The objective of this study was to compare the properties of small intestinal fluid (SIF) from white- and yellow-feathered broilers fed variable dietary CP to test the hypothesis that digestive enzymes sourced from the SIF of yellow-feathered broilers could serve as a viable alternative for preparing in vitro SIF specifically for white-feathered broilers. Ten Arbor Acres Plus broilers (32 days of age) and 20 Chinese yellow chickens (51 days of age) were fitted with jejunal cannulas and assigned to dietary treatments as follows: 1) white-feathered broilers (BW of 4.08 ± 0.39 kg) fed diet 1 with CP of 19.88 %, 2) yellow-feathered broilers (BW of 2.89 ± 0.27 kg) fed diet 1, and 3) yellow-feathered broilers (BW of 2.84 ± 0.20 kg) fed diet 2 with CP of 16.32 %. Each treatment contained 10 replicates with 1 broiler in each replicate. Digestive enzyme activities, ion concentrations, pH, 16 amino acid (AA, excluding Tyr and Trp) contents, molecular weight distribution (MWD) of protein, hydrolysis rates on wheat starch, corn starch, casein, and soybean protein concentrate, and in vitro digestible energy of corn, soybean meal, and corn gluten meal were evaluated for SIF. Activities of chymotrypsin and amylase, pH, concentrations (mg/mL) of total amino acid (TAA) and 13 AA (excluding Pro, Cys, and Glu), and hydrolysis rates in casein or soybean protein concentrate were greater (P < 0.05), whereas MWD of protein from 19 to 23 kDa was lower (P < 0.05) in the SIF of yellow compared to white-feathered broilers fed diet 1. Furthermore, activities of chymotrypsin and amylase, concentrations of Na+, and Cl-, MWD of protein from 15 to 18 kDa were greater, while concentrations of K+ were lower in the SIF of yellow-feathered broilers fed diet 2 compared to white feathered broilers fed diet 1. Activities of chymotrypsin and amylase, K+ concentration, pH, TAA and 13 AA (excluding Pro, Cys, and Glu), hydrolysis rates in casein or soybean protein concentrate increased (P < 0.05), while concentrations of Na+ and Cl- (P < 0.05) decreased with dietary CP in SIF from yellow-feathered broilers. This experiment demonstrated diet composition and breed modulate digestive enzyme activities, ions (Na+, K+, Cl-), pH, and AA concentrations in the SIF. Our findings revealed no substantial difference in the hydrolytic characteristics of SIF from white-feathered broilers fed diet 1 and yellow-feathered broilers fed diet 2. Consequently, it is feasible to use digestive enzymes extracted from the SIF of yellow-feathered broilers to prepare simulated SIF for in vitro digestion of white-feathered broilers.
{"title":"Comparison of the characteristics of small intestinal fluid from white-feathered and yellow-feathered broilers.","authors":"Mingqiang Song, Cong Ren, Youyou Liu, Xiaomeng Ye, Yuming Wang, Jingjing Xie, Feng Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104417","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to compare the properties of small intestinal fluid (SIF) from white- and yellow-feathered broilers fed variable dietary CP to test the hypothesis that digestive enzymes sourced from the SIF of yellow-feathered broilers could serve as a viable alternative for preparing in vitro SIF specifically for white-feathered broilers. Ten Arbor Acres Plus broilers (32 days of age) and 20 Chinese yellow chickens (51 days of age) were fitted with jejunal cannulas and assigned to dietary treatments as follows: 1) white-feathered broilers (BW of 4.08 ± 0.39 kg) fed diet 1 with CP of 19.88 %, 2) yellow-feathered broilers (BW of 2.89 ± 0.27 kg) fed diet 1, and 3) yellow-feathered broilers (BW of 2.84 ± 0.20 kg) fed diet 2 with CP of 16.32 %. Each treatment contained 10 replicates with 1 broiler in each replicate. Digestive enzyme activities, ion concentrations, pH, 16 amino acid (AA, excluding Tyr and Trp) contents, molecular weight distribution (MWD) of protein, hydrolysis rates on wheat starch, corn starch, casein, and soybean protein concentrate, and in vitro digestible energy of corn, soybean meal, and corn gluten meal were evaluated for SIF. Activities of chymotrypsin and amylase, pH, concentrations (mg/mL) of total amino acid (TAA) and 13 AA (excluding Pro, Cys, and Glu), and hydrolysis rates in casein or soybean protein concentrate were greater (P < 0.05), whereas MWD of protein from 19 to 23 kDa was lower (P < 0.05) in the SIF of yellow compared to white-feathered broilers fed diet 1. Furthermore, activities of chymotrypsin and amylase, concentrations of Na<sup>+</sup>, and Cl<sup>-</sup>, MWD of protein from 15 to 18 kDa were greater, while concentrations of K<sup>+</sup> were lower in the SIF of yellow-feathered broilers fed diet 2 compared to white feathered broilers fed diet 1. Activities of chymotrypsin and amylase, K<sup>+</sup> concentration, pH, TAA and 13 AA (excluding Pro, Cys, and Glu), hydrolysis rates in casein or soybean protein concentrate increased (P < 0.05), while concentrations of Na<sup>+</sup> and Cl<sup>-</sup> (P < 0.05) decreased with dietary CP in SIF from yellow-feathered broilers. This experiment demonstrated diet composition and breed modulate digestive enzyme activities, ions (Na<sup>+</sup>, K<sup>+</sup>, Cl<sup>-</sup>), pH, and AA concentrations in the SIF. Our findings revealed no substantial difference in the hydrolytic characteristics of SIF from white-feathered broilers fed diet 1 and yellow-feathered broilers fed diet 2. Consequently, it is feasible to use digestive enzymes extracted from the SIF of yellow-feathered broilers to prepare simulated SIF for in vitro digestion of white-feathered broilers.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"103 12","pages":"104417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11550172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-12DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104414
Thiago L. Noetzold , Etseoghena A. Obi , Bryan Fancher , Marcelo Silva , Alan Thomson , Martin J. Zuidhof
<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of early growth (<strong>EG</strong>) and time of maximum pubertal growth peak (<strong>I2</strong>) on development, feed efficiency, carcass composition, and sexual maturation of broiler breeder females. Target BW trajectories were designed by changing coefficients of a 3-phase Gompertz model fit to the recommended BW target of Ross 308 breeders, <span><math><mrow><mi>BW</mi><mo>=</mo><mspace></mspace><msubsup><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></msubsup><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>ex</mi><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mo>−</mo><mi>exp</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mo>−</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>−</mo><msub><mi>I</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>. In each phase <em>i</em>, biologically relevant coefficients describe the amount of BW gain (<span><math><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span>), the rate of growth (<span><math><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span>), and the inflection point (<span><math><msub><mi>I</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span>), which is the time when the growth rate for that phase is at its maximum rate. The study consisted of a 6 × 2 factorial arrangement, with six I2 levels (<span><math><mi>I</mi></math></span> from phase 2) and two EG levels. The I2 coefficients were 15, 17, 19, 21 (standard), 22, and 23 in wk. The EG treatments were: EG0, where <span><math><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span> coefficients estimated from the standard from the breeder recommended BW were unchanged; and EG20, where 20% of the gain (<span><math><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span>) in phase 2 (pubertal phase) was shifted to phase 1 (<span><math><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span>; prepubertal phase). Two-hundred-eighty-eight Ross 308 pullets were randomly assigned to the twelve BW growth trajectories and fed using a precision feeding system from 0 to 28 wk of age. Body composition variables were submitted to three-way ANOVA, with EG, I2, and age as fixed sources of variation. Analysis of covariance was conducted on the remaining dependent variables with EG as fixed effect, I2 as a continuous fixed effect, and age as continuous random effect. Differences were reported at P ≤ 0.05. The BW of females followed their target BW, and ADFI differed depending on the amount of feed required to achieve their respective BW targets. Breast fleshing score was 0.2 greater in the EG20 compared to EG0. The number of juvenile primary wing feathers and age at first egg decreased by 0.4 and 0.9 d, respectively, per wk of earlier I2. Advancing I2 resulted in birds with increased carcass fat deposition from 16 to 28 wk of age. Carcass fat was 1.3- to 1.6-fold greater in the EG20 only from 4 to 16 wk of age. Early growth
{"title":"Body weight optimization of broiler breeder hens. 1. Pullet growth, feed efficiency, carcass composition, and sexual maturation","authors":"Thiago L. Noetzold , Etseoghena A. Obi , Bryan Fancher , Marcelo Silva , Alan Thomson , Martin J. Zuidhof","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of early growth (<strong>EG</strong>) and time of maximum pubertal growth peak (<strong>I2</strong>) on development, feed efficiency, carcass composition, and sexual maturation of broiler breeder females. Target BW trajectories were designed by changing coefficients of a 3-phase Gompertz model fit to the recommended BW target of Ross 308 breeders, <span><math><mrow><mi>BW</mi><mo>=</mo><mspace></mspace><msubsup><mo>∑</mo><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>i</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></msubsup><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mi>ex</mi><msup><mrow><mi>p</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>(</mo><mo>−</mo><mi>exp</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mo>−</mo><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>−</mo><msub><mi>I</mi><mi>i</mi></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>)</mo></mrow></msup></mrow></math></span>. In each phase <em>i</em>, biologically relevant coefficients describe the amount of BW gain (<span><math><msub><mi>g</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span>), the rate of growth (<span><math><msub><mi>b</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span>), and the inflection point (<span><math><msub><mi>I</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></math></span>), which is the time when the growth rate for that phase is at its maximum rate. The study consisted of a 6 × 2 factorial arrangement, with six I2 levels (<span><math><mi>I</mi></math></span> from phase 2) and two EG levels. The I2 coefficients were 15, 17, 19, 21 (standard), 22, and 23 in wk. The EG treatments were: EG0, where <span><math><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span> coefficients estimated from the standard from the breeder recommended BW were unchanged; and EG20, where 20% of the gain (<span><math><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></span>) in phase 2 (pubertal phase) was shifted to phase 1 (<span><math><msub><mi>g</mi><mn>1</mn></msub></math></span>; prepubertal phase). Two-hundred-eighty-eight Ross 308 pullets were randomly assigned to the twelve BW growth trajectories and fed using a precision feeding system from 0 to 28 wk of age. Body composition variables were submitted to three-way ANOVA, with EG, I2, and age as fixed sources of variation. Analysis of covariance was conducted on the remaining dependent variables with EG as fixed effect, I2 as a continuous fixed effect, and age as continuous random effect. Differences were reported at P ≤ 0.05. The BW of females followed their target BW, and ADFI differed depending on the amount of feed required to achieve their respective BW targets. Breast fleshing score was 0.2 greater in the EG20 compared to EG0. The number of juvenile primary wing feathers and age at first egg decreased by 0.4 and 0.9 d, respectively, per wk of earlier I2. Advancing I2 resulted in birds with increased carcass fat deposition from 16 to 28 wk of age. Carcass fat was 1.3- to 1.6-fold greater in the EG20 only from 4 to 16 wk of age. Early growth","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"103 12","pages":"Article 104414"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142546949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nitrites in meat products are important food additives with coloring, antibacterial and antioxidant effects, but excessive intake of nitrites can pose health risks, including an increased risk of cancer due to the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines. In the present study, Limosilactobacillus fermentum CGMCC 1.7434 was screened and the effects of it and Debaryomyces hansenii GDMCC 2.149 and their combination on nitrite degradation were investigated. It was found that the co-culture of L. fermentum CGMCC 1.7434 and D. hansenii GDMCC 2.149 significantly enhanced nitrite degradation (99.58%). The findings on salt and ethanol tolerance suggest suitability for application in meat fermentation processes. Scanning electron microscopy and additional data indicate that D. hansenii GDMCC 2.149 facilitates the growth, acid production, adhesion, secretion of AI-2 signaling molecules, and biofilm formation of L. fermentum CGMCC 1.7434. Metabolomics analysis suggests that these microorganisms reduce nitrite levels by converting NH3 derived from nitrite into L-glutamine, which is further transformed into N-nitroso compounds and their downstream derivatives through the ABC transporter pathway, the TCA cycle, and the amino acid metabolism pathway. Microbial community analyses showed that L. fermentum CGMCC 1.7434 and D. hansenii GDMCC 2.149 were successfully inoculated into air-dried ducks, becoming dominant strains and effectively inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, during the processing of air-dried duck, the combination of ultrasonic cavitation (250 W, 4 min, 30°C, 40 kHz) with the co-fermentation of L. fermentum CGMCC 1.7434 and D. hansenii GDMCC 2.149 effectively reduced nitrite content (84.55%) and TVB-N levels in the meat, without compromising color or TBARS values. This is crucial for understanding the mechanism of nitrite degradation by LAB in synergy with yeast and for the advancement of low-nitrite air-dried duck products.
{"title":"Limosilactobacillus fermentum CGMCC 1.7434 and Debaryomyces hansenii GDMCC 2.149 synergize with ultrasound treatment to efficiently degrade nitrite in air-dried ducks.","authors":"Weitao Zhao, Xiankang Fan, Zihang Shi, Yangying Sun, Zhen Wu, Xiaoqun Zeng, Wei Wang, Changyu Zhou, Qiang Xia, Zhaoshan Wang, Daodong Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nitrites in meat products are important food additives with coloring, antibacterial and antioxidant effects, but excessive intake of nitrites can pose health risks, including an increased risk of cancer due to the formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines. In the present study, Limosilactobacillus fermentum CGMCC 1.7434 was screened and the effects of it and Debaryomyces hansenii GDMCC 2.149 and their combination on nitrite degradation were investigated. It was found that the co-culture of L. fermentum CGMCC 1.7434 and D. hansenii GDMCC 2.149 significantly enhanced nitrite degradation (99.58%). The findings on salt and ethanol tolerance suggest suitability for application in meat fermentation processes. Scanning electron microscopy and additional data indicate that D. hansenii GDMCC 2.149 facilitates the growth, acid production, adhesion, secretion of AI-2 signaling molecules, and biofilm formation of L. fermentum CGMCC 1.7434. Metabolomics analysis suggests that these microorganisms reduce nitrite levels by converting NH<sub>3</sub> derived from nitrite into L-glutamine, which is further transformed into N-nitroso compounds and their downstream derivatives through the ABC transporter pathway, the TCA cycle, and the amino acid metabolism pathway. Microbial community analyses showed that L. fermentum CGMCC 1.7434 and D. hansenii GDMCC 2.149 were successfully inoculated into air-dried ducks, becoming dominant strains and effectively inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Furthermore, during the processing of air-dried duck, the combination of ultrasonic cavitation (250 W, 4 min, 30°C, 40 kHz) with the co-fermentation of L. fermentum CGMCC 1.7434 and D. hansenii GDMCC 2.149 effectively reduced nitrite content (84.55%) and TVB-N levels in the meat, without compromising color or TBARS values. This is crucial for understanding the mechanism of nitrite degradation by LAB in synergy with yeast and for the advancement of low-nitrite air-dried duck products.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"103 12","pages":"104395"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11539442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fluoride is one of the essential trace elements for body. However, excessive fluoride poses a major threat to human and animal health. Fluorosis may cause pathological damage of the duodenum, but the underlying mechanism needs to be further studied. This study was to investigate the effects of long-term exposure to sodium fluoride (0, 500, 1,000, 2,000 mg/kg) on the duodenum of chickens. The results showed that after NaF exposure, intestinal epithelial cells were disarranged, necrotic or even exfoliated, goblet cells and mucus secretion were increased, and inflammatory response was induced in duodenal tissue. Oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs), and heat shock proteins (HSPs) are an adaptive response, however long-term, excessive changes are detrimental. Fluorosis activates ERs through IRE1, PERK and ATF6 pathways, increases the expression of HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90, and causes apoptosis and oxidative damage in duodenal tissue. In addition, fluorosis can activate the MAPK signaling pathway. This article can provide a reference for exploring the potential duodenal toxicity of sodium fluoride.
{"title":"Fluoride stimulates the MAPK pathway to regulate endoplasmic reticulum stress and heat shock proteins to induce duodenal toxicity in chickens.","authors":"Yanan Li, Tianwen Ma, Xiaoping Lv, Zongsheng Qiu, Shuxin Li, Jingjing Qi, Chengwei Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fluoride is one of the essential trace elements for body. However, excessive fluoride poses a major threat to human and animal health. Fluorosis may cause pathological damage of the duodenum, but the underlying mechanism needs to be further studied. This study was to investigate the effects of long-term exposure to sodium fluoride (0, 500, 1,000, 2,000 mg/kg) on the duodenum of chickens. The results showed that after NaF exposure, intestinal epithelial cells were disarranged, necrotic or even exfoliated, goblet cells and mucus secretion were increased, and inflammatory response was induced in duodenal tissue. Oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERs), and heat shock proteins (HSPs) are an adaptive response, however long-term, excessive changes are detrimental. Fluorosis activates ERs through IRE1, PERK and ATF6 pathways, increases the expression of HSP60, HSP70 and HSP90, and causes apoptosis and oxidative damage in duodenal tissue. In addition, fluorosis can activate the MAPK signaling pathway. This article can provide a reference for exploring the potential duodenal toxicity of sodium fluoride.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"103 12","pages":"104408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11550079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104403
Lin Zhang , Pengna Luo , Huihong Li, Yuxian Pan, Huaiyong Zhang, Xuemeng Si, Wen Chen, Yanqun Huang
Glucose Transporter 4 (GLUT4) is a crucial protein facilitating glucose uptake and metabolism across cell membranes in mammals. However, information on GLUT4 in birds has historically been limited. In this study, we investigated the dynamic expression profile of chicken GLUT4 using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and examined its potential effects and mechanisms via GLUT4 overexpression and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) in chicken primary skeletal muscle satellite cells (CP-SMSCs). Our results demonstrated that chicken GLUT4 is differentially expressed across tissues, with predominant expression in skeletal muscles, and across developmental stages of CP-SMSCs, with notable upregulation during the phases of cell proliferation and early differentiation. Notably, 0.1 μM insulin for 60 min significantly elevated the expression of GLUT4 in CP-SMSCs (P < 0.05). GLUT4 overexpression in CP-SMSCs promoted cell proliferation, as evidenced by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) (P < 0.05) and 5-Ethynyl-2′-Deoxyuridine (EDU) assays (P < 0.05), and enhanced glucose consumption following 0.1 μM insulin treatment (P < 0.05). However, it inhibited glucose consumption 12 h after the addition of 5 g/L glucose (P < 0.05). After overexpressing GLUT4, we identified 302 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in CP-SMSCs, with 134 upregulated and 168 downregulated. These DEGs are primarily enriched in pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation, ribosome, cardiac muscle contraction, ATP metabolic processes, and mitochondrial protein complexes. Specifically, in the enriched oxidative phosphorylation pathway, the upregulated DEGs (12) encode mitochondrial proteins, while the downregulated DEGs (6) are nuclear genome-derived. The ribosomal pathway is predominantly inhibited, accompanying with the downregulation of the translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 7 (TOMM7)/translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 8 (TIMM8A) complex responsible for mitochondrial protein transport, and a reduction in 28S (LOC121106978) and 18S (LOC112533601) ribosomal rRNAs. In conclusion, chicken GLUT4 is dynamically modulated during development and acts as an insulin responder that significantly regulates cellular glucose uptake and cell proliferation. This regulation occurs mainly through enhancing the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and inhibiting ribosomal pathway.
{"title":"Chicken GLUT4 function via enhancing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and inhibiting ribosome pathway in skeletal muscle satellite cells","authors":"Lin Zhang , Pengna Luo , Huihong Li, Yuxian Pan, Huaiyong Zhang, Xuemeng Si, Wen Chen, Yanqun Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glucose Transporter 4 (<strong><em>GLUT4</em></strong>) is a crucial protein facilitating glucose uptake and metabolism across cell membranes in mammals. However, information on <em>GLUT4</em> in birds has historically been limited. In this study, we investigated the dynamic expression profile of chicken <em>GLUT4</em> using real-time quantitative PCR (<strong>RT-qPCR</strong>) and examined its potential effects and mechanisms via <em>GLUT4</em> overexpression and RNA sequencing (<strong>RNA-seq</strong>) in chicken primary skeletal muscle satellite cells (<strong>CP-SMSCs</strong>). Our results demonstrated that chicken <em>GLUT4</em> is differentially expressed across tissues, with predominant expression in skeletal muscles, and across developmental stages of CP-SMSCs, with notable upregulation during the phases of cell proliferation and early differentiation. Notably, 0.1 μM insulin for 60 min significantly elevated the expression of <em>GLUT4</em> in CP-SMSCs (<em>P</em> < 0.05). <em>GLUT4</em> overexpression in CP-SMSCs promoted cell proliferation, as evidenced by Cell Counting Kit-8 (<strong>CCK-8</strong>) (<em>P</em> < 0.05) and 5-Ethynyl-2′-Deoxyuridine (<strong>EDU</strong>) assays (<em>P</em> < 0.05), and enhanced glucose consumption following 0.1 μM insulin treatment (<em>P</em> < 0.05). However, it inhibited glucose consumption 12 h after the addition of 5 g/L glucose (<em>P</em> < 0.05). After overexpressing <em>GLUT4</em>, we identified 302 differentially expressed genes (<strong>DEGs</strong>) in CP-SMSCs, with 134 upregulated and 168 downregulated. These DEGs are primarily enriched in pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation, ribosome, cardiac muscle contraction, ATP metabolic processes, and mitochondrial protein complexes. Specifically, in the enriched oxidative phosphorylation pathway, the upregulated DEGs (12) encode mitochondrial proteins, while the downregulated DEGs (6) are nuclear genome-derived. The ribosomal pathway is predominantly inhibited, accompanying with the downregulation of the translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 7 (<strong><em>TOMM7</em></strong>)/translocase of inner mitochondrial membrane 8 (<strong><em>TIMM8A</em></strong>) complex responsible for mitochondrial protein transport, and a reduction in 28S (LOC121106978) and 18S (LOC112533601) ribosomal rRNAs. In conclusion, chicken <em>GLUT4</em> is dynamically modulated during development and acts as an insulin responder that significantly regulates cellular glucose uptake and cell proliferation. This regulation occurs mainly through enhancing the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and inhibiting ribosomal pathway.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"103 12","pages":"Article 104403"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104402
Xinyue Hu, Hengli Xie, Xi Zhang, Yueyue Lin, Shenqiang Hu, Jiwei Hu, Hua He, Liang Li, Hehe Liu, Jiwen Wang
In avian, follicular selection is a key molecular event that can determine avian egg production. Theca cells (TC) are the main components of follicles, the molecular mechanisms about TCs physiological differences during follicle selection stage are still unclear. This study revealed significant differences in proliferation, apoptosis, lipid synthesis, and steroid secretion levels between prehierarchical theca cells (phTC) and hierarchical theca cells (hTC) of Tianfu meat-type geese. A total of 1,559 differentially expressed genes (DEG) and 71 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEM) were identified between phTCs and hTCs, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis results showed that 143 DEGs were enriched in the pathways related to cell proliferation/apoptosis and lipid/steroid metabolism. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network results indicated the 143 DEGs have functional interactions. Additionally, the predicted target genes of 71 DEMs were jointly analyzed with the above 143 DEGs, and the results showed that 15 DEMs and 17 DEGs with targeted relationships were found. Among them, miR-202-5p was significantly down-regulated both in hTCs and hierarchical theca layers, and target prediction results showed that miR-202-5p may affect TCs proliferation/apoptosis by targeting CHPT1 to regulate the expression levels of CCN1/FOXO3; meanwhile, may affect TCs lipid/steroid metabolism and proliferation/apoptosis by targeting CHPT1 to regulate the expression levels of p53/ABCA1/SREBP-2. This study provides new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of TCs physiological differences during goose follicle selection.
{"title":"Combined analyses of mRNA and miRNA transcriptome reveal the molecular mechanisms of theca cells physiological differences in geese follicular selection stage.","authors":"Xinyue Hu, Hengli Xie, Xi Zhang, Yueyue Lin, Shenqiang Hu, Jiwei Hu, Hua He, Liang Li, Hehe Liu, Jiwen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psj.2024.104402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In avian, follicular selection is a key molecular event that can determine avian egg production. Theca cells (TC) are the main components of follicles, the molecular mechanisms about TCs physiological differences during follicle selection stage are still unclear. This study revealed significant differences in proliferation, apoptosis, lipid synthesis, and steroid secretion levels between prehierarchical theca cells (phTC) and hierarchical theca cells (hTC) of Tianfu meat-type geese. A total of 1,559 differentially expressed genes (DEG) and 71 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEM) were identified between phTCs and hTCs, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis results showed that 143 DEGs were enriched in the pathways related to cell proliferation/apoptosis and lipid/steroid metabolism. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network results indicated the 143 DEGs have functional interactions. Additionally, the predicted target genes of 71 DEMs were jointly analyzed with the above 143 DEGs, and the results showed that 15 DEMs and 17 DEGs with targeted relationships were found. Among them, miR-202-5p was significantly down-regulated both in hTCs and hierarchical theca layers, and target prediction results showed that miR-202-5p may affect TCs proliferation/apoptosis by targeting CHPT1 to regulate the expression levels of CCN1/FOXO3; meanwhile, may affect TCs lipid/steroid metabolism and proliferation/apoptosis by targeting CHPT1 to regulate the expression levels of p53/ABCA1/SREBP-2. This study provides new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of TCs physiological differences during goose follicle selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"103 12","pages":"104402"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to probe if xylooligosaccharide (XOS) could act as an antimetabolite to impact the cell cycle and antibiotic tolerance of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC). We firstly measured the bacteriostasis of XOS against APEC O78 and its effect on the growth of APEC O78 growing on different medium. Afterwards, the effects of XOS on xylose operon activation along with the cell cycle and antibiotic tolerance of APEC O78 were analyzed. The results showed that XOS caused no inhibitory circle against APEC O78 and did not affect (P > 0.05) the growth of APEC O78 growing on LB medium. Besides, APEC O78 was unable to grow on M9 medium (carbon-free) added with XOS. However, XOS exerted a similar role as xylose in increasing (P < 0.05) the expression of certain xylose operon genes including xylose isomerase (XylA)-encoding gene (xylA) and xylose-binding periplasmic protein (XylF)-encoding gene (xylF) in APEC O78. The molecular docking simulation revealed that the major monomer components (xylobiose, xylotriose and xylotetraose) of XOS had stable binding potentials to both XylA and XylF proteins of E. coli, as supported by the low binding free energy and the formation of considerable hydrogen bonds between them. The subsequent analysis showed that XOS altered certain cell cycle-related genes expression, especially elevated (P < 0.05) nrdB expression and decreased ihfB expression to a degree. Moreover, XOS played a similar role as 2-deoxy-glucose (a glucose analogue serving as a typical antimetabolite) in lowering (P < 0.05) the number of ampicillin-tolerant APEC O78. Collectively, XOS had no direct bacteriostasis against APEC and could not be metabolized/utilized by APEC O78. However, it might become an analogue of xylose and then activate xylose transport- and metabolism-related proteins in APEC O78, thus functioning as a potential antimetabolite and exerting antimetabolic actions. This could at least partially interpret the observed roles of XOS in interfering with the cell cycle and diminishing the antibiotic tolerance of APEC O78. The above findings expand the knowledges about the functions of XOS and provide a basis for exploring novel strategies to reduce the antibiotic tolerance of APEC.
{"title":"Xylooligosaccharide interferes with the cell cycle and reduces the antibiotic tolerance of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli by associating with its potential antimetabolic actions","authors":"Lulu Ren , Hui Ye , Jiarong Fang, Qingyun Cao, Changming Zhang, Zemin Dong, Dingyuan Feng, Jianjun Zuo , Weiwei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to probe if xylooligosaccharide (<strong>XOS</strong>) could act as an antimetabolite to impact the cell cycle and antibiotic tolerance of avian pathogenic <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<strong>APEC</strong>). We firstly measured the bacteriostasis of XOS against APEC O78 and its effect on the growth of APEC O78 growing on different medium. Afterwards, the effects of XOS on xylose operon activation along with the cell cycle and antibiotic tolerance of APEC O78 were analyzed. The results showed that XOS caused no inhibitory circle against APEC O78 and did not affect (<em>P</em> > 0.05) the growth of APEC O78 growing on LB medium. Besides, APEC O78 was unable to grow on M9 medium (carbon-free) added with XOS. However, XOS exerted a similar role as xylose in increasing (<em>P</em> < 0.05) the expression of certain xylose operon genes including xylose isomerase (<strong>XylA</strong>)-encoding gene <strong>(xylA</strong>) and xylose-binding periplasmic protein (<strong>XylF</strong>)-encoding gene (<strong>xylF</strong>) in APEC O78. The molecular docking simulation revealed that the major monomer components (xylobiose, xylotriose and xylotetraose) of XOS had stable binding potentials to both XylA and XylF proteins of <em>E. coli</em>, as supported by the low binding free energy and the formation of considerable hydrogen bonds between them. The subsequent analysis showed that XOS altered certain cell cycle-related genes expression, especially elevated (<em>P</em> < 0.05) nrdB expression and decreased ihfB expression to a degree. Moreover, XOS played a similar role as 2-deoxy-glucose (a glucose analogue serving as a typical antimetabolite) in lowering (<em>P</em> < 0.05) the number of ampicillin-tolerant APEC O78. Collectively, XOS had no direct bacteriostasis against APEC and could not be metabolized/utilized by APEC O78. However, it might become an analogue of xylose and then activate xylose transport- and metabolism-related proteins in APEC O78, thus functioning as a potential antimetabolite and exerting antimetabolic actions. This could at least partially interpret the observed roles of XOS in interfering with the cell cycle and diminishing the antibiotic tolerance of APEC O78. The above findings expand the knowledges about the functions of XOS and provide a basis for exploring novel strategies to reduce the antibiotic tolerance of APEC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"103 12","pages":"Article 104405"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142473143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104398
Ophélie Bernardi, Mathias Fréville, Christelle Ramé, Maxime Reverchon, Joëlle Dupont
Adipokines including adiponectin (ADIPO), chemerin (CHEM) and visfatin (VISF) are involved in metabolism and reproductive functions. These 3 adipokines are present in ovarian cells in different preovulatory follicles in hens. We have previously shown that VISF and ADIPO are able to modulate in vitro steroid production by hen granulosa cells (GCs). It is, however, unclear whether CHEM acts on hen ovarian cells. In addition, no study has yet investigated the effect of a mixture of several adipokines such ADIPO, VISF, and CHEM on GCs from different preovulatory follicles. In this study, we investigated the effect of CHEM alone and in combination with ADIPO and VISF on cell viability, proliferation and progesterone secretion in cultured granulosa cells (GCs) from the largest follicles F1 and smaller ones (F3/F4) in the presence of gonadotropins (oLH and oFSH) or hIGF-1. First, various concentrations of chemerin were examined (0, 12, 25, 50, and 100 ng/mL) and then we determined the response to CHEM (at 25 ng/mL) in combination with ADIPO (10 µg/mL) and VISF (100 ng/mL). Chemerin exposure did not affect F1 and F3/F4 granulosa cell viability and proliferation whatever the concentation and in the presence of the mixture. However, it reduced progesterone secretion in dose dependent manner in both F1 and F3/F4 follicles. Furthermore, this CHEM inhibitory effect was significantly higher when CHEM was combined with ADIPO and VISF. Furthermore, CHEM reduced significantly oLH and oFSH- induced progesterone secretion in F1 GCs and oFSH and hIGF-1-induced progesterone secretion in F3/F4 GCs. Interestingly, this inhibitory effect of CHEM was similar in F1 GCs when CHEM was in mixture with ADIPO and VISF whereas it was significantly higher in F3/F4 GCs. Taken together, CHEM impairs progesterone secretion in cultured hen GCs and this inhibitory effect can be potentiated when it is in combination with other adipokines.
{"title":"Chicken chemerin alone or in mixture with adiponectin-visfatin impairs progesterone secretion by primary hen granulosa cells.","authors":"Ophélie Bernardi, Mathias Fréville, Christelle Ramé, Maxime Reverchon, Joëlle Dupont","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104398","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adipokines including adiponectin (ADIPO), chemerin (CHEM) and visfatin (VISF) are involved in metabolism and reproductive functions. These 3 adipokines are present in ovarian cells in different preovulatory follicles in hens. We have previously shown that VISF and ADIPO are able to modulate in vitro steroid production by hen granulosa cells (GCs). It is, however, unclear whether CHEM acts on hen ovarian cells. In addition, no study has yet investigated the effect of a mixture of several adipokines such ADIPO, VISF, and CHEM on GCs from different preovulatory follicles. In this study, we investigated the effect of CHEM alone and in combination with ADIPO and VISF on cell viability, proliferation and progesterone secretion in cultured granulosa cells (GCs) from the largest follicles F1 and smaller ones (F3/F4) in the presence of gonadotropins (oLH and oFSH) or hIGF-1. First, various concentrations of chemerin were examined (0, 12, 25, 50, and 100 ng/mL) and then we determined the response to CHEM (at 25 ng/mL) in combination with ADIPO (10 µg/mL) and VISF (100 ng/mL). Chemerin exposure did not affect F1 and F3/F4 granulosa cell viability and proliferation whatever the concentation and in the presence of the mixture. However, it reduced progesterone secretion in dose dependent manner in both F1 and F3/F4 follicles. Furthermore, this CHEM inhibitory effect was significantly higher when CHEM was combined with ADIPO and VISF. Furthermore, CHEM reduced significantly oLH and oFSH- induced progesterone secretion in F1 GCs and oFSH and hIGF-1-induced progesterone secretion in F3/F4 GCs. Interestingly, this inhibitory effect of CHEM was similar in F1 GCs when CHEM was in mixture with ADIPO and VISF whereas it was significantly higher in F3/F4 GCs. Taken together, CHEM impairs progesterone secretion in cultured hen GCs and this inhibitory effect can be potentiated when it is in combination with other adipokines.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"103 12","pages":"104398"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11539439/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104407
Vera Sommerfeld, Jörn Bennewitz, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Martina Feger, Michael Föller, Korinna Huber, Michael Oster, Siriluck Ponsuksili, Sonja Schmucker, Jana Seifert, Volker Stefanski, Klaus Wimmers, Markus Rodehutscord
The objective of this study was to characterize intestinal phytate degradation and mineral utilization by 2 laying hen strains before and after the onset of egg laying using diets without or with a mineral phosphorus (P) supplement. One offspring of 10 roosters per strain (Lohmann Brown-classic [LB] and Lohmann LSL-classic [LSL]) was sacrificed before (wk 19) and after (wk 24) the onset of egg-laying activity and following 4 wk placement in a metabolic unit. Diets were corn-soybean meal-based and without supplemented P (P-) or with 1 g/kg supplemented P (P+) from monocalcium phosphate. In wk 19 and 24, the blood plasma and digesta of duodenum+jejunum and distal ileum were collected. The concentration of P in blood plasma was higher in hens fed P+ than P- (P < 0.001). In duodenum + jejunum and ileum content, the concentrations of InsP6, Ins(1,2,4,5,6)P5 and Ins(1,2,3,4,5)P5 were lower in P- than in P+ (P ≤ 0.009). In duodenum+jejunum, the concentrations of InsP6, Ins(1,2,4,5,6)P5 and Ins(1,2,3,4,5)P5 were lower in wk 24 than 19 and lower in LSL than LB hens (P < 0.001). The concentration of myo-inositol (MI) in duodenum + jejunum content was lower in wk 19 than 24 (P < 0.001). Following a 4-d total excreta collection, the retained amount of P was higher in P+ than P- (P < 0.001). Phosphorus retention was lower in LB hens fed P- than in other treatments (P × strain: P = 0.039). In the jejunal tissue, some genes related to intracellular InsP metabolism were higher expressed in LB than LSL hens. The renunciation of mineral P increased endogenous phytate degradation, but more P was retained with supplemented P. Differences in endogenous phytate degradation between the periods before and after the onset of egg laying might be attributed to different Ca concentrations in intestinal digesta caused by different Ca needs in both periods.
{"title":"Effects of feeding diets without mineral P supplement on intestinal phytate degradation, blood concentrations of Ca and P, and excretion of Ca and P in two laying hen strains before and after onset of laying activity.","authors":"Vera Sommerfeld, Jörn Bennewitz, Amélia Camarinha-Silva, Martina Feger, Michael Föller, Korinna Huber, Michael Oster, Siriluck Ponsuksili, Sonja Schmucker, Jana Seifert, Volker Stefanski, Klaus Wimmers, Markus Rodehutscord","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104407","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objective of this study was to characterize intestinal phytate degradation and mineral utilization by 2 laying hen strains before and after the onset of egg laying using diets without or with a mineral phosphorus (P) supplement. One offspring of 10 roosters per strain (Lohmann Brown-classic [LB] and Lohmann LSL-classic [LSL]) was sacrificed before (wk 19) and after (wk 24) the onset of egg-laying activity and following 4 wk placement in a metabolic unit. Diets were corn-soybean meal-based and without supplemented P (P-) or with 1 g/kg supplemented P (P+) from monocalcium phosphate. In wk 19 and 24, the blood plasma and digesta of duodenum+jejunum and distal ileum were collected. The concentration of P in blood plasma was higher in hens fed P+ than P- (P < 0.001). In duodenum + jejunum and ileum content, the concentrations of InsP<sub>6</sub>, Ins(1,2,4,5,6)P<sub>5</sub> and Ins(1,2,3,4,5)P<sub>5</sub> were lower in P- than in P+ (P ≤ 0.009). In duodenum+jejunum, the concentrations of InsP<sub>6</sub>, Ins(1,2,4,5,6)P<sub>5</sub> and Ins(1,2,3,4,5)P<sub>5</sub> were lower in wk 24 than 19 and lower in LSL than LB hens (P < 0.001). The concentration of myo-inositol (MI) in duodenum + jejunum content was lower in wk 19 than 24 (P < 0.001). Following a 4-d total excreta collection, the retained amount of P was higher in P+ than P- (P < 0.001). Phosphorus retention was lower in LB hens fed P- than in other treatments (P × strain: P = 0.039). In the jejunal tissue, some genes related to intracellular InsP metabolism were higher expressed in LB than LSL hens. The renunciation of mineral P increased endogenous phytate degradation, but more P was retained with supplemented P. Differences in endogenous phytate degradation between the periods before and after the onset of egg laying might be attributed to different Ca concentrations in intestinal digesta caused by different Ca needs in both periods.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"103 12","pages":"104407"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566335/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104404
Jinmei Zhu , Richun Cai , Yang Yu , Yongli Wang , Maiqing Zheng , Guiping Zhao , Jie Wen , Shubai Wang , Huanxian Cui
Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is an important indicator of livestock and poultry meat quality. Enhancing IMF deposition can significantly improve meat quality. Focusing on the core process of IMF deposition, this study used the Jingxing Yellow (JXY) chickens as a model organism and employed multi-omics approaches, including RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), and metabolomics, to identify the key genes influencing IMF deposition in chickens during development. The results indicated that the contents of triglycerides (TG) and phospholipids (PLIP) exhibited an upward trend. The TG content did not differ significantly between day 1 (D1) and day 7 (D7), but increased significantly after 35 days (D35) of age. The WGBS results revealed that CpG methylation was the predominant methylation type in the breast muscle tissue of JXY chickens. Integrative analysis of RNA-seq and WGBS identified 50 genes, including PLA2G4F, PALMD, PLSCR5, ARHGEF26, LUM, DCN, TNRC6B, CACNA1C, ROBO1, and MBTPS2, whose methylation levels were significantly negatively correlated with their expression levels. In addition, the combined Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis of differentially-expressed metabolites (DEM) and differentially-expressed genes (DEG) converged on the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway, which was significantly enriched in DEGs such as PLA2G4F, PLA2G15, LPIN1, MBOAT2, DGKH, AGPAT2, and CHKA, as well as DEM like glycerophosphocholine and phosphocholine. Notably, PLA2G4F was identified as a DEG by DNA methylation, suggesting that PLA2G4F could be a key candidate gene influencing IMF deposition during chicken development. These findings are expected to provide a solid theoretical foundation for improving meat quality through targeted genetic and epigenetic interventions.
{"title":"Integrative multiomics analysis identifies key genes regulating intramuscular fat deposition during development","authors":"Jinmei Zhu , Richun Cai , Yang Yu , Yongli Wang , Maiqing Zheng , Guiping Zhao , Jie Wen , Shubai Wang , Huanxian Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104404","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104404","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intramuscular fat (<strong>IMF</strong>) content is an important indicator of livestock and poultry meat quality. Enhancing IMF deposition can significantly improve meat quality. Focusing on the core process of IMF deposition, this study used the Jingxing Yellow (<strong>JXY</strong>) chickens as a model organism and employed multi-omics approaches, including RNA-sequencing (<strong>RNA-seq</strong>), Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (<strong>WGBS</strong>), and metabolomics, to identify the key genes influencing IMF deposition in chickens during development. The results indicated that the contents of triglycerides (TG) and phospholipids (PLIP) exhibited an upward trend. The TG content did not differ significantly between day 1 (<strong>D1</strong>) and day 7 (<strong>D7</strong>), but increased significantly after 35 days (<strong>D35</strong>) of age. The WGBS results revealed that CpG methylation was the predominant methylation type in the breast muscle tissue of JXY chickens. Integrative analysis of RNA-seq and WGBS identified 50 genes, including <em>PLA2G4F, PALMD, PLSCR5, ARHGEF26, LUM, DCN, TNRC6B, CACNA1C, ROBO1,</em> and <em>MBTPS2,</em> whose methylation levels were significantly negatively correlated with their expression levels. In addition, the combined Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (<strong>KEGG</strong>) pathway enrichment analysis of differentially-expressed metabolites (<strong>DEM</strong>) and differentially-expressed genes (<strong>DEG</strong>) converged on the glycerophospholipid metabolism pathway, which was significantly enriched in DEGs such as <em>PLA2G4F, PLA2G15, LPIN1, MBOAT2, DGKH, AGPAT2, and CHKA</em>, as well as DEM like glycerophosphocholine and phosphocholine. Notably, <em>PLA2G4F</em> was identified as a DEG by DNA methylation, suggesting that <em>PLA2G4F</em> could be a key candidate gene influencing IMF deposition during chicken development. These findings are expected to provide a solid theoretical foundation for improving meat quality through targeted genetic and epigenetic interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"103 12","pages":"Article 104404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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