Plant Physiology and Biochemistry最新文献_第6页

Soil compaction impairs cotton growth and photosynthetic performance even under non-limiting water and nutrient conditions 即使在不限制水分和养分的条件下，土壤压实也会损害棉花的生长和光合性能。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111064

Camila P. Cagna , Cássio A. Tormena , Renan Falcioni , Fabio R. Echer , Olanrewaju H. Ologunde , Marcio R. Nunes , Werner C. Antunes

Soil compaction represents a critical limitation to global agricultural productivity, yet how its direct effects plant physiological processes remain insufficiently understood. This study assessed how increasing levels of soil compaction influence the physiological performance of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) under controlled environmental conditions. Three degrees of compaction (DC) were considered: Control – 75% of the maximum soil bulk density (Bd = 1.52 Mg m⁻³, non-compacted), DC85 (Bd = 1.66 Mg m⁻³) and DC95 (Bd = 1.78 Mg m⁻³) corresponded to intermediate and high compaction levels, representing 85% and 95% of the soil's maximum bulk density, respectively. Increasing compaction significantly reduced plant growth and leaf area. Photosynthesis was suppressed due to stomatal closure, which limited CO₂ diffusion into mesophyll tissue, and was accompanied by decreased photochemical and carboxylation efficiencies. Soil compaction promotes on cotton plants increased thermal energy dissipation, reduced electron transport efficiency between Q_A and Q_B, and altered chloroplast ultrastructure, including the number of chloroplasts and organization of thylakoid lamellae. These changes impaired light harvesting and CO₂ fixation. Additionally, high compaction levels led to increased leaf reflectance and reduced sugar content, indicating compromised source activity, although no direct evidence of end-product feedback inhibition was observed. Overall, soil compaction negatively affected photosynthetic performance at multiple levels, morphological, anatomical, biochemical, and photochemical, culminating in reduced carbon assimilation and biomass accumulation in cotton. These findings highlight the critical role of maintaining adequate soil physical conditions to ensure optimal photosynthetic function and crop performance.

土壤压实是全球农业生产力的一个重要限制因素，但其对植物生理过程的直接影响尚不清楚。本研究评估了在受控环境条件下，土壤压实程度的增加对棉花生理性能的影响。考虑了三种压实度（DC）：控制-最大土壤容重的75% （Bd = 1.52 Mg m-3，未压实），DC85 （Bd = 1.66 Mg m-3）和DC95 （Bd = 1.78 Mg m-3）对应于中等和高压实水平，分别占土壤最大容重的85%和95%。增加压实显著降低植物生长和叶面积。由于气孔关闭，光合作用受到抑制，限制了CO2向叶肉组织的扩散，并伴有光化学和羧化效率的降低。土壤压实导致棉花植株热能耗散增加，QA和QB之间的电子传递效率降低，叶绿体超微结构发生改变，包括叶绿体数量和类囊体片层组织。这些变化削弱了光的收集和二氧化碳的固定。此外，高压实水平导致叶片反射率增加和糖含量降低，表明源活性受损，尽管没有观察到最终产物反馈抑制的直接证据。总体而言，土壤压实在形态、解剖、生化和光化学等多个层面对棉花光合性能产生负面影响，最终导致棉花碳同化和生物量积累减少。这些发现强调了维持适当的土壤物理条件对确保最佳光合功能和作物性能的关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Potassium application delays Zhebeimu (Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.) leaf senescence under shade 施钾延缓浙贝母遮荫下叶片衰老。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111084

Honghai Zhu , Huizhen Jin , Dinghao Yang , Leran Wang , Yue Yin , Wenjun Weng , Shumin Wang , Shipeng Jiang , Qiang Yuan , Guilan Duan , Hui Wang , Ning Sui

Shade could improve the medicinal quality of Zhebeimu (Fritillaria thunbergii Miq.) bulb, but lead to decreased yield resulting from leaf senescence. Although potassium application can mitigate such yield loss by delaying leaf senescence, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In this two-year field experiment, the widely cultivated variety ‘Zhebei 3’ was subjected to shade (around 50% shading) from the squaring stage, along with potassium application of 22.5 kg K₂O ha⁻¹. Shade treatment elevated the levels of senescence-inducing phytohormones [abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), and 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid (ACC, the direct precursor of ethylene)], and reduced anti-senescence phytohormones [auxin (IAA) and cytokinin (CTK)]. It also suppressed the active oxygen scavenging system by lowering the activities of antioxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX)] and the concentrations of non-enzymatic antioxidants [phenolics, flavonoids, flavones, and ascorbic acid (AsA)], leading to increased accumulation of O₂⁻ and malondialdehyde (MDA). Furthermore, shade impaired nitrogen assimilation via inhibiting the activities of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamate synthase (GOGAT), thereby decreasing amino acid and soluble protein contents. These combined effects resulted in reduced chlorophyll contents and early leaf senescence. By contrast, potassium application increased IAA and CTK levels, enhanced activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, POD, CAT, and GPX) and contents of non-enzymatic antioxidant including flavonoids [(+)-gallocatechin, aromadendrin, kaempferol, quercetin, and myricetin] and flavones (kaempferol 3-sophorotrioside, astragalin, rutin, nictoflorin, quercetin 3-sophorotrioside, and isoquercitrin), and improved nitrogen assimilation. These changes collectively elevated chlorophyll contents and delayed shade-induced leaf senescence. Overall, this study broadened the understanding of the mechanism of potassium application in alleviating leaf senescence under shade.

遮荫可以提高浙贝母球茎的药用品质，但会导致产量下降，导致叶片衰老。尽管施钾可以通过延缓叶片衰老来减轻这种产量损失，但潜在的机制仍然很大程度上未知。在为期两年的大田试验中，广泛栽培的品种“浙北3号”从刈割期开始进行遮荫（约50%遮荫），同时施用22.5 kg K2O hm -1钾。遮荫处理提高了诱导衰老的植物激素[脱落酸（ABA）、水杨酸（SA）、茉莉酸（JA）和1-氨基环丙二甲酸（ACC，乙烯的直接前体）]的水平，降低了抗衰老的植物激素[生长素（IAA）和细胞分裂素（CTK）]的水平。它还通过降低抗氧化酶[超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPX）]的活性和非酶促抗氧化剂[酚类物质、类黄酮、黄酮和抗坏血酸（AsA）]的浓度来抑制活性氧清除系统，导致O2-和丙二醛（MDA）的积累增加。此外，遮荫还通过抑制硝酸还原酶（NR）、谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）和谷氨酸合成酶（GOGAT）的活性来抑制氮同化，从而降低氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量。这些综合作用导致叶绿素含量降低，叶片提前衰老。相反，施钾提高了IAA和CTK水平，增强了抗氧化酶（SOD、POD、CAT和GPX）的活性和非酶促抗氧化剂(黄酮类[(+)-没食子儿茶素、芳香腺嘌呤、山奈酚、槲皮素和杨梅素]和黄酮（山奈酚3-苦参三苷、黄芪甲苷、芦丁、烟叶苷、槲皮素3-苦参三苷和异槲皮苷）的含量，并改善了氮同化。这些变化共同提高了叶绿素含量，延缓了遮荫诱导的叶片衰老。总的来说，本研究拓宽了对施钾缓解遮荫下叶片衰老机理的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptome and metabolome atlas reveals pivotal roles of glutathione and nicotianamine metabolism in Cd stress resistance in oat 转录组和代谢组图谱揭示了谷胱甘肽和烟胺代谢在燕麦抗镉胁迫中的关键作用

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111080

Yan Sun , Ruirui Hu , Jinzhou Yang , Chen Li , Jinai Xue , Zhiwei Zhang , Runzhi Li , Xiaoyun Jia

Cadmium (Cd), a highly toxic element, poses significant constraints on global crop distribution and productivity. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the response to Cd stress will help improve plant performance under Cd-exposed conditions. Here, we aimed to elucidate the complex response mechanisms of two oat varieties (CEav5651 and T1402) to Cd stress through integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses. Our findings demonstrated that CEav5651 exhibited superior Cd tolerance compared to T1402. Metabolomic profiling revealed that glutathione and nicotianamine levels were significantly elevated in both varieties under Cd stress, with CEav5651 accumulating substantially higher concentrations of these two metabolites than T1402. This differential accumulation was corroborated by corresponding transcriptomic alterations. Critically, exogenous application of glutathione or nicotianamine markedly enhanced plant Cd tolerance. Heterologous overexpression of AsGS3 and AsNAS17, key genes in glutathione and nicotianamine biosynthesis, respectively, in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) elevated endogenous levels of these metabolites and conferred enhanced Cd tolerance. Our findings reveal the pivotal, coordinated role of glutathione and nicotianamine metabolism in Cd tolerance and provide promising genetic targets for breeding resilient crops.

镉（Cd）是一种剧毒元素，对全球作物分布和生产力造成重大限制。更好地了解Cd胁迫响应的分子机制将有助于提高Cd暴露条件下植物的生产性能。本研究旨在通过综合代谢组学和转录组学分析，阐明两个燕麦品种（CEav5651和T1402）对镉胁迫的复杂响应机制。我们的研究结果表明，与T1402相比，CEav5651具有更好的Cd耐受性。代谢组学分析显示，Cd胁迫下两个品种的谷胱甘肽和烟胺含量均显著升高，其中CEav5651积累的这两种代谢物浓度明显高于T1402。这种差异积累被相应的转录组改变所证实。关键的是，外源应用谷胱甘肽或烟胺显著提高了植物的Cd耐受性。烟草（Nicotiana tabacum）中谷胱甘肽和烟胺生物合成关键基因AsGS3和AsNAS17的异源过表达提高了这些代谢物的内源水平，并增强了Cd耐受性。我们的发现揭示了谷胱甘肽和烟胺代谢在Cd耐受性中的关键协调作用，并为培育抗逆性作物提供了有希望的遗传靶点。

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引用次数: 0

Nitrogen enhances cadmium phytoremediation in poplar via physiological, molecular, and rhizobacterial mechanisms 氮通过生理、分子和根瘤菌机制促进杨树镉的植物修复

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111090

Feifei Tian , Lianghua Chen , Jiaxuan Mi , Jinliang Huang , Xiaoxi Chen , Jing Li , Lanxu Wang , Zhuyue Li , Liang Mao , Fang He , Qinglin Liu , Fan Zhang , Xueqin Wan

Nitrogen (N) plays a crucial role in enhancing plant growth and stress tolerance, but the physiological mechanisms and multi-omics evidence underlying its effect on cadmium (Cd) accumulation and detoxification in woody plants have not been fully understood. In this study, by integrating physiological, transcriptomic, metabolomic, and rhizobacterial analyses, the effects of NH₄HCO₃-based N fertiliser on 3-month-old poplars subjected to Cd stress were investigated to determine its potential for bioaccumulation and detoxification. Exogenous N significantly enhanced the Cd uptake efficiency and Cd content in whole plants by 93.79 and 160%, respectively, compared to the Cd-only group. N selectively recruited Bacillus, Fictibacillus, and Nitrospira, which are associated with a reduced soil pH, increased Cd bioavailability, and phytohormones (brassinolide and zeatin) biosynthesis, facilitating plant growth and Cd absorption. Concurrently, multi-omics analyses revealed the upregulation of genes involved in reduced glutathione (GSH) and phytohormones biosynthesis, antioxidant defence, and Cd transport and chelation (e.g., PyGCLC, PyGSS, PyDWF, PyIPT, PyAPX, PyCAT, PyNRAMP, PyMT, PyHIPP). Consistently, the accumulation of GSH, key amino acids (cysteine, glutamate, glutamine), phytohormones, flavonoid derivatives (eriodictyol, dihydrokaempferol, glyceollin II), and osmoprotectants (proline, soluble sugars) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase) were enhanced. Thus, Cd-induced reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation were reduced, and Cd accumulation and detoxification-related responses were enhanced. These findings suggest that N improves the phytoremediation efficiency of poplar by affecting the rhizosphere environment and Cd bioavailability and by modulating physiological and metabolic processes in plant cells.

氮(N)在促进植物生长和抗逆性方面起着至关重要的作用，但其对木本植物镉（Cd）积累和脱毒的生理机制和多组学证据尚不完全清楚。本研究通过综合生理、转录组学、代谢组学和根菌学分析，研究了nh4hco3氮肥对Cd胁迫下3月龄杨树的影响，以确定其生物积累和解毒潜力。外源氮处理显著提高了全株Cd吸收效率和Cd含量，分别比单施氮处理提高了93.79%和160%。氮选择性地招募芽孢杆菌、芽孢杆菌和硝化螺旋菌，这与土壤pH降低、Cd生物利用度增加和植物激素（油菜素内酯和玉米素）的生物合成有关，促进植物生长和Cd吸收。与此同时，多组学分析显示，参与还原性谷胱甘肽（GSH）和植物激素生物合成、抗氧化防御以及Cd运输和配合的基因（如PyGCLC、PyGSS、PyDWF、PyIPT、PyAPX、PyCAT、PyNRAMP、PyMT、PyHIPP）上调。与此同时，GSH、关键氨基酸（半胱氨酸、谷氨酸、谷氨酰胺）、植物激素、类黄酮衍生物（碘二醇、二氢山烯酚、甘油II）和渗透保护剂（脯氨酸、可溶性糖）的积累和抗氧化酶（过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶）的活性均得到增强。因此，Cd诱导的活性氧和脂质过氧化反应减少，Cd积累和解毒相关反应增强。这些结果表明，氮素通过影响根际环境和镉的生物利用度以及调节植物细胞的生理代谢过程来提高杨树的植物修复效率。

{"title":"Nitrogen enhances cadmium phytoremediation in poplar via physiological, molecular, and rhizobacterial mechanisms","authors":"Feifei Tian , Lianghua Chen , Jiaxuan Mi , Jinliang Huang , Xiaoxi Chen , Jing Li , Lanxu Wang , Zhuyue Li , Liang Mao , Fang He , Qinglin Liu , Fan Zhang , Xueqin Wan","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111090","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111090","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrogen (N) plays a crucial role in enhancing plant growth and stress tolerance, but the physiological mechanisms and multi-omics evidence underlying its effect on cadmium (Cd) accumulation and detoxification in woody plants have not been fully understood. In this study, by integrating physiological, transcriptomic, metabolomic, and rhizobacterial analyses, the effects of NH<sub>4</sub>HCO<sub>3</sub>-based N fertiliser on 3-month-old poplars subjected to Cd stress were investigated to determine its potential for bioaccumulation and detoxification. Exogenous N significantly enhanced the Cd uptake efficiency and Cd content in whole plants by 93.79 and 160%, respectively, compared to the Cd-only group. N selectively recruited <em>Bacillus</em>, <em>Fictibacillus</em>, and <em>Nitrospira</em>, which are associated with a reduced soil pH, increased Cd bioavailability, and phytohormones (brassinolide and zeatin) biosynthesis, facilitating plant growth and Cd absorption. Concurrently, multi-omics analyses revealed the upregulation of genes involved in reduced glutathione (GSH) and phytohormones biosynthesis, antioxidant defence, and Cd transport and chelation (e.g., <em>PyGCLC</em>, <em>PyGSS</em>, <em>PyDWF</em>, <em>PyIPT</em>, <em>PyAPX</em>, <em>PyCAT</em>, <em>PyNRAMP</em>, <em>PyMT</em>, <em>PyHIPP</em>). Consistently, the accumulation of GSH, key amino acids (cysteine, glutamate, glutamine), phytohormones, flavonoid derivatives (eriodictyol, dihydrokaempferol, glyceollin II), and osmoprotectants (proline, soluble sugars) and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ascorbate peroxidase) were enhanced. Thus, Cd-induced reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation were reduced, and Cd accumulation and detoxification-related responses were enhanced. These findings suggest that N improves the phytoremediation efficiency of poplar by affecting the rhizosphere environment and Cd bioavailability and by modulating physiological and metabolic processes in plant cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 111090"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cerium nano-oxide promotes cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seed germination by regulating auxin and brassinolide homeostasis and signal transduction in the hypocotyl 纳米氧化铈通过调节生长素和油菜素内酯的稳态及下胚轴的信号转导促进棉花种子萌发

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111067

Xianyuan Gao , Miaoyu Chen , Mingwei Du , Baomin Wang , Honghong Wu , Xiaoli Tian , Fangjun Li , Zhaohu Li

Seed priming with engineered nanoparticles can promote seed germination. Herein, we investigated how priming seeds with antioxidant poly(acrylic acid)-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles (PNC, 0.05 mM) impacts seed germination in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Seed priming with PNC significantly increased cotton hypocotyl elongation by 13 %–37 %, promoting seed germination in pot experiment. Meanwhile, the emergence rate increased by 15 %–16 % with 0.05 mM PNC-seed priming in the field. Transcriptome analysis identified PNC-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to the phytohormone, auxin (IAA), and brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis (e.g. GhTAA1, GhYUCCA, GhALDH, GhGH3, GhCYPs) and signal transduction (e.g. GhSAUR, GhBZR1). Consistently, PNC priming increased the accumulation of IAA (10 %–25 %) and BR (86 %–100 %) in cotton hypocotyls. In addition, PNC enhanced the expression of the xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTHs) genes, regulated by SAUR and BZR1 through IAA and BR signaling pathway and critical for cell elongation. Also, the cell lengths of the epidermis, endodermis, xylem, and pith in cotton hypocotyl increased by 21 %, 17 %, 31 %, and 21 %, respectively upon seed priming with 0.05 mM PNC. The results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of nanoparticles-seed priming enhancement of plant seed gemination.

用工程纳米粒子注入种子可以促进种子发芽。本文研究了抗氧化剂聚丙烯酸包被氧化铈纳米粒子（PNC, 0.05 mM）对棉花种子萌发的影响。在盆栽试验中，PNC灌种可显著提高棉花下胚轴伸长13% ~ 37%，促进种子萌发。同时，田间施用0.05 mM pnc种子可使出苗率提高15% ~ 16%。转录组分析鉴定了pnc诱导的与植物激素、生长素（IAA）和油菜素内酯（BR）生物合成相关的差异表达基因（DEGs）（如GhTAA1、GhYUCCA、GhALDH、GhGH3、GhCYPs）和信号转导（如GhSAUR、GhBZR1）。PNC诱导下胚轴中IAA和BR的积累量分别增加了10% ~ 25%和86% ~ 100%。此外，PNC还增强了XTHs基因的表达，该基因通过IAA和BR信号通路受到sar和BZR1的调控，对细胞伸长至关重要。在0.05 mM PNC条件下，棉花下胚轴表皮、内胚层、木质部和髓的细胞长度分别增加了21%、17%、31%和21%。研究结果为纳米颗粒种子启动增强植物种子萌发的分子机制提供了新的见解。

{"title":"Cerium nano-oxide promotes cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) seed germination by regulating auxin and brassinolide homeostasis and signal transduction in the hypocotyl","authors":"Xianyuan Gao , Miaoyu Chen , Mingwei Du , Baomin Wang , Honghong Wu , Xiaoli Tian , Fangjun Li , Zhaohu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Seed priming with engineered nanoparticles can promote seed germination. Herein, we investigated how priming seeds with antioxidant poly(acrylic acid)-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles (PNC, 0.05 mM) impacts seed germination in cotton (<em>Gossypium hirsutum</em> L.). Seed priming with PNC significantly increased cotton hypocotyl elongation by 13 %–37 %, promoting seed germination in pot experiment. Meanwhile, the emergence rate increased by 15 %–16 % with 0.05 mM PNC-seed priming in the field. Transcriptome analysis identified PNC-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to the phytohormone, auxin (IAA), and brassinosteroid (BR) biosynthesis (e.g. <em>GhTAA1, GhYUCCA, GhALDH, GhGH3, GhCYPs</em>) and signal transduction (e.g. <em>GhSAUR</em>, <em>GhBZR1</em>). Consistently, PNC priming increased the accumulation of IAA (10 %–25 %) and BR (86 %–100 %) in cotton hypocotyls. In addition, PNC enhanced the expression of the xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTHs) genes, regulated by SAUR and BZR1 through IAA and BR signaling pathway and critical for cell elongation. Also, the cell lengths of the epidermis, endodermis, xylem, and pith in cotton hypocotyl increased by 21 %, 17 %, 31 %, and 21 %, respectively upon seed priming with 0.05 mM PNC. The results provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of nanoparticles-seed priming enhancement of plant seed gemination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 111067"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functional characterization reveals MiNAC25 and MiSGR1 as key regulators of chlorophyll degradation in mango 功能表征表明MiNAC25和MiSGR1是芒果叶绿素降解的关键调控因子

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111095

Xiao Du , Xueyu Cui , Wenping Zeng , Yujiao Peng , Qianfu Chen , Yerong Wang

Chlorophyll degradation is crucial for fruit ripening and coloration, but its transcriptional regulation in mango (Mangifera indica L.) remains unclear. Here, we investigated two mango cultivars, ‘Guire 82’ (persistent green) and ‘Neelum’ (yellowing), and integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses implicated porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism as the central pathway underlying peel color divergence. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified key modules linked to pigmentation, from which we uncovered that a NAC-family transcription factor MiNAC25 as a central regulator within the chlorophyll degradation network. MiSGR1 a key chlorophyll catabolic gene, showed co-expression with MiNAC25, and in silico analysis revealed potential NAC-binding sites in its promoter. Subcellular localization confirmed the nuclear localization of MiNAC25 and the chloroplast localization of MiSGR1. Functional validation in tomato demonstrated that heterologous overexpression of either MiNAC25 or MiSGR1 significantly accelerated chlorophyll degradation and up-regulated the expression of endogenous chlorophyll catabolic genes (SlPPH, SlPAO, SlRCCR). Notably, MiNAC25 overexpression also activated the tomato SGR ortholog. Our findings reveal a previously uncharacterized transcriptional module in which the nuclear MiNAC25 potentially coordinates chlorophyll breakdown, possibly through influencing MiSGR1 and other catabolic genes, to govern peel yellowing in mango. This study provides key insights into the regulatory mechanism of fruit coloration and identifies MiNAC25 and MiSGR1 as strategic targets for improving mango fruit quality.

叶绿素降解对果实成熟和着色至关重要，但其在芒果（Mangifera indica L.）中的转录调控尚不清楚。在这里，我们研究了两个芒果品种，‘Guire 82’（持久绿色）和‘Neelum’（变黄），综合代谢组学和转录组学分析表明，卟啉和叶绿素代谢是果皮颜色差异的主要途径。加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）确定了与色素沉着相关的关键模块，从中我们发现nac家族转录因子MiNAC25在叶绿素降解网络中起中心调节作用。MiSGR1是叶绿素分解代谢的关键基因，与MiNAC25共表达，并在其启动子中发现了潜在的nac结合位点。亚细胞定位证实了MiNAC25的核定位和MiSGR1的叶绿体定位。在番茄中的功能验证表明，外源过表达MiNAC25或MiSGR1均能显著加速叶绿素降解，上调内源叶绿素分解代谢基因（SlPPH、SlPAO、SlRCCR）的表达。值得注意的是，MiNAC25过表达也激活了番茄SGR同源基因。我们的研究结果揭示了一个以前未被表征的转录模块，其中核MiNAC25可能通过影响MiSGR1和其他分解代谢基因来协调叶绿素分解，从而控制芒果果皮变黄。该研究为水果着色的调控机制提供了重要的见解，并确定了MiNAC25和MiSGR1作为改善芒果果实品质的战略靶点。

{"title":"Functional characterization reveals MiNAC25 and MiSGR1 as key regulators of chlorophyll degradation in mango","authors":"Xiao Du , Xueyu Cui , Wenping Zeng , Yujiao Peng , Qianfu Chen , Yerong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chlorophyll degradation is crucial for fruit ripening and coloration, but its transcriptional regulation in mango (<em>Mangifera indica</em> L.) remains unclear. Here, we investigated two mango cultivars, ‘Guire 82’ (persistent green) and ‘Neelum’ (yellowing), and integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses implicated porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism as the central pathway underlying peel color divergence. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified key modules linked to pigmentation, from which we uncovered that a NAC-family transcription factor <em>MiNAC25</em> as a central regulator within the chlorophyll degradation network. <em>MiSGR1</em> a key chlorophyll catabolic gene, showed co-expression with <em>MiNAC25,</em> and <em>in silico</em> analysis revealed potential NAC-binding sites in its promoter. Subcellular localization confirmed the nuclear localization of <em>MiNAC25</em> and the chloroplast localization of <em>MiSGR1</em>. Functional validation in tomato demonstrated that heterologous overexpression of either <em>MiNAC25</em> or <em>MiSGR1</em> significantly accelerated chlorophyll degradation and up-regulated the expression of endogenous chlorophyll catabolic genes (<em>SlPPH</em>, <em>SlPAO</em>, <em>SlRCCR</em>). Notably, <em>MiNAC25</em> overexpression also activated the tomato <em>SGR</em> ortholog. Our findings reveal a previously uncharacterized transcriptional module in which the nuclear <em>MiNAC25</em> potentially coordinates chlorophyll breakdown, possibly through influencing <em>MiSGR1</em> and other catabolic genes, to govern peel yellowing in mango. This study provides key insights into the regulatory mechanism of fruit coloration and identifies <em>MiNAC25</em> and <em>MiSGR1</em> as strategic targets for improving mango fruit quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20234,"journal":{"name":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry","volume":"232 ","pages":"Article 111095"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146122705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated SiZAT12 mutagenesis enhances drought tolerance without yield penalty in foxtail millet (Setaria italica) CRISPR/ cas9介导的SiZAT12诱变提高谷子抗旱性而不影响产量

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111096

Xuan Zhou , Lingqian Zhang , Hejing Wu , Haodong Wang , Jiayi Chen , Xueting Kang , Jianhong Hao , Hongzhi Wang , Lulu Gao , Guanghui Yang , Xiangyang Yuan , Jia-Gang Wang , Xiao-qian Chu

引用次数: 0

Insights on the impact of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis on Avena sativa drought tolerance at the early flowering stage 丛枝菌根共生对苜蓿花前期抗旱性影响的研究。

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111092

Haoqi Tian , Jin Li , Wenhui Liu , Hui Wang , Jin Zhang , Xiaoyu Liang , Yanan Liu , Yuanbin Hu , Jun Yi , Yang Ji , Qingping Zhou

Oats (Avena sativa) are a nutritious and versatile crop, but they are highly vulnerable to drought, especially during the heading and flowering stages, which can significantly reduce yield and quality. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve plant resilience to drought and other abiotic stresses. However, the genetic networks underlying oat responses to drought during the early flowering stage, influenced by AMF, remain unclear. In this study, we combined transcriptome sequencing with phenotypic and physiological analyses to investigate how AMF enhance drought tolerance in oats. Samples were collected on day 60 of oat-AMF symbiosis (corresponding to day 30 of drought stress), with the 30-day drought period covering the critical water-sensitive phase of panicle initiation to flowering in oats. We found that AMF inoculation enhanced multiple drought-related traits in oats, including growth parameters, root vitality, antioxidant enzyme activity, and levels of oxidized glutathione (GSSG), indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), and abscisic acid (ABA). Transcriptomic analysis further identified differentially expressed genes involved in drought response, membrane integrity, and transport activities, with a focus on genes associated with stress tolerance. KEGG pathway analysis revealed that phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and plant hormone signal transduction were significantly affected under drought and AMF inoculation. Further analysis showed that genes such as PAL, PYL5, CRE1, and B-ARRs were differentially expressed in AMF-inoculated oat roots under drought stress. Additionally, weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified hub genes related to plant growth and defense (BGLU16, CGS1), oxidative stress (CAT2, RBOH), phosphate and nutrient transport (PHF1, PHT1-11, YSL13), and water transport (PIPs). Overall, these results provide valuable insights into the complex genetic networks underlying AMF-enhanced drought resilience in oats at early flowering stage, offering potential candidate genes for future studies aimed at improving drought tolerance through mycorrhizal-plant interactions.

燕麦（Avena sativa）是一种营养丰富且用途广泛的作物，但它们极易受到干旱的影响，特别是在抽穗和开花阶段，这可能会显著降低产量和质量。丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）可以提高植物对干旱和其他非生物胁迫的抗逆性。然而，受AMF影响的早期开花阶段燕麦对干旱反应的遗传网络仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们将转录组测序与表型和生理分析相结合，研究AMF如何增强燕麦的耐旱性。在燕麦- amf共生的第60天（对应干旱胁迫的第30天）采集样品，30天的干旱期覆盖了燕麦穗萌发到开花的关键水敏期。研究发现，接种AMF增强了燕麦的多种干旱相关性状，包括生长参数、根系活力、抗氧化酶活性以及氧化谷胱甘肽（GSSG）、吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）和脱落酸（ABA）水平。转录组学分析进一步确定了参与干旱响应、膜完整性和运输活动的差异表达基因，重点是与胁迫耐受性相关的基因。KEGG途径分析表明，干旱和接种AMF显著影响了苯丙素的生物合成和植物激素信号转导。进一步分析发现，干旱胁迫下接种amf的燕麦根系中PAL、PYL5、CRE1、B-ARRs等基因的表达存在差异。此外，加权基因共表达网络分析还发现了与植物生长和防御相关的枢纽基因（BGLU16, CGS1），氧化应激（CAT2， RBOH），磷酸盐和养分转运（PHF1, PHT1-11,YSL13）和水转运（PIPs）。总的来说，这些结果为amf在开花早期增强燕麦抗旱性的复杂遗传网络提供了有价值的见解，为未来通过菌根与植物相互作用提高抗旱性的研究提供了潜在的候选基因。

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引用次数: 0

HbTRXh1 regulates tapping panel dryness occurrence and abiotic stress tolerance by interacting with stress-responsive proteins in rubber tree HbTRXh1通过与橡胶树应激反应蛋白相互作用调控橡胶树攻丝板干燥发生和非生物胁迫耐受性

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111077

Hui Liu , Qiguang He , Shuangjiang Li, Jie Yang, Yuting Wang, Yiyu Hu, Mingliang Zhang, Chengtian Feng, Kun Yuan, Zhenhui Wang

Thioredoxins (TRXs) play crucial roles in numerous plant biological processes by catalyzing thiol-disulfide exchanges of their target proteins. However, the functions of TRXs in the rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) remain largely unclear. In the present study, we cloned and characterized HbTRXh1, a subgroup I h-type TRX gene from rubber tree. HbTRXh1 contained the typical WCGPC redox-active site and had reductase activity in vitro. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that HbTRXh1 is localized to the plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm. Expression profiling showed that HbTRXh1 was specifically highly expressed in latex, and its expression was significantly down-regulated in tapping panel dryness (TPD) trees compared with healthy trees. Additionally, HbTRXh1 expression was up-regulated by salt, cold, and drought stresses, whereas it was repressed by oxidative stress and treatments with various hormones (abscisic acid, salicylic acid, methyl jasmonate, and ethylene). Overexpression of HbTRXh1 in yeast and tobacco improved tolerance to various abiotic stresses, including oxidative, salt, and osmotic stresses. RNA-sequencing analysis revealed that overexpression of HbTRXh1 in tobacco altered the expression of genes related to cell wall metabolism, as well as glycine, serine and threonine metabolism. Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays demonstrated that HbTRXh1 physically interacted with four stress-responsive proteins (pro-hevein, LEA14, RD19A, and MSH7). These findings suggest that HbTRXh1 is crucial for both TPD occurrence and abiotic stress adaptation in rubber tree, thereby providing a valuable genetic resource for improving TPD tolerance and abiotic stress resistance in rubber tree.

硫氧还毒素（TRXs）通过催化其靶蛋白的硫醇-二硫交换在许多植物生物过程中起着至关重要的作用。然而，TRXs在橡胶树（巴西橡胶树）中的功能仍不清楚。本研究从橡胶树中克隆并鉴定了I亚群h型TRX基因HbTRXh1。HbTRXh1含有典型的WCGPC氧化还原活性位点，在体外具有还原酶活性。亚细胞定位分析显示HbTRXh1定位于质膜、细胞核和细胞质。表达谱分析显示，HbTRXh1在胶乳中特异性高表达，与健康树相比，其在攻丝板干燥（TPD）树中的表达显著下调。此外，HbTRXh1的表达在盐、冷和干旱胁迫下上调，而在氧化应激和各种激素（脱落酸、水杨酸、茉莉酸甲酯和乙烯）处理下被抑制。HbTRXh1在酵母和烟草中的过表达提高了对各种非生物胁迫的耐受性，包括氧化、盐和渗透胁迫。rna测序分析显示，HbTRXh1在烟草中的过表达改变了细胞壁代谢相关基因的表达，以及甘氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸代谢相关基因的表达。酵母双杂交（Y2H）和双分子荧光互补（BiFC）实验表明，HbTRXh1与4种应激响应蛋白（pro-hevein、LEA14、RD19A和MSH7）发生物理相互作用。这些结果表明，HbTRXh1基因在橡胶树TPD发生和非生物胁迫适应中都起着至关重要的作用，为橡胶树提高TPD耐受性和非生物抗逆性提供了宝贵的遗传资源。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated CUT&Tag-seq and RNA-seq analysis reveals the transcriptional regulatory network of Gshdz4 under alkaline and heavy metal stress 综合CUT&Tag-seq和RNA-seq分析揭示了Gshdz4在碱性和重金属胁迫下的转录调控网络

IF 5.7 2区生物学 Q1 PLANT SCIENCES

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry

Pub Date : 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2026.111087

Mengyu Liu , Yujing Liu , Jixiang Tang , Xiaoyu Wang , Xinlei Du , Yijia Ruan , Hongli Wang , Mengyu Zhou , Yishan Fu , Xiaohuan Sun , Junfeng Zhang , Lei Cao

Soil alkalinity and heavy metal toxicity are major abiotic stresses that severely limit plant growth and crop productivity. Wild soybean (Glycine soja) exhibits strong alkaline tolerance, making it a valuable genetic resource for improving cultivated soybean. Previous studies identified Gshdz4 and GsNAC019 as key alkaline-tolerant transcription factors, and GsEXPA8 as an alkaline-tolerant expansin protein. This study establishes a hierarchical "nucleus-nucleus-membrane” regulatory model in wild soybean, wherein the nuclear master transcription factor Gshdz4 transcriptionally upregulates GsNAC019, which in turn activates the expression of the plasma membrane-localized expansin GsEXPA8, collectively enhancing alkaline tolerance. We further investigated the role of Gshdz4 in conferring resistance to combined sodium bicarbonate and cadmium chloride stress in soybean. Through integrated RNA-seq and CUT&Tag-seq analyses, we identified Gshdz4 as a direct binder and regulator of diverse stress-responsive genes-including GmDEAH5, GmHSP22.3, GmACR4, and GmATG1c. Under alkaline stress, Gshdz4 modulates GmSLX8, GmSF3, and GmPP4; under cadmium stress, it regulates GmGMFL01 and GmUNC, establishing a broad-spectrum defense mechanism. Additional targets encompass splicing factors, heat shock proteins, ABA signaling components, and ethylene-responsive factors. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses confirmed that Gshdz4 participates in multiple hormonal pathways (ABA, IAA, ET, JA) and stress response signaling. Our findings revealed Gshdz4 as a master transcriptional regulator under multiple stresses and provide a theoretical foundation for molecular breeding strategies to enhance soybean resilience.

土壤碱度和重金属毒性是严重限制植物生长和作物产量的主要非生物胁迫。野生大豆（甘氨酸大豆）具有较强的耐碱性，是改良栽培大豆的宝贵遗传资源。先前的研究发现Gshdz4和GsNAC019是关键的耐碱性转录因子，GsEXPA8是耐碱性扩张蛋白。本研究在野生大豆中建立了“核-核-膜”分级调控模型，其中核主转录因子Gshdz4通过转录上调GsNAC019，进而激活质膜定位扩张蛋白GsEXPA8的表达，共同增强了大豆的碱性耐受性。我们进一步研究了Gshdz4在大豆抗碳酸氢钠和氯化镉复合胁迫中的作用。通过整合RNA-seq和CUT&；Tag-seq分析，我们发现Gshdz4是多种应激反应基因的直接结合物和调节剂，包括GmDEAH5、GmHSP22.3、GmACR4和GmATG1c。在碱性胁迫下，Gshdz4调控GmSLX8、GmSF3和GmPP4；在镉胁迫下，调控GmGMFL01和GmUNC，建立广谱防御机制。其他靶点包括剪接因子、热休克蛋白、ABA信号成分和乙烯反应因子。GO和KEGG富集分析证实Gshdz4参与多种激素通路（ABA、IAA、ET、JA）和应激反应信号通路。本研究结果揭示了Gshdz4是多种胁迫下的主转录调控因子，为提高大豆抗逆性的分子育种策略提供了理论基础。

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引用次数: 0