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Collected at the first hours (0, 6, 12, 24, 48) and days (3 and 5) of piglets life bone marrow was cultured (in vitro) during 48 and 72 hours in order to assess the efficiency of development and ability of isolated marrow cells to form erythroid colonies (CFU-E-Colony Forming Unit) and also to examine the erythroidal sensitivity to Ep addition. It was found that bone marrow of new born piglets shows high ability to form erythroid colonies (CFU-E), but low sensitivity to Ep (erythropoietin). The limited efficiency to form immature erythroid colonies following 12h as well as matured ones after 24h, has been also shown. Observed changes could be caused by the limited erythroidal cells sensitivity to Ep.

The study is a methodological survey to define the reference values for some basic haemostatic parameters in healthy dogs. Reference values for PT, APTT and factors VIII:C and IX:C were studied in 34 dogs. The reference values were (minimum-maximum) 6.5-9.5 and 17.5-26.3 seconds for PT and APTT, 58-260% and 67-163% for VIII:C and IX:C respectively and 185.8-354.4 x 10/1 for platelets. These reference values were applied to 130 other dogs which were presented to the clinic for various treatments or health checks. The results show how haemostatic analysis can be used to resolve delicate interpretation of laboratory results.

In the test carried out on 10 calves-bulls of c.b. breed, aged 20-23 days, the usefulness of the rate of antipyrine elimination from saliva to the assessment of pharmacokinetics of this substance, and consequently to the assessment of the rate of liver biotransformation in these animals, was defined. It was stated that volume of antipyrine (phenazone) distribution, half-life period and the clearance of liver defined on the basis of determination of the changes of phenazone concentration in plasma and saliva are not significantly different. It was proved that in the neonatal period in calves the antipyrine fraction connected with plasma protein does not exceed 3 percent of general phenazone concentration in the plasma. On the grounds of the results of the antipyrine test carried out a second time on 5 calves, the frequent recurrence of the parameters of antipyrine kinetics in the tested animals was proved. The results of the experimental show that on the basis of determination of the phenazone concentration in saliva it is possible to define the biotransforming liver activity of the microsomal monoxygenase connected with cytochrome P-450 in calves and total water content in the organism.

In the lymphocytes infected in vitro with BLV (bovine leukemia virus) the contents of Ca2+ and Mg2+ were determined using roentgen microanalyser JXA-5 A Joel-form (Japan). In the smears prepared from these cells the activity of enzyme markers of cell membranes i.e. alkaline phosphatase (AP - EC 3.1.3.1), 5'-nucleotidase (5'-NT - EC 3.1.3.5) and adenosine-triphosphatases - Ca2+ and Mg2+ dependent (ATP-ase - EC 3.6.1.3) was determined. The decrease in AP and ATP-assess activity and increase in 5'-NT in the membranes of leukemic lymphocytes were observed. During these changes the increase in Ca2+ and decrease in Mg2+ ions occurred. These processes lead to clear disturbances in the metabolism of cells transformed by the neoplasm. The effect of this phenomenon is probably the opening of calcium canals with the following cytoplasmatic hypercalcemia. It's very destructive for the change in permeability of the membrane of lymphocytes.

The changes in lipid composition of dog lung microsomes during Fe3+/NADPH-induced peroxidation and correlation between malondialdehyde production and polyunsaturated fatty acids consumption were investigated. It was shown, that microsomal peroxidation causes phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine content decrease, with concomitant increase in lysophosphoglyceride content. Malondialdehyde production intensity was correlated with arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid consumption. The changes thus observed, may be engaged in pathogenesis of respiratory distress syndrome.

The aim of this work was to study the effect of zinc added to feed on some selected biochemical and haematological indices and its stimulatory action on immunity of calves during its physiological decrease. Investigations were carried out on 18 calves aged 20 days. Twelve calves were divided into 2 groups and they received 450 and 900 mg of Zn++ under the form of ZnSO4 x 7H2O. The following parameters were examined: serum and tissue concentrations of Zn, Cu, Fe and Ca, number of erythrocytes and leucocytes, Hb and Ht indices, leukogram with shifting blood picture to the left, percentage of NBT-positive neutrophils, ability of macrophages for spontaneous migration and serum carotene, vitamin A and gamma-globulin levels. Increased serum and liver zinc levels were found in experimental animals in comparison with a control group and the ability of macrophages for spontaneous migration was increased. Index of shifting the white blood cells to young forms and the percentage of NBT-positive neutrophils were variable. A significant increase in carotene, vitamin A and gamma-globulin levels was also observed.

The experiments were conducted using 3 to 21 days old piglets. The content of animals stomach was supplemented with 0.18% HCl starting from the 3rd, 7th and 10th day of their life. The animals were dissected on the 4th, 7th and 11th day after HCl administration. The activity of trypsin, alpha-amylase and lipase was measured in homogenate from pancreas and duodenum and ileum contents. The presented results do not confirm the existence of significant differences between control and experimental animals.

The aim of this study was to investigate the platelet factor 3 activity in platelet-rich plasma of horse, cattle, sheep and pig, by the use of chromogenic tripeptide substrate H-D-Phenylalanyl-Pipecolyl-Arginyl-p-nitroanilide. Among species examined the highest activity of this factor was stated in pig, the lowest one in sheep. Chromogenic substrate test was 10 times more sensitive that Stypven clotting time test. Thus, the use of chromogenic tripeptide substrate is fully valuable in platelet factor 3 activity estimation in domestic animals.

Nine groups of sheep have been experimentally infected with different doses of BLV and by various routes. An immunological response of animals, as well as clinical symptoms of leukosis in the experimental sheep were investigated within several years or months. The animals inoculated with the virus showed appearance of BLV-antibodies in 94 per cent of cases, lymphocytosis in 47 per cent and clinical symptoms of the disease in 33 per cent. In conclusion, sheep have been demonstrated to be animals suitable for experimental study of leukosis.