Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230485
Habtamu Tadesse, Yishak Gecho, Tekle Leza
The study was undertaken with the objective of assessing determinants of women participation choice and intensity of participation in Micro and Small Enterprises in Hadiya zone, Ethiopia. Within the zone three town administrative were selected based the largest number of economic activities. The investigation was grounded on cross-sectional review information from 385 women Micro and Small Enterprise's undertakings participant and non-participant that were assigned using semistructured interview schedule, key informants interview, focus group discussion, and personal observation. Secondary data was acquired from empirical reports, government policy documents, national statistical reports, journal articles and reports of different organizations. Heckman's twostage selection model was applied to recognize factors influencing women's participation decision and intensity of participation in MSEs. The first level of probit model estimation results reveal that educational status, business experience, access to credit, access to training, achievement motivation, receiving remittance, information seeking behaviour and initial capital were emphatically and fundamentally impact the likelihood of women participation decision in MSE while age was negatively related and does significantly determine the participation choice of the women. The after effects of the second stage Heckman model demonstrated that the intensity of participation in Micro and Small Enterprises was significantly and positively influenced by Original Research Article Tadesse et al.; AJAEES, 38(12): 31-45, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63309 32 educational status, access to market, access to transportation, and achievement motivation. Hence, this study recommends that government and concerned bodies are anticipated to enhance the educational level, skill, and knowledge development training, provide aids and subsidized to income, credit facilities, and the remittance-receiving channels. It is also suggested that women should formulate their own goals and they should participate in business by their own choice nevertheless of other alternatives accomplish well and actions need to be accepted to offer incentives for women who have faced a lack of available initial capital in the study area.
{"title":"Determinants of Women Participation in Micro and Small Enterprises in Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Habtamu Tadesse, Yishak Gecho, Tekle Leza","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230485","url":null,"abstract":"The study was undertaken with the objective of assessing determinants of women participation choice and intensity of participation in Micro and Small Enterprises in Hadiya zone, Ethiopia. Within the zone three town administrative were selected based the largest number of economic activities. The investigation was grounded on cross-sectional review information from 385 women Micro and Small Enterprise's undertakings participant and non-participant that were assigned using semistructured interview schedule, key informants interview, focus group discussion, and personal observation. Secondary data was acquired from empirical reports, government policy documents, national statistical reports, journal articles and reports of different organizations. Heckman's twostage selection model was applied to recognize factors influencing women's participation decision and intensity of participation in MSEs. The first level of probit model estimation results reveal that educational status, business experience, access to credit, access to training, achievement motivation, receiving remittance, information seeking behaviour and initial capital were emphatically and fundamentally impact the likelihood of women participation decision in MSE while age was negatively related and does significantly determine the participation choice of the women. The after effects of the second stage Heckman model demonstrated that the intensity of participation in Micro and Small Enterprises was significantly and positively influenced by Original Research Article Tadesse et al.; AJAEES, 38(12): 31-45, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63309 32 educational status, access to market, access to transportation, and achievement motivation. Hence, this study recommends that government and concerned bodies are anticipated to enhance the educational level, skill, and knowledge development training, provide aids and subsidized to income, credit facilities, and the remittance-receiving channels. It is also suggested that women should formulate their own goals and they should participate in business by their own choice nevertheless of other alternatives accomplish well and actions need to be accepted to offer incentives for women who have faced a lack of available initial capital in the study area.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"126 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127986337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1130474
Priyanka Shah, M. Ansari
Vegetable cultivation offers a unique opportunity for hill farmers of Uttarakhand due to the favourable climatic conditions. Consequently, vegetable cultivation in Uttarakhand hills, even in offseason, has picked up on quite a large scale. Although it has become quite remunerative but farmers are reportedly facing lots of marketing and production constraints. The present study was conducted in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand to study the production and marketing constraints faced by the vegetable growers. Study sample comprised of 200 farmers selected purposively from eight villages spread across four blocks and two districts in Kumaon division of Uttarakhand. The data was collected using a pre-tested structured interview schedule. The study findings revealed that major marketing constraints reported by vegetable growers were: long chain of intermediaries, inadequate transportation facilities, high transportation charges, inadequate storage facilities, low price / lack of remunerative price and non-availability of market information. Further, some production related constraints reported by the respondents were high cost of seeds/ fertilizers, lack of information about planting material/ production inputs, lack of knowledge about grading and standardization of vegetable, non-availability of farm labour and lack of packaging material. These findings will be helpful to the State government for developing a policy framework and relevant guidelines for promoting vegetable production in the state. Original Research Article Shah and Ansari; AJAEES, 38(11): 257-263, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63946 258
{"title":"A Study of Marketing and Production Constraints Faced by Vegetable Growers","authors":"Priyanka Shah, M. Ansari","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1130474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1130474","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetable cultivation offers a unique opportunity for hill farmers of Uttarakhand due to the favourable climatic conditions. Consequently, vegetable cultivation in Uttarakhand hills, even in offseason, has picked up on quite a large scale. Although it has become quite remunerative but farmers are reportedly facing lots of marketing and production constraints. The present study was conducted in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand to study the production and marketing constraints faced by the vegetable growers. Study sample comprised of 200 farmers selected purposively from eight villages spread across four blocks and two districts in Kumaon division of Uttarakhand. The data was collected using a pre-tested structured interview schedule. The study findings revealed that major marketing constraints reported by vegetable growers were: long chain of intermediaries, inadequate transportation facilities, high transportation charges, inadequate storage facilities, low price / lack of remunerative price and non-availability of market information. Further, some production related constraints reported by the respondents were high cost of seeds/ fertilizers, lack of information about planting material/ production inputs, lack of knowledge about grading and standardization of vegetable, non-availability of farm labour and lack of packaging material. These findings will be helpful to the State government for developing a policy framework and relevant guidelines for promoting vegetable production in the state. Original Research Article Shah and Ansari; AJAEES, 38(11): 257-263, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63946 258","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121023229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230498
S. Mohammad, Shailendra Singh, Vinod Singh
In terms of numerical importance, the camel ranks only as a minor domestic animal. The world population of camels consists of about 17.5 million compared with 1270 million cattle, 1145 million sheep, 822 million pigs, 494 million goats, 138 million water buffaloes and 65 million horses. Yet, population statistics alone does not adequately reflect the ecological importance and historical significance of the camel for human cultural development. From an ecological perspective, camel husbandry is the only means of exploiting the arid zone that composes about one third of the land surface of the earth. Camel pastorals are the only substance strategy that makes it possible to utilize this vast area for food production in a sustainable way. Thriving on a diet of thorny, fibrous and often very salty plants, camels convert the scattered vegetation of the desert into highly nutritious food and other forms of energy. Camels are able to produce large qualities of milk, wheat meat, wool and dung thrown in as by products. The article provides an overview on economic background of camel owners in rural and urban areas as well as Original Research Article Mohammad et al.; AJAEES, 38(12): 112-121, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64860 113 different communities of Bikaner district and it is concerned with the utilization pattern of camels, the quality of food and water and the perception of camel owners towards declining number of camel in different landscape and communities of Bikaner.
就数量重要性而言，骆驼只是一种次要的家畜。世界上骆驼的数量约为1750万头，而牛的数量为12.70亿头，绵羊的数量为11.45亿头，猪的数量为8.22亿头，山羊的数量为4.94亿头，水牛的数量为1.38亿头，马的数量为6500万匹。然而，人口统计本身并不能充分反映骆驼对人类文化发展的生态重要性和历史意义。从生态学的角度来看，骆驼养殖是开发占地球陆地面积三分之一的干旱区的唯一手段。骆驼畜牧业是唯一能够以可持续的方式利用这一广阔地区进行粮食生产的物质战略。骆驼以多刺、纤维状和高盐植物为食，将沙漠中分散的植被转化为高营养的食物和其他形式的能量。骆驼能够生产大量的牛奶、小麦肉、羊毛和粪便作为副产品。文章概述了农村和城市骆驼主人的经济背景，以及原始研究文章Mohammad et al.;生物工程学报，38(12):112-121,2020;文章no.AJAEES。研究了比卡内尔地区113个不同社区中骆驼的利用模式、食物和水的质量以及骆驼主人对骆驼数量减少的看法。
{"title":"Camel Rearing in Urban and Rural Areas of Bikaner District","authors":"S. Mohammad, Shailendra Singh, Vinod Singh","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230498","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230498","url":null,"abstract":"In terms of numerical importance, the camel ranks only as a minor domestic animal. The world population of camels consists of about 17.5 million compared with 1270 million cattle, 1145 million sheep, 822 million pigs, 494 million goats, 138 million water buffaloes and 65 million horses. Yet, population statistics alone does not adequately reflect the ecological importance and historical significance of the camel for human cultural development. From an ecological perspective, camel husbandry is the only means of exploiting the arid zone that composes about one third of the land surface of the earth. Camel pastorals are the only substance strategy that makes it possible to utilize this vast area for food production in a sustainable way. Thriving on a diet of thorny, fibrous and often very salty plants, camels convert the scattered vegetation of the desert into highly nutritious food and other forms of energy. Camels are able to produce large qualities of milk, wheat meat, wool and dung thrown in as by products. The article provides an overview on economic background of camel owners in rural and urban areas as well as Original Research Article Mohammad et al.; AJAEES, 38(12): 112-121, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64860 113 different communities of Bikaner district and it is concerned with the utilization pattern of camels, the quality of food and water and the perception of camel owners towards declining number of camel in different landscape and communities of Bikaner.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133525555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230523
V. Jothika, R. Rajasekaran
Collective Farming Scheme was implemented in the year 2017-2018 by the Government of Tamil Nadu, India to empower the farmers and their access to modern technologies. This study aimed to ascertain the contribution of the profile characteristics to the perception of collective farming. The study was conducted in Alangulam block of Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu. Data were collected through a well structured interview schedule with 120 farmers selected from four villages (Vadiyoor, Melamaruthappapuram, Ayyanarkulam and Sivalarulam). Regression analysis was carried out to determine the contribution of 12 selected farmer’s profile characteristics to the perception of collective farming. Social participation, training and innovativeness were the major factors that positively and significantly contributed to the perception of collective farming. For the better perception and practice of collective farming awareness from the state department or extension officials can be provided to the farmers along with the advantages of collective farming. Original Research Article Jothika and Rajasekaran; AJAEES, 38(12): 185-189, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.65261 186
{"title":"Contribution of Farmer’s Profile Characteristics to the Perception of Collective Farming in Tirunelveli District, India","authors":"V. Jothika, R. Rajasekaran","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230523","url":null,"abstract":"Collective Farming Scheme was implemented in the year 2017-2018 by the Government of Tamil Nadu, India to empower the farmers and their access to modern technologies. This study aimed to ascertain the contribution of the profile characteristics to the perception of collective farming. The study was conducted in Alangulam block of Tirunelveli district of Tamil Nadu. Data were collected through a well structured interview schedule with 120 farmers selected from four villages (Vadiyoor, Melamaruthappapuram, Ayyanarkulam and Sivalarulam). Regression analysis was carried out to determine the contribution of 12 selected farmer’s profile characteristics to the perception of collective farming. Social participation, training and innovativeness were the major factors that positively and significantly contributed to the perception of collective farming. For the better perception and practice of collective farming awareness from the state department or extension officials can be provided to the farmers along with the advantages of collective farming. Original Research Article Jothika and Rajasekaran; AJAEES, 38(12): 185-189, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.65261 186","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"132 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115533477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230486
S. Priyadarshini, P. Singh, O. Singh, Y. Gautam
Finance is essential for both economic growth and development of the country. Lack of access to finance for small, marginal farmers and weaker sections of the society has been recognized as a serious threat to economic progress especially in developing countries like India. Moreover, prolonged and persistent deprivation of banking services to a large segment of the population causing financial exclusion which leads to a decline in investment hindering economic development of the country. Thus, the need for inclusive growth comes in the picture of economic and social development of the society. The study was aimed at analysing the extent of financial inclusion among the farmers, a way to include the weaker and vulnerable section of society in the inclusive financial system which will make their present life better and secure with future plans. A multistage sampling technique was adopted in selecting one hundred farmers. Data were collected using survey schedule administered by the researcher. Descriptive statistical tools such as Garret’s ranking technique and inferential statistical tool such as multiple regression analysis were employed to analyse the data. Original Research Article Priyadarshini et al.; AJAEES, 38(12): 46-53, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64868 47
金融对一个国家的经济增长和发展都至关重要。小农、边缘农民和社会弱势群体缺乏融资渠道已被认为是对经济进步的严重威胁，尤其是在印度等发展中国家。此外，大量人口长期和持续地被剥夺银行服务，造成金融排斥，从而导致投资下降，阻碍了该国的经济发展。因此，对包容性增长的需求出现在社会经济和社会发展的图景中。该研究旨在分析农民中金融包容性的程度，这是一种将社会中较弱和弱势群体纳入包容性金融体系的方式，这将使他们目前的生活更好，未来的计划更安全。选取100名农户，采用多阶段抽样技术。数据收集使用调查时间表管理的研究人员。采用描述性统计工具如Garret排序技术和推断性统计工具如多元回归分析对数据进行分析。Priyadarshini et al.;生物工程学报，38(12):46-53,2020;文章no.AJAEES。64868年47
{"title":"Financial Inclusion of Farmers: A Case Study of Dhenkanal District of Odisha, India","authors":"S. Priyadarshini, P. Singh, O. Singh, Y. Gautam","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230486","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230486","url":null,"abstract":"Finance is essential for both economic growth and development of the country. Lack of access to finance for small, marginal farmers and weaker sections of the society has been recognized as a serious threat to economic progress especially in developing countries like India. Moreover, prolonged and persistent deprivation of banking services to a large segment of the population causing financial exclusion which leads to a decline in investment hindering economic development of the country. Thus, the need for inclusive growth comes in the picture of economic and social development of the society. The study was aimed at analysing the extent of financial inclusion among the farmers, a way to include the weaker and vulnerable section of society in the inclusive financial system which will make their present life better and secure with future plans. A multistage sampling technique was adopted in selecting one hundred farmers. Data were collected using survey schedule administered by the researcher. Descriptive statistical tools such as Garret’s ranking technique and inferential statistical tool such as multiple regression analysis were employed to analyse the data. Original Research Article Priyadarshini et al.; AJAEES, 38(12): 46-53, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64868 47","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122366676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1130475
M. W. Gouroubera, L. Idrissou, I. Moumouni
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays a significant role in addressing the challenges in agriculture in many countries. However, the institutionalization of ICT in any country’s agricultural system highly depends on its ICT policies. Benin’s agricultural sector has undergone many policy reforms since its independence in 1960 which caused changes in the orientation of ICT usage. This article aims to analyze ICT integration policies in agriculture in Benin regarding the innovations brought to facilitate its institutionalization. Therefore, three (3) dimensions of national political innovations are explored: innovation propensity, innovation capacity and innovation practice. A qualitative approach was adopted based not only on policy documents analysis such as laws, decrees and projects/programs but also on interviews with 30 key persons involved in the sector. The results showed that: (i) ICT has long been overlooked in agricultural policies in Benin; (ii) Low propensity and capacity was noticed regarding innovation of ICT integration in agriculture from 1960 until 2014. After this period, several innovations were introduced but they are still under innovation practiced. This study shows to researchers and practitioners that high political innovation propensity in the field of ICT integration in agriculture does not guarantee its institutionalization. The three concepts –innovation propensity, innovation capacity and innovation practice are inter-linked Review Article Gouroubera et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 264-277, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63859 265 with each other in successfully institutionalizing ICT in agricultural sector. In the case of Benin, despite the fact that several innovations have been introduced their institutionalization is lagging behind. The results are useful for ICT policies, researchers and practitioners to better understand the process of ICT integration in agricultural system.
{"title":"Political Innovations for ICT Institutionalization in Benin Agricultural System","authors":"M. W. Gouroubera, L. Idrissou, I. Moumouni","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1130475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1130475","url":null,"abstract":"Information and Communication Technology (ICT) plays a significant role in addressing the challenges in agriculture in many countries. However, the institutionalization of ICT in any country’s agricultural system highly depends on its ICT policies. Benin’s agricultural sector has undergone many policy reforms since its independence in 1960 which caused changes in the orientation of ICT usage. This article aims to analyze ICT integration policies in agriculture in Benin regarding the innovations brought to facilitate its institutionalization. Therefore, three (3) dimensions of national political innovations are explored: innovation propensity, innovation capacity and innovation practice. A qualitative approach was adopted based not only on policy documents analysis such as laws, decrees and projects/programs but also on interviews with 30 key persons involved in the sector. The results showed that: (i) ICT has long been overlooked in agricultural policies in Benin; (ii) Low propensity and capacity was noticed regarding innovation of ICT integration in agriculture from 1960 until 2014. After this period, several innovations were introduced but they are still under innovation practiced. This study shows to researchers and practitioners that high political innovation propensity in the field of ICT integration in agriculture does not guarantee its institutionalization. The three concepts –innovation propensity, innovation capacity and innovation practice are inter-linked Review Article Gouroubera et al.; AJAEES, 38(11): 264-277, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.63859 265 with each other in successfully institutionalizing ICT in agricultural sector. In the case of Benin, despite the fact that several innovations have been introduced their institutionalization is lagging behind. The results are useful for ICT policies, researchers and practitioners to better understand the process of ICT integration in agricultural system.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133249503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230524
Neha Singh, N. Sareen
Natural resources are important for human beings to sustain life on earth. However, continuous use of natural resources by the human beings, had affected the earth. There is need to manage our natural resources to improve the sustainability of the natural resources. Women have always come to forward to conserve and protect natural resources because they are the primary users of natural resources traditionally as well as modern. In this paper, A scale has been developed and standardized that can be used to measure the role of farm women towards natural resource management activities. The scale was developed by using the technique of “Scale Product Method” which combines the Thurston’s technique of equal appearing interval scale for selection of the items and Likert’s technique of summated rating for ascertaining the response on the scale. A total of 78 Natural Resource Management (NRM) activities were selected. Based on Scale (median) value and Q value, 72 Natural Resource Management (NRM) was selected to measure the role of farm women towards natural resource management activities. The co-efficient of Original Research Article Singh and Sareen; AJAEES, 38(12): 190-199, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.65859 191 reliability was calculated by the Rulon’s formula i.e. 0.81 and the content validity was observed thoroughly. The reliability and validity of the scale indicate its consistency and precision of the results. This scale can be used to measure the role of farm women in natural resource management activities.
{"title":"Development and Standardization of Scale to Measure Role of Farm Women towards Natural Resource Management Activities","authors":"Neha Singh, N. Sareen","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230524","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230524","url":null,"abstract":"Natural resources are important for human beings to sustain life on earth. However, continuous use of natural resources by the human beings, had affected the earth. There is need to manage our natural resources to improve the sustainability of the natural resources. Women have always come to forward to conserve and protect natural resources because they are the primary users of natural resources traditionally as well as modern. In this paper, A scale has been developed and standardized that can be used to measure the role of farm women towards natural resource management activities. The scale was developed by using the technique of “Scale Product Method” which combines the Thurston’s technique of equal appearing interval scale for selection of the items and Likert’s technique of summated rating for ascertaining the response on the scale. A total of 78 Natural Resource Management (NRM) activities were selected. Based on Scale (median) value and Q value, 72 Natural Resource Management (NRM) was selected to measure the role of farm women towards natural resource management activities. The co-efficient of Original Research Article Singh and Sareen; AJAEES, 38(12): 190-199, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.65859 191 reliability was calculated by the Rulon’s formula i.e. 0.81 and the content validity was observed thoroughly. The reliability and validity of the scale indicate its consistency and precision of the results. This scale can be used to measure the role of farm women in natural resource management activities.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"19 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114013591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230489
Y. Gautam, O. Singh
With the increase in population, urbanisation and development in India, the demand for energy has increased in recent years. Today, India relies heavily on fossil fuels to meet its energy requirements. Hence, this study analyses the economic viability of 3 HP solar irrigation pump for farmers of Jaipur, Rajasthan. Since, solar irrigation pump is now being preferred over diesel irrigation pumps in the study area. Rajasthan was selected purposively because it receives the highest annual global radiation. Jaipur was selected because the number solar irrigation pumps were maximum. Payback period, net present worth, benefit cost ratio and internal rate of return was used to analyze the economic viability. From the results it was clear that the adoption of solar irrigation pumps was economically feasible in the study area. Original Research Article Gautam and Singh; AJAEES, 38(12): 60-67, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64911 61
{"title":"Empirical Analysis of Economic Viability and Cost of Installation of 3 HP Solar Irrigation Pump in Jaipur, Rajasthan","authors":"Y. Gautam, O. Singh","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230489","url":null,"abstract":"With the increase in population, urbanisation and development in India, the demand for energy has increased in recent years. Today, India relies heavily on fossil fuels to meet its energy requirements. Hence, this study analyses the economic viability of 3 HP solar irrigation pump for farmers of Jaipur, Rajasthan. Since, solar irrigation pump is now being preferred over diesel irrigation pumps in the study area. Rajasthan was selected purposively because it receives the highest annual global radiation. Jaipur was selected because the number solar irrigation pumps were maximum. Payback period, net present worth, benefit cost ratio and internal rate of return was used to analyze the economic viability. From the results it was clear that the adoption of solar irrigation pumps was economically feasible in the study area. Original Research Article Gautam and Singh; AJAEES, 38(12): 60-67, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64911 61","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125182630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230481
B. Babasanya, L. Ganiyu, U. Yahaya, O. Olagunju, S. O. Olafemi, Amamat A. Olorukooba, T. Ademola
The issue of corruption in Nigeria has assumed a monumental dimension in such a way that it has become a household song and practice. Thus, adopting a rhetoric definition may not be appropriate instead a succinct description will suffice. The dimension of corruption is monumental because it started from pre-independence in the First republic with the first major political figure found culpable and investigated in 1944 and reach its peak recently with the evolvement of ‘godfatherism’ in the political landscape of the country. Therefore, corruption in Nigeria is more or less a household name. Using Social Responsibility Media Theory as a guide, this paper undertakes an examination of the right of the media to inform the public, serve the political system by making information, discussion and consideration of public affairs generally accessible, and to protect the rights of the Review Article Babasanya et al.; AJAEES, 38(12): 1-10, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62270 2 individual by acting as watchdog over the governments. This discourse analysis is backed up with the presentation of documented materials on tracking corruption through the use of social media. Since the use of mainstream media only is disadvantageous owing to its demand-driven nature, social media stands as a veritable and result-orientated asset in tracking corruption across the public sphere. This paper found that complimented with mainstream media, social media and civic journalism have exposed corrupt tendencies of contractors and public office holders including the political class in the provision and handling of infrastructural development projects thereby make public officials accountable and create an open access to good governance.
{"title":"Social Media as Valuable Anti-Corruption Assets in the Public Sphere in Nigeria","authors":"B. Babasanya, L. Ganiyu, U. Yahaya, O. Olagunju, S. O. Olafemi, Amamat A. Olorukooba, T. Ademola","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230481","url":null,"abstract":"The issue of corruption in Nigeria has assumed a monumental dimension in such a way that it has become a household song and practice. Thus, adopting a rhetoric definition may not be appropriate instead a succinct description will suffice. The dimension of corruption is monumental because it started from pre-independence in the First republic with the first major political figure found culpable and investigated in 1944 and reach its peak recently with the evolvement of ‘godfatherism’ in the political landscape of the country. Therefore, corruption in Nigeria is more or less a household name. Using Social Responsibility Media Theory as a guide, this paper undertakes an examination of the right of the media to inform the public, serve the political system by making information, discussion and consideration of public affairs generally accessible, and to protect the rights of the Review Article Babasanya et al.; AJAEES, 38(12): 1-10, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.62270 2 individual by acting as watchdog over the governments. This discourse analysis is backed up with the presentation of documented materials on tracking corruption through the use of social media. Since the use of mainstream media only is disadvantageous owing to its demand-driven nature, social media stands as a veritable and result-orientated asset in tracking corruption across the public sphere. This paper found that complimented with mainstream media, social media and civic journalism have exposed corrupt tendencies of contractors and public office holders including the political class in the provision and handling of infrastructural development projects thereby make public officials accountable and create an open access to good governance.","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122446165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230490
D. Kouyate
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of climatic variables (temperature and precipitation) on sorghum productivity in the Cercle of Koutiala in Mali. To do this, the model of the production function was used to estimate the variation of sorghum yield during a period of 30 years (1986-2015). After the test of the unit root of Dickey-Fuller Augmented (ADF), the estimation of the semi-logarithmic model by the Ordinary Least Square method (OLS) showed that the yield of sorghum was affected by the climatic variables. The increase in average rainfall over the period June-September positively affects the performance to a certain threshold. On the other hand, the average temperatures during June-July have no significant effects on the yield. The temperatures observed during August and September, negatively affect the performance of sorghum during the study period to a certain threshold. The precipitations of August and September have a positive impact but not significant on the yield. The interaction between mean precipitation and average temperature during the same period negatively influences the yield of the sorghum. Indeed, the increase of the precipitation combined with an increase of the temperature for the period June to September causes a reduction in the yield of sorghum. Depending on this situation, it is important and necessary to take measures to mitigate the negative impacts of climate on sorghum yield in the Cercle of Koutiala. Original Research Article Kouyate; AJAEES, 38(12): 68-79, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64303 69
{"title":"Effects of Climate Variability and Climate Change on Sorghum Productivity in the Cercle of Koutiala in Mali","authors":"D. Kouyate","doi":"10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/AJAEES/2020/V38I1230490","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of climatic variables (temperature and precipitation) on sorghum productivity in the Cercle of Koutiala in Mali. To do this, the model of the production function was used to estimate the variation of sorghum yield during a period of 30 years (1986-2015). After the test of the unit root of Dickey-Fuller Augmented (ADF), the estimation of the semi-logarithmic model by the Ordinary Least Square method (OLS) showed that the yield of sorghum was affected by the climatic variables. The increase in average rainfall over the period June-September positively affects the performance to a certain threshold. On the other hand, the average temperatures during June-July have no significant effects on the yield. The temperatures observed during August and September, negatively affect the performance of sorghum during the study period to a certain threshold. The precipitations of August and September have a positive impact but not significant on the yield. The interaction between mean precipitation and average temperature during the same period negatively influences the yield of the sorghum. Indeed, the increase of the precipitation combined with an increase of the temperature for the period June to September causes a reduction in the yield of sorghum. Depending on this situation, it is important and necessary to take measures to mitigate the negative impacts of climate on sorghum yield in the Cercle of Koutiala. Original Research Article Kouyate; AJAEES, 38(12): 68-79, 2020; Article no.AJAEES.64303 69","PeriodicalId":204208,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics and Sociology","volume":"84 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124800749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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