Pub Date : 2025-12-06DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114112
Jiamei Yuan , Yushan Du , Kun Zhang , Heyue Yang , Guangjin Li , Fengjun Wang
Fresh walnut kernels are prized for their unique flavor and high nutritional value. However, they are highly susceptible to browning, decay and oxidative rancidity, resulting in postharvest quality deterioration. In the present study, the natural volatile compound trans-2-octenal (OCT) was found to be effective in inhibiting surface browning and discoloration of fresh walnut kernels during storage. Furthermore, OCT at 5 or 10 μL L-¹ reduced decay incidence and oxidative rancidity, as evidenced by decreased acid and peroxide values, while maintained key quality attributes including firmness, moisture content, fat content and soluble sugar levels. Transcriptomic and physiological analyses revealed that OCT activated the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, increased the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, but decreased the activities of browning-related enzymes (polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and lipoxygenase). Lipidomic profiling further revealed that OCT remodeled lipid composition, particularly the metabolites in glycerophospholipid metabolism, all of which are closely associated with lipid oxidation. These findings collectively elucidate the multifaceted role and mechanism of OCT in preserving postharvest quality, supporting its potential as a natural preservative for fresh walnut kernels.
{"title":"Integrated physiological, transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses reveal the role of trans-2-octenal in the postharvest preservation of fresh walnut kernels","authors":"Jiamei Yuan , Yushan Du , Kun Zhang , Heyue Yang , Guangjin Li , Fengjun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fresh walnut kernels are prized for their unique flavor and high nutritional value. However, they are highly susceptible to browning, decay and oxidative rancidity, resulting in postharvest quality deterioration. In the present study, the natural volatile compound trans-2-octenal (OCT) was found to be effective in inhibiting surface browning and discoloration of fresh walnut kernels during storage. Furthermore, OCT at 5 or 10 μL L<sup>-</sup>¹ reduced decay incidence and oxidative rancidity, as evidenced by decreased acid and peroxide values, while maintained key quality attributes including firmness, moisture content, fat content and soluble sugar levels. Transcriptomic and physiological analyses revealed that OCT activated the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, increased the total phenolic and flavonoid contents and phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, but decreased the activities of browning-related enzymes (polyphenol oxidase, peroxidase and lipoxygenase). Lipidomic profiling further revealed that OCT remodeled lipid composition, particularly the metabolites in glycerophospholipid metabolism, all of which are closely associated with lipid oxidation. These findings collectively elucidate the multifaceted role and mechanism of OCT in preserving postharvest quality, supporting its potential as a natural preservative for fresh walnut kernels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114112"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-06DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114105
Miaomiao Wang , Qizhe Li , Hao Wang , Nan Jiang , Jiale Wang , Xiaotong Hu , Yu Liu , Tuanhui Bai , Jian Jiao , JiangLi Shi , Ran Wan , Kunxi Zhang , Pengbo Hao , Yujie Zhao , Wanyu Xu , Liu Cong , Xianbo Zheng
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a pivotal role in regulating the ripening processes of both climacteric and non-climacteric fruits, including apple (Malus domestica). However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, exogenous ABA treatment markedly enhanced ethylene production, decreased fruit firmness, and accelerated ripening in ‘Red Delicious’ apples. Intriguingly, exogenous ethylene increased endogenous ABA levels and biosynthetic enzyme activities in ‘Golden Delicious’ fruit, whereas 1-MCP treatment suppressed ABA accumulation and delayed ripening. Subsequently, we identified two ABA-responsive transcription factors, MdERF2 and MdSCR11, that directly trans-repress the promoter of MdABA4–2, which shows a negative correlation with ABA accumulation. Notably, MdSCR11 physically interacts with MdERF2 and synergistically represses MdABA4–2 transcriptional activity. Furthermore, transient overexpression of MdABA4–2 in apple fruit significantly reduced ABA content and ethylene production, delaying ripening, whereas MdSCR11 overexpression suppressed MdABA4–2 expression and accelerated ripening. Finally, complementary evidence from transgenic calli confirmed that MdABA4–2 negatively regulates ABA biosynthesis while MdSCR11 positively modulates ABA accumulation through MdABA4–2 suppression. Our findings establish a novel transcriptional regulatory module wherein ABA promotes apple fruit ripening through MdERF2-MdSCR11-mediated repression of MdABA4–2, providing mechanistic insights into hormone crosstalk during climacteric fruit maturation.
{"title":"The transcriptional regulatory module MdERF2-MdSCR11 promotes ABA-mediated apple fruit ripening through synergistic repression of MdABA4-2","authors":"Miaomiao Wang , Qizhe Li , Hao Wang , Nan Jiang , Jiale Wang , Xiaotong Hu , Yu Liu , Tuanhui Bai , Jian Jiao , JiangLi Shi , Ran Wan , Kunxi Zhang , Pengbo Hao , Yujie Zhao , Wanyu Xu , Liu Cong , Xianbo Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114105","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114105","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) plays a pivotal role in regulating the ripening processes of both climacteric and non-climacteric fruits, including apple (<em>Malus domestica</em>). However, the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, exogenous ABA treatment markedly enhanced ethylene production, decreased fruit firmness, and accelerated ripening in ‘Red Delicious’ apples. Intriguingly, exogenous ethylene increased endogenous ABA levels and biosynthetic enzyme activities in ‘Golden Delicious’ fruit, whereas 1-MCP treatment suppressed ABA accumulation and delayed ripening. Subsequently, we identified two ABA-responsive transcription factors, MdERF2 and MdSCR11, that directly trans-repress the promoter of <em>MdABA4–2</em>, which shows a negative correlation with ABA accumulation. Notably, MdSCR11 physically interacts with MdERF2 and synergistically represses <em>MdABA4–2</em> transcriptional activity. Furthermore, transient overexpression of <em>MdABA4–2</em> in apple fruit significantly reduced ABA content and ethylene production, delaying ripening, whereas <em>MdSCR11</em> overexpression suppressed <em>MdABA4–2</em> expression and accelerated ripening. Finally, complementary evidence from transgenic calli confirmed that <em>MdABA4–2</em> negatively regulates ABA biosynthesis while <em>MdSCR11</em> positively modulates ABA accumulation through <em>MdABA4–2</em> suppression. Our findings establish a novel transcriptional regulatory module wherein ABA promotes apple fruit ripening through MdERF2-MdSCR11-mediated repression of <em>MdABA4–2</em>, providing mechanistic insights into hormone crosstalk during climacteric fruit maturation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114105"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.113992
Yana Liu , Yangyang Geng , Shixin Zhang , Bokai Hu , Jihui Wang
Tuber indicum is a highly prized medicinal and edible fungus. However, freshly harvested T. indicum is prone to rapid spoilage, leading to economic losses and decline in its nutritional value. This study aimed to examine the physicochemical effects and flavor compound changes of T. indicum wrapped in aluminum foil and refrigerated for 20 d. The findings revealed that aluminum foil wrapping delayed the spoilage under refrigeration by serving as a physical barrier. However, notable spore detachment and considerable weakening of the vein tissue were observed. The moisture loss was reduced in T. indicum during storage, and water gradually transitioned from a bound state to a free state, migrating from the inside to the surface. Aluminum foil wrapping promoted the coexistence of diverse functional bacterial communities, which played a role in retarding spoilage and preserving the fungal quality. The aluminum foil wrapping treatment exhibited lower hardness, higher adhesiveness, lower cohesiveness, and altered trends in gumminess and chewiness during later refrigeration stages. Exposure to an open environment accelerated the oxidation and volatilization of aldehydes, contributing to the deterioration of flavor. In contrast, aluminum foil wrapping proved advantageous in preserving key aroma compounds and minimizing the development of off-odors. Overall, this study provided an essential basis for understanding the behavioral characteristics of aluminum foil–wrapped T. indicum under refrigeration.
{"title":"Physicochemical effects and flavor compound changes of aluminum foil–wrapped Tuber indicum under refrigeration","authors":"Yana Liu , Yangyang Geng , Shixin Zhang , Bokai Hu , Jihui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.113992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.113992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Tuber indicum</em> is a highly prized medicinal and edible fungus. However, freshly harvested <em>T. indicum</em> is prone to rapid spoilage, leading to economic losses and decline in its nutritional value. This study aimed to examine the physicochemical effects and flavor compound changes of <em>T. indicum</em> wrapped in aluminum foil and refrigerated for 20 d. The findings revealed that aluminum foil wrapping delayed the spoilage under refrigeration by serving as a physical barrier. However, notable spore detachment and considerable weakening of the vein tissue were observed. The moisture loss was reduced in <em>T. indicum</em> during storage, and water gradually transitioned from a bound state to a free state, migrating from the inside to the surface. Aluminum foil wrapping promoted the coexistence of diverse functional bacterial communities, which played a role in retarding spoilage and preserving the fungal quality. The aluminum foil wrapping treatment exhibited lower hardness, higher adhesiveness, lower cohesiveness, and altered trends in gumminess and chewiness during later refrigeration stages. Exposure to an open environment accelerated the oxidation and volatilization of aldehydes, contributing to the deterioration of flavor. In contrast, aluminum foil wrapping proved advantageous in preserving key aroma compounds and minimizing the development of off-odors. Overall, this study provided an essential basis for understanding the behavioral characteristics of aluminum foil–wrapped <em>T. indicum</em> under refrigeration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 113992"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114115
Xiaoqian Li , Hongbo Yuan , Bingke Shi , Ruiping Liu , Yan Chen , Li Wang , Hongtao Tu , Hui Hou
Gray mold, caused by the pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea, is a major disease affecting strawberries. This study investigated the antifungal mechanism of Aspergillus tubingensis strain Pa6 against strawberry gray mold and its application in postharvest strawberry preservation. Strain Pa6 exhibited 81.51 % inhibition of mycelial growth in B. cinerea. In vivo tests revealed that treatment with 10 and 20 % Pa6 cell-free supernatant (CFS) reduced lesion diameters by 27.32 and 45.68 %, respectively. Furthermore, strawberries treated with strain Pa6 CFS showed significant improvement in postharvest quality after 15 days of storage. Compared with the control plate treatment, decay incidence, weight loss, and total color difference were reduced by 37.5 %, 0.87 %, and 1.51, respectively. Combined transcriptome and metabolomics analyses revealed widespread downregulation of differential genes and metabolites involved in arginine and proline metabolism and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolisms. Therefore, strain Pa6 may be a potential candidate for green prevention and postharvest management.
{"title":"Antifungal mechanism of Aspergillus tubingensis strain Pa6 against strawberry gray mold and its application in the preservation of postharvest strawberry","authors":"Xiaoqian Li , Hongbo Yuan , Bingke Shi , Ruiping Liu , Yan Chen , Li Wang , Hongtao Tu , Hui Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gray mold, caused by the pathogenic fungus <em>Botrytis cinerea,</em> is a major disease affecting strawberries. This study investigated the antifungal mechanism of <em>Aspergillus tubingensis</em> strain Pa6 against strawberry gray mold and its application in postharvest strawberry preservation. Strain Pa6 exhibited 81.51 % inhibition of mycelial growth in <em>B. cinerea</em>. <em>In vivo</em> tests revealed that treatment with 10 and 20 % Pa6 cell-free supernatant (CFS) reduced lesion diameters by 27.32 and 45.68 %, respectively. Furthermore, strawberries treated with strain Pa6 CFS showed significant improvement in postharvest quality after 15 days of storage. Compared with the control plate treatment, decay incidence, weight loss, and total color difference were reduced by 37.5 %, 0.87 %, and 1.51, respectively. Combined transcriptome and metabolomics analyses revealed widespread downregulation of differential genes and metabolites involved in arginine and proline metabolism and alanine, aspartate, and glutamate metabolisms. Therefore, strain Pa6 may be a potential candidate for green prevention and postharvest management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114115"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The postharvest mangoes undergo rapid ripening that progresses to senescence, which limits their economic value. In this study, the role of exogenous gibberellin (GA₃) in regulating postharvest storage of mangoes was evaluated. The results showed that GA₃ treatment (200 mg L⁻¹) delayed the ripening of ‘Guifei’ mangoes, including color transformation, fruit softening, soluble solids accumulation, and ethylene production. Transcriptome analysis suggested that GA3 may delay mango ripening by associated with plant hormone transduction, starch degradation and sugar transport. In addition, we found that the expression of RELATED TO AP2.3 (RAP2–3), was upregulated during mango ripening and was inhibited by GA3. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and dual luciferase reporter (DLR) experiments indicated that MiRAP2–3 directly bound to the promoter of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO1) and activated its transcription. In summary, the results suggest that GA3 may inhibit ethylene production during mango ripening by suppressing MiRAP2–3 expression. This study provides a theoretical basis for the role of GA3 in delaying mango ripening and offers new insights into the interaction of ethylene and gibberellin in mangoes.
采收后的芒果经历了快速成熟和衰老的过程，这限制了它们的经济价值。本文研究了外源赤霉素（GA₃）对芒果采后贮藏的调控作用。结果表明，GA₃（200 mg L⁻¹）会延迟“桂非”芒果的成熟，包括颜色变化、果实软化、可溶性固体积累和乙烯的产生。转录组分析表明，GA3可能与植物激素转导、淀粉降解和糖转运有关，从而延缓芒果成熟。此外，我们发现芒果成熟过程中RELATED TO AP2.3 （RAP2-3）的表达上调，并被GA3抑制。酵母一杂交（Y1H）和双荧光素酶报告基因（DLR）实验表明，MiRAP2-3直接结合到1-氨基环丙烷-1-羧酸氧化酶（ACO1）启动子上并激活其转录。综上所述，GA3可能通过抑制MiRAP2-3的表达来抑制芒果成熟过程中乙烯的产生。本研究为GA3延缓芒果成熟的作用提供了理论依据，并对芒果中乙烯与赤霉素的相互作用提供了新的认识。
{"title":"Transcription factor MiRAP2-3 mediated gibberellin-suppressed mango ripening through regulating MiACO1","authors":"Yu Cai , Benfeng Zhang , Jialiang Liu, Xiangbin Xu, Zhengke Zhang, Zhu Lisha","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The postharvest mangoes undergo rapid ripening that progresses to senescence, which limits their economic value. In this study, the role of exogenous gibberellin (GA₃) in regulating postharvest storage of mangoes was evaluated. The results showed that GA₃ treatment (200 mg L⁻¹) delayed the ripening of ‘Guifei’ mangoes, including color transformation, fruit softening, soluble solids accumulation, and ethylene production. Transcriptome analysis suggested that GA<sub>3</sub> may delay mango ripening by associated with plant hormone transduction, starch degradation and sugar transport. In addition, we found that the expression of RELATED TO AP2.3 (<em>RAP2–3</em>), was upregulated during mango ripening and was inhibited by GA<sub>3</sub>. Yeast one hybrid (Y1H) and dual luciferase reporter (DLR) experiments indicated that MiRAP2–3 directly bound to the promoter of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (<em>ACO1</em>) and activated its transcription. In summary, the results suggest that GA<sub>3</sub> may inhibit ethylene production during mango ripening by suppressing <em>MiRAP2–3</em> expression. This study provides a theoretical basis for the role of GA<sub>3</sub> in delaying mango ripening and offers new insights into the interaction of ethylene and gibberellin in mangoes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114106"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pythium ultimum is the principal postharvest pathogen responsible for Pythium leak disease in potatoes, causing significant yield losses during storage. 2,3-Butanedione is a naturally derived flavor compound, whose efficacy in controlling oomycete-induced postharvest diseases remains unclear. This study revealed that 2,3-butanedione inhibits P. ultimum mycelial growth (EC50 = 9.35 μL·L⁻¹) and reduces potato leak severity by 67.92 % at 2 ×EC50. Moreover, it exhibits broad-spectrum anti-oomycete activity by decreasing the susceptibility of pepper and eggplant to Phytophthora capsici and P. parasitica, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that 2,3-butanedione affects ABC transporters and phospholipids metabolism pathways in P. ultimum. Notably, it suppresses the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC), a major cell membrane phospholipid, by downregulating genes involved in PC biosynthesis, such as the choline kinase gene PuCKI1. Molecular docking studies indicated a strong binding affinity between 2,3-butanedione and PuCKI1 (binding free energy = –3.91 kcal/mol), suggesting that the compound’s inhibitory effect on P. ultimum infection may be mediated through reduced PC accumulation, thereby increasing membrane permeability and damaging membrane integrity. Furthermore, the synergistic combination of 2,3-butanedione and mefenoxam (3:1 ratio) significantly reduces potato disease severity by over 59.65 % compared to mefenoxam alone. These findings provide a mechanistic basis and underscore the potential utility of 2,3-butanedione as a complementary agent in managing postharvest oomycete diseases in vegetable crops.
{"title":"Control efficiency and potential mechanisms of 2,3-butanedione against potato leak caused by Pythium ultimum","authors":"Hui Feng , Jingtao Shi , Donglin Zhao , Zhixin Peng , Fuqiang Guo , Chengsheng Zhang , Chong Shi , Kangwen Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Pythium ultimum</em> is the principal postharvest pathogen responsible for Pythium leak disease in potatoes, causing significant yield losses during storage. 2,3-Butanedione is a naturally derived flavor compound, whose efficacy in controlling oomycete-induced postharvest diseases remains unclear. This study revealed that 2,3-butanedione inhibits <em>P</em>. <em>ultimum</em> mycelial growth (EC<sub>50</sub> = 9.35 μL·L⁻¹) and reduces potato leak severity by 67.92 % at 2 ×EC<sub>50</sub>. Moreover, it exhibits broad-spectrum anti-oomycete activity by decreasing the susceptibility of pepper and eggplant to <em>Phytophthora capsici</em> and <em>P</em>. <em>parasitica</em>, respectively. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that 2,3-butanedione affects ABC transporters and phospholipids metabolism pathways in <em>P</em>. <em>ultimum</em>. Notably, it suppresses the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC), a major cell membrane phospholipid, by downregulating genes involved in PC biosynthesis, such as the choline kinase gene <em>PuCKI1</em>. Molecular docking studies indicated a strong binding affinity between 2,3-butanedione and PuCKI1 (binding free energy = –3.91 kcal/mol), suggesting that the compound’s inhibitory effect on <em>P</em>. <em>ultimum</em> infection may be mediated through reduced PC accumulation, thereby increasing membrane permeability and damaging membrane integrity. Furthermore, the synergistic combination of 2,3-butanedione and mefenoxam (3:1 ratio) significantly reduces potato disease severity by over 59.65 % compared to mefenoxam alone. These findings provide a mechanistic basis and underscore the potential utility of 2,3-butanedione as a complementary agent in managing postharvest oomycete diseases in vegetable crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114111"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114107
Soo Jeong Yu, Eun Soo Jeong, Soobin Lee, Je Min Lee
STAY-GREEN (SGR), encoding the Mg-dechelatase, is a key genetic regulator of chlorophyll degradation in leaves and fruit. However, the extended functions of SGR in fruit ripening remain largely unexplored. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in the CaSGR of brown peppers (Capsicum spp.), and co-segregated with the recessive brown fruit color in an F2 population. The brown pepper accessions showed chlorophyll retention in the ripening fruit and increased shelf-life. CaSGR-silenced and brown peppers delayed ethylene-dependent leaf senescence. CaSGR-silenced fruit resulted in chlorophyll retention, reduced carotenoid content, increased firmness, and extended shelf-life. The gene expression of chlorophyll catabolic (NOL, HCAR, PPH, PAO, CYP89A9), carotenoid biosynthetic (PSY1, PDS, ZISO, ZDS, CHYB, ZEP, CCS), and cell wall degradation-related (PG2a, CEL1, CEL2, EXP1) genes was downregulated in the CaSGR-silenced fruit. In addition, the flavor volatiles were altered in the CaSGR-silenced fruit, characterized by an absence of hexanal, nonanal, and nonanoic acid, and the accumulation of 4-methylpentyl 3-methylbutanoate. Given that CaSGR regulates fruit ripening, CaNOR, a homologue of the tomato NAC-NOR, was selected as a candidate regulator of CaSGR. Transcriptional activation assay demonstrated that CaNOR acts as a positive regulator of CaSGR expression. Furthermore, silencing of CaNOR reduced chlorophyll degradation, carotenoid accumulation, and fruit softening. The expression of chlorophyll catabolic, carotenoid biosynthetic, and cell wall degradation-related genes was down-regulated in CaNOR-silenced fruit. Furthermore, the reciprocal reduction of each gene expression in the silenced fruit suggests that a regulatory link between CaSGR and CaNOR coordinates fruit ripening. These findings will be helpful for improving fruit shelf-life in pepper.
{"title":"Regulatory link of CaSGR–CaNOR controls fruit shelf-life in pepper","authors":"Soo Jeong Yu, Eun Soo Jeong, Soobin Lee, Je Min Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>STAY-GREEN</em> (<em>SGR</em>), encoding the Mg-dechelatase, is a key genetic regulator of chlorophyll degradation in leaves and fruit. However, the extended functions of <em>SGR</em> in fruit ripening remain largely unexplored. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms were identified in the <em>CaSGR</em> of brown peppers (<em>Capsicum</em> spp.), and co-segregated with the recessive brown fruit color in an F<sub>2</sub> population. The brown pepper accessions showed chlorophyll retention in the ripening fruit and increased shelf-life. <em>CaSGR</em>-silenced and brown peppers delayed ethylene-dependent leaf senescence. <em>CaSGR</em>-silenced fruit resulted in chlorophyll retention, reduced carotenoid content, increased firmness, and extended shelf-life. The gene expression of chlorophyll catabolic (<em>NOL</em>, <em>HCAR</em>, <em>PPH</em>, <em>PAO</em>, <em>CYP89A9</em>), carotenoid biosynthetic (<em>PSY1</em>, <em>PDS</em>, <em>ZISO</em>, <em>ZDS</em>, <em>CHYB</em>, <em>ZEP</em>, <em>CCS</em>), and cell wall degradation-related (<em>PG2a</em>, <em>CEL1</em>, <em>CEL2</em>, <em>EXP1</em>) genes was downregulated in the <em>CaSGR</em>-silenced fruit. In addition, the flavor volatiles were altered in the <em>CaSGR</em>-silenced fruit, characterized by an absence of hexanal, nonanal, and nonanoic acid, and the accumulation of 4-methylpentyl 3-methylbutanoate. Given that <em>CaSGR</em> regulates fruit ripening, <em>CaNOR</em>, a homologue of the tomato <em>NAC-NOR</em>, was selected as a candidate regulator of <em>CaSGR</em>. Transcriptional activation assay demonstrated that <em>CaNOR</em> acts as a positive regulator of <em>CaSGR</em> expression. Furthermore, silencing of <em>CaNOR</em> reduced chlorophyll degradation, carotenoid accumulation, and fruit softening. The expression of chlorophyll catabolic, carotenoid biosynthetic, and cell wall degradation-related genes was down-regulated in <em>CaNOR</em>-silenced fruit. Furthermore, the reciprocal reduction of each gene expression in the silenced fruit suggests that a regulatory link between <em>CaSGR</em> and <em>CaNOR</em> coordinates fruit ripening. These findings will be helpful for improving fruit shelf-life in pepper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114107"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114099
Yun Xiao , Zhenbiao Li , Jing Huang , Jiali Wang , Tianyou Hou , Zisheng Luo , Yanqun Xu
Mitochondria play a central role in plant metabolism and signaling regulation by controlling carbon flux, energy conversion, and redox homeostasis. However, their functional mechanisms in plant immunity, particularly fruit disease resistance, remain unclear. Using strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa) as a model, this study identified mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α subunit encoding genes and functionally validated FaPDHE1α. The gene was rapidly induced (10-fold) by Botrytis cinerea infection and localized to mitochondria. Functional assays showed that FaPDHE1α overexpression markedly enhanced fruit resistance, whereas RNAi silencing increased susceptibility. Mechanistic analyses revealed that FaPDHE1α activation boosted glycolysis and the TCA cycle and strongly upregulated mitochondrial complex I genes nad3, nad6, and nad7 (47.1-, 23.3-, and 8.5-fold), thereby enhancing electron transport and establishing a controlled ROS signaling state that activated antioxidant and defense-related pathways. This study reveals a novel mechanism of mitochondrial-mediated fruit immunity regulation and provides a theoretical basis for physiological interventions against postharvest diseases.
{"title":"A novel mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α subunit gene links carbon flow and redox signaling to enhance postharvest disease resistance in strawberry","authors":"Yun Xiao , Zhenbiao Li , Jing Huang , Jiali Wang , Tianyou Hou , Zisheng Luo , Yanqun Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mitochondria play a central role in plant metabolism and signaling regulation by controlling carbon flux, energy conversion, and redox homeostasis. However, their functional mechanisms in plant immunity, particularly fruit disease resistance, remain unclear. Using strawberry <em>(Fragaria × ananassa</em>) as a model, this study identified mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α subunit encoding genes and functionally validated <em>FaPDHE1α</em>. The gene was rapidly induced (10-fold) by <em>Botrytis cinerea</em> infection and localized to mitochondria. Functional assays showed that <em>FaPDHE1α</em> overexpression markedly enhanced fruit resistance, whereas RNAi silencing increased susceptibility. Mechanistic analyses revealed that <em>FaPDHE1α</em> activation boosted glycolysis and the TCA cycle and strongly upregulated mitochondrial complex I genes nad3, nad6, and nad7 (47.1-, 23.3-, and 8.5-fold), thereby enhancing electron transport and establishing a controlled ROS signaling state that activated antioxidant and defense-related pathways. This study reveals a novel mechanism of mitochondrial-mediated fruit immunity regulation and provides a theoretical basis for physiological interventions against postharvest diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114099"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114092
Tong Li , Bi Liao , Wenjun Wang , Lili Deng , Jian Ming , Kaifang Zeng
Green mold caused by Penicillium digitatum is one of the most significant postharvest diseases of citrus. Through the isolation and purification of microorganisms from soil, leaf, and fruit surface samples in nine citrus-dominated orchards, 63 strains were successfully obtained, including 53 yeast strains belonging to 7 different genera. Subsequently, seven of the yeast strains tested in vivo effectively inhibited the development of green mold in citrus fruit, with Papiliotrema aurea exhibiting the most effective biocontrol efficacy. The safety evaluation of P. aurea demonstrated no detectable hemolytic effects or virulence against Galleria mellonella. In vitro and in vivo evaluations showed that the cell-free fermentation filtrate of P. aurea exhibited potent antifungal activity that significantly inhibited mycelial growth of P. digitatum and provided significant disease control. Notably, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by P. aurea significantly inhibited spore germination and mycelial growth of P. digitatum. Moreover, citrus fruit exposed to these VOCs showed significantly delayed green mold development during storage than their untreated counterparts. This study reveals P. aurea's multi-faceted antagonism against green mold, involving colonization capacity, secreted antifungals, and VOCs production, positioning it as a viable postharvest biocontrol agent.
{"title":"New application of Papiliotrema aurea: Isolation, biocontrol of postharvest green mold in citrus and antagonistic mechanisms","authors":"Tong Li , Bi Liao , Wenjun Wang , Lili Deng , Jian Ming , Kaifang Zeng","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Green mold caused by <em>Penicillium digitatum</em> is one of the most significant postharvest diseases of citrus. Through the isolation and purification of microorganisms from soil, leaf, and fruit surface samples in nine citrus-dominated orchards, 63 strains were successfully obtained, including 53 yeast strains belonging to 7 different genera. Subsequently, seven of the yeast strains tested <em>in vivo</em> effectively inhibited the development of green mold in citrus fruit, with <em>Papiliotrema aurea</em> exhibiting the most effective biocontrol efficacy. The safety evaluation of <em>P. aurea</em> demonstrated no detectable hemolytic effects or virulence against <em>Galleria mellonella</em>. <em>In vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> evaluations showed that the cell-free fermentation filtrate of <em>P. aurea</em> exhibited potent antifungal activity that significantly inhibited mycelial growth of <em>P. digitatum</em> and provided significant disease control. Notably, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by <em>P. aurea</em> significantly inhibited spore germination and mycelial growth of <em>P. digitatum</em>. Moreover, citrus fruit exposed to these VOCs showed significantly delayed green mold development during storage than their untreated counterparts. This study reveals <em>P. aurea</em>'s multi-faceted antagonism against green mold, involving colonization capacity, secreted antifungals, and VOCs production, positioning it as a viable postharvest biocontrol agent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114092"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114103
Xuezhen Guo , Charlotte J. Harbers , Hannelore E.J.M. Heuer , Qianxixi Min , Ying Liu , Ernst J. Woltering , Leo F.M. Marcelis , Ruud G.M. van der Sman
Accurately predicting the postharvest quality of fruits and vegetables (F&V) is a critical challenge for supply chain management and consumer satisfaction. Traditional knowledge-driven kinetic models have good interpretability but often struggle to account for diverse pre-storage and environmental factors, particularly for users without experience in kinetic modeling. In contrast, purely data-driven approaches, such as neural networks, require large datasets and are unable to leverage domain knowledge to improve data efficiency. In this study, we propose a conceptual framework for Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) that integrates domain knowledge with data-driven neural networks, providing a hybrid approach for F&V quality prediction. A decision tree is included to guide model selection based on dataset characteristics, the availability of prior knowledge, and prediction goals. As a proof of concept, we first conducted a study using synthetically generated quality decay data, demonstrating that incorporating kinetic knowledge directly into the neural network improves predictive accuracy and temporal extrapolation. Subsequently, a real-world case study predicting the overall visual quality (OVQ) of greenhouse tomatoes further confirmed the advantages of hybrid knowledge-data integration. Overall, this research demonstrates that SciML offers a third modeling alternative that balances data-driven flexibility and knowledge-driven interpretability. While not intended to replace traditional approaches, SciML can enrich the toolbox available to researchers and practitioners for F&V quality modeling and, more broadly, for food quality prediction. Human judgment remains essential in selecting and applying the appropriate SciML model to ensure an effective balance among prediction accuracy on limited datasets, knowledge incorporation for improved extrapolation, computational efficiency, and interpretability.
{"title":"A generic scientific machine learning framework for fruit and vegetable quality prediction","authors":"Xuezhen Guo , Charlotte J. Harbers , Hannelore E.J.M. Heuer , Qianxixi Min , Ying Liu , Ernst J. Woltering , Leo F.M. Marcelis , Ruud G.M. van der Sman","doi":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.postharvbio.2025.114103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurately predicting the postharvest quality of fruits and vegetables (F&V) is a critical challenge for supply chain management and consumer satisfaction. Traditional knowledge-driven kinetic models have good interpretability but often struggle to account for diverse pre-storage and environmental factors, particularly for users without experience in kinetic modeling. In contrast, purely data-driven approaches, such as neural networks, require large datasets and are unable to leverage domain knowledge to improve data efficiency. In this study, we propose a conceptual framework for Scientific Machine Learning (SciML) that integrates domain knowledge with data-driven neural networks, providing a hybrid approach for F&V quality prediction. A decision tree is included to guide model selection based on dataset characteristics, the availability of prior knowledge, and prediction goals. As a proof of concept, we first conducted a study using synthetically generated quality decay data, demonstrating that incorporating kinetic knowledge directly into the neural network improves predictive accuracy and temporal extrapolation. Subsequently, a real-world case study predicting the overall visual quality (OVQ) of greenhouse tomatoes further confirmed the advantages of hybrid knowledge-data integration. Overall, this research demonstrates that SciML offers a third modeling alternative that balances data-driven flexibility and knowledge-driven interpretability. While not intended to replace traditional approaches, SciML can enrich the toolbox available to researchers and practitioners for F&V quality modeling and, more broadly, for food quality prediction. Human judgment remains essential in selecting and applying the appropriate SciML model to ensure an effective balance among prediction accuracy on limited datasets, knowledge incorporation for improved extrapolation, computational efficiency, and interpretability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20328,"journal":{"name":"Postharvest Biology and Technology","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 114103"},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号