Poultry Science最新文献_第7页

Selenomethionine alleviates kidney necroptosis and inflammation by restoring lipopolysaccharide-mediated mitochondrial dynamics imbalance via the TLR4/RIPK3/DRP1 signaling pathway in laying hens 硒蛋氨酸通过TLR4/RIPK3/DRP1信号通路恢复脂多糖介导的线粒体动力学失衡，从而缓解蛋鸡肾脏坏死和炎症。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104439

Xinzhang Chen , Yixuan Wang , Muyue Zhang , Yongzhen Du , Yujiao He , Shu Li

Selenomethionine (SeMet) is a beneficial organic source of selenium that is extensively used as a food additive owing to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to the sensitivity of the kidneys to noxious stimuli, they are more susceptible to various injuries. To investigate the protective mechanisms of SeMet supplementation against kidney injury, we established an in vivo experimental model using laying hens treated with SeMet (0.5 mg/kg diet) and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (0.2 mg/kg. BW) and an in vitro model of chicken embryo primary kidney (CEK) cells treated with SeMet (0.075 mM) and with/ without LPS (60 μg/mL). SeMet treatment alleviated the LPS-induced kidney insufficiency and mitochondrial damage. Furthermore, it reduced the expression of TLR4, RIPK3, MLKL, DRP1, NLRP3, and IL-1β in the kidneys of laying hens. RIPK3 is known to induced necroptosis and inflammation by activating of the downstream factors DRP1 and MLKL. To investigate the mechanism whereby SeMet alleviates LPS-induced necroptosis in the kidney, we pretreated CEK cells with TLR4, RIPK3, and DRP1 inhibitors. The results demonstrated that RIPK3 inhibition resulted in a significantly increased in the mitochondrial membrane potential and downregulation of DRP1. Upon the inhibition of DRP1 expression, MLKL, NLRP3, and IL-1β expression also decreased. In summary, SeMet regulates the TLR4/RIPK3/DRP1 signaling pathway to restore the LPS-induced imbalances in mitochondrial dynamics, thereby alleviating necroptosis and inflammation in the kidneys of laying hen. Selenium also increases the expression of selenoproteins. This study provides valuable information for the development of new therapeutic strategies using SeMet to alleviate kidney injury.

硒蛋氨酸（SeMet）是一种有益的有机硒源，因其抗氧化和抗炎特性而被广泛用作食品添加剂。由于肾脏对有害刺激非常敏感，因此更容易受到各种伤害。为了研究补充 SeMet 对肾损伤的保护机制，我们建立了一个体内实验模型，使用 SeMet（0.5 毫克/千克日粮）和/或脂多糖（LPS）（0.2 毫克/千克体重）处理蛋鸡，以及一个体外模型，使用 SeMet（0.075 毫摩尔）处理鸡胚原代肾（CEK）细胞，并添加/不添加 LPS（60 微克/毫升）。SeMet 处理减轻了 LPS 诱导的肾功能不全和线粒体损伤。此外，它还降低了蛋鸡肾脏中 TLR4、RIPK3、MLKL、DRP1、NLRP3 和 IL-1β 的表达。众所周知，RIPK3 可通过激活下游因子 DRP1 和 MLKL 诱导坏死和炎症。为了研究 SeMet 缓解 LPS 诱导的肾脏坏死的机制，我们用 TLR4、RIPK3 和 DRP1 抑制剂预处理 CEK 细胞。结果表明，抑制 RIPK3 会导致线粒体膜电位显著升高，并下调 DRP1。抑制 DRP1 表达后，MLKL、NLRP3 和 IL-1β 的表达也随之下降。总之，SeMet 可调节 TLR4/RIPK3/DRP1 信号通路，恢复 LPS 诱导的线粒体动力学失衡，从而缓解蛋鸡肾脏的坏死和炎症。硒还能增加硒蛋白的表达。这项研究为开发使用 SeMet 缓解肾损伤的新治疗策略提供了有价值的信息。

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引用次数: 0

Rapid identification, pathotyping and quantification of infectious bursal disease virus by high-resolution melting curve quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis: An innovative technology well-suited for real-time large-scale epidemiological surveillance 通过高分辨率熔解曲线定量反转录聚合酶链反应分析，对传染性法氏囊病病毒进行快速鉴定、病理分型和定量：非常适合实时大规模流行病学监测的创新技术。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104440

Weiwei Wang , Yan Zhang , Wenbo Zuo , Yuanzheng Qiao , Jun Shi , Jianni Huang , Teng Huang , Tianchao Wei , Meilan Mo , Xiumiao He , Ping Wei

With the virus continuing to evolve, very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) and novel variant IBDV (nvIBDV) have become the predominant epidemic strains in China, exacerbated by the widespread use of attenuated vaccine strains (attIBDV), making a complex infection situation of IBDV in the field. Therefore, developing a rapid and accurate high-resolution melting curve quantitative reverse transcription PCR (HRM-qRT-PCR) for the identification and pathotyping of IBDV is crucial for clinical monitoring and disease control. Extensive data analysis and genome-screening of the three dominant IBDV pathotypes identified a specific region (nucleotides 2450–2603 in segment A) with distinct GC content as the detection target. Experimental testing of HRM-qRT-PCR revealed distinct melting curves and high sensitivity, with the detection limits of 61.2 copies/μL, 61.1 copies/μL and 67.5 copies/μL for vvIBDV, nvIBDV and attIBDV, respectively. The method exhibited excellent specificity, with no inter-genotypes cross-reactivity among the three pathotypes and no reactivity to other common avian pathogens. Applied to samples with double and triple co-infections of different IBDV pathotypes, the method displayed specific melting peaks corresponding to the viruses present in the samples, with an accuracy rate of 100 %. This method precisely identifies and differentiates all the single or co-infected samples, generating distinct peaks corresponding to the Tm values of each virus pathotype in traditional melting curve plots. Furthermore, the method overcomes the limitations of traditional pathotyping methods, requiring only one reaction to achieve rapid viral pathotyping and facilitating quantitative analysis of viruses within the samples. This study introduces an innovative HRM-qRT-PCR method, offering new technology to rapid and accurate identification, pathotyping and quantification of vvIBDV, nvIBDV, and attIBDV. With strong discriminatory power, user-friendliness and a short processing time, this method is highly attractive for the rapid IBDV pathotyping in real-time large-scale epidemiological surveillance during outbreaks.

随着病毒的不断进化，毒力极强的IBDV（vvIBDV）和新型变异IBDV（nvIBDV）已成为中国流行病的主要毒株，而减毒疫苗株（attIBDV）的广泛使用又加剧了这一趋势，使得IBDV在野外的感染情况变得复杂。因此，开发一种快速、准确的高分辨率熔解曲线定量反转录 PCR（HRM-qRT-PCR）技术用于 IBDV 的鉴定和病原分型对于临床监测和疾病控制至关重要。通过对三种主要 IBDV 病型进行广泛的数据分析和基因组筛选，确定了一个具有独特 GC 含量的特定区域（A 段的 2450-2603 个核苷酸）作为检测目标。HRM-qRT-PCR的实验测试显示了明显的熔解曲线和高灵敏度，vvIBDV、nvIBDV和attIBDV的检测限分别为61.2拷贝/μL、61.1拷贝/μL和67.5拷贝/μL。该方法具有极好的特异性，三种病原体之间没有基因型交叉反应，对其他常见禽病原体也没有反应。将该方法应用于双重和三重不同 IBDV 病原体共感染的样品，可显示出与样品中病毒相对应的特异性熔解峰，准确率达 100%。该方法能精确识别和区分所有单一或混合感染的样本，在传统的熔解曲线图中产生与每种病毒病原体 Tm 值相对应的不同峰值。此外，该方法克服了传统病理分型方法的局限性，只需一个反应即可实现快速病毒病理分型，便于对样本中的病毒进行定量分析。本研究介绍了一种创新的 HRM-qRT-PCR 方法，为快速准确地鉴定 vvIBDV、nvIBDV 和 attIBDV 并对其进行病理分型和定量提供了新技术。该方法具有鉴别力强、操作简便、处理时间短等优点，对疫情爆发期间大规模流行病学实时监测中的快速 IBDV 病理分型具有极大的吸引力。

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引用次数: 0

Deoxynivalenol mycotoxin dietary exposure on broiler performance and small intestine health: A comprehensive meta-analysis. 脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇霉菌毒素对肉鸡生产性能和小肠健康的影响：综合荟萃分析

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104412

Chala Adugna, Kai Wang, Jian Du, Chunmei Li

The effect of DON mycotoxins on broiler production performance and the small intestine is a critical factor in the health and well-being of broilers. Several studies have been conducted on this topic and have reported varying results and conclusions. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct systematic reviews and meta-analyses to thoroughly examine and draw unique conclusions. In this meta-analysis, we conducted a systematic review of multiple studies on the effects of DON mycotoxins in broilers. The analysis comprised 26 articles from reputable journals, and 14 parameters were identified based on the predetermined criteria. The forest plot results showed that DON treatment significantly reduced the ADFI and ADWG (SMD-1.50, 95 %CI [-1.68, -1.18]; I²= 51 %; p < 0.00001) and affected FCR (SMD 0.95, 95 %CI [ 0.62, 1.28]; I²= 77; p < 0.00001). In addition, it affects the small intestine structure duodenum (SMD -3.46, 95 %CI [-3.88, -3.05]; I²= 48 %; p < 0.00001), Jejunum (SMD -5.35, 95 %CI [-5.86, -4.83]; I²= 62 %; p < 0.00001), Ileum (SMD -2.6, 95 % CI [-3.12, -2.08]; I²= 82 %; p < 0.00001). Furthermore, DON exposure affects immunoglobulin (SMD -1.92, 95 % CI [ -2.39, -1.46]; I² = 54 %; p < 0.00001) and antioxidant activities (SMD -2.1, 95 % CI [ -2.45, -1.75]; I2= 47 %; p < 0.00001). The overall effect of DON treatment was statistically significant compared with that of the control group. Furthermore, funnel plot analysis for publication bias did not reveal any significant asymmetry in most included studies. The results of this meta-analysis indicate that DON mycotoxins have a significant impact on both production performance and small intestine health and require strategic intervention.

DON霉菌毒素对肉鸡生产性能和小肠的影响是影响肉鸡健康和福利的关键因素。关于这一主题已经进行了多项研究，报告的结果和结论各不相同。因此，有必要进行系统综述和荟萃分析，以彻底研究并得出独特的结论。在这项荟萃分析中，我们对有关 DON 霉菌毒素对肉鸡影响的多项研究进行了系统回顾。分析包括来自著名期刊的 26 篇文章，根据预定标准确定了 14 个参数。森林图结果显示，DON处理显著降低了ADFI和ADWG（SMD-1.50，95 %CI [ -1.68, -1.18]; I2= 51 %; p < 0.00001），并影响了FCR（SMD 0.95，95 %CI [ 0.62, 1.28]; I2= 77; p < 0.00001）。此外，它还影响小肠结构十二指肠（SMD -3.46，95 %CI [-3.88，-3.05]；I2= 48 %；p < 0.00001）、空肠（SMD -5.35，95 %CI [-5.86，-4.83]；I2= 62 %；p < 0.00001）、回肠（SMD -2.6，95 %CI [-3.12，-2.08]；I2= 82 %；p < 0.00001）。此外，接触 DON 会影响免疫球蛋白（SMD -1.92，95 % CI [ -2.39，-1.46]；I2= 54 %；p <0.00001）和抗氧化活性（SMD -2.1，95 % CI [ -2.45，-1.75]；I2= 47 %；p <0.00001）。与对照组相比，DON 治疗的总体效果具有统计学意义。此外，针对发表偏倚的漏斗图分析并未发现大多数纳入研究存在明显的不对称性。这项荟萃分析的结果表明，DON霉菌毒素对生产性能和小肠健康都有重大影响，需要进行战略性干预。

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引用次数: 0

Single-cell transcriptomics and tissue metabolomics uncover mechanisms underlying wooden breast disease in broilers 单细胞转录组学和组织代谢组学揭示肉鸡木质乳房疾病的内在机制

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104433

Di Zhao , Zehe Song , Li Shen , Tian Xia , Qingyuan Ouyang , Haihan Zhang , Xi He , Kelang Kang

Accompanied by the accelerated growth rate of chickens, the quality of chicken meat has deteriorated in recent years. Wooden breast (WB) is a severe myopathy affecting meat quality, and its pathophysiology depends on gene expression and intercellular interactions of various cell types, which are not yet fully understood. We have performed a comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic atlas of chicken WB muscle. Our data showed a significant increase in the number of immune cells, WB muscle displayed a unique cluster of macrophages (cluster 11), distinct from the M1 and M2 macrophages. Regarding the myocytes, the most significant differences were the decrease in cell number and the intensification of fatty deposits. Satellite cells were involved in muscle repair and regeneration producing more collagen. Interestingly, the interaction network in the WB group was weaker compared to that in normal breast muscle. Additionally, we found six key differential metabolites across 22 pathways. When WB occurs, myocytes and endothelial cells undergo apoptosis, macrophages are activated and exert immune functions, satellite cells participate in muscle rebuilding and repair, and the content of metabolites undergoes significant changes. This cell transcriptome profile provides an essential reference for future studies on the development and remodeling of WB.

近年来，随着鸡只生长速度的加快，鸡肉的质量也在不断下降。木质胸肌（WB）是一种影响肉质的严重肌病，其病理生理学取决于各种细胞类型的基因表达和细胞间相互作用，而目前对这些尚未完全了解。我们对鸡肉板筋肌肉进行了全面的转录组和代谢组图谱研究。我们的数据显示，免疫细胞的数量明显增加，WB 肌肉显示出独特的巨噬细胞群（群 11），有别于 M1 和 M2 巨噬细胞。在肌细胞方面，最显著的差异是细胞数量的减少和脂肪沉积的增加。卫星细胞参与肌肉修复和再生，产生更多胶原蛋白。有趣的是，与正常乳腺肌肉相比，WB 组的相互作用网络更弱。此外，我们还在 22 条途径中发现了六种关键的差异代谢物。发生 WB 时，肌细胞和内皮细胞会凋亡，巨噬细胞会被激活并发挥免疫功能，卫星细胞会参与肌肉重建和修复，代谢物的含量也会发生显著变化。该细胞转录组图谱为今后研究 WB 的发展和重塑提供了重要参考。

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引用次数: 0

Aromatase inhibitors can improve the semen quality of aged roosters by up regulating genes related to steroid hormone synthesis 芳香化酶抑制剂可以通过上调与类固醇激素合成有关的基因来改善老年公鸡的精液质量。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104413

Xuliang Luo, Xuelian Li, Zi Mei, Haobo Zhou, Yan Chen, Haoxing Wang, Ping Qiu, Yanzhang Gong

Excessive aromatase can reduce reproductive performance in aged roosters. Aromatase inhibitors (AI) can inhibit the aromatase activity and improve the semen quality of aged roosters. However, relevant molecular mechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the regulatory mechanism of AI letrozole improving semen quality in aged roosters by transcriptomic and proteomic sequencing. In this study, 56-week-old roosters were reared in separate cages on a standard basice diet and oral letrozole 42 days (D) at a daily dose 0.25 mg/kg. Semen quality and serum hormone were measured before (0 D) and after (42 D) letrozole administration. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were detected, respectively. The results indicated that semen volume, sperm motility, sperm density, MMP, testosterone (T) and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in letrozole treatment group (LET) were significantly increased than those in control group (CN) (P<0.05); estradiol (E₂) and ROS in LET were significantly lower than those in CN (P<0.05). Through transcriptomic and proteomic analysis, we identified 189 differently expressed genes (DEGs) and 64 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the comparison of LET and CN. DEGs and DEPs Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) items are mainly enriched in steroid biosynthetic process, cell differentiation and proliferation, lipid metabolic process, oxidation-reduction process and electron transfer activity. Furthermore, 8 genes including STAR, CYP17A1, NSDHL, SULT1E1, EHF, NRNPA1, PLIN2 and SDHA were identified as key genes for letrozole to regulate semen quality in aged roosters. These results indicate that letrozole can up-regulate the expression of genes related to steroid hormone synthesis, cell differentiation and proliferation, electron transfer activity, and enhance mitochondrial activity, increase testicular weight, and ultimately improve the semen quality of aged roosters.

芳香化酶过高会降低老龄公鸡的繁殖性能。芳香化酶抑制剂（AI）可以抑制芳香化酶的活性，改善高龄公鸡的精液质量。然而，相关的分子机制仍不清楚。本研究的目的是通过转录组和蛋白质组测序，探讨AI来曲唑改善老年公鸡精液质量的调控机制。在本研究中，56周龄的公鸡被饲养在单独的笼子里，以标准基础日粮和口服来曲唑42天（D），日剂量为0.25 mg/kg。在来曲唑用药前（0 D）和用药后（42 D）测量精液质量和血清激素。分别检测了活性氧（ROS）和线粒体膜电位（MMP）。结果表明，来曲唑治疗组（LET）的精液量、精子活力、精子密度、MMP、睾酮（T）和促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）均显著高于对照组（CN）（P2），而来曲唑治疗组（LET）的ROS显著低于对照组（CN）（P3）。

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引用次数: 0

Arbutin alleviates Mycoplasma gallinarum-induced damage caused by pulmonary fibrosis via the JAK2/STAT3 pathway 熊果苷可通过 JAK2/STAT3 通路减轻支原体诱发的肺纤维化损伤。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104434

Ting Liu , Zhentao Cheng , Derong Song , Erpeng Zhu , Hui Li , Rutao Lin , Zhiling Wan , Shunxing Liu , Zeguang Gong , Chunlan Shan

Mycoplasma gallinarum (MG) can cause infectious respiratory diseases in poultry that are chronic. Arbutin (AR) possesses anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic, antitussive, and expectorant pharmacological effects, but whether it exerts regulatory effects on MG-induced pneumonia and fibrosis remains unclear. The study results unveiled that pulmonary connective tissue hyperplasia, pulmonary capillary congestion, and inflammatory cell infiltration, as well as serum levels of cytokines (i.e., TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-10), were elevated after MG infection. Collagen fibers were significantly deposited in the lung tissue from MG-infected chicks. Furthermore, the expression levels of key factors in the JAK2/STAT3 and TGF-β/Smad pathways markedly increased. AR intervention significantly alleviated MG-induced pneumonic injury, and reduced collagen deposition and the expression of fibrosis markers in the lung tissue. AR reduced the degree of pulmonary fibrosis by regulating key factors of the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in the MG-infected HD11 cells. Thus, AR effectively reduced the expression of inflammatory factors by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway, thereby improving lung inflammation and fibrosis.

五倍子支原体（MG）可引起家禽慢性呼吸道传染病。熊果苷（AR）具有抗炎、抑菌、止咳和祛痰等药理作用，但它是否对 MG 诱导的肺炎和纤维化具有调节作用仍不清楚。研究结果显示，MG 感染后肺结缔组织增生、肺毛细血管充血、炎症细胞浸润以及血清细胞因子（即 TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6 和 IL-10）水平升高。感染 MG 的雏鸡肺组织中胶原纤维明显沉积。此外，JAK2/STAT3 和 TGF-β/Smad 通路中关键因子的表达水平明显升高。AR干预能明显减轻MG诱导的肺损伤，减少肺组织中胶原沉积和纤维化标志物的表达。AR通过调节MG感染的HD11细胞中JAK2/STAT3信号通路的关键因子，减轻了肺纤维化程度。因此，AR通过调节JAK2/STAT3信号通路有效减少了炎症因子的表达，从而改善了肺部炎症和纤维化。

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引用次数: 0

The disturbance of intestinal microbiome caused by the novel duck reovirus infection in Cherry Valley ducklings can induce intestinal damage 新型鸭再病毒感染导致的樱桃谷雏鸭肠道微生物群紊乱可诱发肠道损伤

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104428

Lijie Li , Baishi Lei , Wuchao Zhang , Weizhu Wang , Chuanchuan Shang , Yibin Hu , Kuan Zhao , Wanzhe Yuan

Novel duck reovirus disease is an infectious disease mainly caused by novel duck reovirus (NDRV), which is characterized by spleen necrosis and persistent diarrhea in ducks. However, the pathogenic mechanism of NDRV infection in Cherry Valley ducks remains unclear. To investigate the distribution of NDRV in the intestines of Cherry Valley ducks, intestinal morphogenesis, intestinal permeability, inflammatory cytokines, and the expression of tight junction proteins (TJPs), we introduced NDRV via intramuscular infection. The diversity and composition of ileum flora and content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were analyzed using Illumina MiSeq sequencing. The relationship between changes in the intestinal microbial community and intestinal damage in Cherry Valley ducks infected with NDRV was also assessed to offer new insights into the pathogenesis of NDRV and intestinal flora composition. The results showed that intestinal inflammation and barrier dysfunction occurred following NDRV infection. Additionally, a significant reduction in dominant bacterial species and a decrease in SCFA content within the intestinal microbiota led to weakened colonization resistance and the enrichment of opportunistic pathogens, exacerbating intestinal damage post-NDRV infection. Notably, TJPs and inflammatory cytokine disruptions were linked to a decline in SCFA-producing bacteria and an accumulation of pathogenic bacteria. In summary, changes in the ileum intestinal flora and disruptions to the intestinal barrier were associated with NDRV infection. Consequently, disturbances in intestinal flora caused by NDRV infection can lead to intestinal damage. These findings may offer us a new perspective, targeting the gut microbiota to better understand the progression of NDRV disease and investigate its underlying pathogenesis.

新型鸭再病毒病是一种主要由新型鸭再病毒（NDRV）引起的以鸭脾脏坏死和持续腹泻为特征的传染病。然而，樱桃谷鸭感染 NDRV 的致病机制仍不清楚。为了研究 NDRV 在樱桃谷鸭肠道中的分布、肠道形态发生、肠道通透性、炎性细胞因子和紧密连接蛋白（TJPs）的表达，我们通过肌肉注射感染引入了 NDRV。利用 Illumina MiSeq 测序技术分析了回肠菌群的多样性和组成以及短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的含量。此外，还评估了感染NDRV的樱桃谷鸭肠道微生物群落的变化与肠道损伤之间的关系，为了解NDRV的发病机制和肠道菌群组成提供了新的视角。结果表明，感染 NDRV 后会出现肠道炎症和屏障功能障碍。此外，肠道微生物群中优势菌种的显著减少和 SCFA 含量的降低导致定植抵抗力减弱和机会性病原体的富集，加剧了 NDRV 感染后的肠道损伤。值得注意的是，TJPs 和炎性细胞因子的破坏与 SCFA 产菌的减少和致病菌的积累有关。总之，回肠肠道菌群的变化和肠道屏障的破坏与 NDRV 感染有关。因此，NDRV 感染引起的肠道菌群紊乱可导致肠道损伤。这些发现可能为我们提供了一个新的视角，即以肠道微生物群为目标，更好地了解 NDRV 疾病的进展并研究其潜在的发病机制。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptome analyses of shell color and egg production traits between the uteruses of blue-green eggshell chickens and Hy-Line brown layers 蓝绿蛋壳鸡与Hy-Line褐壳蛋鸡子宫间蛋壳颜色和产蛋性状的转录组分析。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104438

Huanhuan Wang , Lei Zhang , Yinghui Wei , Hang Liu , Yanlu Wang , Ying Ge , Yuchun Pan

Blue-green eggs exhibit unique shell color; however, compared to commercial layers, blue-green eggshell chickens have lower egg production and lack uniform shell colors. Aiming to confirm the molecular mechanisms that affect shell color and egg production, this study collected the uteruses of 12 blue-green eggshell chickens (BG group) and six Hy-Line layers (Brown group), which had significantly different shell color indexes (SCI) and egg numbers at 300 days of age (EN300). Transcriptome sequencing and comparative analyses were subsequently performed. BG hens were divided into two groups for comparative analysis (BGblue vs. BGgreen and BGlow vs. BGhigh, respectively), based on the differences in SCI and EN300, respectively. The result of weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA) analysis showed that the sequenced and mapped 16,785 genes were clustered into 18 modules, among which six modules with a total of 4270 genes were highly correlated with SCI and EN300 traits. Five hundred and eleven differentially expressed genes (DEGs) belonged to the six key modules. Through KEGG mapping, GO enrichment, and Cytoscape network analysis, nine Hub genes were tightly associated with SCI and EN300. The up-regulated genes were CCR2, CCR8, CD40LG, IL18RAP, INHBA, and P2RY13, while the down-regulated genes were ABCA13, ADCY2, and GRM1. Co-analyses with the results of comparisons between the BG subgroups revealed that the expression of solute carrier (SLC) proteins and ABC transporters were highly related to eggshell color, while cytokine-cytokine receptor interactions and neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions were key pathways affecting egg production. The expression of extracellular cytokines and membrane receptors were significantly up-regulated in low-yield chickens. The candidate DEGs and pathways found in the study will assist in clarifying the molecular mechanisms affecting shell color and egg production, and improve the breeding of blue-green eggshell chickens.

蓝绿蛋鸡的蛋壳颜色独特，但与商品蛋鸡相比，蓝绿蛋鸡的产蛋量较低，蛋壳颜色不均匀。为了证实影响蛋壳颜色和产蛋量的分子机制，本研究采集了12只蓝绿蛋壳鸡（BG组）和6只Hy-Line蛋鸡（Brown组）的子宫，这两组鸡的蛋壳颜色指数（SCI）和300日龄的产蛋量（EN300）有显著差异。随后进行了转录组测序和比较分析。根据 SCI 和 EN300 的差异，将 BG 母鸡分为两组进行比较分析（分别为 BGblue vs. BGgreen 和 BGlow vs. BGhigh）。加权基因共表达网络（WGCNA）分析结果表明，测序并绘制的16785个基因被聚类为18个模块，其中6个模块共4270个基因与SCI和EN300性状高度相关。有 511 个差异表达基因（DEG）属于这六个关键模块。通过KEGG图谱、GO富集和Cytoscape网络分析，9个Hub基因与SCI和EN300密切相关。上调基因为CCR2、CCR8、CD40LG、IL18RAP、INHBA和P2RY13，下调基因为ABCA13、ADCY2和GRM1。与 BG 亚组间比较结果的共同分析表明，溶质载体（SLC）蛋白和 ABC 转运体的表达与蛋壳颜色高度相关，而细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用和神经活性配体-受体相互作用是影响产蛋量的关键途径。低产鸡细胞外细胞因子和膜受体的表达明显上调。该研究发现的候选DEGs和通路将有助于阐明影响蛋壳颜色和产蛋量的分子机制，提高蓝绿蛋壳鸡的育种水平。

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引用次数: 0

Detection and differentiation of fowl adenovirus serotype 4 and duck adenovirus 3 using high resolution melting curve assay 利用高分辨率熔解曲线测定法检测和区分鸡腺病毒血清型 4 和鸭腺病毒 3。

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104426

Shuyu Chen , Cuiteng Chen , Mengyan Zhang , YuYi Chen , Wenyu Zhang , Huanru Fu , Yu Huang , Longfei Cheng , Chunhe Wan

Fowl adenovirus type 4 (FAdV-4) and duck adenovirus type 3 (DAdV-3) are the causative agents of clinical diseases in poultry and have caused considerable economic losses to the waterfowl industry in China. Both FAdV-4 and DAdV-3 are classified into the genus Aviadenovirus under the family Adenoviridae. The high-resolution melting (HRM) assay has become a useful method for virus genotyping, which offers the possibility of rapidly developing a differentiation technique in which the melting profile depends on the GC content of the product in the qPCR platform. The aim of this study was to develop a qPCR-HRM assay for sensitive FAdV-4 and DAdV-3 detection and differentiation. Here, specific primers were designed on the basis of the 100 K genes of FAdV-4 and DAdV-3, and a qPCR-HRM assay was established through optimization of the reaction conditions. A specificity test revealed that this method could detect only FAdV-4 and DAdV-3, with no cross-reaction with other common duck-derived viruses. A sensitivity test revealed that the lowest detection limits of FAdV-4 and DAdV-3 were 2.84 copies/µL and 2.85 copies/µL, respectively. A repeatability test demonstrated that the coefficient of variation was less than 2.5 % in both the intragroup and the intergroup analyses. Field sample distributions of FAdV-4 and DAdV-3 were investigated, and the percentages of DAdV-3-positive, FAdV-4-positive and coinfection-positive in Muscovy ducks were 27.78 %, 16.67 % and 11.11 %, respectively. Further studies are needed to provide more insight into the pathogenesis of FAdV-4 and DAdV-3 coinfection in ducks. In conclusion, the qPCR-HRM assay provides an accurate, sensitive, reliable and cost-effective alternative method for detecting and distinguishing FAdV-4 and DAdV-3.

鸡腺病毒4型（FAdV-4）和鸭腺病毒3型（DAdV-3）是家禽临床疾病的病原体，给中国的水禽产业造成了巨大的经济损失。FAdV-4和DAdV-3均被归入腺病毒科腺病毒属。高分辨率熔融（HRM）检测已成为病毒基因分型的有效方法，它为快速开发一种分型技术提供了可能，在这种技术中，熔融曲线取决于 qPCR 平台中产物的 GC 含量。本研究的目的是开发一种 qPCR-HRM 检测方法，用于灵敏地检测和区分 FAdV-4 和 DAdV-3。本文根据 FAdV-4 和 DAdV-3 的 100 K 基因设计了特异性引物，并通过优化反应条件建立了 qPCR-HRM 检测方法。特异性测试表明，该方法仅能检测 FAdV-4 和 DAdV-3，与其他常见鸭源病毒无交叉反应。灵敏度测试表明，FAdV-4 和 DAdV-3 的最低检测限分别为 2.84 拷贝/微升和 2.85 拷贝/微升。重复性测试表明，组内和组间分析的变异系数均小于 2.5%。对FAdV-4和DAdV-3的现场样本分布进行了调查，结果表明，在莫斯科鸭中，DAdV-3阳性、FAdV-4阳性和混合感染阳性的比例分别为27.78%、16.67%和11.11%。要深入了解鸭子 FAdV-4 和 DAdV-3 共感染的发病机理，还需要进一步的研究。总之，qPCR-HRM 分析法为检测和区分 FAdV-4 和 DAdV-3 提供了一种准确、灵敏、可靠且经济有效的替代方法。

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引用次数: 0

Transcriptional activity and variation analysis of genes critical for long-chain fatty acid (C≥16) elongation and desaturation in Pekin ducks 北京鸭长链脂肪酸（C≥16）伸长和脱饱和关键基因的转录活性和变异分析

IF 3.8 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE

Poultry Science

Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104437

Dandan Sun , Yongtong Liu , Xiaoqin Li, Mengqi Ge, Meiyi Zhu, Yuqin He, Zhuocheng Hou

To deepen our understanding of long-chain fatty acid carbon chain elongation and desaturation in ducks, this study systematically analyzed the transcriptional activities of key gene promoters, including ELOVLs, FADSs, and SCDs. Predictive modeling coupled with statistical analysis revealed a prevalence of binding motifs for transcription factors, particularly those associated with Sp1, NF-1, and C/EBPalpha. Moreover, variation analysis of resequencing data from both wild and domestic ducks, specifically mallards and Pekin ducks, informed targeted mutagenesis within the core promoter regions of ELOVL2, ELOVL5, and ELOVL6. Notably, mutations at positions -56 G>C in ELOVL2, -52 T>C in ELOVL5, and -513 T>C in ELOVL6 significantly diminished transcriptional activity. These findings substantially enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulating the biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids in ducks and support future genetic selection initiatives aimed at developing Pekin duck breeds with enhanced nutritional value.

为了加深我们对鸭体内长链脂肪酸碳链伸长和脱饱和的了解，本研究系统分析了关键基因启动子的转录活性，包括 ELOVLs、FADSs 和 SCDs。预测建模和统计分析揭示了转录因子结合基序的普遍性，特别是那些与 Sp1、NF-1 和 C/EBPalpha 相关的基序。此外，通过对野鸭和家鸭（特别是野鸭和北京鸭）的重测序数据进行变异分析，发现了 ELOVL2、ELOVL5 和 ELOVL6 核心启动子区域的定向诱变。值得注意的是，ELOVL2 中 -56 G>C 位置、ELOVL5 中 -52 T>C 位置和 ELOVL6 中 -513 T>C 位置的突变显著降低了转录活性。这些发现大大加深了我们对鸭子长链脂肪酸生物合成的分子调控机制的理解，并支持了未来旨在培育营养价值更高的北京鸭品种的遗传选育计划。

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引用次数: 0