Pub Date : 2020-12-04DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130453
J. Taku, R. N. Njoh, N. S. Meliki, F. A. Amungwa, I. Manu
Agriculture is important not only for its supply of food but also for its provision of raw materials. Cocoa is a lucrative cash crop grown in kumba, Meme Division of Cameroon. Given the importance of the crop to farm communities and the economy of Cameroon, agricultural extension has key roles to enhance production through information dissemination and adoption of innovations. This survey thus assess the role of agricultural extension in cocoa production and the livelihood of farmers in Meme Division. Through simple random sampling technique, 137 farmers were selected from the population of 210 registered cocoa farmers in the study area. A questionnaire made up of open and close ended questions was the instrument for primary data collection. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS and results revealed that 90% of the farmers were married men and 60% were of the age 35-49 years. Also, 74% of the respondents had been into cocoa farming for more Original Research Article Taku et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 58-65, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63085 59 than 10 years, signifying that their livelihood depend on it. A low level of education is observed with 55% of them attaining only primary education. Moreover, 64% are small farm holders with 68% acknowledging use of family labor for production activities. Results further show that agricultural extension plays an essential role in cocoa production as 92% affirmed that extension provided information, knowledge and technical skills for capacity building and empowerment using Farmers Field School (FFS) and Farmers Business School (FBS) approaches. To 96%, extension initiates diffusion and adoption of innovations and organizes credits and market linkages (87%). Another 89%, were confirmative that extension liaise projects under the Program for the Improvement of Competitiveness of Family Agro-Pastoral Farms (with French acronym ACEFA) to accompany the farmers. Conclusively, extension service delivery empowers and ensures livelihood of farmers.
{"title":"The Role of Agricultural Extension in Cocoa Production and Livelihood of Farmers in Meme Division, Cameroon","authors":"J. Taku, R. N. Njoh, N. S. Meliki, F. A. Amungwa, I. Manu","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130453","url":null,"abstract":"Agriculture is important not only for its supply of food but also for its provision of raw materials. Cocoa is a lucrative cash crop grown in kumba, Meme Division of Cameroon. Given the importance of the crop to farm communities and the economy of Cameroon, agricultural extension has key roles to enhance production through information dissemination and adoption of innovations. This survey thus assess the role of agricultural extension in cocoa production and the livelihood of farmers in Meme Division. Through simple random sampling technique, 137 farmers were selected from the population of 210 registered cocoa farmers in the study area. A questionnaire made up of open and close ended questions was the instrument for primary data collection. The collected data was analyzed using SPSS and results revealed that 90% of the farmers were married men and 60% were of the age 35-49 years. Also, 74% of the respondents had been into cocoa farming for more Original Research Article Taku et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 58-65, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63085 59 than 10 years, signifying that their livelihood depend on it. A low level of education is observed with 55% of them attaining only primary education. Moreover, 64% are small farm holders with 68% acknowledging use of family labor for production activities. Results further show that agricultural extension plays an essential role in cocoa production as 92% affirmed that extension provided information, knowledge and technical skills for capacity building and empowerment using Farmers Field School (FFS) and Farmers Business School (FBS) approaches. To 96%, extension initiates diffusion and adoption of innovations and organizes credits and market linkages (87%). Another 89%, were confirmative that extension liaise projects under the Program for the Improvement of Competitiveness of Family Agro-Pastoral Farms (with French acronym ACEFA) to accompany the farmers. Conclusively, extension service delivery empowers and ensures livelihood of farmers.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125610111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-02DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130450
K. Nandhuparkavi, S. Hemalatha, S. Moghana Lavanya, V. Anandhi
The purpose of the study is to analyze how the KCM (Kaleidoscope Career Modelconsists of Authenticity, Balance, Challenge) influence the transition in their career and also to identify the factor influencing for the job mobility. Survey data were collected through Google forms and mail from the input sectors. The Google forms send to the 260 respondents and data were collected from 110 respondents with full details. Correlation and Hierarchical regression were used to identify the factor for the job mobility. To identify the factor influencing the job mobility among the marketing professionals in input sector. In Kaleidoscopic career model, among the parameters which influence their career transition. The limitation in the study is selected particularly marketing professional in the input sector among various the various positions. Further depth analysis should be involved to identify the more factor their mobility. The organization able to understand the mindset of employees for their mobility to different organizations. It help to promote the organizations by means of providing benefits to the employees from the human resource polices and resource. Many studies had been conducted for career mobility of the employees among various sectors. However the academic research has conducted among the marketing professional in agribusiness sector. The study uses the framework of Kaleidoscope Career Model to analyze the mobility of the employees. It helps to us identify the factor for the career mobility. Original Research Article Nandhuparkavi et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 45-53, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63069 46
本研究的目的是分析KCM (Kaleidoscope Career model, Kaleidoscope Career model，由Authenticity、Balance、Challenge组成)如何影响他们的职业转型，并找出影响工作流动的因素。调查数据是通过谷歌表格和邮件从输入部门收集的。谷歌表单发送给260名受访者，并从110名受访者收集了详细信息的数据。运用相关回归和层次回归方法对影响工作流动性的因素进行了分析。探讨影响投入行业市场营销专业人员职业流动的因素。在万花筒职业模式中，影响其职业转型的参数。该研究的局限性是在各种不同的职位中选择了投入部门的营销专业人员。应该进行更深入的分析，以确定其流动性的更多因素。该组织能够了解员工的心态，为他们的流动到不同的组织。它通过人力资源政策和资源为员工提供福利来促进组织的发展。对雇员在不同部门之间的职业流动进行了许多研究。然而，在农业综合企业部门的营销专业人员中进行了学术研究。本研究采用万花筒职业生涯模型的框架来分析员工的流动性。它有助于我们确定职业流动性的因素。Nandhuparkavi et al.;生物工程学报，38(11):45-53,2020;文章no.AJAEES。63069年46
{"title":"An Application of Kaleidoscope Career Model among Marketing Professionals in Agribusiness Sectors","authors":"K. Nandhuparkavi, S. Hemalatha, S. Moghana Lavanya, V. Anandhi","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130450","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to analyze how the KCM (Kaleidoscope Career Modelconsists of Authenticity, Balance, Challenge) influence the transition in their career and also to identify the factor influencing for the job mobility. Survey data were collected through Google forms and mail from the input sectors. The Google forms send to the 260 respondents and data were collected from 110 respondents with full details. Correlation and Hierarchical regression were used to identify the factor for the job mobility. To identify the factor influencing the job mobility among the marketing professionals in input sector. In Kaleidoscopic career model, among the parameters which influence their career transition. The limitation in the study is selected particularly marketing professional in the input sector among various the various positions. Further depth analysis should be involved to identify the more factor their mobility. The organization able to understand the mindset of employees for their mobility to different organizations. It help to promote the organizations by means of providing benefits to the employees from the human resource polices and resource. Many studies had been conducted for career mobility of the employees among various sectors. However the academic research has conducted among the marketing professional in agribusiness sector. The study uses the framework of Kaleidoscope Career Model to analyze the mobility of the employees. It helps to us identify the factor for the career mobility. Original Research Article Nandhuparkavi et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 45-53, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63069 46","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115162567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-30DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130448
A. Bitrus, I. Sulumbe, Adamkolo Mohammed Ibrahim
Rice production in Nigeria has always been dominated by small scale farmers using traditional crude methods which are inefficient, resulting in low yield. Various measures have been taken by the government to improve rice production with the view of achieving self-sufficiency in rice production for consumption as well as export. Despite these measures, rice has not been sufficiently produced to meet the demand of the growing population in Adamawa State. So many problems might have contributed to this, which could be due to lack of adaptable rice varieties and low level of productivity of resources used by the rice farmers among others. Recently, the federal government introduced the anchor borrowers programme (ABP) with the goal of helping rice farmers to achieve desired output using improved production resources. This paper examined rice productivity and factors affecting rice farmers’ productivity among beneficiaries of anchor borrowers programme in Adamawa State, Nigeria. A multistage random sampling procedure was used in selecting the respondents. A structured questionnaire is administered to 139 farmers spread across 3 Local Government Areas to obtain information on farmer’s socio-economic variables, inputs used and output obtained in rice production. The objectives were analyzed using descriptive statistics, data Original Research Article Bitrus et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 34-44, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62676 35 envelopment analysis and OLS regression. The DEA result for level of productivity revealed that the average technical efficiency of 0.71, a minimum of 0.02 and a maximum of 1.0, indicating that the inefficient farmers could decrease their levels of input usage by 29% to produce the same levels of outputs to be at the same level with the frontier farmers. The results showed that the double log functional form gave the best line of fit. R 2 value was about 86% and statistically significant at 1% level. Seed (0.882), family labour (0.712), hired labour (0.109), herbicide (0.548), fertilizer (0.200) and land (0.211) were positively and significantly related to productivity at different probability levels. Based on the findings, the study concluded that the mean technical efficiency (productivity) score was 0.71 indicating a high level of productivity. The study also found that all the production factors used by rice farmers among anchor borrower’s beneficiaries had a positive influence on the productivity levels of the rice farmers. Hence, productivity among rice farmers depends largely on their production factors.
{"title":"Analysis of Rice Productivity among Beneficiaries of Anchor Borrowers Programme in Adamawa State, Nigeria: Data Envelopment Analysis Approach","authors":"A. Bitrus, I. Sulumbe, Adamkolo Mohammed Ibrahim","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130448","url":null,"abstract":"Rice production in Nigeria has always been dominated by small scale farmers using traditional crude methods which are inefficient, resulting in low yield. Various measures have been taken by the government to improve rice production with the view of achieving self-sufficiency in rice production for consumption as well as export. Despite these measures, rice has not been sufficiently produced to meet the demand of the growing population in Adamawa State. So many problems might have contributed to this, which could be due to lack of adaptable rice varieties and low level of productivity of resources used by the rice farmers among others. Recently, the federal government introduced the anchor borrowers programme (ABP) with the goal of helping rice farmers to achieve desired output using improved production resources. This paper examined rice productivity and factors affecting rice farmers’ productivity among beneficiaries of anchor borrowers programme in Adamawa State, Nigeria. A multistage random sampling procedure was used in selecting the respondents. A structured questionnaire is administered to 139 farmers spread across 3 Local Government Areas to obtain information on farmer’s socio-economic variables, inputs used and output obtained in rice production. The objectives were analyzed using descriptive statistics, data Original Research Article Bitrus et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 34-44, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62676 35 envelopment analysis and OLS regression. The DEA result for level of productivity revealed that the average technical efficiency of 0.71, a minimum of 0.02 and a maximum of 1.0, indicating that the inefficient farmers could decrease their levels of input usage by 29% to produce the same levels of outputs to be at the same level with the frontier farmers. The results showed that the double log functional form gave the best line of fit. R 2 value was about 86% and statistically significant at 1% level. Seed (0.882), family labour (0.712), hired labour (0.109), herbicide (0.548), fertilizer (0.200) and land (0.211) were positively and significantly related to productivity at different probability levels. Based on the findings, the study concluded that the mean technical efficiency (productivity) score was 0.71 indicating a high level of productivity. The study also found that all the production factors used by rice farmers among anchor borrower’s beneficiaries had a positive influence on the productivity levels of the rice farmers. Hence, productivity among rice farmers depends largely on their production factors.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123517117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-20DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130447
S. Jayasree, N. Sivaramane, P. Radhika, K. Supriya
Marketing strategy is a long-term business plan of any organization with the fundamental goal of achieving a sustainable competitive advantage by understanding the needs of customers. This study also evaluates the perception of dealers towards the market mix elements comprising product, price, promotion and place of the products and services of competing brands. The study is conducted in southern part of Telangana State constituting Jogulamba Gadwal, Mahabubnagar and Rangareddy districts. The data is collected through random sampling method covering dealers and number of farmers. Statistical tests like ANOVA, and tools like multidimensional scale were used in this study. The study revealed that most of the dealers are well educated, middle aged people with age group ranging between 30-40 years with the income of more than 7 lakhs per annum. The dealers data after the application of statistical tools revealed that strategies applied by Kaveri, Rasi and Original Research Article Jayasree et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 23-33, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62011 24 Nuziveedu are similar whereas the strategies applied by Tata Rallis and other brands like Ajith, Nidhi seeds are different from one another when the product, price, promotion and place elements are considered.
{"title":"Marketing Strategies of Leading Cotton Seed Companies in Telangana State","authors":"S. Jayasree, N. Sivaramane, P. Radhika, K. Supriya","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130447","url":null,"abstract":"Marketing strategy is a long-term business plan of any organization with the fundamental goal of achieving a sustainable competitive advantage by understanding the needs of customers. This study also evaluates the perception of dealers towards the market mix elements comprising product, price, promotion and place of the products and services of competing brands. The study is conducted in southern part of Telangana State constituting Jogulamba Gadwal, Mahabubnagar and Rangareddy districts. The data is collected through random sampling method covering dealers and number of farmers. Statistical tests like ANOVA, and tools like multidimensional scale were used in this study. The study revealed that most of the dealers are well educated, middle aged people with age group ranging between 30-40 years with the income of more than 7 lakhs per annum. The dealers data after the application of statistical tools revealed that strategies applied by Kaveri, Rasi and Original Research Article Jayasree et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 23-33, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62011 24 Nuziveedu are similar whereas the strategies applied by Tata Rallis and other brands like Ajith, Nidhi seeds are different from one another when the product, price, promotion and place elements are considered.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124382359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-19DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130446
G. Sunandini, K. Suhasini, I. S. Devi
In the present paper an attempt has been made to examine the role of women in Andhra Pradesh Agriculture especially in natural resource management. The study focused on studying participation of women in crop management, wage discrimination, ownership, access to economic resources and economic decision making and natural resources management at micro level and macro level. The study revealed that about 22% of cost of cultivation and 56% of the labour cost is incurred towards female labour accounting to Rs 3424 out of cost of cultivation Rs. 19725/ha in case of paddy cultivation. The economic value of women’s participation was accounting to be Rs. 2558 of the total cost of cultivation (Rs. 13567/per ha) of sorghum. There was a glaring difference in wage rates revealing discrimination between men and women wage rates. The year to year (y-t-y) wage difference was only 12.73 during 2000-01 a decade ago, later grew to 35.13 during 2010-11. The Original Research Article Sunandini et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 15-22, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62824 16 lower wage rates to women were because female labour is available in plenty than male labour. Policy initiatives such as identify women as a key player in NRM both at micro and macro level, when the Govt. distributes surplus land, it has to consider the possibility of transferring the ownership of land to women encourage leasing out fallow land for cultivation of food crops through women SHGs, train the tribal women on how to make use of NFTP and other MFP without disturbing forest cover.
在本文中，试图审查妇女在安得拉邦农业，特别是在自然资源管理方面的作用。这项研究的重点是在微观和宏观两级研究妇女参与作物管理、工资歧视、所有权、获得经济资源和经济决策以及自然资源管理的情况。研究显示，大约22%的种植成本和56%的劳动力成本发生在女性劳动力身上，在水稻种植的种植成本中，女性劳动力占3424卢比，而水稻种植的成本为每公顷19725卢比。妇女参与的经济价值占高粱种植总成本的2558卢比(每公顷13567卢比)。工资率的显著差异表明男女工资率存在歧视。十年前，2000-01年度的年工资差距(y-t-y)仅为12.73，后来在2010-11年度增长到35.13。原研究论文Sunandini et al.;生物工程学报，38(11):15-22,2020;文章no.AJAEES。62824 . 16妇女的工资率较低是因为女性劳动力比男性劳动力多。政策举措，如在微观和宏观层面将妇女确定为森林资源管理的关键参与者，当政府分配剩余土地时，必须考虑将土地所有权转让给妇女的可能性，鼓励通过妇女SHGs出租休耕土地种植粮食作物，培训部落妇女如何在不影响森林覆盖的情况下利用森林资源管理和其他MFP。
{"title":"Women in Agriculture and Natural Resource Management (NRM) in Andhra Pradesh –A Status Report","authors":"G. Sunandini, K. Suhasini, I. S. Devi","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130446","url":null,"abstract":"In the present paper an attempt has been made to examine the role of women in Andhra Pradesh Agriculture especially in natural resource management. The study focused on studying participation of women in crop management, wage discrimination, ownership, access to economic resources and economic decision making and natural resources management at micro level and macro level. The study revealed that about 22% of cost of cultivation and 56% of the labour cost is incurred towards female labour accounting to Rs 3424 out of cost of cultivation Rs. 19725/ha in case of paddy cultivation. The economic value of women’s participation was accounting to be Rs. 2558 of the total cost of cultivation (Rs. 13567/per ha) of sorghum. There was a glaring difference in wage rates revealing discrimination between men and women wage rates. The year to year (y-t-y) wage difference was only 12.73 during 2000-01 a decade ago, later grew to 35.13 during 2010-11. The Original Research Article Sunandini et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 15-22, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62824 16 lower wage rates to women were because female labour is available in plenty than male labour. Policy initiatives such as identify women as a key player in NRM both at micro and macro level, when the Govt. distributes surplus land, it has to consider the possibility of transferring the ownership of land to women encourage leasing out fallow land for cultivation of food crops through women SHGs, train the tribal women on how to make use of NFTP and other MFP without disturbing forest cover.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134167281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-17DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130445
Aparajita Badhan, Moriom Akter Mousumi
Sunflower cultivation is a profitable enterprise to the farmers, but in the coastal part of Bangladesh sunflower is a new crop for the Rabi season. The present study was conducted to determine the socio-economic characteristics of the sunflower growers and to identify the problems facing from production to marketing in Barguna district. The study was conducted in coastal belt of Barguna district from where 100 samples were randomly collected. Descriptive statistical method was used for the analysis. The results revealed that seed, labor, irrigation and marketing of sunflower oil were top of the problems faced by the sunflower growers. Ranking of the specific problems showed that high charge of labor ranked first, salinity problem ranked second, stem rot ranked third, low market price than production cost ranked forth, training ranked fifth, high price of seed ranked sixth. Irrigation machinery, proper marketing facilities, reducing price of seed, appropriate training programs, setting up oil processing mill are the necessary solutions to overcome sunflower cultivation problems.
{"title":"Farmers’ Problems Associated with Cultivation of Sunflower: A Case Study of Barguna District, Bangladesh","authors":"Aparajita Badhan, Moriom Akter Mousumi","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130445","url":null,"abstract":"Sunflower cultivation is a profitable enterprise to the farmers, but in the coastal part of Bangladesh sunflower is a new crop for the Rabi season. The present study was conducted to determine the socio-economic characteristics of the sunflower growers and to identify the problems facing from production to marketing in Barguna district. The study was conducted in coastal belt of Barguna district from where 100 samples were randomly collected. Descriptive statistical method was used for the analysis. The results revealed that seed, labor, irrigation and marketing of sunflower oil were top of the problems faced by the sunflower growers. Ranking of the specific problems showed that high charge of labor ranked first, salinity problem ranked second, stem rot ranked third, low market price than production cost ranked forth, training ranked fifth, high price of seed ranked sixth. Irrigation machinery, proper marketing facilities, reducing price of seed, appropriate training programs, setting up oil processing mill are the necessary solutions to overcome sunflower cultivation problems.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131480799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-17DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130444
B. Babasanya, M. O. Akinola, N. M. Saddiq, O. Ojeleye, M. Usman, L. Ganiyu, M. Olorukooba
Opportunities to share and providing access to agricultural information at a much faster pace to a wider audience through a variety of user-friendly platforms can be achieved through the use of social media. This study investigated use of social media platforms among extension professionals in Southwest, Nigeria. Two hundred and five respondents were selected through multistage sampling and used for the study. The findings revealed that majority of respondents were between 36 and 50 years, 52.2% were male, 39.5% had B.Sc, 22.9% had HND, 15.1% had PGD, 12.2% had Ph.D and 10.2% had M,Sc/M.Phil, Over half (58%) of respondents had moderate awareness on use of WhatsApp for extension service delivery. Results of regression analysis showed positive and significant influence of performance expectancy (β=.199, p<.05), effort expectancy (β=.170, Original Research Article Babasanya et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 1-7, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62238 2 p<.05) and social influence (β=.139, p<.05) on use of social media platforms. From the result of the study, it was found that performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence were predictors of social media use, and recommended that in the use of social media for extension service delivery, these factors should be given attention in the study area.
{"title":"Determinants of Use of Social Media Platforms among Extension Professionals in Southwest, Nigeria","authors":"B. Babasanya, M. O. Akinola, N. M. Saddiq, O. Ojeleye, M. Usman, L. Ganiyu, M. Olorukooba","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1130444","url":null,"abstract":"Opportunities to share and providing access to agricultural information at a much faster pace to a wider audience through a variety of user-friendly platforms can be achieved through the use of social media. This study investigated use of social media platforms among extension professionals in Southwest, Nigeria. Two hundred and five respondents were selected through multistage sampling and used for the study. The findings revealed that majority of respondents were between 36 and 50 years, 52.2% were male, 39.5% had B.Sc, 22.9% had HND, 15.1% had PGD, 12.2% had Ph.D and 10.2% had M,Sc/M.Phil, Over half (58%) of respondents had moderate awareness on use of WhatsApp for extension service delivery. Results of regression analysis showed positive and significant influence of performance expectancy (β=.199, p<.05), effort expectancy (β=.170, Original Research Article Babasanya et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 1-7, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62238 2 p<.05) and social influence (β=.139, p<.05) on use of social media platforms. From the result of the study, it was found that performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence were predictors of social media use, and recommended that in the use of social media for extension service delivery, these factors should be given attention in the study area.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130134556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-14DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1030443
M. Devi, I. Kaleel, K. Chaitanya, Deepika, B. Srinu, A. Chaitanya, G. Swathi
Precision farming is the technique of applying the right amount of input (fertilizer, pesticide, water etc.) at the right location at the right time to enhance production, decrease input and/or protect the environment, Site-Specific Crop Management (SSCM), Farming by-the-foot, Farming soils and not fields, Prescription farming, Environmentally-friendly farming & Information-based crop production. Thus, precision farming is an appealing concept and its principles quite naturally lead to the expectation that farming inputs can be used more effectively, with subsequent improvements in profits and environmentally less burdensome production. The precision farming developments of today can provide the technology for the environment friendly agriculture of tomorrow. Especially in the case of small farmers in developing countries like India, precision farming holds the promise of substantial yield improvement with minimal external input use. In order to achieve optimal production with less inputs, Precision Farming Development Centre (PFDC), Hyderabad, Telangana, India, plays important role in Precision farming by reaching local farmers to introduce Original Research Article Uma Devi et al.; AJAEES, 38(10): 167-177, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.60791 168 precision farming techniques. PFDC Hyderabad attracts local farmers with tailor made annual action plans which includes both research and extension part. This study shows how PFDC Hyderabad uplifts both financial and social status of local farmers by introducing them to Precision Farming.
{"title":"Precision Farming Development Centre Hyderabad: The Boon for Local Farmers","authors":"M. Devi, I. Kaleel, K. Chaitanya, Deepika, B. Srinu, A. Chaitanya, G. Swathi","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1030443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1030443","url":null,"abstract":"Precision farming is the technique of applying the right amount of input (fertilizer, pesticide, water etc.) at the right location at the right time to enhance production, decrease input and/or protect the environment, Site-Specific Crop Management (SSCM), Farming by-the-foot, Farming soils and not fields, Prescription farming, Environmentally-friendly farming & Information-based crop production. Thus, precision farming is an appealing concept and its principles quite naturally lead to the expectation that farming inputs can be used more effectively, with subsequent improvements in profits and environmentally less burdensome production. The precision farming developments of today can provide the technology for the environment friendly agriculture of tomorrow. Especially in the case of small farmers in developing countries like India, precision farming holds the promise of substantial yield improvement with minimal external input use. In order to achieve optimal production with less inputs, Precision Farming Development Centre (PFDC), Hyderabad, Telangana, India, plays important role in Precision farming by reaching local farmers to introduce Original Research Article Uma Devi et al.; AJAEES, 38(10): 167-177, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.60791 168 precision farming techniques. PFDC Hyderabad attracts local farmers with tailor made annual action plans which includes both research and extension part. This study shows how PFDC Hyderabad uplifts both financial and social status of local farmers by introducing them to Precision Farming.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133701912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-14DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1030441
I. Ghani
Mother is a main caretaker of their children particularly during the first three to six years of life when they are at the risk of being undernourished. How well she takes care of her children to keep them healthy will depend upon the level of her knowledge regarding childcare and nutrition and various associated factors. As such this study was planned to assess and enhance the extent of knowledge among women beneficiaries of ICDS (Integrated child development Service Scheme) centers of district Budgam of Kashmir region. With an intension to surpass and facilitate the knowledge of women beneficiaries this study was taken up with a sample of 600 registered women beneficiaries of AWCs (Anganwadi centers) out of which 150 were nursing mothers, (NM) 150 were pregnant women (PW) and 300 were mothers of child beneficiaries (MCB having children in the age group 6 months-3years. The tool used for assessing the knowledge level was a self-devised rating scale designed to measure the nutritional knowledge related to importance of different kinds (variety) of foods for adequate/ optimal growth and development of a child. Further, in order to divide the levels of nutritional knowledge as, low, medium and high, Quartiles were calculated. In this way the Original Research Article Ghani; AJAEES, 38(10): 148-155, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.61932 149 mothers having low level of knowledge (Q1) those who scored up to 4, medium (Q2) whereas, sample women who scored between 5-6 and high level of knowledge (Q3) scored as ≥ 7.The statements were so arranged that a positive answer was specified under score of 1, whereas, a negative statement was granted a score of 0 . The scores of positive responses were summed up and the level of knowledge of women beneficiaries was ascertained, a statistically significant variation is observed in levels of nutritional knowledge as per educational qualification and income group among the respondents. It is also seen that respondents from block B.K.Pora and Nagam blocks are having high level of nutritional knowledge in comparison to block Budgam and Chadoora. Among the groups, MCB are having higher level of knowledge in comparison to NM and PW. No significant variation in the levels of nutritional knowledge is seen as per age. It is quite obvious from the study that education of mothers is directly related to knowledge. Educated mother are more knowledgeable than functionally literate mothers.
{"title":"A Study to Analyse the Knowledge Level of Women Beneficiaries of Anganwadi Centres (AWC) Regarding Nutrition in District Budgam of Kashmir Region","authors":"I. Ghani","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1030441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1030441","url":null,"abstract":"Mother is a main caretaker of their children particularly during the first three to six years of life when they are at the risk of being undernourished. How well she takes care of her children to keep them healthy will depend upon the level of her knowledge regarding childcare and nutrition and various associated factors. As such this study was planned to assess and enhance the extent of knowledge among women beneficiaries of ICDS (Integrated child development Service Scheme) centers of district Budgam of Kashmir region. With an intension to surpass and facilitate the knowledge of women beneficiaries this study was taken up with a sample of 600 registered women beneficiaries of AWCs (Anganwadi centers) out of which 150 were nursing mothers, (NM) 150 were pregnant women (PW) and 300 were mothers of child beneficiaries (MCB having children in the age group 6 months-3years. The tool used for assessing the knowledge level was a self-devised rating scale designed to measure the nutritional knowledge related to importance of different kinds (variety) of foods for adequate/ optimal growth and development of a child. Further, in order to divide the levels of nutritional knowledge as, low, medium and high, Quartiles were calculated. In this way the Original Research Article Ghani; AJAEES, 38(10): 148-155, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.61932 149 mothers having low level of knowledge (Q1) those who scored up to 4, medium (Q2) whereas, sample women who scored between 5-6 and high level of knowledge (Q3) scored as ≥ 7.The statements were so arranged that a positive answer was specified under score of 1, whereas, a negative statement was granted a score of 0 . The scores of positive responses were summed up and the level of knowledge of women beneficiaries was ascertained, a statistically significant variation is observed in levels of nutritional knowledge as per educational qualification and income group among the respondents. It is also seen that respondents from block B.K.Pora and Nagam blocks are having high level of nutritional knowledge in comparison to block Budgam and Chadoora. Among the groups, MCB are having higher level of knowledge in comparison to NM and PW. No significant variation in the levels of nutritional knowledge is seen as per age. It is quite obvious from the study that education of mothers is directly related to knowledge. Educated mother are more knowledgeable than functionally literate mothers.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124948153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-14DOI: 10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1030442
Jacktone Achola Yala, J. Onono, W. Ogara, G. Ouma, S. Okuthe
Climate change and variability has direct and indirect effects on pastoralism through its effect on natural resources including water and pastures that support livestock production in pastoral areas. This study was conducted in Kajiado County where pastoralism is the main source of livelihood. The objective was to identify challenges facing pastoralism and adaptation measures applied by Maasai pastoralists to mitigate impacts of adverse climate events including flooding and drought. A cross-sectional study design was used and primary data collected through focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews (KIIs) and expert opinion interviews (EOIs). A total of 10 FGDs Original Research Article Yala et al.; AJAEES, 38(10): 156-166, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62911 157 (114 respondents within 10 wards, out of which 81 were men and 33 women), 25 KIIs (6 opinion leaders, 5 village elders, 6 chiefs, 6 government staff and 2 non-governmental organisation) and 12 EOIs (1 Department of Meteorological Services, 1 National Drought Management Authority (NDMA), 2 Department of Agriculture and 8 Departments of Veterinary Services and Livestock Production) were conducted during the data collection period. The findings showed that drought and flooding were the main climate related challenges that were often experienced by the pastoralists. The adaptation measure which were frequently implemented by pastoralist during flooding was livestock vaccination and mass treatment of sick livestock (Z >1.96) while the most frequently implemented adaptation measures during drought periods included migration with livestock to search for water and pasture (Z=1.51) and livestock vaccination and treatment of sick livestock (Z=1.08). Other climate variability related-challenges included increased incidences of livestock diseases, increased livestock deaths, increased cases of community conflicts, unavailability of veterinary vaccines and medicines, high cost of livestock vaccines and drugs and inadequate number of technical staff within the county. The study has shown that climate variability has significant impact on sources of livelihood for pastoralists who in turn are implementing several adaptation measures to mitigate the effects of climate change and variability. The study recommends formulation and implementation of appropriate plans and policies that are focussed on supporting resilience of the vulnerable pastoral communities and that could further assist in fighting the negative impacts of climate change and variability.
气候变化和变率通过影响牧区支持畜牧生产的水和牧场等自然资源，对畜牧业产生直接和间接影响。本研究在以畜牧业为主要生计来源的平民县进行。目的是确定畜牧业面临的挑战以及马赛牧民为减轻包括洪水和干旱在内的不利气候事件的影响而采取的适应措施。采用了横断面研究设计，并通过焦点小组讨论(fgd)、关键信息提供者访谈(KIIs)和专家意见访谈(EOIs)收集了主要数据。共计10篇fgd原创研究文章Yala et al.;生物工程学报，38(10):156-166,2020;文章no.AJAEES。在数据收集期间，进行了6291157(10个区内114名受访者，其中81名男性和33名女性)、25个kii(6名意见领袖、5名村长老、6名酋长、6名政府工作人员和2个非政府组织)和12个eoi(1个气象部门、1个国家干旱管理局(NDMA)、2个农业部和8个兽医服务和畜牧生产部门)。研究结果表明，干旱和洪水是牧民经常遇到的主要气候相关挑战。洪涝期牧民最常采取的适应措施是牲畜接种疫苗和大量治疗病畜(Z >1.96)，干旱期牧民最常采取的适应措施是牲畜迁徙寻找水源和牧场(Z=1.51)和牲畜接种疫苗和治疗病畜(Z=1.08)。与气候变率有关的其他挑战包括牲畜疾病发病率增加、牲畜死亡人数增加、社区冲突案件增加、兽医疫苗和药物供应不足、牲畜疫苗和药物价格高昂以及国家内技术人员数量不足。该研究表明，气候变率对牧民的生计来源产生了重大影响，牧民正在实施若干适应措施，以减轻气候变化和变率的影响。该研究建议制定和实施适当的计划和政策，重点是支持脆弱的牧民社区的恢复能力，并进一步帮助应对气候变化和变异的负面影响。
{"title":"Adaptation Measures to Mitigate the Impacts of Climate Variability among Pastoralists in Kajiado, Kenya","authors":"Jacktone Achola Yala, J. Onono, W. Ogara, G. Ouma, S. Okuthe","doi":"10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1030442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2020/v38i1030442","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change and variability has direct and indirect effects on pastoralism through its effect on natural resources including water and pastures that support livestock production in pastoral areas. This study was conducted in Kajiado County where pastoralism is the main source of livelihood. The objective was to identify challenges facing pastoralism and adaptation measures applied by Maasai pastoralists to mitigate impacts of adverse climate events including flooding and drought. A cross-sectional study design was used and primary data collected through focus group discussions (FGDs), key informant interviews (KIIs) and expert opinion interviews (EOIs). A total of 10 FGDs Original Research Article Yala et al.; AJAEES, 38(10): 156-166, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62911 157 (114 respondents within 10 wards, out of which 81 were men and 33 women), 25 KIIs (6 opinion leaders, 5 village elders, 6 chiefs, 6 government staff and 2 non-governmental organisation) and 12 EOIs (1 Department of Meteorological Services, 1 National Drought Management Authority (NDMA), 2 Department of Agriculture and 8 Departments of Veterinary Services and Livestock Production) were conducted during the data collection period. The findings showed that drought and flooding were the main climate related challenges that were often experienced by the pastoralists. The adaptation measure which were frequently implemented by pastoralist during flooding was livestock vaccination and mass treatment of sick livestock (Z >1.96) while the most frequently implemented adaptation measures during drought periods included migration with livestock to search for water and pasture (Z=1.51) and livestock vaccination and treatment of sick livestock (Z=1.08). Other climate variability related-challenges included increased incidences of livestock diseases, increased livestock deaths, increased cases of community conflicts, unavailability of veterinary vaccines and medicines, high cost of livestock vaccines and drugs and inadequate number of technical staff within the county. The study has shown that climate variability has significant impact on sources of livelihood for pastoralists who in turn are implementing several adaptation measures to mitigate the effects of climate change and variability. The study recommends formulation and implementation of appropriate plans and policies that are focussed on supporting resilience of the vulnerable pastoral communities and that could further assist in fighting the negative impacts of climate change and variability.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126871609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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