Polskie archiwum weterynaryjne最新文献

Quantitative changes in the developing liver of the pig embryo have been studied in the light microscope by stereological methods. Between days 18 and 112 of gestation the volumetric fraction of hepatocytes in the liver significantly increased and the volumetric fraction of blood vessels decreased. The haemopoietic cells reached the greater volumetric fraction about day 50 of gestation and thereafter their density declined. On the basis of the measurements of hepatic elements three different periods have been discerned. The first between days 18 and 39 when the differentiation of the liver takes place and the haematopoietic cells colonize it. The second is the period of intensive liver haematopoiesis between days 40 and 80. The third is from about day 80 to the birth when haematopoiesis declines and disappears and the volumetric fraction of hepatocytes significantly increases as a result of glycogen deposition.

The paper presents the description of the automatic devices for injections of anatomic preparations of the author's own construction. Subunits of the device, that is compressed air distribution control device and the anatomic preparations injection syringe were given the patterns protection law and copyright in Patent Office in Poland. The application of appropriately chosen pressure reduction valves of two operational ranges, makes it possible to determine the pressure head of the air pushing injection mass out of the syringe and to adjust it precisely in the range 1-100 kPa. The constructed injection device is reliable in operation and easy in service. It has already been rendered accessible to several angiological laboratories in Poland. The opinion given by the anatomists using this device is very favourable.

30 male minks were examined anatomically, histologically, and radiologically. It was found that penis bone constituted the always-present part of their penis. It was shown, on the grounds of both the X-ray and histological examinations, that there is the connective tissue basis for osteogenesis of penis bone closer ending.

The purpose of the paper is to determine the ability of direct influence of Haemophilus somnus on the bull sperms in vitro. The experiment was carried out on fresh semen of bulls of low-land black-and-white breed. During 3-hour exposure to H. somnus, the loss of progressive movement and increase in the number of dead sperms were observed. The adjacency of Haemophilus somnus to head, midpiece and flagellum was found out. H. somnus adjoins the sperms heads most frequently.

The studies of the morphology and development of the testicular artery in cattle have been carried out on 95 preparations--85 male fetuses from the 8-40th week of pregnancy and 10 neonates at the age of 1 to 14 days of life. The age of the fetuses has been determined by Kantorova method supplemented with the methods of other authors. The observations have been made using rubber latex introduced into the examined arteries by means of the automatic device of our own design. On the basis of the performed examinations the following generalizations, conclusions and nomenclature suggestions can be made: Testicular arteries in cattle, in most cases, develop from the last pair of mesonephric lumbar arteries (aa. mesonephridicae lumbales) in embryo and through a number of evolutionary changes in the course of development transform from the simple form characteristic of the youngest fetuses (8-10 weeks) into the form approximate in the new born animals to the final form typical of the adult cattle. The examined arteries were formed in the process of quantitative and qualitative transformations which occurred, both, in the main trunk of the testicular artery, and its permanent and temporary secondary branches. Transformations of this kind are typical of developmental changes which either become more prominent or disappear with age. The formation of the characteristic of sex and species shape of the testicular artery results from these transformations and is determined by the physiological and hemodynamic needs of the testicle and epididymis, which are supplied by that artery only. Taking into account the shape and topography of the testicular artery it is possible to distinguish the following three sections in its finally formed main trunk: 1) straight part (pars recta), 2) convoluted part (pars convoluta) and 3) marginal part (pars marginalis). Temporary branches such as uretral branch (ramus uretericus) and renal capsule branch (ramus capsularis renis) are derivatives of the straight part of the studied artery. From the convoluted part of the testicular artery there arise as permanent vessels--branch of the ductus deferens (ramus ductus deferentis) and epididymal branch (ramus epididymalis) and, additionally, as a temporary vessel--I order accessory testicular branch (ramus testicularis I ordinis accessorius). The marginal part of the testicular artery divides into two final branches of the examined vessel. i.e., medial and lateral testicular branches of I order. Further order derivatives of them enter parenchyma of the testicle and form within that organ its own blood circulation. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

98 staphylococci strains isolated from skin lesions of dogs were tested for their morphological, physiological and biochemical characteristics. These examinations have proved that the majority of the strains was Staphylococcus intermedius (n = 97), and only one was Staphylococcus aureus. The strains were also tested for their sensitivity to bacteriophages. Most of Staphylococcus intermedius strains (n = 75) could be typed with the set of human phages, typing staphylococci isolated from man. Two phages, 676 and Phi 131 have turned out to be highly active towards a large number of the isolates.

Four different methods for thyroid hormones concentration in various tissues have been compared. The methods involve homogenization, extraction with 95% ethanol and assay of iodothyronines by a highly sensitive RIA. The method described by Chopra et al. has been selected and used for further estimations as the most reliable and convenient for a continuous laboratory work. The T4 levels (means +/- SE) found in the liver, kidney and skeletal muscle were 22.49 +/- 2.19, 14.89 +/- 1.56 and 8.33 +/- 1.73 ng per g wet tissue. The T3 contents were 8.53 +/- 1.08, 9.52 +/- 0.69 and 4.90 +/- 0.76 ng per g wet tissue, respectively.

The investigation was conducted to determine the radioactivities of fodder mixtures and their components for poultry and swine. The total radioactivity, concentrations of potassium, potassium radioisotopes radium and thorium in 273 fodder mixture samples for poultry, 131 fodder mixture samples and concentrates for swine, and 915 component samples of the mixtures were estimated. The radioactivities of fodder mixtures for poultry, swine, and protein concentrates ranged from 212.0 (DKM-2) to 269.0 Bq/kg (DKA-starter), from 206.0 (PT-1) to 233.0 (PP-prestarter), and from 444.0 (KT-1) to 557.0 Bq/kg (Provit), respectively. As to the components of fodder mixture, the radioactivities ranged from 18.0 (fodder phosphate) to 1104.0 Bq/kg (fodder yeasts). The potassium concentrations in fodder mixtures for poultry ranged from 0.82 g/100 g (DKA-starter) to 0.62 g/100 g (KB-1); for swine ranged from 1.97 g/100 g (Provit) to 0.63 g/100 g (PT-1). The highest concentration of potassium was found in fodder yeasts (3.85 g/100 g), and the lowest one in fodder phosphate (0.01 g/100 g). The analysis of the data showed that the radioactivity of the mixtures and their components was mostly conditioned by radiopotassium and revealed correlations between the radioactivities and the total concentrations of potassium. The contamination with the natural radioelements (potassium, radium, thorium) as well as their limited absorption by the gastrointestinal tract, their metabolism in organism, and their radiotoxicological characteristics do not create radiological threat to animals.

Eighteen flocks of sheep were serologically tested for antibody to maedi-visna virus. A total of 4284 serum samples were tested by agar gel diffusion test and 1015 (24%) were found positive. Prevalence of infection increased with the age of sheep. Within age groups, the lowest prevalence was in the group at 1 year or less (7%) and gradually increased to the highest prevalence at 5 years of older (52%). A difference in prevalence of infection among breeds and sexes was seen but not proven because of inadequate numbers. All flocks tested were infected with a range of serological prevalence from 1.2% to 45.9%.

The results of 64 operations of cataract in dogs applying the operating microscope are presented in the paper. The dogs were divided into 4 groups according to the type of cataract: senile, symptomatic, diabetic and toxic. The lenses were removed with a ++cryo-extractor , Dexon and Vicryl were used for suturing. The evaluation of dogs' ability to see after cataract surgery was made on the basis of clinical examinations of vision, ophthalmoscopy and clinical tests. The results of microsurgical cryoextraction in dogs were positive as far as senile and symptomatic cataracts were concerned. No positive results were obtained in the case of diabetic cataract because of existing retinopathy and in toxic cataract where retinal atrophy caused by intoxication occurred. Cataract surgery does not lead to a complete return of vision since the eye is aphakic and hypermetropic. However, it permits the dog to use its sense of vision for orientation in the environment.