Poultry Science最新文献

{"title":"Genomic scans for selection and runs of homozygosity in southern Italian turkey populations","authors":"Medhat S. Saleh ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Landi ,&nbsp;Martijn F.L. Derks ,&nbsp;Gerardo Centoducati ,&nbsp;Martien A.M. Groenen ,&nbsp;Pasquale De Palo ,&nbsp;Elena Ciani ,&nbsp;Nicola Pugliese ,&nbsp;Elena Circella ,&nbsp;Antonio Camarda","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104750","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104750","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Basilicata and Apulian (BAS-APU) turkeys, a native population in the Basilicata and Puglia regions of southern Italy, are known for their high meat quality and tolerance to local conditions. Understanding the genomic patterns of BAS-APU turkeys is critical for effective breeding and preservation strategies. In this study, we characterized runs of homozygosity (ROH), and selection signatures using the integrated haplotype score (iHS) and ROH approaches. A total of 73 BAS-APU turkeys from five populations were sequenced (12X). The inbreeding coefficients based on ROH ranged from 0.177 to 0.405. A total of 120,956 ROH were detected in BAS-APU populations. We identified 27 genomic regions that harbor 61 candidate genes in ROH islands in which single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) occur in more than 90 % of individuals. In addition, we detected 608 genomic regions under positive selection using the iHS method being 104, 98, 130, 102, and 174 for BAS, APU_C, APU_M, APU_PN, and APU_PS, respectively. For both methods, most of the genes within these regions are related to production performance, reproduction, immune responses, and adaptation. This study contributes significantly to our understanding of the genetic makeup of native turkey populations in southern Italy. The identified genes under selection can aid future breeding and conservations programs for southern Italian native turkeys. The results of inbreeding levels, especially in the absence of complete pedigrees or when only a few samples are available, which is often the case for local breeds, will help to avoid genetic relatedness in the mating plan in breeding and conservation plans for BAS-APU populations. Also, the detected genes in the selective sweep regions could be used as a marker-assisted selection to improve productive traits and adaptation of BAS-APU local populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 2","pages":"Article 104750"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic and metabolomic-based revelation of the effect of fresh corn extract on meat quality of Jingyuan chicken","authors":"Jinli Tian ,&nbsp;Yanxu Wu ,&nbsp;Wei Zhao ,&nbsp;Guojun Zhang ,&nbsp;Hu Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin Xue ,&nbsp;Lijuan Yang ,&nbsp;Tong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yaling Gu ,&nbsp;Juan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.104814","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.104814","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the effect of fresh corn extract (<strong>FCE</strong>) on chicken meat quality, 135-day-old Jingyuan chicken hens were fed diets containing different doses of FCE (<strong>CON, 0.3% FCE, 0.6% FCE and 0.9% FCE</strong>) until 180 day-old in this study. Meat performance measurements showed that the 0.6% FCE group of Jingyuan chickens had higher intramuscular fat (<strong>IMF</strong>), pressing loss (<strong>PL</strong>), amino acid and fatty acid contents (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Their breasts were collected for transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses (n=8), and 210 Differentially expressed genes (<strong>DEGs</strong>) and 29 Differentially expressed genes (<strong>DEMs</strong>) were obtained. Gene Ontology (<strong>GO</strong>) analyses of DEGs indicate multiple entries involved in IMF synthesis such as skeletal system development and cellular response to amino acid stimulation. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (<strong>GSEA-KEGG</strong>) analysis identified sphingolipid_metabolism and multiple genes affecting IMF deposition including <em>SPHK1, CERS1, CERS6, GLB1L, SGMS2, UGT8</em>, and <em>UGCG</em>. KEGG and metabolite correlation analyses of DEMs identified Aspartate, PI 38:5; PI(18:1/20:4), PI 36:3; PI(18:1/18:2), PI 36:2; PI(18:0/18:2), and PI 34:1; PI(16:0/18:1) as the likely major influences on IMF deposition in the DEMs. Correlation analysis revealed that shear force (<strong>SF</strong>) was significantly and positively correlated with Aspartate and <em>CERS6</em>; PL was significantly and positively correlated with <em>SPHK1</em> and <em>UGCG</em> (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). IMF was significantly and positively correlated with PI 34:1; PI (16:0/18:1), <em>SPHK1</em> and <em>UGCG</em>; and flesh colour yellowness b* was significantly and positively correlated with <em>SGMS2</em> (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). The above results indicate that feeding a basal diet containing 0.6% FCE can improve the meat quality of Jingyuan chicken, which provides a theoretical basis for improving the meat quality of Jingyuan chicken.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 2","pages":"Article 104814"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143029451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular responses to clove and oregano essential oils are associated with reduced inflammation and improved gut barrier function in broiler chickens","authors":"Inkyung Park ,&nbsp;Hyoyoun Nam ,&nbsp;Sripathy Ravichandran ,&nbsp;Emma H. Wall ,&nbsp;Hyun S. Lillehoj","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104713","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104713","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>In vitro</em> tests were conducted to characterize the host-mediated responses of chickens to Clove Essential Oil (<strong>CEO</strong>) and Oregano Essential Oil (<strong>OEO</strong>). Chicken macrophage cells (<strong>CMCs</strong>), chicken intestinal epithelial cells (<strong>IECs</strong>), quail muscle cells (<strong>QMCs</strong>), and chicken embryonic muscle cells (<strong>EMCs</strong>) were utilized in these assays. EMCs were collected from the 13-day-old embryo during egg incubation and all cell lines were seeded at 2 × 10⁵/mL in a 24-well plate. In CMCs, an inflammatory response was induced by stimulating with 1.0 µg/mL of Lipopolysaccharide (<strong>LPS</strong>). To induce muscle cell differentiation, 0.5 % FBS was used in QMCs and 2.0 % FBS in EMCs. Three different concentrations (1.0, 10.0, and 100 µg/mL) of CEO and OEO were administered. qRT-PCR was used to measure gene expression levels of IL-1β and IL-8 from CMCs, occludin, ZO-1, and MUC2 from IECs, and Pax7 and MyoG from QMCs and EMCs. Cytotoxic effects of CEO and OEO were determined using an MTT assay; CEO and OEO did not show cytotoxicity at concentrations below 0.1 mg/mL in CMCs, IECs, QMCs, and EMCs. CEO reduced (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) the LPS-induced increase of IL-1β and IL-8 in CMCs and increased (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) ZO-1 and MUC2 in IECs. OEO suppressed (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) the release of IL-8, increased ZO-1, and Pax7. Both CEO and OEO demonstrated microbicidal activity against sporozoite of <em>E. tenella</em> and <em>C. perfringens</em> bacteria, but only at doses 10-100 × higher than those that would be used in feed. These findings support our previous findings on other phytochemicals; both CEO and OEO are promising candidates for improved resilience in chickens not due to their direct antimicrobial effects, but due to gut physiological responses that take place at the level of the host.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 2","pages":"Article 104713"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142896788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring variances in meat quality between Qingyuan partridge chicken and Cobb broiler: Insights from combined multi-omics analysis","authors":"Xin Yang ,&nbsp;Bolin Cai ,&nbsp;Zhaofeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Yu Mo ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhou ,&nbsp;Ruiquan Wu ,&nbsp;Shaofen Kong ,&nbsp;Danfeng Cai ,&nbsp;Ruitong Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenhui Li ,&nbsp;Qinghua Nie","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previously, animal breeding prioritized enhancing key economic traits to improve production efficiency, leading to a gradual difference in meat quality. However, the genetic factors influencing meat quality remain unclear. To identify key genetic pathways contributing to meat quality, native Chinese yellow-feathered chicken (Qingyuan Partridge Chicken, QPC; female, n=10), and commercial chicken broiler (Cobb broiler, CB; female, n=10) were used for meat quality assessment through metabolomics, proteomics, and phosphoproteomics sequencing. The results show that QPC had lower pH (93.12%), shear force (81.46%), cooking loss (69.29%), moisture content (93.24%) and muscle fiber area (46.04%), but higher meat color values (a*(163.65%) and b*(250.27%)), drip loss (146.32%), and intramuscular fat content (382.01%) than CB (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Metabolomic, proteomic, and phosphoproteomic analyses were jointly conducted, revealing significant differences in energy metabolism strategies. Higher glycolytic enzyme activity was observed in QPC (ENO1, GAPDH, GPI, PFKM, PKM, and TPI1, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), while more energetic phosphate compounds were stored in CB. CB had higher Na⁺/K⁺ Pump protein abundance (SCN4A, LOC107051305, ATP1B4, ATP12A, ATP1A1, and ATP1A2, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and phosphorylation (ATP1A2-Ser662, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) and Ca²⁺ channel protein abundance (ATP2B4, SRL, CACNB1, CACNA1S, CACNA2D1, CAMK2G, LOC107050717 and TNNC2, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) than QPC. In QPC, CAMKII autophosphorylation activated downstream protein and increased Ca²⁺. These results suggest CB is more contractile than QPC, contributing to meat quality between CB and QPC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 2","pages":"Article 104666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732453/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142897036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"YafN-YafO toxin-antitoxin system contributes to stress resistance and virulence of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli","authors":"Qiubo Chen ,&nbsp;Yunyan Sun ,&nbsp;Qianlong Xing ,&nbsp;Zhengliang Li ,&nbsp;Song Gao ,&nbsp;Qingqing Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104760","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104760","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Avian pathogenic <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<strong>APEC</strong>) is a major threat to the poultry industry, causing bloodstream and extraintestinal infections. Type II toxin-antitoxin (<strong>TA</strong>) systems are known to aid bacterial pathogens in adapting to stress, promoting persister cell formation, and enhancing virulence. While type II TA systems have been extensively studied in many pathogens, APEC-derived TAs have received limited attention. Our study focused on the YafN-YafO type II TA system in APEC O2 strain E058. Using bacterial two-hybrid and pull-down assays, we confirmed the interaction between YafN and YafO. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (<strong>EMSA</strong>) and <em>lacZ</em> fusion reporter assays demonstrated that YafN negatively autoregulates its own operon. The deletion of <em>yafNO</em> resulted in a significant reduction in persister cell formation under antibiotic and environmental stress (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). Moreover, the <em>yafNO</em> mutant showed a ∼3-fold reduction in survival within chicken macrophages and attenuated virulence in chicken infection models, with a 44-fold increase in LD₅₀ and ∼80-fold reduction in bacterial loads in blood and tissues (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). These results demonstrate that the YafN-YafO is an active type II TA system in APEC E058, contributing to both stress resistance and virulence. Targeting this system could offer a novel strategy for controlling APEC infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 2","pages":"Article 104760"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142927957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genomic variation responding to artificial selection on different lines of Pekin duck","authors":"Xinye Zhang ,&nbsp;Fangxi Yang ,&nbsp;Jinxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Tao Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiurong Zhao ,&nbsp;Yuchen Liu ,&nbsp;Junhui Wen ,&nbsp;Hongchang Gu ,&nbsp;Gang Wang ,&nbsp;Xufang Ren ,&nbsp;Anqi Chen ,&nbsp;Lujiang Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.104785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.104785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the genomic variation in Pekin duck under artificial selection is important for improving the utilization of duck genetic resources. Here, the genomic changes in Pekin duck were analyzed by using the genome resequencing data from 96 individual samples, including 2 conservation populations and 4 breeding populations with different breeding backgrounds. The population structure, runs of homozygosity (ROH), effective population number (Ne), and other genetic parameters were analyzed. The breeding populations showed lower genetic diversity compared to the conservation populations. Maple Leaf duck and Cherry Valley duck retained low genetic diversity compared to other breeding populations, with Cherry Valley duck showing the lowest diversity and the highest inbreeding coefficient. This suggested that Cherry Valley and Maple Leaf ducks have undergone intensive selection compared to other breeding populations. By the analysis of runs of homozygosity (ROHs), some genes (e.g., <em>IGF1R</em>) associated with growth traits were identified. By the analysis of the selection signal, strong selection characteristics in certain genomic regions during the breeding of Peking duck across different selected lines were observed. In addition, copy number variations (CNVs) in Pekin duck populations were analyzed. Six regions of interest were identified, containing <em>RPA1, DOT1L, SLC25A42, RALYL, TRPA1</em>, and <em>IGFBP2</em>. Furthermore, the allele frequency distribution of these genes showed significant differences between breeding populations and conservation populations, indicating that these candidate genes could have undergone strong selection pressure during long-term selection for improved production. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the distinct evolutionary processes in Pekin ducks under artificial selection and provide valuable insights for future breeding strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 2","pages":"Article 104785"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11783388/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143010046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of the performance, egg quality and ovarian immune function of fast and slow feather strains in tianfu green shell laying hens at various stages of egg production","authors":"Zhi Hu ,&nbsp;Hengyong Xu ,&nbsp;Zhipeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuxiang Lu ,&nbsp;Yuxin Zhou ,&nbsp;Jiajun Zhu ,&nbsp;Qingqing Deng ,&nbsp;Xi Wang ,&nbsp;Yiping Liu ,&nbsp;Yao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This objective of this experiment was to compare and evaluate the performance, egg quality, and immune function of Tianfu green shell laying hens with varying feather growth rates, in order to provide a reference for their rational utilization. A total of 120 one-day-old healthy Tianfu green shell laying hens were classified into the early-feathering (EF) and late-feathering (LF) groups through phenotypic identification of feather length and qPCR molecular identification. Each group was subdivided into four replicates, with 30 chickens in each replicate. Under the identical feeding and management conditions, the live weight, tibial length, egg production performance, egg quality, serum biochemical indexes, immune protein content, and the expression of related genes in uterine and ovarian tissues were assessed and analyzed. The results indicated that LF hens exhibited significantly greater live weights at 4, 16, 27, and 43 weeks (P &lt; 0.05) and longer tibia lengths at 4 and 16 weeks (P &lt; 0.05) compared to EF hens, suggesting enhanced early growth performance. Conversely, EF hens demonstrated superior egg-laying performance, characterized by a higher laying rate during both peak (27 weeks) and late (43 weeks) laying periods (P &lt; 0.05), despite their eggs being lighter in weight (P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, EF hens exhibited the production of eggs with significantly thicker and stronger shells during the peak laying period (P &lt; 0.05), while no notable differences were observed in other egg quality parameters. Immunologically, EF hens demonstrated elevated peak serum levels of IgA, IgG, and IgM compared to LF hens. Additionally, the expression levels of IFN-γ and interleukin 6 (IL-6) genes in the ovaries were markedly higher in EF hens. These findings indicate that although LF hens excel in early growth stages, EF hens exhibit superior egg production capabilities and enhanced immune responses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 2","pages":"Article 104747"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758209/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142927959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maximizing the performance of heat stressed broilers by optimizing starch-to-lipid ratios, digestible amino acid, and metabolizable energy during the finisher phase","authors":"Dilshaan Duhra ,&nbsp;Denise Beaulieu ,&nbsp;Tory Shynkaruk ,&nbsp;Juliano C. de Paula Dorigam ,&nbsp;Rose Whelan ,&nbsp;Karen Schwean-Lardner","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104729","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104729","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects and interactions among diets formulated to have high starch-to-lipid ratios (S:L), amino acid density [indicated as % digestible lysine (DigLys)], and AME on growth performance and carcass characteristics of heat stressed broilers. A {3,3} simplex lattice design was used to assess relative effects and generate predictive models. Three basal finisher diets were formulated to have the highest S:L ratio (Basal A; 20:1), DigLys (Basal B; 1.30 %), or AME (Basal C; 3300 kcal/kg). These diets were blended at levels of 0.00, 0.33, 0.67, or 1.00 to produce 10 finisher diets. The mixtures allowed varying S:L ratios (4:1 to 20:1), DigLys (0.80 to 1.30 %), and AME (2800 to 3300 kcal/kg) content of diets. sex-separated (<em>n</em> = 6,864) Ross 708 broiler chicks were placed in separate rooms (5 male and 4 female) with a pen stocking density of 31 kg/m². Sex-specific starter and grower diets were fed until d 21. The rooms were maintained at 21°C during d 21 to 27. From d 27 to 32, the birds were subjected to cyclical heat stress, with 12 h of 31°C followed by 12 h of 21°C, with a minimum RH of 50 %. BW and feed residual weights were measured on d 21, 27, and 32, then used to calculate BW gain (BWG) and feed-to-gain ratios (F:G). On d 33, 20 birds per treatment per sex were slaughtered to determine carcass characteristics. Under these conditions (d 21 to 32), maximum male BWG of 926 g was estimated to occur when fed a diet comprised of 42.2 % Basal B and 57.8 % Basal C with a S:L ratio of 4:1, AME of 3089 kcal/kg, and 1.01 % DigLys. Diet did not influence female BWG during heat stress. Although a practical recommendation was not possible for optimal breast meat yield (% live weight) and F:G ratios, the results, indicated that increasing DigLys would improve these parameters under heat stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 2","pages":"Article 104729"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11757756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142932440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The hematopoietic function, histological characteristics, and transcriptome profiling of Wanxi white geese ovary during nesting and late-laying stages","authors":"Chunfang Zhao ,&nbsp;Tao Jin ,&nbsp;Kefeng Yang ,&nbsp;Xinyu Liu ,&nbsp;Man Ren ,&nbsp;Deyong She ,&nbsp;Qianqian Hu ,&nbsp;Shenghe Li","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.104764","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2025.104764","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite several factors influencing reproduction in geese, but the precise molecular mechanisms of egg cessation are not fully understood. In the present study, the hematopoietic parameters and serum hormone levels in Wanxi white geese were analyzed. RNA-Seq was utilized to identify the differentially expressed mRNAs (DEGs) and lncRNAs (DE lncRNAs) in the ovarian tissues associated with nesting in geese during the late-laying and nesting periods. Triglyceride (TG) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were higher in late-laying geese, while white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil (NEU), hemoglobin (HGB), and hematocrit (HCT) levels were significantly lower in late-laying geese. Serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), estrogen (E2), and progesterone (P4) increased significantly during the late-laying period, whereas prolactin (PRL) level was lower in the late-laying period than the nesting period. During the late-laying period, geese had a clear follicular hierarchy, with ovaries exhibiting mature and primary follicles. In the nesting period, the ovaries were degenerated and had many primary follicles without follicular development. Analysis of mRNA-lncRNA expression revealed 1,257 DEGs between the nesting and the late-laying stages, of which 841 were up-regulated and 416 were down-regulated DEGs. A total of 340 DE lncRNAs were identified between the nesting and the late-laying periods, with 113 being up-regulated and 227 down-regulated lncRNAs. DEGs, including <em>TMEM, DRD3, IGFBP7, MAPK13, GnRHR2, HECTD3, KCNU1, OPRD1,</em> and <em>VCAM1</em>, along with DE lncRNAs, including XR_001203613.1, XR_001206155.1, XR_001207759.1, XR_001213571.1 and XR_001214368.1 participate in reproduction in geese. Correlation analysis indicated that the cis-regulation of XR_001213096.1-<em>ITPR3</em>, XR_001203613.1-<em>GALNT15</em>, XR_001206155.1-<em>COL6A3</em>, XR_001207759.1-<em>ANKS1B</em>, and XR_001214368.1-<em>VPS45</em> participate in the molecular mechanisms underlying nesting in geese. Functional enrichment analysis revealed the DEGs and DE lncRNAs associated with focal adhesion, extracellular matrix (ECM)-receptor interaction, cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, were responsible for the differences in the ovaries between the nesting and late-laying periods. This study offers valuable information on the roles of genes and lncRNAs, and the mechanisms underlying variations in reproductive performance between the late-laying and nesting periods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 2","pages":"Article 104764"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11760318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143053372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing methods for catching and crating broiler chicken flocks: A trade-off between animal welfare, ergonomics and economics","authors":"Femke Delanglez ,&nbsp;Anneleen Watteyn ,&nbsp;Bart Ampe ,&nbsp;Veerle Segers ,&nbsp;An Garmyn ,&nbsp;Evelyne Delezie ,&nbsp;Nathalie Sleeckx ,&nbsp;Ine Kempen ,&nbsp;Niels Demaître ,&nbsp;Hilde Van Meirhaeghe ,&nbsp;Gunther Antonissen ,&nbsp;Frank A.M. Tuyttens","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Catching, carrying, and loading of broilers before transport to the slaughterhouse causes stress. In this study three catching methods (two manual (inverted, upright) and one mechanical) were compared using a cost-benefit analysis of animal welfare, ergonomics and economic analysis. Depopulation of approximately 5,000 broilers per catching method per flock (upright vs. inverted vs. mechanical: n=3; upright vs. inverted: n=9; inverted vs. mechanical: n=3 flocks) was analyzed on 15 commercial farms. Economic considerations (person-hours per 1,000 chickens), ergonomics (catcher survey, ergonomic assessment of simulated catching), and animal welfare on-farm (wing flapping frequency, catcher-bird interaction) and at the slaughterhouse (catch damage and DOA prevalence) were considered. Wing flapping frequency was lower (2.0 ± 0.1 vs. 5.4 ± 0.1, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and catcher-bird interaction was better (3.7 ± 0.2 vs. 4.4 ± 0.2, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) for upright catching compared to inverted catching based on a 7-point Likert scale. Prevalence of catch damage was lower for upright versus mechanical catching (15.5 ± 1.3% vs. 17.7 ± 1.4%, <em>P</em> = 0.046). More person-hours per 1,000 broilers were required for upright versus inverted (1.6 ± 0.1 h vs. 1.0 ± 0.1 h) and mechanical catching (0.6 ± 0.3 h) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Upright catching was 1.5 and 1.2 times more expensive than inverted and mechanical catching based on 20,000 broilers. Compared to inverted catching, fair compensation would increase by €0.012 (upright) and €0.006 (mechanical) per kg of live weight. An ergonomics expert rated manual catching as very demanding, but catchers (n = 16) disliked upright catching (more labor-intensive). This study revealed animal welfare benefits of upright versus inverted (less wing flapping, better catcher-bird interaction) and mechanical catching (less catch damage), whereas mechanical catching provided the best labor conditions. Widespread application of upright catching would require testing of entire flocks and collaboration with the poultry sector to determine fair compensation, improve labor conditions and identify strategies to minimize catch and load duration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":"104 2","pages":"Article 104704"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11745813/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142910307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}