Plant Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献_第10页

Genome-wide identification of the Protein Arginine Methyltransferase (PRMT) gene family and functional exploration of GhPRMT5 in cotton 棉花蛋白精氨酸甲基转移酶（PRMT）基因家族的全基因组鉴定及GhPRMT5的功能探索

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111075

Bing Jia , Pan Feng , Hongyuan Xi , Weixiao Zhao , JiKun Song , JianJiang Ma , WenFeng Pei , BingBing Zhang , Li Wang , Jie Gao , Jian Zhang , Siqi Chen , Quanjia Chen , Man Wu , JiWen Yu

Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is a major global oilseed crop, ranking sixth in production worldwide and fifth in China. Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) catalyze arginine methylation, playing pivotal roles in DNA repair in Gossypium. However, their functions in cotton lipid metabolism remain unexplored. In this study, we identified 7, 9, 24, and 32 PRMT genes in Gossypium arboreum, Gossypium raimondii, Gossypium barbadense and Gossypium hirsutum, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis classified these genes into 7 distinct clades, with structural conservation suggesting functional preservation during cotton evolution. Collinearity analysis indicated segmental duplication as a major driver of PRMT family expansion. Expression profiling revealed significantly divergent expression patterns of GhPRMT5 between high-oil and low-oil cotton accessions, particularly during the critical oil accumulation phase. Heterologous expression in yeast showed that GhPRMT5 overexpression significantly increased total lipid content by 14.13 % (p < 0.05), providing direct evidence for its role in promoting lipid biosynthesis. At the same time, GhPRMT5-silenced lines also exhibited a 15.3 % reduction in cottonseed oil content, with significant alterations in fatty acid composition: saturated fatty acids (e.g., myristic acid [C14:0] and stearic acid [C18:0]) increased by 22.67 % and 26.84 %, respectively, whereas unsaturated fatty acids showed elevated oleic acid (C18:1, +20.90 %) and reduced linoleic acid (C18:2, −8.88 %) (p < 0.01).These results not only confirm the critical role of GhPRMT5 in regulating cottonseed oil accumulation but also reveal its role in modulating fatty acid composition. We are the first to report the connection between the PRMT family and lipid biosynthesis in cotton, and our findings provide novel genetic targets for improving cottonseed oil yield and nutritional quality, offering potential applications in industrial oilseed crop breeding.

棉花（Gossypium spp.）是全球主要的油料作物，产量在全球排名第六，在中国排名第五。蛋白精氨酸甲基转移酶（PRMTs）催化精氨酸甲基化，在棉的DNA修复中起关键作用。然而，它们在棉花脂质代谢中的功能尚不清楚。在本研究中，我们分别在树棉、raimondii棉、barbadense棉和hirsutum棉中鉴定了7个、9个、24个和32个PRMT基因。系统发育分析将这些基因分为7个不同的分支，结构保守表明在棉花进化过程中功能保存。共线性分析表明，片段重复是PRMT家族扩展的主要驱动因素。表达谱分析显示，GhPRMT5在高油棉和低油棉的表达模式存在显著差异，尤其是在关键的成油期。在酵母中的异源表达表明，过表达GhPRMT5显著提高了14.13%的总脂质含量(p

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引用次数: 0

Rhizobacterial coordination of reactive oxygen species homeostasis underpins mulberry resilience to waterlogging 根际细菌对活性氧平衡的协调是桑树抗涝能力的基础。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111085

Ting Ou , Kun Jiang , Li Wang , Xiaojiao Liu , Keyao Zhang , Ju Wen , Wenlian Jiao , Jing Yu , Ruolin Zhao , Jie Xie

Rhizobacteria are crucial for plant adaptation to abiotic stresses; however, their contributions to waterlogging resilience of woody plants in fragile riparian zones remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated whether and how the rhizobacterium Klebsiella variicola HWS1, isolated from a riparian zone, improved waterlogging tolerance in mulberry. Our results demonstrated that HWS1 exhibited multiple plant-beneficial traits in vitro and harbored genomic signatures associated with plant growth promotion and stress adaptation. Co-cultivation with HWS1 significantly promoted mulberry growth and elevated antioxidant enzyme activities under waterlogging conditions. Transcriptomic profiling further revealed that stress primarily reprogrammed genes related to oxidoreductase activity, while HWS1 specifically enriched genes involved in hydrogen peroxide metabolism, implicating that alleviation of oxidative stress is a key mechanism for enhanced resilience. Interestingly, waterlogging triggered excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mulberry, whereas HWS1 displayed a robust capability to tolerate and detoxify hydrogen peroxide, thereby helping maintain host ROS homeostasis. Genetic analyses identified the bacterial ahpC and katG genes as essential for oxidative stress tolerance. In particular, deletion of katG significantly impaired its ability to scavenge plant-derived ROS and consequently compromised mulberry stress resistance. These findings reveal a mechanism in rhizobacteria-plant interaction whereby rhizobacterium coordinates the reprogramming of host ROS metabolic genes with its own antioxidant defenses to enhance plant resilience, highlighting ROS-detoxifying rhizobacteria as promising agents for mitigating waterlogging in riparian and agricultural ecosystems.

根瘤菌对植物适应非生物胁迫至关重要；然而，它们对脆弱河岸带木本植物抗涝能力的贡献仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了从河岸区分离的水痘克雷伯菌HWS1是否以及如何提高桑树的耐涝性。我们的研究结果表明，HWS1在体外表现出多种植物有益性状，并具有与植物生长促进和逆境适应相关的基因组特征。在涝渍条件下，与HWS1共培养显著促进桑树生长，提高抗氧化酶活性。转录组学分析进一步显示，应激主要重编程与氧化还原酶活性相关的基因，而HWS1特异性富集了参与过氧化氢代谢的基因，这表明减轻氧化应激是增强恢复力的关键机制。有趣的是，涝渍引发了桑树活性氧（ROS）的过度积累，而HWS1表现出强大的耐受和解毒过氧化氢的能力，从而帮助维持宿主ROS的稳态。遗传分析发现细菌ahpC和katG基因对氧化应激耐受性至关重要。特别是，katG的缺失显著损害了其清除植物源性ROS的能力，从而损害了桑树的抗逆性。这些发现揭示了根际细菌与植物相互作用的机制，其中根际细菌通过自身的抗氧化防御协调宿主ROS代谢基因的重编程，以增强植物的恢复力，突出了ROS解毒根际细菌作为减轻河岸和农业生态系统内涝的有希望的药物。

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引用次数: 0

The gap-free genome and functional characterization of O-methyltransferases provide insights into the biosynthesis of sanguinarine and chelerythrine in Eomecon chionantha o -甲基转移酶的无间隙基因组和功能特征为刺花中血根碱和车刀红碱的生物合成提供了新的见解。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111112

Peng Yang , Yuxin Qi , Yutong Cao , Xinlan Wang , Jiaxin Tan , Mingli Zhang , Yue Han , Xueshuang Huang

Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) are a notable class of bioactive natural products with therapeutic potential. Metabolomic profiling identified a total of 186 BIAs across various tissues of Eomecon chionantha, with sanguinarine and chelerythrine being the predominant compounds, quantified at 5.2 mg/g and 9.9 mg/g in the roots, respectively. The biosynthetic pathways for these compounds have been elucidated in species of the Papaveraceae family, where methylation events are crucial. Here, we present a telomere-to-telomere (T2T) gap-free genome assembly of E. chionantha, which has a total size of 368.5 Mb, comprising nine centromeric regions, 15 telomeres, 19,785 protein-coding genes, and 58.89% repetitive sequences. Genome analysis reveals a single whole-genome duplication in E. chionantha predating its divergence from Macleaya cordata (∼37.9 million years ago). Gene family analysis revealed the presence of 28 O-methyltransferase (OMT) genes in the E. chionantha genome, predominantly amplified through tandem duplication events, as well as the screening of EcOMT3/4/5/10/17/25/26/27 may be involved in the biosynthesis of sanguinarine and chelerythrine. Functional characterization demonstrated that all eight EcOMTs exhibit activity as 6OMT and scoulerine-9-O-methyltransferase (SMT), with only EcOMT17 functioning specifically as a 4′OMT, indicating that multiple EcOMTs have the catalytic capacity for 6OMT and SMT functions, while 4′OMT activity is highly specific. Collectively, this work elucidates OMT roles in BIA biosynthesis while offering genomic resources for Papaveraceae research and evolutionary insights into alkaloid diversification.

苄基异喹啉生物碱（BIAs）是一类具有显著生物活性的天然产物，具有治疗潜力。代谢组学分析共鉴定出186种BIAs，其中血根碱和车腥草碱是主要化合物，分别在根中含量为5.2 mg/g和9.9 mg/g。这些化合物的生物合成途径已经在木瓜科的物种中被阐明，其中甲基化事件是至关重要的。在这里，我们提出了一个端粒到端粒（T2T）无间隙的chionantha基因组组装，其总大小为368.5 Mb，包括9个着丝粒区，15个端粒，19,785个蛋白质编码基因和58.89%的重复序列。基因组分析显示，chionantha在其与Macleaya cordata（约3790万年前）分化之前就存在单个全基因组重复。基因家族分析显示，chionantha基因组中存在28个o -甲基转移酶（OMT）基因，主要通过串联重复事件扩增，以及EcOMT3/4/5/10/17/25/26/27可能参与血根碱和车麻碱的生物合成。功能表征表明，所有8个EcOMTs都具有6OMT和scoulerine-9- o -甲基转移酶（SMT）的活性，只有EcOMT17具有特异性的4'OMT功能，这表明多个EcOMTs具有6OMT和SMT功能的催化能力，而4'OMT活性具有高度特异性。总的来说，这项工作阐明了OMT在BIA生物合成中的作用，同时为罂粟科研究和生物碱多样化的进化见解提供了基因组资源。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptome analysis of Stephania cepharantha and characterization of two CYP80B genes involved in the benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis 头棘的转录组分析及参与苯基异喹啉生物碱合成的两个CYP80B基因的鉴定。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111088

Yuhan Feng , Yi He , Yaoting Li , Wan Guo , Yu Gao , Jiatao Zhang , Yun Kang , Chun Lei , Yaqin Wang , Jianming Huang

Stephania cepharantha Hayata is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant with diverse pharmacological activities. Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs), including cepharanthine and cycleanine, are the major bioactive constituents in this species. Although previous studies have proposed the biosynthetic pathway of cepharanthine based on genomic data of S. cepharantha and validated one norcoclaurine synthase (NCS) and one 4′-O-methyltransferase (4′OMT) involved in the BIA biosynthesis, the complete biosynthetic pathway of BIAs in this plant and the key enzymes involved remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we conducted transcriptome analysis of different tissues of S. cepharantha (roots and leaves), complemented by chemical analysis of major BIAs, to discover candidate enzymes involved in BIA biosynthesis. A total of 67,851 unigenes and 110,252 transcripts were assembled from RNA-seq data using the Illumina HiSeq X Ten platform. HPLC analysis showed a significantly higher accumulation of major BIAs in the roots compared to the leaves. Based on the transcriptome data and the BIA distribution, forty BIA-related candidate genes were identified and a putative BIA biosynthetic pathway for S. cepharantha was proposed. Furthermore, two key cytochrome P450 genes, ScCYP80B1 and ScCYP80B2, were cloned from S. cepharantha and co-expressed with ScCPR1 (also cloned from this plant) in yeast for functional characterization. ScCYP80B1 showed broad 3′-hydroxylation activity towards both N-methylcoclaurine and coclaurine, while ScCYP80B2 specifically catalyzes the 3′-hydroxylation of N-methylcoclaurine. The transcriptome analysis of S. cepharantha advances our understanding of the BIA biosynthetic pathway and the functional characterization of the two CYP80B genes provides new genetic elements for the BIA biosynthesis.

头花是一种具有多种药理活性的传统中药植物。苯基异喹啉生物碱（BIAs）是该物种的主要生物活性成分，包括头蒽醌和环嘌呤。虽然已有研究基于头花的基因组数据提出了头花素的生物合成途径，并验证了一种去甲氯嘌呤合成酶（NCS）和一种4′- o -甲基转移酶（4′omt）参与了BIA的生物合成，但该植物中BIAs的完整生物合成途径和所涉及的关键酶在很大程度上仍未被确定。在本研究中，我们对头棘不同组织（根和叶）进行转录组分析，并辅以主要BIAs的化学分析，以发现参与BIA生物合成的候选酶。使用Illumina HiSeq X Ten平台，从RNA-seq数据中共组装了67,851个unigenes和110,252个转录本。高效液相色谱分析表明，与叶片相比，主要偏倚在根中的积累量显著增加。基于转录组数据和BIA分布，鉴定了40个BIA相关候选基因，并提出了可能的头棘BIA生物合成途径。此外，从头棘中克隆了两个关键的细胞色素P450基因ScCYP80B1和ScCYP80B2，并在酵母中与同样从该植物中克隆的ScCPR1共表达以进行功能表征。ScCYP80B1对n - methylcoclurine和coclurine均表现出广泛的3′-羟基化活性，而ScCYP80B2对n - methylcoclurine具有特异性的3′-羟基化催化作用。头棘的转录组分析促进了我们对BIA生物合成途径的认识，两个CYP80B基因的功能表征为BIA生物合成提供了新的遗传元件。

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引用次数: 0

Heterologous expression of MfERF053 enhances alfalfa drought resistance by regulating ABA signaling, antioxidant defense, and photosynthetic protection MfERF053的异源表达通过调控ABA信号、抗氧化防御和光合保护来增强苜蓿的抗旱性。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111079

Wei Duan (段伟) , Qian Li (李倩) , Chun Liu (刘纯) , Xueli Zhang (张雪莉) , Lijun Liu (刘丽君) , Yaling Liu (刘亚玲) , Yongli Ran (冉永丽) , Yuxiang Wang (王玉祥) , Wanjun Zhang (张万军)

Medicago sativa (alfalfa), a vital perennial leguminous forage with economic and nutritional significance, is severely limited by drought stress. AP2/ERF transcription factors act as core modulators of plant responses to abiotic stresses. To improve alfalfa drought resistance, the MfERF053 gene cloned from Medicago falcata was introduced into the alfalfa genome. Its function and regulatory mechanism in alfalfa drought adaptation were investigated. We hypothesized that MfERF053 plays a pivotal role in drought resistance. Transgenic alfalfa lines overexpressing MfERF053 (OE) and ERF053 RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated alfalfa lines were developed. Drought resistance of OE, RNAi, and wild-type (WT) plants was assessed, alongside physiological phenotyping and RNA-seq profiling. The findings demonstrated that MfERF053 boosted alfalfa drought resistance. Specifically, OE lines exhibited a higher survival rate (68.05% vs. 12.96% in RNAi lines) and stronger water retention (29.45% leaf relative water content vs. 7.87% in RNAi lines). Their catalase and ascorbate peroxidase activities were also elevated, reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was reduced, and photosynthetic function was stabilized (mitigated chlorophyll degradation and maintained PSII efficiency). RNA-seq analysis indicated that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in OE plants were concentrated in three key pathways: abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, antioxidant defense, and photosynthetic pathways. Additionally, these DEGs synergistically regulate key genes within these pathways. This study verified the function of MfERF053 in drought resistance through multiple regulatory pathways. Furthermore, it provides novel insights into ERF-mediated drought resistance in alfalfa and offers a valuable molecular candidate for breeding drought-tolerant alfalfa varieties.

苜蓿（Medicago sativa）是一种重要的多年生豆科牧草，具有重要的经济和营养意义，严重受干旱胁迫的限制。AP2/ERF转录因子是植物对非生物胁迫反应的核心调节因子。为了提高苜蓿的抗旱性，将从苜蓿中克隆的MfERF053基因导入苜蓿基因组。研究了其在紫花苜蓿干旱适应中的作用和调控机制。我们假设MfERF053在抗旱性中起关键作用。建立了过表达MfERF053 （OE）和ERF053 RNA干扰（RNAi）介导的转基因苜蓿系。评估了OE、RNAi和野生型（WT）植物的抗旱性，以及生理表型和RNA-seq分析。结果表明，MfERF053提高了紫花苜蓿的抗旱性。具体来说，OE系表现出更高的存活率（68.05%比RNAi系的12.96%）和更强的保水性（叶片相对含水量29.45%比RNAi系的7.87%）。过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性升高，活性氧（ROS）积累减少，光合功能稳定（减轻叶绿素降解，维持PSII效率）。RNA-seq分析表明，OE植物的差异表达基因（DEGs）集中在脱落酸（ABA）信号通路、抗氧化防御通路和光合通路三个关键通路上。此外，这些deg协同调节这些通路中的关键基因。本研究通过多种调控途径验证了MfERF053在抗旱性中的作用。此外，它为研究erf介导的苜蓿抗旱性提供了新的见解，并为培育耐旱苜蓿品种提供了有价值的分子候选物。

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引用次数: 0

A novel role of the SQDG synthase gene in Eucommia ulmoides SQD2 in drought tolerance: Lipid remodeling, chloroplast protection, and antioxidant regulation in transgenic tobaccos 杜仲SQD2合成酶基因在抗旱性中的新作用：转基因烟草脂质重塑、叶绿体保护和抗氧化调控

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111116

Lidan Guo , Ting Yuan , Xian Gong , Yi Dai , Lijun Qin

Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) is a key anionic lipid of thylakoid membranes, but its contribution to drought tolerance remains poorly understood. In this study, the Eucommia ulmoides SQDG synthase gene EuSQD2 was functionally characterized and heterologously expressed in tobacco. EuSQD2 showed preferential expression in young leaves and encoded a conserved SQDG synthase. Transgenic tobacco plants overexpressing EuSQD2 exhibited enhanced drought tolerance, as evidenced by reduced wilting, lower reactive oxygen species accumulation, improved photosynthetic performance, higher water use efficiency, and increased relative water content. Lipidomic analyses revealed substantial SQDG accumulation accompanied by coordinated remodeling of membrane lipids, including elevated phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine levels. Ultrastructural observations demonstrated that EuSQD2 overexpression effectively preserved chloroplast and thylakoid integrity under drought stress. Moreover, transgenic plants displayed optimized stomatal regulation, enhanced proline accumulation, reduced lipid peroxidation, and increased antioxidant enzyme activities. Transcriptomic analyses indicated enrichment of pathways related to photosynthesis, lipid metabolism, antioxidant defense, and stomatal regulation. These results demonstrate that EuSQD2 enhances drought tolerance by promoting SQDG-mediated membrane stabilization and coordinated physiological and molecular adjustments.

磺基喹啉二酰基甘油（SQDG）是类囊体膜的一种关键阴离子脂质，但其对耐旱性的贡献尚不清楚。本研究对杜仲SQDG合成酶基因EuSQD2进行了功能鉴定，并在烟草中进行了异源表达。EuSQD2在幼叶中优先表达，编码一个保守的SQDG合酶。过表达EuSQD2的转基因烟草植株抗旱性增强，表现为萎蔫减少、活性氧积累减少、光合性能改善、水分利用效率提高、相对含水量增加。脂质组学分析显示，大量的SQDG积累伴随着膜脂的协调重塑，包括磷脂酰甘油和磷脂酰乙醇胺水平升高。超微结构观察表明，EuSQD2过表达能有效地保护干旱胁迫下叶绿体和类囊体的完整性。此外，转基因植株气孔调节优化，脯氨酸积累增强，脂质过氧化减少，抗氧化酶活性增加。转录组学分析表明，与光合作用、脂质代谢、抗氧化防御和气孔调节相关的途径富集。这些结果表明，EuSQD2通过促进sqdg介导的膜稳定和协调的生理和分子调节来增强抗旱性。

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引用次数: 0

CitFBA6 regulates soluble sugars and malate accumulation during fruit ripening in Citrus (Citrus reticulata Blanco) 柑橘（Citrus reticulata Blanco）果实成熟过程中，CitFBA6调控可溶性糖和苹果酸的积累。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111148

Sophia Nyamusi Ochiki , Zhixin Meng , Tianxin Chen , Jiahao Zhou , Zexin Gao , Ziggiju Mesenbet Birhanie , Yong Deng , Mingbao Luan

Fructose-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA), a crucial enzyme in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, plays a significant role in sugar accumulation. However, the information available on the FBA family in citrus is very limited. In this study, we performed the first functional characterization of the FBA gene family in citrus, identifying four CitFBA genes which were classified into chloroplastic and cytosolic subfamilies based on phylogenetic and structural analyses. Comparative genomic analysis revealed significant protein homology among CitFBAs, while gene structure analysis highlighted variability in exon-intron organization. Protein motif analysis showed conserved glycolytic domains across the CitFBA gene family. Promoter analysis revealed complex regulation of CitFBA genes by environmental and hormonal signals, with light-responsive elements being the most prevalent. RNA-seq data elucidated CitFBA expression patterns during fruit development and, in response to postharvest phytohormone applications, showed differential patterns, with CitFBA6 exhibiting high expression, suggesting its positive role in fruit ripening. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) of CitFBA6 led to reduced fructose and glucose levels, increased sucrose content, enhanced malate accumulation and altered the activity and expression of other important enzymes in gluconeogenesis. These results highlight the pivotal role of CitFBA6 in regulating soluble sugar and organic acid accumulation during citrus fruit ripening. Together, our study provides comprehensive information about the FBA family in citrus and can potentially enhance citrus fruit flavor and postharvest quality through targeted manipulation of FBA enzymes.

果糖二磷酸醛缩酶（FBA）是糖酵解/糖异生过程中的重要酶，在糖积累过程中起着重要作用。然而，关于柑橘中FBA家族的信息非常有限。在本研究中，我们首次对柑橘FBA基因家族进行了功能鉴定，根据系统发育和结构分析，鉴定出4个柑橘FBA基因，并将其分为叶绿体亚家族和细胞质亚家族。比较基因组分析揭示了CitFBAs之间显著的蛋白质同源性，而基因结构分析突出了外显子-内含子组织的差异性。蛋白基序分析显示在整个CitFBA基因家族中存在保守的糖酵解结构域。启动子分析显示CitFBA基因受环境和激素信号的复杂调控，其中光响应元件最为普遍。RNA-seq数据阐明了CitFBA在果实发育过程中的表达模式，并且在采后植物激素的应用下表现出差异模式，其中CitFBA6表现出高表达，表明其在果实成熟过程中具有积极作用。病毒诱导的CitFBA6基因沉默（VIGS）导致果糖和葡萄糖水平降低，蔗糖含量增加，苹果酸积累增强，并改变糖异生过程中其他重要酶的活性和表达。这些结果强调了CitFBA6在柑橘果实成熟过程中调节可溶性糖和有机酸积累的关键作用。总之，我们的研究提供了柑橘中FBA家族的全面信息，并有可能通过有针对性地操纵FBA酶来提高柑橘果实的风味和采后品质。

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引用次数: 0

Genome-wide identification and functional characterization of six ERD6-like genes involved in soluble sugar accumulation and response to drought in peach (Prunus persica) 桃可溶性糖积累与干旱响应的6个erd6样基因的全基因组鉴定与功能表征

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111173

Yanfu Jing , Yuexin Liu , Yaoguang Xu , Yanyan Su , Yu Tian , Xiuxiu Ge , Yang Yu , Jianyu Li , Hua Xie

Soluble sugars are key determinants of fruit quality, contributing to the desirable flavors of fruit crops such as peach. Our previous research identified PpERDL16 (early response to dehydration 6-like) as a negative regulator of fructose content in peach fruits. The current study identifies six ERD-like genes and classifies them into four subfamilies through bioinformatics and gene expression analyses. All six genes contain sugar transporter domains and are localized to the tonoplast, confirmed by subcellular localization assays in tobacco. The expression analysis undertaken during fruit development revealed that the genes PpERDL6-1 (previously as PpERDL16), PpERDL6-2 and PpERDL6-3 were highly expressed during the early stages of fruit ripening, with PpERDL6-1 showing a marked downregulation during the late ripening stage. Functional assays demonstrated functional divergence for these genes in sugar modulation: transient overexpression of PpERDL6-1 significantly reduced fructose and glucose levels, whereas overexpression of PpERDL6-2 specifically increased glucose levels in mesocarp slices. Additionally, overexpression of PpERDL6-3, PpERDL6-4, and PpERDL6-6 led to enhanced fructose accumulation. Further, Promoter motif analysis indicated that all six ERD6-like genes are responsive to light and hormonal stimuli related to abiotic stress. Under drought treatment, soluble sugars (glucose, fructose and sucrose) accumulated significantly, and expression of all six genes was fluctuated. In conclusion, our findings highlight the pivotal roles of the ERD6-like gene family in regulating soluble sugar accumulation, suggesting their involvement in the coordination of peach fruit sweetness and stress response. This study offers novel insights into the molecular mechanisms that underpin fruit quality improvement under abiotic stress conditions.

可溶性糖是水果品质的关键决定因素，有助于水果作物如桃子的理想风味。我们之前的研究发现PpERDL16（对脱水的早期反应）是桃子果实中果糖含量的负调节因子。本研究通过生物信息学和基因表达分析鉴定了6个erd样基因，并将其划分为4个亚家族。这6个基因都含有糖转运结构域，并被定位到烟草的细胞质中，这已被亚细胞定位试验证实。在果实发育过程中进行的表达分析表明，PpERDL6-1（以前称为PpERDL16）、PpERDL6-2和PpERDL6-3基因在果实成熟早期高表达，而PpERDL6-1在果实成熟后期明显下调。功能分析证实了这些基因在糖调节中的功能差异：PpERDL6-1的短暂过表达显著降低了果糖和葡萄糖水平，而PpERDL6-2的过表达特异性地增加了中果皮切片中的葡萄糖水平。此外，PpERDL6-3、PpERDL6-4和PpERDL6-6的过表达导致果糖积累增强。此外，启动子基序分析表明，所有6个erd6样基因都响应与非生物应激相关的光和激素刺激。在干旱处理下，可溶性糖（葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖）显著积累，6个基因的表达均出现波动。总之，我们的研究结果强调了erd6样基因家族在调节可溶性糖积累中的关键作用，表明它们参与了桃子果实甜度和胁迫反应的协调。该研究为非生物胁迫条件下果实品质改善的分子机制提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Endophyte-induced physiological adjustments to improve drought tolerance in rice 内生菌诱导的提高水稻抗旱性的生理调节。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111175

Milan Kumar Lal , R.R. Abhishek , Prashantkumar S. Hanjagi , A.S. Padmaja , Laxmipriya Behera , Rupak Jena , Awadhesh Kumar , Rahul Kumar Tiwari , Ravinder Kumar , Karaba N. Nataraja

Fungal endophytes are known to improve plant resilience by influencing a wide range of physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes. The endophytes adapted to stress-prone habitats have emerged as promising biological agents for enhancing crop tolerance under water-limited conditions. In the present study, two fungal endophytes, Fusarium incarnatum (K23) and Fusarium equiseti (SF5), isolated from contrasting extreme environments, mitigated the adverse effects of drought across three rice varieties, namely, IR64, CR Dhan 307, and Sahbhagi Dhan. Endophyte colonization significantly increased root and shoot biomass under drought, with SF5 outperforming K23 in most parameters. Colonization of endophytes improved physiological and biochemical parameters under drought in all three rice varieties. Additionally, both endophytes contributed to oxidative stress management under drought. Agronomic traits, including plant height, panicle weight, and grain weight, were also significantly improved under drought conditions with endophyte colonization. SF5 showed specificity in enhancing reproductive traits in Sahbhagi Dhan, whereas K23 demonstrated broader efficacy across all varieties. Correlation analysis highlighted the interplay between antioxidant enzyme activities and yield components. Current findings suggest that habitat-adapted endophytic fungi, offer an effective, variety-specific strategy to improve drought tolerance and crop productivity in rice. This research provides insights into beneficial endophytic inoculants for sustainable agriculture in water-limited environments.

已知真菌内生菌通过影响广泛的生理、生化和分子过程来提高植物的恢复力。适应于易受胁迫生境的内生菌已成为提高作物在限水条件下耐受性的有前途的生物制剂。在本研究中，从不同极端环境中分离到的两种内生真菌——赤霉病菌（Fusarium incarnatum, K23）和赤霉病菌（Fusarium equiseti, SF5）缓解了IR64、CR Dhan 307和Sahbhagi Dhan三个水稻品种的干旱不利影响。干旱条件下，内生菌定殖显著增加了根和地上部生物量，SF5在大多数参数上都优于K23。内生菌的定殖改善了3个水稻品种在干旱条件下的生理生化参数。此外，这两种内生菌都对干旱条件下的氧化应激管理有贡献。在干旱条件下，内生菌定殖显著提高了植株的农艺性状，包括株高、穗重和粒重。SF5在提高沙哈吉汗的生殖性状方面表现出特异性，而K23在所有品种中表现出更广泛的功效。相关分析强调了抗氧化酶活性与产量组分之间的相互作用。目前的研究结果表明，适应生境的内生真菌为提高水稻的耐旱性和作物生产力提供了一种有效的、品种特异性的策略。本研究为水资源有限环境下的可持续农业提供了有益的内生菌接种剂。

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引用次数: 0

A physically linked CYP720B–diterpene synthase gene pair controls ferruginol biosynthesis in Taiwania cryptomerioides and reveals conserved genome organization in Cupressidae 一个物理连接的cyp720b -二萜合成酶基因对控制着台湾隐叶柏铁二醇的生物合成，揭示了柏科保守的基因组组织。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111174

Chong-Yao Hong, Fang-Hua Chu

Members of the Cupressaceae produce abundant phenolic abietane-type diterpenoids such as ferruginol, a compound that is thought to contribute to heartwood durability and to serve as the precursor to medically relevant taiwaniaquinoids in Taiwania cryptomerioides. However, the oxidative steps downstream of the diterpene precursor levopimaradiene remain poorly understood. Here, we identified a physically linked cytochrome P450 (CYP720B)–diterpene synthase (DTS) gene pair in the Cryptomeria japonica genome and cloned the corresponding wood-expressing homologs from T. cryptomerioides. Functional expression in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Escherichia coli demonstrated that two CYP720Bs catalyze oxidative conversion of levopimaradiene, while the adjacent, newly isolated DTS (TcKSL9) functions as a putative levopimaradiene synthase. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that Cupressaceae CYP720Bs form a lineage distinct from Pinaceae homologs. Guided by this relationship, comparative genomic surveys identified head-to-head CYP720B–DTS gene pairs across multiple Cupressidae genomes. Subsequent phylogenetic analyses of paired genes, together with microsynteny comparisons, revealed conserved local genomic neighborhoods and reciprocal best-hit relationships among Cupressidae species, patterns consistent with an early establishment and evolutionary persistence of this genomic configuration within the clade. Collectively, our findings elucidate the enzymatic steps leading to ferruginol formation in T. cryptomerioides and reveal a conserved CYP720B–DTS genomic association within Cupressidae, providing new insight into diterpenoid biosynthesis and genome organization in conifers.

柏科的成员产生丰富的酚类二萜，如铁二醇，一种被认为有助于心材耐久性的化合物，并作为药用相关的台湾亚醌类的前体。然而，二萜前体左旋己二烯下游的氧化步骤仍然知之甚少。本研究在日本柳杉（Cryptomeria japonica）基因组中鉴定了一个物理连接的细胞色素P450 (CYP720B)-二萜合成酶（DTS）基因对，并克隆了相应的表达木材的同源基因。在酿酒酵母菌和大肠杆菌中的功能表达表明，两个CYP720Bs催化左旋马二烯的氧化转化，而相邻的新分离的DTS （TcKSL9）可能是左旋马二烯合成酶。系统发育分析表明，柏科cyp720b与松科同源植物形成了一个不同的谱系。在这种关系的指导下，比较基因组调查确定了多个柏科基因组中首尾相连的CYP720B-DTS基因对。随后对配对基因的系统发育分析，以及微共系比较，揭示了柏科物种之间保守的局部基因组邻域和互惠的最佳打击关系，这些模式与这种基因组结构在进化支系中的早期建立和进化持久性相一致。总的来说，我们的研究结果阐明了隐叶柏中铁二醇形成的酶促步骤，揭示了柏科中CYP720B-DTS的保守基因组关联，为针叶树中二萜类生物合成和基因组组织提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0