Pub Date : 2021-02-13DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130504
B. Sánchez-Toledano, J. Zegbe
Aims: Cactus pear cultivation for fruit production is under rainfed conditions, mainly. Hence, irrigation uses for this purpose is expensive in arid and semi-arid agricultural lands. The objective of this study was to derive agro-economic indicators associated with supplemental irrigation to improve fruit yield of commercial cactus pear cultivars grown in a semiarid agroecosystem of Mexico. Study Design: The irrigation treatments tested were fully irrigated (FI) and supplemental irrigation (SI), with non-irrigated as a control (NI). Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was set up at the Campo Experimental Zacatecas, Calera, Zacatecas, Mexico from 2011 to 2013. Methodology: Five-year-old cactus pear plants of ‘Cristalina’ (O. albicarpa Scheinvar; white-pulped fruit) and ‘Roja Lisa’ [O. ficus-indica (L.) Mill.; red-pulped fruit] were included. The experiment was conducted in a split-block design. There were three blocks; each included both cultivars, randomly allocated to each irrigation treatment. The response variables were: fruit yield (FY), cultivation costs (CC), gross return (GR), net return (NR), benefit-cost ratio (BC), irrigation use efficiency (IUE), Original Research Article Sánchez-Toledano and Zegbe; AJAEES, 39(1): 73-81, 2021; Article no.AJAEES.64734 74 gross water productivity (GWP), net water productivity (NWP), labor productivity (LP), break-evenpoint (BEP), and credit vulnerability (CV). Results: In all years but 2013, FI ‘Cristalina’ plants had the highest CC, reflected in their greater GR and NR; however, BC values were similar between SI and FI plants or greater in SI plants for 2013. Therefore, SI plants had the highest IUE, GWP, NWP, LP, EP, and equal or greater credit vulnerability than FI plants. The NI plants produced positive values for BEP and CV. The economic indices for ‘Roja Lisa’ were similar to those of ‘Cristalina’. Conclusion: The SI treatment produced the best agricultural economic indices and it is also a feasible water-saving irrigation strategy for cactus pear cultivation in semiarid agroecosystems worldwide.
{"title":"Economic Indices for the Application of Irrigation to Enhance Cactus Pear Fruit Yield","authors":"B. Sánchez-Toledano, J. Zegbe","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130504","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Cactus pear cultivation for fruit production is under rainfed conditions, mainly. Hence, irrigation uses for this purpose is expensive in arid and semi-arid agricultural lands. The objective of this study was to derive agro-economic indicators associated with supplemental irrigation to improve fruit yield of commercial cactus pear cultivars grown in a semiarid agroecosystem of Mexico. Study Design: The irrigation treatments tested were fully irrigated (FI) and supplemental irrigation (SI), with non-irrigated as a control (NI). Place and Duration of Study: The experiment was set up at the Campo Experimental Zacatecas, Calera, Zacatecas, Mexico from 2011 to 2013. Methodology: Five-year-old cactus pear plants of ‘Cristalina’ (O. albicarpa Scheinvar; white-pulped fruit) and ‘Roja Lisa’ [O. ficus-indica (L.) Mill.; red-pulped fruit] were included. The experiment was conducted in a split-block design. There were three blocks; each included both cultivars, randomly allocated to each irrigation treatment. The response variables were: fruit yield (FY), cultivation costs (CC), gross return (GR), net return (NR), benefit-cost ratio (BC), irrigation use efficiency (IUE), Original Research Article Sánchez-Toledano and Zegbe; AJAEES, 39(1): 73-81, 2021; Article no.AJAEES.64734 74 gross water productivity (GWP), net water productivity (NWP), labor productivity (LP), break-evenpoint (BEP), and credit vulnerability (CV). Results: In all years but 2013, FI ‘Cristalina’ plants had the highest CC, reflected in their greater GR and NR; however, BC values were similar between SI and FI plants or greater in SI plants for 2013. Therefore, SI plants had the highest IUE, GWP, NWP, LP, EP, and equal or greater credit vulnerability than FI plants. The NI plants produced positive values for BEP and CV. The economic indices for ‘Roja Lisa’ were similar to those of ‘Cristalina’. Conclusion: The SI treatment produced the best agricultural economic indices and it is also a feasible water-saving irrigation strategy for cactus pear cultivation in semiarid agroecosystems worldwide.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"107 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123244177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-13DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130505
A. Bitrus, H. Yakubu, T. Patrick, S. Stephen
This study examined the economics of rice production among beneficiaries of the anchor borrowers programme (ABP) in Gerie LGA of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Multistage random sampling was employed to select respondents for the study. Structured questionnaires were the instruments used for data collection. A sample of 85 farmers was used for the study. Percentages, means, frequency, maximum, minimum, budgetary techniques and stochastic frontier production function were the analytical tools employed. The results of the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents revealed that the majority (76%) of the farmers was headed by males; most (72.8%) were within the age range of 30 – 49 years and majority (90%) were married. Results from the budgetary techniques showed that the gross margin per hectare was ₦75,087.4 indicating production of rice among the farmers is profitable since the gross margin estimated has a positive value. The result also showed that mean economic efficiency (EE) recorded was 0.67 (67%), with maximum of 0.94 (94%) and a minimum EE of 0.34 (34%) indicating that the respondents are not fully economically efficient in rice production in the study area. The major constraints faced by rice farmers in the study area were identified among others to be inadequate credit, limited farm size and high cost of Original Research Article Bitrus et al.; AJAEES, 39(1): 82-95, 2021; Article no.AJAEES.64477 83 transportation. Finally, it was recommended among others that policies geared towards investment in credit, land tenue and means of transportation towards achieving effective production should be formulated.
{"title":"Economics of Rice Production among Beneficiaries of Anchor Borrowers Programme in Gerie Local Government Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Bitrus, H. Yakubu, T. Patrick, S. Stephen","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130505","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the economics of rice production among beneficiaries of the anchor borrowers programme (ABP) in Gerie LGA of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Multistage random sampling was employed to select respondents for the study. Structured questionnaires were the instruments used for data collection. A sample of 85 farmers was used for the study. Percentages, means, frequency, maximum, minimum, budgetary techniques and stochastic frontier production function were the analytical tools employed. The results of the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents revealed that the majority (76%) of the farmers was headed by males; most (72.8%) were within the age range of 30 – 49 years and majority (90%) were married. Results from the budgetary techniques showed that the gross margin per hectare was ₦75,087.4 indicating production of rice among the farmers is profitable since the gross margin estimated has a positive value. The result also showed that mean economic efficiency (EE) recorded was 0.67 (67%), with maximum of 0.94 (94%) and a minimum EE of 0.34 (34%) indicating that the respondents are not fully economically efficient in rice production in the study area. The major constraints faced by rice farmers in the study area were identified among others to be inadequate credit, limited farm size and high cost of Original Research Article Bitrus et al.; AJAEES, 39(1): 82-95, 2021; Article no.AJAEES.64477 83 transportation. Finally, it was recommended among others that policies geared towards investment in credit, land tenue and means of transportation towards achieving effective production should be formulated.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126806862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-10DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130500
K. Fatema, D. Sarker, J. Ahmed, Kausar Ahmed Majumder, Md. Faizul Kabir
This research was conducted to analyze the status of tea workers of selected areas of Bangladesh. Primary data were collected through direct interview and secondary data were also collected from different sources. A total of 100 tea workers were randomly selected from Ootterbhag and Indanugger tea estate of Moulvibazar. Descriptive statistics and functional analyses were employed to achieve the objectives of the research. Risk facing index, food security index, food consumption score were calculated and binary logistic regression were carried out to identify the factors affecting food security status. The study revealed that the life of tea workers in selected areas are vulnerable. Wages are not adequate to meet basic needs and the wage raises are not keeping pace with the cost of living. Considering 4.51 average family member the respondent family household is far below the international poverty line (1.90 US$). It was observed from the analysis that 52% sample respondents were illiterate. However, the maximum respondents also agreed that they faced various Original Research Article Fatema et al.; AJAEES, 39(1): 43-56, 2021; Article no.AJAEES.65075 44 psychological, mechanical and biological hazards. Household calorie availability or consumption behavior was revealed by food consumption score, which exemplified that 49% respondents are in borderline food consumption pattern while 5% and 46% are in poor and acceptable level respectively. The overall average daily per capita calorie intake by tea workers was observed to be 2076.3996 kilo calorie, which is lower than the national average of Bangladesh. Only 35% household were food secure based on calorie intake. Household was food insecure if number of dependent persons in family increases; food secure with increase in household monthly income; and household food security decreases with increase in household size.
{"title":"An Adrift Community in Mainstream Bangladesh: Case of Tea Workers","authors":"K. Fatema, D. Sarker, J. Ahmed, Kausar Ahmed Majumder, Md. Faizul Kabir","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130500","url":null,"abstract":"This research was conducted to analyze the status of tea workers of selected areas of Bangladesh. Primary data were collected through direct interview and secondary data were also collected from different sources. A total of 100 tea workers were randomly selected from Ootterbhag and Indanugger tea estate of Moulvibazar. Descriptive statistics and functional analyses were employed to achieve the objectives of the research. Risk facing index, food security index, food consumption score were calculated and binary logistic regression were carried out to identify the factors affecting food security status. The study revealed that the life of tea workers in selected areas are vulnerable. Wages are not adequate to meet basic needs and the wage raises are not keeping pace with the cost of living. Considering 4.51 average family member the respondent family household is far below the international poverty line (1.90 US$). It was observed from the analysis that 52% sample respondents were illiterate. However, the maximum respondents also agreed that they faced various Original Research Article Fatema et al.; AJAEES, 39(1): 43-56, 2021; Article no.AJAEES.65075 44 psychological, mechanical and biological hazards. Household calorie availability or consumption behavior was revealed by food consumption score, which exemplified that 49% respondents are in borderline food consumption pattern while 5% and 46% are in poor and acceptable level respectively. The overall average daily per capita calorie intake by tea workers was observed to be 2076.3996 kilo calorie, which is lower than the national average of Bangladesh. Only 35% household were food secure based on calorie intake. Household was food insecure if number of dependent persons in family increases; food secure with increase in household monthly income; and household food security decreases with increase in household size.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123025091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-20DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130499
Rael Lagat, D. Bunyatta, N. Rop
The aim of Community Agriculture Development Project in Semi-Arid Lands (CADSAL) in Kerio valley was to increase agricultural production in the project area and it used Community Participatory Extension (CPE) approach. A survey methodology was utilized in the study with target population of 480 small-scale farmers who interacted with the project in Kerio valley locations. The objective of the study was to determine and compare the level of performance between the CADSAL participants and non-CADSAL participants in knowledge acquired in NERICA technologies in Kerio Valley of Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya. A sample of 160 comprising 80 CADSAL-Participants and 80 Non-CADSAL participants was chosen using simple random sampling. A structured questionnaire was administered through personal interviews to the respondents at their homes. Descriptive statistics was used to compute percentages, means and standard deviations. Inferential statistics was used which included multiple linear regression and ttest to test the hypothesis at α = 0.05. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Original Research Article Lagat et al.; AJAEES, 39(1): 35-42, 2021; Article no.AJAEES.64686 36 SocialSciences (SPSS) Version 24.0. The result indicated positive acquisition of NERICA technologies by the community using community participatory extension approach. The t-test pvalue of less than 0.05 was achieved upon analysis of data which led to rejection of all the null hypothesis. This means further that community extension approach was key in enhancing the level of acquisition of technology by the farmers and hence extension agents need to utilize participatory approach. The study outcome therefore encourages Community participation in the projects meant to increase knowledge of food production in order to increase food production, accessibility and income both in productivity and diversity of production hence sustainability.
{"title":"Nerica Rice Technology Acquisition through Community Agriculture Development Project in Semi Arid Lands (CADSAL) of Kerio Valley, Kenya","authors":"Rael Lagat, D. Bunyatta, N. Rop","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130499","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of Community Agriculture Development Project in Semi-Arid Lands (CADSAL) in Kerio valley was to increase agricultural production in the project area and it used Community Participatory Extension (CPE) approach. A survey methodology was utilized in the study with target population of 480 small-scale farmers who interacted with the project in Kerio valley locations. The objective of the study was to determine and compare the level of performance between the CADSAL participants and non-CADSAL participants in knowledge acquired in NERICA technologies in Kerio Valley of Elgeyo Marakwet County, Kenya. A sample of 160 comprising 80 CADSAL-Participants and 80 Non-CADSAL participants was chosen using simple random sampling. A structured questionnaire was administered through personal interviews to the respondents at their homes. Descriptive statistics was used to compute percentages, means and standard deviations. Inferential statistics was used which included multiple linear regression and ttest to test the hypothesis at α = 0.05. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Original Research Article Lagat et al.; AJAEES, 39(1): 35-42, 2021; Article no.AJAEES.64686 36 SocialSciences (SPSS) Version 24.0. The result indicated positive acquisition of NERICA technologies by the community using community participatory extension approach. The t-test pvalue of less than 0.05 was achieved upon analysis of data which led to rejection of all the null hypothesis. This means further that community extension approach was key in enhancing the level of acquisition of technology by the farmers and hence extension agents need to utilize participatory approach. The study outcome therefore encourages Community participation in the projects meant to increase knowledge of food production in order to increase food production, accessibility and income both in productivity and diversity of production hence sustainability.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126278850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-11DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130497
Josphat K. Muigai, G. K. Gathungu, M. Thogori
Banana farmers in most parts of Kenya have not embraced value addition despite its accrued economic benefits and emphasis by stakeholders. A study was done in Chuka Sub-County, Tharaka Nithi County to identify the socio-economic factors affecting uptake of banana value addition by farmers. The study was based on the diffusion of innovations theory to establish the relationship between farming experience, group membership, access to credit and uptake of banana value addition. The study adopted a descriptive research design whereby frequency tables were generated whilst both qualitative and quantitative data was collected. The target population was 20,180 banana farming households in Chuka Sub-County and 3 key informants. Purposive sampling, Random sampling and snowballing techniques were used to select the 156 banana farmers. A pilot study of 24 (15% of sample size) households was done in Imenti South and the questionnaire was found to be reliable (Cronbach alpha value, α˂0.785). With a 90% questionnaire return rate, the data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 25 and presented using frequency Original Research Article Muigai et al.; AJAEES, 39(1): 22-34, 2021; Article no.AJAEES.63330 23 tables. Binary logistic regression was used to test the levels of significance of variables and the model through the Hosmer & Lemeshow test of the goodness of fit suggested that the it was good for fit to the data as p=0.480 (>0.05) while ANOVA analyses were used to check the presence of multicollinearity. It was observed that only 31.9% of farmers uptake banana value addition and there were no banana value addition technologies identified with 35.6% and 64.4% of those who uptake doing banana ripening for sale and bulk packaging respectively. The results [P=0.05] showed that group membership [p=0.019] and access to credit [p=0.004] had a positive and significant effect on the uptake of banana value addition by farmers at varying levels. It was observed that farming experience had a positive effect on the uptake, but was statistically insignificant. The study recommended that; farmers should be encouraged to form cooperatives on value addition and the government and other stakeholders in conjunction with financial institutions need to streamline policies to enhance farmer’s access credit for effective farming among others.
{"title":"Socio-economic Factors Affecting Uptake of Banana Value Addition among Smallholders in Chuka Sub-county, Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya","authors":"Josphat K. Muigai, G. K. Gathungu, M. Thogori","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130497","url":null,"abstract":"Banana farmers in most parts of Kenya have not embraced value addition despite its accrued economic benefits and emphasis by stakeholders. A study was done in Chuka Sub-County, Tharaka Nithi County to identify the socio-economic factors affecting uptake of banana value addition by farmers. The study was based on the diffusion of innovations theory to establish the relationship between farming experience, group membership, access to credit and uptake of banana value addition. The study adopted a descriptive research design whereby frequency tables were generated whilst both qualitative and quantitative data was collected. The target population was 20,180 banana farming households in Chuka Sub-County and 3 key informants. Purposive sampling, Random sampling and snowballing techniques were used to select the 156 banana farmers. A pilot study of 24 (15% of sample size) households was done in Imenti South and the questionnaire was found to be reliable (Cronbach alpha value, α˂0.785). With a 90% questionnaire return rate, the data collected was analyzed using SPSS version 25 and presented using frequency Original Research Article Muigai et al.; AJAEES, 39(1): 22-34, 2021; Article no.AJAEES.63330 23 tables. Binary logistic regression was used to test the levels of significance of variables and the model through the Hosmer & Lemeshow test of the goodness of fit suggested that the it was good for fit to the data as p=0.480 (>0.05) while ANOVA analyses were used to check the presence of multicollinearity. It was observed that only 31.9% of farmers uptake banana value addition and there were no banana value addition technologies identified with 35.6% and 64.4% of those who uptake doing banana ripening for sale and bulk packaging respectively. The results [P=0.05] showed that group membership [p=0.019] and access to credit [p=0.004] had a positive and significant effect on the uptake of banana value addition by farmers at varying levels. It was observed that farming experience had a positive effect on the uptake, but was statistically insignificant. The study recommended that; farmers should be encouraged to form cooperatives on value addition and the government and other stakeholders in conjunction with financial institutions need to streamline policies to enhance farmer’s access credit for effective farming among others.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128707700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-10DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130496
J. Adanguidi
The strong growth in demand for wood energy in Benin's major cities today represents a real threat to the preservation of forest ecosystems. The promotion of new alternatives such as the use of domestic gas as cooking energy could help to better cope with the adverse effects of climate change resulting from deforestation. The objective of this paper is to analyze the determinants of domestic gas use in Benin. To do so, we used data from 15,000 households collected during the Global Food Vulnerability and Security Analysis Survey of 2017. We then compared the prediction of household gas use determinants by Multilayer Perceptron Neural Networks (MLP) and classical Binary Logistic Regression (BLR). The two approaches have highlighted as important factors of the adoption of Domestic Gas in Benin, the residence department (here department of the Littoral) and the level of education. We also noted that the MLP highlighted more adoption factors than the BLR model (income, ethnicity, and number of wives of the household head). In order to increase the use of domestic gas on a large scale, the Government must put in place a policy that promotes the physical and financial accessibility (through subsidies) of the product to the large mass of the population in our cities which are still dependent on traditional energy sources such as wood fuel and charcoal in order to better protect our forest ecosystems in a sustainable manner. The Government could also strengthen the public-private partnership in this sub-sector by, for example, creating facilities for private economic operators through tax or customs exemption measures. Original Research Article Adanguidi; AJAEES, 39(1): 1-21, 2021; Article no.AJAEES.64924 2
{"title":"Factors Affecting the Use of Domestic Gas in Benin: A Comparative Study of Artificial Neural Networks and Logistic Regression","authors":"J. Adanguidi","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2021/V39I130496","url":null,"abstract":"The strong growth in demand for wood energy in Benin's major cities today represents a real threat to the preservation of forest ecosystems. The promotion of new alternatives such as the use of domestic gas as cooking energy could help to better cope with the adverse effects of climate change resulting from deforestation. The objective of this paper is to analyze the determinants of domestic gas use in Benin. To do so, we used data from 15,000 households collected during the Global Food Vulnerability and Security Analysis Survey of 2017. We then compared the prediction of household gas use determinants by Multilayer Perceptron Neural Networks (MLP) and classical Binary Logistic Regression (BLR). The two approaches have highlighted as important factors of the adoption of Domestic Gas in Benin, the residence department (here department of the Littoral) and the level of education. We also noted that the MLP highlighted more adoption factors than the BLR model (income, ethnicity, and number of wives of the household head). In order to increase the use of domestic gas on a large scale, the Government must put in place a policy that promotes the physical and financial accessibility (through subsidies) of the product to the large mass of the population in our cities which are still dependent on traditional energy sources such as wood fuel and charcoal in order to better protect our forest ecosystems in a sustainable manner. The Government could also strengthen the public-private partnership in this sub-sector by, for example, creating facilities for private economic operators through tax or customs exemption measures. Original Research Article Adanguidi; AJAEES, 39(1): 1-21, 2021; Article no.AJAEES.64924 2","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134371052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-05DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1130471
Ammadou Soule Alassane Manne, I. Moumouni, G. Nouatin, Honorat Edja, S. Vodouhe
Aims: This article aims to analyze the main factors that influence the performance of the governance of Producers' Organizations in the context of the Uniform Act of OHADA devoted to the Law on cooperative societies. Study Design: The case study is based on Village Cotton Producers Cooperatives (CVPCs). Governance performance of CVPCs referred to and has been measured through respectively quality of internal governance (administrative) and quality of services provided to members. Place and Duration of Study: The study has been carried out in the Department of Alibori, northern Benin Republic. Data collection period run from July to October 2019. Methodology: We included 242 CVPCs selected in the six municipalities in the Department of Original Research Article Manne et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 224-235, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64056 225 Alibori. Primary data relating to socio-economic characteristics (the size of the CVPC, the age, the proportion of women in group, profile of leaders), and governance parameters related to internal governance and the quality of services provided to members. Results: The results revealed that internal governance is generally poor and the quality of services provided to members is good. The proportion of women and the profile of leaders determine (bad) internal governance compared to good governance. The low profile of the leaders, the small size and the low proportion of women determine the quality of the services provided to members. The more the profile of leaders improves, the more likely it is to have good governance. On the other hand, the more the proportion of women in CVPCs increases, the more there is a chance of having bad internal governance rather than good governance. Conclusion: These results suggest that the lower or medium the profile of leaders, the poorer or average internal governance and services provided to members will be. A better combination of all these determinants will improve both the quality of internal governance and the services provided to members in a CVPC.
{"title":"Determinants of the Governance Performance of Producer Organizations: Case Study of Village Cotton Producers Cooperatives in Benin","authors":"Ammadou Soule Alassane Manne, I. Moumouni, G. Nouatin, Honorat Edja, S. Vodouhe","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1130471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1130471","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This article aims to analyze the main factors that influence the performance of the governance of Producers' Organizations in the context of the Uniform Act of OHADA devoted to the Law on cooperative societies. Study Design: The case study is based on Village Cotton Producers Cooperatives (CVPCs). Governance performance of CVPCs referred to and has been measured through respectively quality of internal governance (administrative) and quality of services provided to members. Place and Duration of Study: The study has been carried out in the Department of Alibori, northern Benin Republic. Data collection period run from July to October 2019. Methodology: We included 242 CVPCs selected in the six municipalities in the Department of Original Research Article Manne et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 224-235, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64056 225 Alibori. Primary data relating to socio-economic characteristics (the size of the CVPC, the age, the proportion of women in group, profile of leaders), and governance parameters related to internal governance and the quality of services provided to members. Results: The results revealed that internal governance is generally poor and the quality of services provided to members is good. The proportion of women and the profile of leaders determine (bad) internal governance compared to good governance. The low profile of the leaders, the small size and the low proportion of women determine the quality of the services provided to members. The more the profile of leaders improves, the more likely it is to have good governance. On the other hand, the more the proportion of women in CVPCs increases, the more there is a chance of having bad internal governance rather than good governance. Conclusion: These results suggest that the lower or medium the profile of leaders, the poorer or average internal governance and services provided to members will be. A better combination of all these determinants will improve both the quality of internal governance and the services provided to members in a CVPC.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"650 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134240574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230487
C. Vasanthi, J. G. Angadi
Market led extension is the market orientation of agriculture through extension, with a blend of economics, which aids in reaching the doorsteps of the farming community with the help of appropriate technologies. The present study was conducted with the objective of analyzing the constraints faced by the farmers in utilization of market led extension practices in grape, arecanut and maize crops. Ex-post-facto research design was used for carrying out the study. The study was conducted considering Uttara Kannada district for arecanut, Bagalkot and Vijayapura districts for grapes and Belagavi and Haveri districts for maize. The sample for the study was 240. The Garrett ranking technique was used to rank and analyze the constraints in utilization of market led extension practices as expressed by the farmers. The primary production constraint in all three crops was the higher cost of labour. Existence of numerous middlemen in the value chain was major marketing constraint in grapes, unstable market prices was major marketing constraint in arecanut and inadequate storage facilities which lead to distress sale was major marketing constraint in maize. The significant extension constraint was found to be lack of follow up activities by extension personnel in grapes and maize where as lack of credibility of online channels was significant extension constraint faced by arecanut growers. Original Research Article Vasanthi and Angadi; AJAEES, 38(12): 54-59, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64519 55
{"title":"Constraints in Utilization of Market Led Extension Practices by the Farmers","authors":"C. Vasanthi, J. G. Angadi","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230487","url":null,"abstract":"Market led extension is the market orientation of agriculture through extension, with a blend of economics, which aids in reaching the doorsteps of the farming community with the help of appropriate technologies. The present study was conducted with the objective of analyzing the constraints faced by the farmers in utilization of market led extension practices in grape, arecanut and maize crops. Ex-post-facto research design was used for carrying out the study. The study was conducted considering Uttara Kannada district for arecanut, Bagalkot and Vijayapura districts for grapes and Belagavi and Haveri districts for maize. The sample for the study was 240. The Garrett ranking technique was used to rank and analyze the constraints in utilization of market led extension practices as expressed by the farmers. The primary production constraint in all three crops was the higher cost of labour. Existence of numerous middlemen in the value chain was major marketing constraint in grapes, unstable market prices was major marketing constraint in arecanut and inadequate storage facilities which lead to distress sale was major marketing constraint in maize. The significant extension constraint was found to be lack of follow up activities by extension personnel in grapes and maize where as lack of credibility of online channels was significant extension constraint faced by arecanut growers. Original Research Article Vasanthi and Angadi; AJAEES, 38(12): 54-59, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64519 55","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116560801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230491
Pratima Rana, N. Bhardwaj
After independence the main agenda for development of society was poverty alleviation. 26.1% of the total population lives below poverty line. Sustainability and improvement in the life of rural people is the main agenda of all developmental programmes. During that time all the development programmes implemented by the government were unified into one self employment programme referred to as Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY). The Ministry of Rural Development was determined to restructure the continuing SGSY into National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM). The main strategy was to encourage women in rural households to be part of Self-Help Group. Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) was launched in June 2011. The constraints were the restrictions SHG women members face in performing various functions in the SHGs. For the study purpose the interview schedule was prepared, women member (n=280) and government officials (n=20) were asked about the various constraints being faced by them. Based on the findings of the study, various constraints were Administrative constraints (majority of the respondents reported less number of working staff as a major constraint), Social constraints (reluctance of the members to take leadership role was the main constraint reported by Original Research Article Rana and Bhardwaj; AJAEES, 38(12): 80-87, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64274 81 SHG members), Empowering constraints (lack of freedom to take decisions and lack of equal treatment were reported as the major constraints), Management constraints (lack of space was the major constraint) and marketing constraints (transportation problems and lack of market information were reported as the major constraints).
{"title":"Constraints Faced by Self-help Groups under Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihood Mission in Uttarakhand State","authors":"Pratima Rana, N. Bhardwaj","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230491","url":null,"abstract":"After independence the main agenda for development of society was poverty alleviation. 26.1% of the total population lives below poverty line. Sustainability and improvement in the life of rural people is the main agenda of all developmental programmes. During that time all the development programmes implemented by the government were unified into one self employment programme referred to as Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SGSY). The Ministry of Rural Development was determined to restructure the continuing SGSY into National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM). The main strategy was to encourage women in rural households to be part of Self-Help Group. Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) was launched in June 2011. The constraints were the restrictions SHG women members face in performing various functions in the SHGs. For the study purpose the interview schedule was prepared, women member (n=280) and government officials (n=20) were asked about the various constraints being faced by them. Based on the findings of the study, various constraints were Administrative constraints (majority of the respondents reported less number of working staff as a major constraint), Social constraints (reluctance of the members to take leadership role was the main constraint reported by Original Research Article Rana and Bhardwaj; AJAEES, 38(12): 80-87, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64274 81 SHG members), Empowering constraints (lack of freedom to take decisions and lack of equal treatment were reported as the major constraints), Management constraints (lack of space was the major constraint) and marketing constraints (transportation problems and lack of market information were reported as the major constraints).","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114167154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230508
V. Chandrasekar, S. Gopal, A. Vidhyavathi, C. Jayanthi, R. Sathy, N. Gopal
The Vembanad lake provides various provisional services which are directly used for consumption through various means like fishing, aquaculture, paddy cultivation, duck farming etc. In this study, the economic valuation of duck rearing activities practiced by the 30 sample households situated in around three districts bordering Vembanad lake namely Ernakulam, Alappuzha and Kottayam districts were used for the estimation. This study used to estimate the economic value generated by duck rearing using market price method was about INR 27.62 crores, out of which the value Short Research Article Chandrasekar et al.; AJAEES, 38(12): 156-161, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.65823 157 generated from the egg and duck (meat) was about INR 15.43 and INR 12.18 crores respectively. In the process of estimation used the variable from the sample household as such as number of ducks reared, egg produced annually and selling price of duck egg and meat in local markets.
{"title":"Economic Valuation of Backyard Duck Rearing in the Border Covering District Households of Vembanad Lake – Market Price Approach","authors":"V. Chandrasekar, S. Gopal, A. Vidhyavathi, C. Jayanthi, R. Sathy, N. Gopal","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230508","url":null,"abstract":"The Vembanad lake provides various provisional services which are directly used for consumption through various means like fishing, aquaculture, paddy cultivation, duck farming etc. In this study, the economic valuation of duck rearing activities practiced by the 30 sample households situated in around three districts bordering Vembanad lake namely Ernakulam, Alappuzha and Kottayam districts were used for the estimation. This study used to estimate the economic value generated by duck rearing using market price method was about INR 27.62 crores, out of which the value Short Research Article Chandrasekar et al.; AJAEES, 38(12): 156-161, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.65823 157 generated from the egg and duck (meat) was about INR 15.43 and INR 12.18 crores respectively. In the process of estimation used the variable from the sample household as such as number of ducks reared, egg produced annually and selling price of duck egg and meat in local markets.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129972438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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