Poultry Science最新文献_第8页

Duck β-defensin 10 inhibits Salmonella enterica by disrupting bacterial membrane integrity and its association with gut microbiota dynamics. 鸭β-防御素10通过破坏细菌膜完整性及其与肠道微生物群动力学的关系来抑制肠沙门氏菌。

IF 4.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106526

Hongbo Zeng, Junjie Zhang, Fei Wang, Yang Wen, Jie Cai, Yingping Xiao, Bindan Chen, Hua Yang, Wentao Lyu

Salmonella infections pose a significant threat to waterfowl. Avian β-defensin 10 (AvBD10), a key molecule of host innate immunity, exhibits broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and immune regulatory function. However, research on the tissue-specific expression and antibacterial activity against Salmonella of AvBD10 in waterfowl remains limited. In this study, we first revealed the expression characteristics of AvBD10 in the tissues of ducks at different ages using in vivo experiments. Subsequently, we elucidated the interaction between AvBD10 and intestinal microorganisms, such as Salmonella, by combining 16S rDNA sequencing analysis of the microbiota in the cecum. Finally, we verified the antibacterial effect of AvBD10 on Salmonella using in vitro experiments. The results revealed that the expression of AvBD10 displayed notable (P<0.05) tissue-specific patterns, exhibiting variations associated with the developmental stage in ducks. In particular, AvBD10 was prominently expressed in the cecum during the initial brooding phase, with consistent modulation observed throughout maturation. In addition, AvBD10 expression shows a significant negative correlation (R=-0.460; 95% confidence intervals: -0.632 to -0.248; P<0.05) with the relative abundance of Salmonella in the cecum. Furthermore, AvBD10 exhibited a minimum inhibitory concentration of 62.5 μg/mL against Salmonella enterica and exerted its antibacterial properties by electrostatically binding to the Salmonella cell membrane via positively charged amino acid residues, leading to disruption of the membrane structure. This study provides a significant theoretical foundation for the green and healthy breeding of livestock and poultry.

沙门氏菌感染对水禽构成重大威胁。禽β-防御素10 （AvBD10）是宿主先天免疫的关键分子，具有广谱抗菌活性和免疫调节功能。然而，对AvBD10在水禽中的组织特异性表达及对沙门氏菌的抑菌活性的研究仍然有限。在本研究中，我们首先通过体内实验揭示了AvBD10在不同年龄鸭子组织中的表达特征。随后，我们结合盲肠微生物群的16S rDNA测序分析，阐明了AvBD10与肠道微生物（如沙门氏菌）的相互作用。最后，通过体外实验验证了AvBD10对沙门氏菌的抑菌作用。结果显示，AvBD10的表达显著(P

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引用次数: 0

Independent and interactive effects of limestone solubility, dietary calcium content and phytase dose on growth performance, mineral digestibility and utilization in broilers 石灰石溶解度、饲粮钙含量和植酸酶剂量对肉鸡生长性能、矿物质消化率和利用的独立和交互影响

IF 4.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106532

A. Bello , C. Kwakernaak , R. Davin , R.R. Santos , L. Marchal , Y. Dersjant-Li

Effects of limestone solubility, dietary Ca concentration and dose of a 6-phytase (PhyG) on broiler growth performance, mineral digestibility and utilization were investigated. A randomized complete block design (2 × 3 × 2 arrangement; 12 treatments) incorporated 2 limestones [high solubility (HSL), and low solubility limestone (LSL), 94 and 58 % soluble, respectively, after 5 min at pH 3; geometric mean diameter 57 and 400 μm, respectively], 3 Ca levels: Low, Medium, High (0.65, 0.80, 0.95 % during 0 to 10 d of age; 0.55, 0.70, 0.85 % during 11 to 20 d of age; 0.45, 0.60, 0.75 % during 21 to 35 d of age), and two phytase doses [500 and 1,500 phytase units (FTU)/kg]. Diets were formulated with retainable P using a phytase matrix and fed as pelleted corn-, wheat- and soybean meal-based diets ad libitum to Ross 308 males (2,160 birds, 6 pens/treatment, 30 birds/pen). Digesta was collected on d 20 d to determine ileal digestibility (AID) of minerals. Tibias were collected on d 10, 20 and 35 for bone ash determination. There were 2-way interactions between limestone solubility and Ca level, limestone solubility and phytase dose and Ca level and phytase dose on final BW, overall BW gain and feed intake; all were reduced (P < 0.05) by increasing dietary Ca, with HSL vs. LSL, and increased with high vs. low phytase. Tibia ash was increased by high (vs. low) phytase dose across diets. The AID of P at d 20 was increased by LSL vs. HSL, reduced by increasing dietary Ca, and increased by high (vs. low) phytase dose; AID of Ca was reduced by LSL vs. HSL. The highest d 35 BW (2,571 g) was achieved with LSL, Medium Ca and 1,500 FTU/kg PhyG. Achieving optimal growth performance depended upon the combined effects of all 3 factors; in diets containing HSL and High Ca, increasing the phytase dose may maintain performance and reduce the negative effects of excess Ca.

研究石灰石溶解度、饲粮钙浓度和6-植酸酶（PhyG）用量对肉鸡生长性能、矿物质消化率和利用的影响。随机完全区组设计（2 × 3 × 2排列，12个处理）采用2种石灰石[高溶解度石灰石（HSL）和低溶解度石灰石（LSL），在pH 3下5 min后，溶解度分别为94%和58%；3种钙水平：低、中、高（0 ~ 10 d时为0.65、0.80、0.95%；11 ~ 20 d时为0.55、0.70、0.85%；21 ~ 35 d时为0.45、0.60、0.75%），两种植酸酶剂量[500和1500 FTU /kg]。采用植酸酶基质配制可获得磷饲料，以玉米、小麦和豆粕为基础，饲喂罗斯308只雄性（2160只，每处理6个栏，每栏30只）。在第20天采集食糜，测定矿物质的回肠消化率。于第10、20、35天采集胫骨进行骨灰测定。石灰石溶解度与钙水平、石灰石溶解度与植酸酶剂量、钙水平与植酸酶剂量对最终体重、总体重增重和采食量有双向交互作用；随着饲粮钙含量的增加，HSL与LSL均降低（P < 0.05），随着植酸酶含量的增加而升高（P < 0.05）。植酸酶高剂量（相对于低剂量）增加了胫骨灰分。在第20天，低剂量植酸酶比高剂量植酸酶提高了P的AID，增加饲粮钙降低了P的AID，高剂量植酸酶提高了P的AID；与HSL相比，LSL降低了Ca的AID。在LSL、中等钙和1500 FTU/kg PhyG条件下，最高可达35bw （2571 g）。实现最优生长绩效取决于3个因素的综合作用；在高钙和高盐饲粮中，增加植酸酶剂量可以维持生产性能，减少过量钙的负面影响。

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引用次数: 0

Antimicrobial resistance and genomic characteristics of avian Pasteurella multocida 禽多杀性巴氏杆菌的耐药性及基因组特征。

IF 4.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106524

Fengcheng Miao , Bing Dai , Zhiyu Li , Kaikai Lv , Junxing Li , Shuangmao Li , Shuaijie Song , Huafeng Jian , Xiaoqian Long , Yao Shen , Yinghui Wei , Hua Yang , Jiangang Ma

Background

Pasteurella multocida, the cause of fowl cholera, poses a significant economic threat to poultry. The escalation of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in this pathogen, driven by drug misuse, is a serious concern. Crucially, a comprehensive understanding of AMR patterns, molecular epidemiology, and virulence in Chinese avian strains is still lacking. This study aimed to elucidate the phenotypic and genomic characteristics of P. multocida strains isolated from avian in Zhejiang Province, China.

Result

Twenty avian-origin P. multocida strains isolated in Zhejiang Province were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, whole-genome sequencing, and virulence assessment. Resistance was most frequent to florfenicol (65%) and tetracycline (50%). Multi-Locus Sequence Typing analysis revealed that ST471 and its closely related variant ST129 collectively constituted the dominant clonal group. A total of 13 resistance genes belonging to 5 major classes were identified, with floR (75%), sul2 (50%), and tet (B) (50%) exhibiting the highest prevalence. In the Galleria mellonella model challenged with 1.5 × 10⁷ CFU/larva, ST471 strains exhibited a slower killing rate compared to ST129 strains, while the ST7 strain demonstrated low virulence.

Conclusion

This study demonstrates the increasing prevalence of avian P. multocida in China, specifically the sustained circulation of ST129 and the recent emergence of ST471, particularly in ducks. These findings underscore the urgency of continuous monitoring of strain dissemination and the evolution of multidrug resistance, providing a scientific basis for precise and rational antimicrobials use in farms and for blocking the spread of potentially high-risk strains.

背景：多杀性巴氏杆菌是禽类霍乱的病因，对家禽造成重大的经济威胁。在药物滥用的驱动下，这种病原体的抗菌素耐药性（AMR）的升级是一个严重的问题。至关重要的是，对中国禽流感菌株的AMR模式、分子流行病学和毒力的全面了解仍然缺乏。本研究旨在阐明浙江省禽源多杀假单胞菌的表型和基因组特征。结果：对浙江省分离的20株禽源多杀假单胞菌进行了药敏试验、全基因组测序和毒力评价。耐药最常见的是氟苯尼考（65%）和四环素（50%）。多位点序列分型分析表明，ST471及其近缘变异ST129共同构成优势克隆群。共鉴定出5大类13个耐药基因，其中以floR（75%）、sul2（50%）和tet (B)（50%）患病率最高。在1.5 × 10⁷CFU/幼虫攻毒的mellonella Galleria模型中，与ST129菌株相比，ST471菌株表现出较慢的杀伤率，而ST7菌株表现出较低的毒力。结论：本研究表明中国禽类多杀假单胞菌的流行正在增加，特别是ST129的持续流行和ST471的最近出现，特别是在鸭子中。这些发现强调了持续监测菌株传播和多药耐药性演变的紧迫性，为在农场精确合理地使用抗菌素和阻止潜在高风险菌株的传播提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Follicle stimulating hormone stimulates farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 expression through LSD1Ser54p in chicken ovarian granulosa cells 促卵泡激素通过LSD1Ser54p刺激鸡卵巢颗粒细胞中法尼基二磷酸法尼基转移酶1的表达。

IF 4.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106538

Yanhong Zhang , Min Zhang , Qingxin Liu , Yunliang Jiang

Ovarian follicular development in laying hens is tightly regulated by a variety of endocrine and cellular factors, among which follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) plays a decisive role. Our previous study demonstrated that phosphorylation of LSD1 at serine 54 (LSD1Ser54p) level increases after follicle selection, and FSH induces LSD1Ser54p in chicken hierarchical follicular granulosa cells (Post-GCs), suggesting a critical role of LSD1Ser54p in chicken follicle selection. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we first determined the expression pattern of LSD1Ser54p in follicular tissues and confirmed its role in reducing the levels of H3K4me1/2 and H3K9me1/2 in Post-GCs. By integrating transcriptome sequencing and CUT&Tag chromatin analysis, we identified genes that are targeted by FSH and directly bound by LSD1Ser54p, with farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1 (FDFT1) being selected for further investigations. In depth analysis of the histone modification status at the FDFT1 promoter revealed that LSD1Ser54p specifically removes H3K9me1/2 methylation, thereby alleviating chromatin repression and activating FDFT1 transcription, which ultimately promotes the cholesterol synthesis. Our findings reveal an epigenetic regulatory pathway—the FSH-LSD1Ser54p-H3K9me1/2-FDFT1 axis—operating during chicken follicle selection, providing new molecular insights into avian reproductive physiology.

蛋鸡卵巢卵泡发育受多种内分泌和细胞因素的严格调控，其中促卵泡激素（FSH）起着决定性作用。我们之前的研究表明，LSD1在丝氨酸54 （LSD1Ser54p）水平的磷酸化在卵泡选择后升高，FSH在鸡分层卵泡颗粒细胞（后gcs）中诱导LSD1Ser54p，表明LSD1Ser54p在鸡卵泡选择中起关键作用。为了阐明其潜在的机制，我们首先确定了LSD1Ser54p在卵泡组织中的表达模式，并证实了其在降低gcs后H3K4me1/2和H3K9me1/2水平中的作用。通过整合转录组测序和CUT&Tag染色质分析，我们确定了FSH靶向且直接与LSD1Ser54p结合的基因，并选择了法尼基二磷酸法尼基转移酶1 （FDFT1）进行进一步研究。对FDFT1启动子组蛋白修饰状态的深入分析表明，LSD1Ser54p特异性去除H3K9me1/2甲基化，从而减轻染色质抑制，激活FDFT1转录，最终促进胆固醇合成。我们的研究结果揭示了鸡卵泡选择过程中FSH-LSD1Ser54p-H3K9me1/2-FDFT1轴的表观遗传调控通路，为禽类生殖生理学提供了新的分子视角。

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引用次数: 0

Sport improves function of roosters testicular Leydig cells by mediating FUNDC1 运动通过介导FUNDC1改善公鸡睾丸间质细胞功能。

IF 4.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106541

Yuqi Chen , Xinyue Zhao , Jie Zheng , Yao Zhang , Hao Chen , Can Cui , Chunlin Yu , Chaowu Yang , Huadong Yin , Shunshun Han

Roosters play a crucial role in breeder chicken production. A decline in reproductive performance during the late breeding stage is a major factor limiting economic returns. Testosterone, a key hormone for maintaining secondary sexual characteristics and supporting spermatogenesis, is primarily synthesized and processed within mitochondria. With advancing age, mitochondrial function deteriorates in roosters, leading to reduced testosterone synthesis and impaired reproductive capacity. This study aimed to elucidate the mechanisms through which rest and sport affect the reproductive performance of aging roosters. A total of 36 Tianfu Pink roosters aged 110 weeks were allocated into three groups with three replicates per group. After a 4-week intervention involving rest and sport regimens, natural mating was conducted to collect reproductive performance data. The results showed that rest and sport exerted anti-inflammatory effects, significantly improved semen quality and hatching performance, increased serum levels of testosterone and gonadotropins, enhanced systemic antioxidant capacity, and markedly upregulated FUNDC1 expression in the testes. In primary chicken testicular interstitial cells, overexpression or knockdown of FUNDC1 significantly enhanced or suppressed mitochondrial function, as well as the expression of genes and proteins related to antioxidant defense and testosterone synthesis. Moreover, FUNDC1 overexpression alleviated rotenone-induced mitochondrial damage and restored testosterone synthesis in testicular interstitial cells. These findings suggest that sport may enhance testosterone synthesis in testicular interstitial cells by modulating FUNDC1 expression, thereby improving mitochondrial function and antioxidant defense. This study provides theoretical and technical insights for improving the reproductive performance of breeding roosters during the late production phase.

公鸡在种鸡生产中起着至关重要的作用。繁殖后期繁殖性能的下降是限制经济回报的主要因素。睾酮是维持第二性征和支持精子发生的关键激素，主要在线粒体内合成和加工。随着年龄的增长，公鸡的线粒体功能恶化，导致睾酮合成减少和生殖能力受损。本研究旨在阐明休息和运动对老龄公鸡繁殖性能的影响机制。试验选用110周龄天府粉红公鸡36只，随机分为3组，每组3个重复。经过为期4周的干预，包括休息和运动方案，进行自然交配以收集生殖性能数据。结果表明，休息和运动具有抗炎作用，可显著改善蛋鸡精液质量和孵化性能，提高血清睾酮和促性腺激素水平，增强全身抗氧化能力，显著上调睾丸组织FUNDC1表达。在鸡原代睾丸间质细胞中，FUNDC1的过表达或敲低均显著增强或抑制线粒体功能，以及与抗氧化防御和睾酮合成相关的基因和蛋白的表达。此外，FUNDC1过表达可减轻鱼藤酮诱导的线粒体损伤，恢复睾丸间质细胞的睾酮合成。这些发现表明，运动可能通过调节FUNDC1的表达来促进睾丸间质细胞的睾酮合成，从而改善线粒体功能和抗氧化防御。本研究为提高种鸡生产后期的繁殖性能提供了理论和技术见解。

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引用次数: 0

Cecal microbiota and Clostridium perfringens in broilers fed barley-based diets: Effects of enzyme supplementation and degree of grinding 以大麦为基础饲粮的肉鸡盲肠菌群和产气荚膜梭菌：酶添加量和研磨程度的影响。

IF 4.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106543

Eva Lena Estensmo , Camilla Sekse , Franciska S. Steinhoff , Kari Ljøkjel , Khaled Itani , Muhammad Ahmad , Cathrine Arnason Bøe , Siri Kulberg Sjurseth , Silje Granstad

Barley has been proposed as a promising and more sustainable alternative to common cereals in poultry diets. However, the use of barley in poultry diets has historically been limited, mainly due to observed negative impact on gastrointestinal health and performance. In this study, we explored the potential of incorporating barley into broiler diets, focusing on effects on Clostridium perfringens, the causative agent of necrotic enteritis in poultry, and the cecal microbiota. The study included four diets containing 54% barley, with or without the addition of non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzyme (NSPase), and one control diet without barley. The main ingredients were ground to either a fine or coarse particle size. Low C. perfringens levels were maintained in the intestines of broilers fed barley-based diets, suggesting that barley did not predispose to necrotic enteritis in this study. Broilers fed the coarse barley-based diet with NSPase exhibited the lowest abundance of Lactobacillus and the highest abundance of Faecalibacterium, and their cecal microbiota resembled that of the group fed the control diet. In contrast, broilers fed the coarse barley-based diet without NSPase exhibited the highest abundance of Lactobacillus among all groups in this study, along with a lower abundance of Faecalibacterium. Among the groups that received diets with finely ground barley, regardless of NSPase supplementation, there was no clear shift in the abundance of the two bacterial genera. These observations suggest that feed particle size and NSPase supplementation influence the composition of the cecal microbiota in broilers fed barley-based diets, and that these factors could be utilized as tools to mitigate undesirable health effects associated with the inclusion of barley in poultry diets. The findings of this study highlight the potential of including increased levels of barley in broiler diets without compromising health or performance. Further studies are warranted to explore the effects of similar inclusion levels of different barley varieties on gastrointestinal health and microbiota under varied environmental conditions.

大麦已被认为是家禽饲料中常见谷物的一种有前途和更可持续的替代品。然而，大麦在家禽日粮中的使用一直受到限制，主要是由于观察到对胃肠道健康和生产性能的负面影响。在这项研究中，我们探索了在肉鸡饲粮中添加大麦的潜力，重点研究了大麦对产气荚膜梭菌（家禽坏死性肠炎的病原体）和盲肠微生物群的影响。该研究包括4种饲粮，其中大麦含量为54%，添加或不添加非淀粉多糖降解酶（NSPase），以及1种不添加大麦的对照饲粮。主要原料被磨成细或粗的颗粒大小。在饲喂以大麦为基础的饲粮的肉鸡肠道中维持了较低的产气荚膜梭菌水平，这表明在本研究中大麦不会导致坏死性肠炎。饲粮添加NSPase的粗大麦组肉鸡乳酸菌丰度最低，粪杆菌丰度最高，盲肠菌群与对照组相似。相比之下，在本研究中，饲喂不含NSPase的粗大麦饲粮的肉鸡，乳酸菌的丰度最高，粪杆菌的丰度较低。在食用细磨大麦的组中，无论是否补充NSPase，这两种细菌属的丰度都没有明显的变化。这些观察结果表明，饲料粒度和NSPase的添加会影响饲喂大麦基饲粮的肉鸡盲肠菌群的组成，这些因素可以作为减轻家禽饲粮中添加大麦对健康的不良影响的工具。这项研究的结果强调了在不影响健康或生产性能的情况下，在肉鸡日粮中增加大麦水平的潜力。在不同环境条件下，不同大麦品种相似的包涵水平对胃肠道健康和微生物群的影响值得进一步研究。

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引用次数: 0

Integrative GWAS and RNA-seq identify MYL9 as a key regulator of pullorum disease resistance in chickens 综合GWAS和RNA-seq鉴定MYL9是鸡白痢病抗性的关键调节因子。

IF 4.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106544

Jiongwen Wu , Zhexia Fan , Xiaohuan Chao , Weiming Liang , Ruina Li , Shuya Chen , Cheng Fang , Qingbin Luo

Pullorum disease, caused by Salmonella Pullorum, is a significant avian disease that poses a serious threat to poultry health. To elucidate the host immune response characteristics and key regulatory gene mechanisms during infection, this study investigated 2,100 White Plymouth Rock hens at 100 days of age. A rapid plate agglutination (RPA) test was conducted for screening, identifying 175 individuals as strongly positive and 42 as weakly positive. Immune factor levels in peripheral blood were measured in 375 birds, revealing that the expression levels of IgG, IL-6, and IL-8 were significantly higher in the positive group than in the negative group, indicating that Salmonella Pullorum infection induces the release of immune factors.Whole-genome resequencing (WGS) of the 375 samples identified 72 SNPs significantly associated with the agglutination phenotype through genome-wide association study (GWAS), and 289 candidate genes were screened. Transcription sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis identified 536 differential expressed genes (DEGs), which were enriched in pathways related to Salmonella infection, calcium signaling, and immune responses. Integrated analysis of the GWAS and RNA-seq results revealed five overlapping genes: MYL9, SYT1, KLHL38, C11orf87, and KCNH4. Among them, MYL9 was enriched in the Salmonella infection pathway and occupied a central node in the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network. Functional validation of MYL9 in HD11 cells showed that MYL9 significantly promoted the expression of IL-2, IL-3, IL-6, IFN-α, IFN-β, and TNF-α, and increased the protein levels of IFN-α, TNF-α, and IgG in HD11 cells. It indicates that MYL9 plays a role in Salmonella Pullorum by upregulating immune factors.

白痢病是由白痢沙门氏菌引起的一种严重威胁家禽健康的重大禽病。为阐明感染过程中宿主免疫应答特征及关键调控基因机制，本研究以2100只100日龄的白普利茅斯岩鸡为研究对象。采用快速平板凝集法（RPA）筛选，强阳性175例，弱阳性42例。对375只禽鸟进行外周血免疫因子水平测定，阳性组IgG、IL-6、IL-8的表达水平明显高于阴性组，提示白痢沙门氏菌感染诱导免疫因子的释放。375份样本的全基因组重测序（WGS）通过全基因组关联研究（GWAS）鉴定出72个与凝集表型显著相关的snp，筛选出289个候选基因。转录测序（RNA-seq）分析鉴定出536个差异表达基因（deg），这些基因在沙门氏菌感染、钙信号和免疫应答相关的途径中富集。综合分析GWAS和RNA-seq结果，发现5个重叠基因：MYL9、SYT1、KLHL38、C11orf87和KCNH4。其中，MYL9在沙门氏菌感染途径中富集，并在蛋白-蛋白相互作用（PPI）网络中占据中心节点。对MYL9在HD11细胞中的功能验证表明，MYL9可显著促进IL-2、IL-3、IL-6、IFN-α、IFN-β、TNF-α的表达，提高HD11细胞中IFN-α、TNF-α、IgG蛋白水平。提示MYL9通过上调免疫因子在白痢沙门氏菌中起作用。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptomic analysis identifies hub genes involved in age-dependent abdominal fat development in chickens 转录组学分析确定了参与鸡年龄依赖性腹部脂肪发育的枢纽基因。

IF 4.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106521

Wei Wei , Najun Huang , Zihan Chen , Jingran Jiao , Chuchu Zhang , Hao Wang , Chaomu Li , Xing Guo , Runshen Jiang

Excessive accumulation of abdominal fat (AF) reduces feed efficiency and carcass yield, posing a significant challenge to the poultry industry. However, the molecular network underlying age-dependent AF development remains unclear, despite some recent progress. In this study, we quantified the abdominal adipocyte area and sequenced 20 AF transcriptomes from eight 9-week-old (9 W) and twelve 20-week-old (20 W) Wannan chickens. The abdominal adipocyte area increased significantly at 20 W compared with 9 W (p < 0.001). Differentially expressed gene analysis between the two age groups revealed 235 up-regulated and 206 down-regulated genes in the 20 W. Enrichment analysis revealed the cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, cell adhesion molecules, TGF-beta signaling pathway, and biological processes related to the cell surface receptor signaling pathway and cellular developmental process. We performed weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) using a total of 23,225 genes, which identified 32 co-expression modules. The darkgreen, lightcyan1, and royalblue modules were significantly correlated with adipocyte area, abdominal fat percentage (AFP), and age. Genes within these modules were enriched in GO terms such as the catalytic complex, oleate transmembrane transporter activity, and cell cycle process. Notably, 5 up-regulated genes were identified in the darkgreen module, 3 down-regulated genes in the lightcyan1 module, and 23 down-regulated genes in the royalblue module. Among these genes, several genes with the highest connectivity, including JUND, PAPSS2, PAK6, PIEZO2, and BUB1B, were identified as associated with the age-dependent AF development of the Wannan chickens. Overall, our results provide new insights and a valuable resource for understanding gene expression patterns associated with age-dependent AF development in chickens.

腹部脂肪（AF）的过度积累降低了饲料效率和胴体产量，对家禽业构成了重大挑战。然而，尽管最近取得了一些进展，但年龄依赖性房颤发展的分子网络仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们对8只9周龄（9 W）和12只20周龄（20 W）万南鸡的腹部脂肪细胞面积进行了量化，并对20个AF转录组进行了测序。与9 W相比，20 W时腹部脂肪细胞面积显著增加（p < 0.001）。基因表达差异分析显示，20 W期间，两个年龄组的基因表达上调235个，下调206个。富集分析揭示了细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用、细胞粘附分子、tgf - β信号通路以及与细胞表面受体信号通路和细胞发育过程相关的生物学过程。我们使用总共23,225个基因进行加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA），确定了32个共表达模块。深绿色、浅蓝色和宝蓝色模块与脂肪细胞面积、腹部脂肪百分比（AFP）和年龄显著相关。这些模块中的基因富含氧化石墨烯，如催化复合物、油酸跨膜转运蛋白活性和细胞周期过程。值得注意的是，在深绿色模块中发现了5个上调基因，在浅蓝色模块中发现了3个下调基因，在宝蓝色模块中发现了23个下调基因。在这些基因中，有几个连通性最高的基因，包括JUND、PAPSS2、PAK6、PIEZO2和BUB1B，被鉴定为与皖南鸡年龄依赖性心房纤颤的发生有关。总的来说，我们的研究结果为理解鸡年龄依赖性房颤发展相关的基因表达模式提供了新的见解和宝贵的资源。

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引用次数: 0

Recent advancements to improve drinking water quality in poultry farms 改善家禽养殖场饮用水质量的最新进展。

IF 4.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106523

Karim El-Sabrout , Giovanni Buonaiuto , Damiano Cavallini , Birendra Mishra

Water quality is paramount to poultry health and production, as birds consume approximately twice the amount of water as feed. Poor water quality, characterized by high microbial loads, undesirable pH, or elevated mineral content, can interfere with digestion, reduce bird performance, and decrease the efficacy of water-administered medications and vaccines. Traditional, single-strategy water treatments, such as basic chlorination or simple physical filtration alone, are often insufficient to meet the rigorous biosecurity and performance demands of modern commercial poultry operations. Advanced water-quality improvement approaches and technologies, including acidification (e.g., adding organic acids) and physical treatments (e.g., ionization), are therefore integral to biosecurity and successful water management. Hence, the current review discusses these recent treatments and offers a comprehensive perspective on their integration into sustainable and circular water management strategies in poultry farms, for their widespread commercial adoption. Furthermore, it demonstrates the importance of applying the Precision Livestock Farming strategies on poultry drinking water to ensure optimal water sanitization levels are maintained, thereby guaranteeing consistent water hygiene and directly enhancing overall flock productivity.

水质对家禽的健康和生产至关重要，因为鸟类消耗的水大约是饲料的两倍。水质差，其特点是微生物负荷高，pH值不理想，或矿物质含量升高，可干扰消化，降低鸟类的性能，并降低水给药物和疫苗的效力。传统的、单一策略的水处理，如基本的氯化或简单的物理过滤，往往不足以满足现代商业家禽经营的严格生物安全和性能要求。因此，先进的水质改善方法和技术，包括酸化（例如，添加有机酸）和物理处理（例如，电离），是生物安全和成功的水管理的组成部分。因此，目前的审查讨论了这些最近的处理方法，并提供了一个全面的视角，将其纳入家禽养殖场的可持续和循环水管理战略，以促进其广泛的商业采用。此外，它还证明了在家禽饮用水上应用精准畜牧业策略的重要性，以确保保持最佳的水卫生水平，从而保证水的一致性，并直接提高整体畜群的生产力。

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引用次数: 0

Effects of dietary myo-inositol supplementation on the expression of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and αKlotho in two commercial laying hen strains 饲粮中添加肌醇对2个商品蛋鸡品系成纤维细胞生长因子23 （FGF23）和α - klotho表达的影响

IF 4.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2026.106522

Leonie Meier , Ákos Szentgyörgyi , Nadine Wallauch , Martina Feger , Michael Oster , Vera Sommerfeld , Sonja Schmucker , Korinna Huber , Volker Stefanski , Klaus Wimmers , Markus Rodehutscord , Michael Föller

Phosphate homeostasis is controlled by fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) produced by bone cells in mammals and primarily acting in the kidney. For its phosphaturic effect and for suppression of production of active vitamin D, it requires αKlotho as a co-receptor. FGF23 and αKlotho have emerged as disease biomarkers. Relatively little is known about their significance in laying hens that are in particular need of balanced mineral homeostasis for eggshell formation. Dietary myo-inositol (MI) and phosphate metabolism are interdependent, and this study aimed to explore FGF23 and αKlotho expression in two commercial hen strains fed different amounts of MI. Forty Lohmann Brown Classic (LB) and Lohmann LSL-Classic (LSL) 26-week-old hens received standard diets with 0, 1, 2, or 3 g supplemental MI per kg feed for four weeks, and gene expression of FGF23 and αKlotho was measured by quantitative real-time PCR in different organs. Statistical analysis was performed with the MIXED procedure, and correlation analysis with markers of phosphate homeostasis and hepatic inflammation applying Pearson's correlation coefficient or Spearman's Rho. Three g supplemental MI per kg feed resulted in lower hepatic FGF23 expression only in LB hens. Regardless of MI supplementation, tibial FGF23 expression tended to be lower in LSL than LB hens. Moreover, supplemental MI did not significantly impact αKlotho expression, but hepatic αKlotho expression was higher in LSL than LB hens without MI supplementation and tibial and renal αKlotho expression was significantly higher in LB than in LSL hens, regardless of dietary MI. To summarize, MI supplements at 3 g/kg reduced hepatic FGF23 expression in LB, but not in LSL hens at the peak of egg-laying. Further studies might be needed to elucidate the effect before sexual maturity.

磷酸盐稳态由成纤维细胞生长因子23 （FGF23）控制，FGF23由哺乳动物骨细胞产生，主要作用于肾脏。由于其磷酸化作用和抑制活性维生素D的产生，它需要α - klotho作为辅助受体。FGF23和αKlotho已成为疾病生物标志物。相对而言，它们对蛋鸡的重要性知之甚少，因为蛋鸡特别需要平衡的矿物质来形成蛋壳。饲粮中肌醇（MI）和磷酸代谢是相互依赖的，本研究旨在探讨饲喂不同MI量的2个商业母鸡品系中FGF23和αKlotho的表达情况。40只26周龄的Lohmann Brown Classic （LB）和Lohmann LSL-Classic （LSL）分别饲喂每kg饲料添加0、1、2和3 g MI的标准饲粮4周后，采用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测FGF23和αKlotho基因在不同器官中的表达。采用MIXED程序进行统计分析，并使用Pearson相关系数或Spearman相关系数与磷酸盐稳态和肝脏炎症标志物进行相关性分析。每kg饲料中添加3 g MI仅在LB母鸡中降低肝脏FGF23表达。无论是否添加心肌梗死，LSL母鸡的胫骨FGF23表达水平往往低于LB母鸡。此外，添加MI对α - klotho表达无显著影响，但LSL母鸡肝脏α - klotho表达高于未添加MI的LB母鸡，而LB母鸡胫骨和肾脏α - klotho表达显著高于LSL母鸡，无论饲粮MI水平如何。综上所述，添加3g /kg MI可降低LB母鸡肝脏FGF23表达，但LSL母鸡产蛋高峰期FGF23表达无显著降低。可能需要进一步的研究来阐明性成熟前的影响。

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引用次数: 0