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Proceedings of the II International Scientific-Practical Conference "Psychology of Extreme Professions" (ISPCPEP 2019)最新文献

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Professional personality strain markers in the staff of the criminal executive system of different departments 不同部门刑事执行系统工作人员职业人格紧张标记
Anna N. Zelyanina
The article analyzes the markers of professional personal deformation and describes the features of their manifestation in the staff of the penitentiary system with different content of professional tasks (department staff and employees who work directly with suspects, accused, convicted). It was attended by 70 employees (men) aged 22 to 49 years old. The study used the following psychodiagnostic methods: questionnaire "Professional (emotional) burnout (MBI)" adaptation N.Е. Vodopianova; W. Cook's hostility scale D. Medley; personal questionnaire G. Shmisheka; Methods of multilateral personality research in the modification of Berezin FB; Individually typological questionnaire (L. Sobchik), and also questioning. Frequency analysis of the answers of respondents obtained through the use of the author's questionnaire showed that the majority of employees use obscene expressions when communicating at work and can communicate roughly. Some employees consider it acceptable for them to use physical force and swear words in relation to the special contingent, to violate legal norms for the sake of their personal goals. Comparative analysis of the severity of professional personal deformation markers among the staff of the penitentiary system performing various professional tasks showed that the security department tends to reduce achievements (negative evaluation of its activities, its success, decrease in work motivation) more than the regime department. They are also less sensitive, sentimental, more suspicious, prone to cautious thinking about their own and other people's actions than the staff of the regime department. The department of the regime has less emotional coloring of behavior, their social contacts may differ in formality.
本文分析了职业人格变形的标志,描述了其在不同职业任务内容的监狱系统工作人员(部门工作人员和直接接触犯罪嫌疑人、被告人、被定罪人员的工作人员)中的表现特征。有70名员工(男性)参加,年龄在22岁至49岁之间。本研究采用以下心理诊断方法:问卷调查“职业(情绪)倦怠(MBI)”适应N.Е。Vodopianova;W. Cook的敌意量表;个人问卷G. Shmisheka;《Berezin FB》修改中的多边人格研究方法个体类型调查问卷(L. Sobchik),以及提问。通过使用作者的问卷,对被调查者的回答进行频率分析,发现大多数员工在工作中交流时使用淫秽的表达,可以进行粗略的交流。有些员工认为,为了实现个人目标,在与特种部队有关的问题上使用武力和骂人是可以接受的,违反法律规范也是可以接受的。对执行各种专业任务的监狱系统工作人员职业人格变形标记严重程度的对比分析表明,警卫部门比政权部门更倾向于降低成就(对其活动的负面评价,其成功,工作动机下降)。与政权部门的工作人员相比,他们也不那么敏感、多愁善感、多疑,倾向于谨慎地思考自己和他人的行为。政权部门的行为没有太多的情感色彩,他们的社会交往可能在形式上有所不同。
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引用次数: 0
Neurobiological preconditions of behavioural adaptive strategies under extreme conditions of activity 极端活动条件下行为适应策略的神经生物学前提条件
L. Deryagina
The aim of the work was to identify neurobiological preconditions of efficiency behavioural adaptive strategies of subjects under extreme conditions of activity. The research used an instrumental study technique of making decisions under conditions of choosing among several alternative reactions. Psychodiagnostic testing was performed using blank methods: MMPI (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory), Cattell's 16 PF (Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire). The most sensitive marker of activity in extreme conditions with a high degree of uncertainty according to a number of criteria: time, weakly determined by the method of achieving the result is accidental selection method. Maximum activity efficiency demonstrate subjects who use «repeated» and «repeated N times in a row» behavior strategies. Probably, the set of response options to a situation which a subject has in his/her memory allows subjects to perform tasks in the shortest time. Such behavioural strategy leads to a decrease in the level of uncertainty of the environment, which can effectively prevent the damaging effects of stress, change negative emotions to positive, to act as a non-specific motive for various forms of behavior.
这项工作的目的是确定在极端活动条件下受试者的效率行为适应策略的神经生物学前提条件。这项研究使用了一种工具研究技术,在几种可供选择的反应中进行选择。采用空白法进行心理诊断测试:MMPI(明尼苏达多相人格量表)、Cattell's 16pf(16人格因素问卷)。最敏感的活动标记在极端条件下具有高度的不确定性根据若干标准:时间,弱确定的方法实现的结果是偶然选择方法。最大活动效率展示了使用“重复”和“连续重复N次”行为策略的受试者。也许,对于一个被试记忆中的情境的一组反应选项可以让被试在最短的时间内完成任务。这种行为策略导致环境的不确定性水平下降,可以有效地防止压力的破坏性影响,将消极情绪转化为积极情绪,作为各种形式行为的非特定动机。
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引用次数: 0
Professional health and viability of EMERCOM employees EMERCOM员工的职业健康和生存能力
Lyudmila Stanovova, O. Zakharova
The article discusses with the professional health and vitality of rescuers of the Ministry of emergency situations. To this end, the study of professional health and vitality of rescuers of the Ministry of emergency situations through the study of their coping behavior, neuropsychological stability in stressful situations and psycho-emotional state was
文章从应急部救援人员的职业健康和活力两个方面进行了探讨。为此,通过对应急部救援人员应对行为、应激情境下神经心理稳定性和心理情绪状态的研究,对其职业健康活力进行研究
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引用次数: 0
Perception of Daily Stressors in Ambulance Personnel of Saint-Petersburg and Archangelsk 圣彼得堡和阿尔汉格尔斯克救护人员对日常应激源的感知
M. Petrash, E. Postnikova
The present research considers the structure of everyday stressors in Ambulance personnel of St. Petersburg and Archangelsk. The purpose of the study was to analyze severity of daily stressors in Ambulance personnel living in different regions. The sample included 192 first medical aid employees: 121 persons from St. Petersburg and 71 persons from Archangelsk. The following research methods were used: Inventory of Daily Stressors and Scale of Perceived Stress-10. The research results have revealed high prevalence of hassles in all spheres of life. The stressors in the "health" and "work/duties" spheres have been identified as dominant ones. The specific prevalence of stressors in Ambulance personnel has been described for the regions under review. The specific perception of daily stress in the Ambulance personnel from the presented regions has been explored. Keywords— Ambulance personnel, daily stress, perception of daily stress, overstrain, professional stressors
本研究考虑了圣彼得堡和阿尔汉格尔斯克救护人员的日常压力源结构。本研究的目的是分析不同地区救护人员日常应激源的严重程度。样本包括192名急救人员:121人来自圣彼得堡,71人来自阿尔汉格尔斯克。研究方法:每日压力源量表和压力-10量表。研究结果显示,在生活的各个领域,争吵都很普遍。"健康"和"工作/职责"领域的压力源已被确定为主要压力源。在审查的区域中,描述了救护车人员中压力源的具体流行情况。从提出地区的救护车人员的日常压力的具体感知已被探索。关键词:救护人员,日常压力,日常压力感知,过度紧张,专业压力源
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引用次数: 0
World ocean flight around the North Pole: Effects to pilots’ psychophysiological state 绕北极世界海洋飞行:对飞行员心理生理状态的影响
V. Serikov, O. At’kov, M. Rubtsov
In order to determine the main human body psychophysiological parameters, assisting to implementation of work during the flight in the Arctic region, there were carried out the assessment of some pilots’ psychological parameters before and after round-the-world oceanic flight around the North Pole on the Arctic Ocean. The data show the development of fatigue and general psycho-emotional stress after long term Arctic flight, which indicate some adaptability decrease, but are not critical to limit the professional duties performance after rest. The study indicates the pilots’ organism high adaptive capacity under the work extreme loads in the Arctic region. Keywords— psychophysiology, Arctic region, pilots, adaptation
为了确定主要的人体心理生理参数,协助在北极地区飞行期间的工作实施,对部分飞行员在北冰洋绕北极进行环球海洋飞行前后的心理参数进行了评估。研究结果显示,长期北极飞行后,飞行员出现了疲劳和一般心理情绪压力的发展,这表明适应性有所下降,但对休息后的职业职责表现并不是至关重要的。研究表明,飞行员机体在北极地区极端工作负荷下具有较高的适应能力。关键词:心理生理学,北极地区,飞行员,适应
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引用次数: 2
Professional selection as a scientifical-practical problem 职业选择是一个科学实践问题
V. Tolochek, V. V. Vilches-Nogerol
The aim of the research: historical-theoretical analysis of scientific foundation and practice of psychodiagnostic methodology application in solutions of the tasks of professional selection. Hereby, the complex of questions concerning the problem of professional selection (methodology and methods, techniques, procedures of organization and implementation of diagnostics, preservation and application of empirical data etc.) is discussed. The following hypothesis are brought forward: historically established theory and practice of professional selection don’t reflect the conditions and requirements of subject’s activity in a real environment of modern organizations; established theory and practice are not aligned with evolution of organizations (stages of their lifecycle, changes of internal and external environments); established theory and practice don’t reflect the trends of social objects’ evolution and are not aligned with real requirements of
研究目的:对心理诊断方法论在解决职业选择任务中的科学基础和实践进行历史理论分析。在此,讨论了有关专业选择问题的复杂问题(方法论和方法,技术,组织和实施诊断的程序,经验数据的保存和应用等)。提出了以下假设:历史上建立的专业选择理论和实践不能反映现代组织真实环境中主体活动的条件和要求;已建立的理论和实践与组织的演变(组织生命周期的各个阶段、内部和外部环境的变化)不一致;既有的理论和实践没有反映社会对象的演变趋势,也不符合社会的实际需要
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引用次数: 0
Psycho prophylaxis of professional deformation of internal affairs officers in the context of the competence approach 胜任力理论背景下内务人员职业变形的心理预防
N. Martirosova, A. Ksenofontov, A. Kalashnik
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引用次数: 0
Psychological risks for shift workers in the Far North and south of Russia 俄罗斯远北部和南部轮班工人的心理风险
Y. Korneeva, N. Simonova
The study was sponsored by the Russian President's grant for state support of young Russian scientists PhD (МК-6409.2018.6). Climaticgeographical, production and social factors place demands on the body of a shift worker, exceeding his reserves. This excludes the possibility of complete adaptation of the organism to these conditions and causes the presence of occupational health risks. It has been revealed that professional work by the shift method in the Far North contributes to the formation of unfavorable functional states and the development of destructive personal qualities of workers. They lead to a decrease in the level of mental health, productivity and efficiency of work. The reference to the risk-oriented approach is conditioned by the need to predict the professional efficiency of shift personnel. By psychological risks in professional activity, we mean the probability of the emergence of negative psychological conditions, properties and qualities that will impede its implementation. Management of psychological risks in professional work is possible through the change of objective working conditions (environmental resource) and attitudes towards the conditions for the performance of a professional task, the goals of performing professional activity and self-assessment of the possibilities for performing professional activities. The study involved 70 workers in shift work in the Arctic and 70 workers in shift work in the south of Russia. Methods of research are questioning, psychological and psychophysiological testing, observation. As a result of the study, differences in the psychological risks of shift workers in the northern and southern regions of Russia were identified. Developed and tested measures to reduce the psychological risks of these workers.
该研究由俄罗斯总统国家支持青年俄罗斯科学家博士资助(МК-6409.2018.6)。气候、地理、生产和社会因素对轮班工人的身体提出了超出其储备的要求。这排除了生物体完全适应这些条件的可能性,并导致存在职业健康风险。据揭示,在遥远的北方,轮班制的专业工作有助于形成不利的功能状态和工人破坏性个人品质的发展。它们导致心理健康水平、生产力和工作效率下降。对风险导向方法的参考是以预测轮班人员的专业效率为条件的。所谓职业活动中的心理风险,我们指的是出现阻碍其实施的消极心理状况、性质和品质的可能性。通过改变客观工作条件(环境资源)和对执行专业任务的条件的态度、执行专业活动的目标和对执行专业活动可能性的自我评估,可以对专业工作中的心理风险进行管理。这项研究涉及70名在北极轮班工作的工人和70名在俄罗斯南部轮班工作的工人。研究方法有提问、心理和心理生理测试、观察。研究结果表明,俄罗斯北部和南部地区轮班工人的心理风险存在差异。制定并测试了降低这些工人心理风险的措施。
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引用次数: 0
Dynamic control of functional condition as prevention’s technology of mental disadaptation transport’s workers 功能状态的动态控制:运输工人心理不适应的预防技术
Irina Barannik, S. Belyaeva
The algorithm of parameters calculation of two psycho-diagnostic systems is presented in the article. The aim is to compare the results of research on the dynamic control of functional condition of transport’s workers, the calculation of the individual average indication and individual norms that must be taken into account when making a conclusion. Dynamic control of functional condition is an effective technology for the prevention of mental adaptation breakdowns, which allows to prevent deterioration of workers health in time and as a consequence, the occurrence of emergency situations.
本文介绍了两种心理诊断系统的参数计算算法。目的是比较运输工人功能状态动态控制的研究成果、个体平均指标的计算以及在得出结论时必须考虑的个体规范。功能状态的动态控制是预防心理适应崩溃的一项有效技术,它可以及时防止工人健康恶化,从而防止紧急情况的发生。
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引用次数: 0
Attitude to health as a factor of accident-free truck drivers 对健康的态度是卡车司机无事故的一个因素
E. Rodionova, V. Dominiak, G. Nikiforov, Z. Dudchenko
The article discusses the factors related to health in connection with the accidents of truck drivers. The basis of the study of implicit attitudes towards health and disease lies in the model of orthogonal implicit attitudes. The study of longdistance drivers used the Double-Target IAT method (a modified version of the Single-Target IAT), based on a model of orthogonal implicit attitude. Keywords— Implicit attitudes to health, accident rate of drivers, type of injury
本文讨论了与卡车司机事故有关的健康因素。健康与疾病的内隐态度研究的基础是正交内隐态度模型。本文采用基于正交内隐姿态模型的双目标内测法(单目标内测法的改进版)对长途驾驶员进行研究。关键词:隐性健康态度,司机事故率,伤害类型
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Proceedings of the II International Scientific-Practical Conference "Psychology of Extreme Professions" (ISPCPEP 2019)
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