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Research note: Effect of a biotechnologically produced Pleurotus sapidus mycelium on expression of genes involved in protein synthesis and degradation in breast muscle of broilers. 研究说明:生物技术生产的刺五加菌丝体对肉鸡胸肌蛋白质合成和降解基因表达的影响。
IF 3.8 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104450
Lea Schäfer, Javier Herrero-Encinas, Martin Rühl, Holger Zorn, Erika Most, Klaus Eder, Robert Ringseis

Recently, feeding a fungal mycelium from Pleurotus sapidus was found to reduce relative breast muscle weight of broilers. The present study tested the hypothesis that dietary inclusion of P. sapidus mycelium modulates the expression of genes involved in protein anabolic and protein catabolic pathways in breast muscle of broilers. The study included 72 male, 1-day-old Cobb 500 broilers which were randomly assigned to three groups fed three different diets containing either 0 (PSA-0), 25 (PSA-25) and 50 (PSA-50) g/kg diet P. sapidus mycelium in a three-phase feeding system for 35 days. Within the somatropic axis, the mRNA level of GHR was higher and that of IGF1R was lower in group PSA-25 than in group PSA-0 (P < 0.05). Within the mTOR signaling pathway, the mRNA level of S6K1 was higher in group PSA-25 than in group PSA-0 (P < 0.05). Within muscle growth-related genes, the mRNA level of MYOG was lower in groups PSA-25 and PSA-50 than in group PSA-0 (P < 0.05). The relative phosphorylation of proteins involved in protein anabolic pathways (S6K1, RPS6, eIF2a, AKT) did not differ across the three groups. The mRNA of most genes involved in molecular pathways of protein degradation and inhibition of protein synthesis, such as the GCN/eIF2a pathway, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, and the autophagy-lysosomal pathway, showed no differences across the three groups. Only the mRNA level of ATG9A was higher in group PSA-25 compared to group PSA-0 (P < 0.05). These observations suggest that a modulation of these signaling pathways is unlikely to explain the reduced relative breast muscle weight in broilers. Nevertheless, future studies are necessary to exclude an effect of feeding P. sapidus mycelium on other less prominent pathways affecting skeletal muscle mass.

最近,研究发现饲喂一种来自刺五加的真菌菌丝体可降低肉鸡胸肌的相对重量。本研究测试了一种假设,即在肉鸡的日粮中添加刺五加菌丝体可调节肉鸡胸肌中参与蛋白质合成代谢和蛋白质分解代谢途径的基因的表达。该研究将72只1日龄的雄性科布500肉鸡随机分为三组,分别饲喂含有0(PSA-0)、25(PSA-25)和50(PSA-50)克/千克Papidus菌丝体的三种不同日粮,三阶段饲喂系统持续35天。与PSA-0组相比,PSA-25组的GHR mRNA水平较高,而PSA-50组的IGF1R mRNA水平较低(P < 0.05)。在 mTOR 信号通路中,PSA-25 组 S6K1 的 mRNA 水平高于 PSA-0 组(P < 0.05)。在肌肉生长相关基因中,PSA-25 组和 PSA-50 组 MYOG 的 mRNA 水平低于 PSA-0 组(P < 0.05)。参与蛋白质合成代谢途径的蛋白质(S6K1、RPS6、eIF2a、AKT)的相对磷酸化在三组中没有差异。参与蛋白质降解和抑制蛋白质合成的分子途径(如 GCN/eIF2a 途径、泛素-蛋白酶体途径和自噬-溶酶体途径)的大多数基因的 mRNA 在三组之间没有差异。只有 ATG9A 的 mRNA 水平在 PSA-25 组高于 PSA-0 组(P < 0.05)。这些观察结果表明,这些信号通路的调节不太可能解释肉鸡相对胸肌重量减少的原因。尽管如此,今后仍有必要进行研究,以排除饲喂P. sapidus菌丝体对其他影响骨骼肌质量的不太显著的途径的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Identification of SNPs and INDELS associated with duck egg quality traits through a genome-wide association analysis 通过全基因组关联分析鉴定与鸭蛋质量性状相关的 SNP 和 INDELS
IF 3.8 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104459
Egg quality traits are economically important in the poultry industry. To explore the genetic architecture and identify potential candidate genes, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed for 13 egg quality traits using data from whole-genome sequencing of 299 Longyan Shan-ma female ducks, including 12 quantitative traits and one qualitative trait, eggshell color (ESC; white, light green, green). From estimation of pedigree genetic parameters, heritability (h2) ranged from 0.022 to 0.996 for the 12 quantitative traits, with the highest h2 (0.996) for eggshell color a* value (ESCA) and the lowest h2 (0.022) for egg yolk percentage relative to EW. A total of 8,874 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-based significant associations (1.0 × 10−6) and 247 insertion-deletion (indel)-based significant associations (1.00 × 10−5) were identified, including 5,980 SNPs and 159 indel markers. From 5,924 SNPs and 143 indels associated with ESC traits, 181 potential candidate genes were identified, and most significant SNPs and indels (P < 1.0 × 10−20) were located at 1.86 Mb (44.29−46.15 Mb) on chromosome 4. The top SNP (chr4:45325309:C>A; P = 7.97 × 10−43) and the top indel (chr4:45299595:delTTCCACTCCAC; P = 4.20 × 10−36) for the ESC a* value were within two known ESC candidate genes; ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2) and protein kinase cGMP-dependent 2 (PRKG2). Of 56 SNPs and 16 indels associated with other egg quality traits, 46 potential candidate genes were identified including synapse differentiation-inducing 1-like (SYNDIG1L) for EW, and core histone macro-H2A.1 (LOC101795967) and neurogenin 1 (NEUROG1) for egg shape index; and four genes including collagen type VI alpha 3 chain (COL6A3), lysine demethylase 7A (KDM7A), LOC101802169, and sperm-associated antigen 16 (SPAG16) for egg yolk weight and the percentage of yolk to total egg weight. Of the 46 genes, the molecular functions of 22 are related to protein binding, indicating important roles in the formation of egg quality traits. Our findings provide new insight into the genetic basis of egg quality traits in ducks.
蛋品质性状在家禽业中具有重要的经济意义。为了探索其遗传结构并确定潜在的候选基因,研究人员利用299只龙岩山麻鸭的全基因组测序数据对13个蛋品质状进行了全基因组关联研究(GWAS),包括12个数量性状和1个质量性状蛋壳颜色(ESC;白色、浅绿色、绿色)。根据血统遗传参数估计,12个数量性状的遗传率(h2)在0.022至0.996之间,其中蛋壳颜色a*值(ESCA)的遗传率最高(0.996),蛋黄相对于EW的百分比的遗传率最低(0.022)。共鉴定出8874个基于单核苷酸多态性(SNP)的显著关联(1.0 × 10-6)和247个基于插入缺失(indel)的显著关联(1.00 × 10-5),包括5980个SNP和159个indel标记。从与 ESC 性状相关的 5,924 个 SNP 和 143 个 indel 中,鉴定出 181 个潜在候选基因,其中最显著的 SNP 和 indel(P < 1.0 × 10-20)位于 4 号染色体上的 1.86 Mb(44.29-46.15 Mb)处。ESC a*值的最高SNP(chr4:45325309:C>A; P = 7.97 × 10-43)和最高indel(chr4:45299595:delTTCCACTCCAC; P = 4.20 × 10-36)位于两个已知的ESC候选基因内:ATP结合盒G亚家族成员2(ABCG2)和依赖cGMP的蛋白激酶2(PRKG2)。在与其他蛋品质性状相关的 56 个 SNPs 和 16 个 indels 中,确定了 46 个潜在候选基因,包括 EW 的突触分化诱导 1-like (SYNDIG1L) 和核心组蛋白宏-H2A.1 (LOC101795967)(LOC101795967)和神经原蛋白 1 (NEUROG1);以及四个候选基因,包括六型胶原蛋白α3 链 (COL6A3)、赖氨酸去甲基化酶 7A (KDM7A)、LOC101802169 和精子相关抗原 16 (SPAG16),它们与蛋黄重量和蛋黄占鸡蛋总重量的百分比有关。在这 46 个基因中,22 个基因的分子功能与蛋白质结合有关,这表明它们在蛋品质性状的形成中发挥着重要作用。我们的研究结果为了解鸭蛋品质性状的遗传基础提供了新的视角。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of genetic structure and identification of important genes associated with muscle growth in Fujian Muscovy duck 福建麻鸭遗传结构分析及与肌肉生长相关的重要基因鉴定
IF 3.8 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104445
Fujian Muscovy duck is a well-known meat waterfowl in Fujian Province due to its high meat production, superior breeding potential, and strong resistance. To fully explore the genetic characteristics of these advantages, Fujian black Muscovy duck and white Muscovy duck were used for whole-genome re-sequencing and transcriptome analyses. Population structure analysis showed significant differentiation between the two feather strains. Runs of homozygosity analysis indicated a stronger artificial influence on the black-feathered strain, with ROH island genes notably enriched in muscle tissue-related terms and pathways. Selective sweep and transcriptome analysis revealed a significant enrichment of genes linked to muscle tissue and muscle fiber-related terms and pathways. Key candidate genes identified, such as MEF2C, MYOZ2, and METTL21C, are believed to play crucial roles in meat production in Fujian Muscovy duck. This study offers a new perspective on improving meat production in Fujian Muscovy duck, which can benefit breeding strategies and production management.
福建麻鸭是福建省著名的肉用水禽,具有肉产量高、繁殖潜力大、抗逆性强等特点。为了充分发掘这些优势的遗传特性,研究人员利用福建黑鸭和福建白鸭进行了全基因组重测序和转录组分析。种群结构分析表明,这两个羽毛品系之间存在明显差异。同源性分析结果表明,黑羽品系受人工影响较大,ROH岛基因明显富集于肌肉组织相关术语和通路中。选择性扫描和转录组分析显示,与肌肉组织和肌肉纤维相关的术语和通路的基因显著富集。所发现的关键候选基因,如 MEF2C、MYOZ2 和 METTL21C,被认为在福建麻鸭的产肉过程中发挥着关键作用。本研究为提高福建麻鸭的产肉性能提供了一个新的视角,有利于育种策略和生产管理。
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引用次数: 0
Threonine modulates the STAT3-SCD1 pathway to reduce fatty acid metabolism in duck hepatocytes. 苏氨酸调节 STAT3-SCD1 通路,减少鸭肝细胞的脂肪酸代谢。
IF 3.8 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104444
Zhong Zhuang, Lei Wu, Wenqian Jia, Yongpeng Li, Yijia Lu, Minghong Xu, Hao Bai, Yulin Bi, Zhixiu Wang, Shihao Chen, Guobin Chang, Yong Jiang

Dietary threonine (Thr) is known to influence fat deposition in poultry, but the precise mechanisms behind its regulatory effects on hepatic lipid metabolism remain elusive. Prior research indicated that including supplemental Thr in the feed may influence STAT3 (Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3) levels in the liver of meat ducks. Numerous studies have recorded the function of STAT3 in regulating fatty acid (FA) metabolism in mammals. The primary objective of this study was to investigate whether Thr influences FA metabolism and triglycerides (TG) deposition in duck liver by regulating STAT3 expression. Primary hepatocytes were isolated from duck embryos and treated for 36 h with different doses of Thr (0, 10, 25, 50, 200 μM) in vitro or with a constructed STAT3 overexpression plasmid to examine the content of FAs and TG. RNA-seq was used to detect changes in gene expression in hepatocytes following STAT3 overexpression. The results demonstrated that both the exogenous addition of Thr and the overexpression of STAT3 significantly suppressed the capacity of hepatocytes for FAs deposition (P < 0.05). The overexpression of STAT3 also inhibited TG accumulation under conditions in response to Thr deficiency (P < 0.01). Transcriptomic analyses indicated that the overexpression of STAT3 inhibits the activity of triglyceride metabolism and unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis (P < 0.01). Finally, a dual-luciferase reporter test demonstrated that STAT3 may systematically target and inhibit SCD1 transcription (P < 0.01). The present study indicates that supplemental Thr (50 μM) inhibits hepatic FA deposition via the STAT3-SCD1 pathway. This work enhances our comprehension of the functional roles of Thr and STAT3 in modulating lipid metabolism within duck livers. Moreover, it provides a partial theoretical foundation for the nutritional prevention and pharmacological intervention of lipid metabolism disorders in poultry.

众所周知,日粮中的苏氨酸(Thr)会影响家禽的脂肪沉积,但其对肝脏脂质代谢的调节作用背后的确切机制仍然难以捉摸。先前的研究表明,在饲料中添加苏氨酸可能会影响肉鸭肝脏中的 STAT3(信号转导和转录激活因子 3)水平。大量研究记录了 STAT3 在调节哺乳动物脂肪酸代谢中的功能。本研究的主要目的是探讨 Thr 是否会通过调节 STAT3 的表达来影响鸭肝中的脂肪酸代谢和甘油三酯(TG)沉积。从鸭胚胎中分离出原代肝细胞,在体外用不同剂量的 Thr(0、10、25、50、200 μM)或用构建的 STAT3 过表达质粒处理 36 小时,以检测 FA 和 TG 的含量。采用 RNA-seq 技术检测 STAT3 过表达后肝细胞中基因表达的变化。结果表明,外源添加 Thr 和过表达 STAT3 都会显著抑制肝细胞的 FAs 沉积能力(P < 0.05)。在 Thr 缺乏的条件下,STAT3 的过表达也抑制了 TG 的积累(P < 0.01)。转录组分析表明,STAT3 的过表达抑制了甘油三酯代谢和不饱和脂肪酸生物合成的活性(P < 0.01)。最后,双荧光素酶报告试验表明,STAT3 可系统性地靶向并抑制 SCD1 的转录(P < 0.01)。本研究表明,补充 Thr(50 μM)可通过 STAT3-SCD1 通路抑制肝脏 FA 沉积。这项研究加深了我们对 Thr 和 STAT3 在调节鸭肝脂质代谢中的功能作用的理解。此外,它还为家禽脂质代谢紊乱的营养预防和药物干预提供了部分理论基础。
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引用次数: 0
Energy digestibility in broilers and poult performance when fed palm or soybean oil with or without glyceryl monolaurate. 添加或不添加单月桂酸甘油酯的棕榈油或大豆油喂养肉鸡的能量消化率和肉鸡的生产性能。
IF 3.8 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104442
Brian J Kerr, Sarah C Pearce, Chad R Risley, Brooke A Wilson, Dawn A Koltes

Two trials were conducted to determine interactive effects between lipid source (palm oil, PO versus soybean oil, SO) and emulsifier addition (none versus glycerol monolaurate-GML) on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) in broilers and growth performance in poults. In trial 1, 0.05 % GML addition had no impact on the ATTD of GE of SO but improved the ATTD of PO from 77.11 % to 88.21 % (interaction, P=0.03). Without GML addition, PO had a lower ATTD of GE (77.11 %) compared to SO (96.48 %) resulting in an AME of 7,259 versus 9,092 kcal/kg for PO and SO, respectively. In trial 2, the addition of 0.10 % GML reduced ADFI in poults fed diets containing 5 % PO compared to poults fed 0 or 0.05 % GML, while the addition of either 0.05 or 0.10 % GML reduced ADFI in poults fed diets containing 5 % SO compared to poults fed no GML (P=0.01). There was a similar response with ADG (P=0.01) where the addition of either 0.05 or 0.10 % GML reduced ADG in poults fed diets containing SO compared to poults fed no GML, while the addition of GML was largely without effect in poults fed diets containing PO. There was no interaction between lipid source and emulsifier addition on feed efficiency (P>0.10). Poults fed diets containing PO had a poorer feed efficiency compared to birds fed diets containing SO (P=0.01). The main effect of emulsifier was inconsistent in that poults fed the diets containing 0.10 % GML had the greatest feed efficiency compared to poults fed the diets containing 0.05 % GML, with poults fed diets containing no emulsifier being intermediate (P=0.10). In conclusion, addition of GML improved the ATTD of GE for PO but had no effect on the ATTD of GE for SO. This improvement in energy digestibility, did not however, translate to an improvement in poult performance. Broilers and poults fed diets containing SO had a greater feed efficiency compared to birds fed diets containing PO.

我们进行了两项试验,以确定脂质来源(棕榈油,PO 与大豆油,SO)和乳化剂添加量(无与甘油单月桂酸酯-GML)对肉鸡总能(GE)的表观总消化率(ATTD)和小鸡生长性能的交互影响。在试验 1 中,添加 0.05 % 的 GML 对 SO 的 GE ATTD 没有影响,但 PO 的 ATTD 从 77.11 % 提高到 88.21 %(交互作用,P=0.03)。在不添加 GML 的情况下,PO 的 GE ATTD(77.11%)低于 SO(96.48%),导致 PO 和 SO 的 AME 分别为 7,259 千卡/千克和 9,092 千卡/千克。在试验 2 中,与饲喂 0 % 或 0.05 % GML 的家禽相比,添加 0.10 % GML 会降低饲喂含 5 % PO 日粮的家禽的 ADFI,而与不添加 GML 的家禽相比,添加 0.05 % 或 0.10 % GML 会降低饲喂含 5 % SO 日粮的家禽的 ADFI(P=0.01)。ADG 也有类似的反应(P=0.01),添加 0.05 或 0.10 % GML 会降低饲喂含 SO 日粮的家禽的 ADG,而饲喂不含 GML 日粮的家禽则会降低 ADG,而添加 GML 对饲喂含 PO 日粮的家禽基本没有影响。脂质来源和乳化剂添加量对饲料效率没有交互影响(P>0.10)。与饲喂含 SO 的日粮相比,饲喂含 PO 的日粮的小鸡的饲料效率较低(P=0.01)。乳化剂的主效应不一致,饲喂含 0.10 % GML 日粮的家禽比饲喂含 0.05 % GML 日粮的家禽饲料效率最高,饲喂不含乳化剂日粮的家禽饲料效率居中(P=0.10)。总之,添加 GML 提高了 GE 对 PO 的 ATTD,但对 GE 对 SO 的 ATTD 没有影响。然而,能量消化率的提高并没有转化为家禽生产性能的提高。与饲喂含 PO 的日粮相比,饲喂含 SO 的日粮的肉鸡和小鸡的饲料效率更高。
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引用次数: 0
Selenomethionine alleviates kidney necroptosis and inflammation by restoring lipopolysaccharide-mediated mitochondrial dynamics imbalance via the TLR4/RIPK3/DRP1 signaling pathway in laying hens 硒蛋氨酸通过TLR4/RIPK3/DRP1信号通路恢复脂多糖介导的线粒体动力学失衡,从而缓解蛋鸡肾脏坏死和炎症。
IF 3.8 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104439
Selenomethionine (SeMet) is a beneficial organic source of selenium that is extensively used as a food additive owing to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to the sensitivity of the kidneys to noxious stimuli, they are more susceptible to various injuries. To investigate the protective mechanisms of SeMet supplementation against kidney injury, we established an in vivo experimental model using laying hens treated with SeMet (0.5 mg/kg diet) and/or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (0.2 mg/kg. BW) and an in vitro model of chicken embryo primary kidney (CEK) cells treated with SeMet (0.075 mM) and with/ without LPS (60 μg/mL). SeMet treatment alleviated the LPS-induced kidney insufficiency and mitochondrial damage. Furthermore, it reduced the expression of TLR4, RIPK3, MLKL, DRP1, NLRP3, and IL-1β in the kidneys of laying hens. RIPK3 is known to induced necroptosis and inflammation by activating of the downstream factors DRP1 and MLKL. To investigate the mechanism whereby SeMet alleviates LPS-induced necroptosis in the kidney, we pretreated CEK cells with TLR4, RIPK3, and DRP1 inhibitors. The results demonstrated that RIPK3 inhibition resulted in a significantly increased in the mitochondrial membrane potential and downregulation of DRP1. Upon the inhibition of DRP1 expression, MLKL, NLRP3, and IL-1β expression also decreased. In summary, SeMet regulates the TLR4/RIPK3/DRP1 signaling pathway to restore the LPS-induced imbalances in mitochondrial dynamics, thereby alleviating necroptosis and inflammation in the kidneys of laying hen. Selenium also increases the expression of selenoproteins. This study provides valuable information for the development of new therapeutic strategies using SeMet to alleviate kidney injury.
硒蛋氨酸(SeMet)是一种有益的有机硒源,因其抗氧化和抗炎特性而被广泛用作食品添加剂。由于肾脏对有害刺激非常敏感,因此更容易受到各种伤害。为了研究补充 SeMet 对肾损伤的保护机制,我们建立了一个体内实验模型,使用 SeMet(0.5 毫克/千克日粮)和/或脂多糖(LPS)(0.2 毫克/千克体重)处理蛋鸡,以及一个体外模型,使用 SeMet(0.075 毫摩尔)处理鸡胚原代肾(CEK)细胞,并添加/不添加 LPS(60 微克/毫升)。SeMet 处理减轻了 LPS 诱导的肾功能不全和线粒体损伤。此外,它还降低了蛋鸡肾脏中 TLR4、RIPK3、MLKL、DRP1、NLRP3 和 IL-1β 的表达。众所周知,RIPK3 可通过激活下游因子 DRP1 和 MLKL 诱导坏死和炎症。为了研究 SeMet 缓解 LPS 诱导的肾脏坏死的机制,我们用 TLR4、RIPK3 和 DRP1 抑制剂预处理 CEK 细胞。结果表明,抑制 RIPK3 会导致线粒体膜电位显著升高,并下调 DRP1。抑制 DRP1 表达后,MLKL、NLRP3 和 IL-1β 的表达也随之下降。总之,SeMet 可调节 TLR4/RIPK3/DRP1 信号通路,恢复 LPS 诱导的线粒体动力学失衡,从而缓解蛋鸡肾脏的坏死和炎症。硒还能增加硒蛋白的表达。这项研究为开发使用 SeMet 缓解肾损伤的新治疗策略提供了有价值的信息。
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引用次数: 0
Rapid identification, pathotyping and quantification of infectious bursal disease virus by high-resolution melting curve quantitative reverse transcription PCR analysis: An innovative technology well-suited for real-time large-scale epidemiological surveillance 通过高分辨率熔解曲线定量反转录聚合酶链反应分析,对传染性法氏囊病病毒进行快速鉴定、病理分型和定量:非常适合实时大规模流行病学监测的创新技术。
IF 3.8 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104440
With the virus continuing to evolve, very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) and novel variant IBDV (nvIBDV) have become the predominant epidemic strains in China, exacerbated by the widespread use of attenuated vaccine strains (attIBDV), making a complex infection situation of IBDV in the field. Therefore, developing a rapid and accurate high-resolution melting curve quantitative reverse transcription PCR (HRM-qRT-PCR) for the identification and pathotyping of IBDV is crucial for clinical monitoring and disease control. Extensive data analysis and genome-screening of the three dominant IBDV pathotypes identified a specific region (nucleotides 2450–2603 in segment A) with distinct GC content as the detection target. Experimental testing of HRM-qRT-PCR revealed distinct melting curves and high sensitivity, with the detection limits of 61.2 copies/μL, 61.1 copies/μL and 67.5 copies/μL for vvIBDV, nvIBDV and attIBDV, respectively. The method exhibited excellent specificity, with no inter-genotypes cross-reactivity among the three pathotypes and no reactivity to other common avian pathogens. Applied to samples with double and triple co-infections of different IBDV pathotypes, the method displayed specific melting peaks corresponding to the viruses present in the samples, with an accuracy rate of 100 %. This method precisely identifies and differentiates all the single or co-infected samples, generating distinct peaks corresponding to the Tm values of each virus pathotype in traditional melting curve plots. Furthermore, the method overcomes the limitations of traditional pathotyping methods, requiring only one reaction to achieve rapid viral pathotyping and facilitating quantitative analysis of viruses within the samples. This study introduces an innovative HRM-qRT-PCR method, offering new technology to rapid and accurate identification, pathotyping and quantification of vvIBDV, nvIBDV, and attIBDV. With strong discriminatory power, user-friendliness and a short processing time, this method is highly attractive for the rapid IBDV pathotyping in real-time large-scale epidemiological surveillance during outbreaks.
随着病毒的不断进化,毒力极强的IBDV(vvIBDV)和新型变异IBDV(nvIBDV)已成为中国流行病的主要毒株,而减毒疫苗株(attIBDV)的广泛使用又加剧了这一趋势,使得IBDV在野外的感染情况变得复杂。因此,开发一种快速、准确的高分辨率熔解曲线定量反转录 PCR(HRM-qRT-PCR)技术用于 IBDV 的鉴定和病原分型对于临床监测和疾病控制至关重要。通过对三种主要 IBDV 病型进行广泛的数据分析和基因组筛选,确定了一个具有独特 GC 含量的特定区域(A 段的 2450-2603 个核苷酸)作为检测目标。HRM-qRT-PCR的实验测试显示了明显的熔解曲线和高灵敏度,vvIBDV、nvIBDV和attIBDV的检测限分别为61.2拷贝/μL、61.1拷贝/μL和67.5拷贝/μL。该方法具有极好的特异性,三种病原体之间没有基因型交叉反应,对其他常见禽病原体也没有反应。将该方法应用于双重和三重不同 IBDV 病原体共感染的样品,可显示出与样品中病毒相对应的特异性熔解峰,准确率达 100%。该方法能精确识别和区分所有单一或混合感染的样本,在传统的熔解曲线图中产生与每种病毒病原体 Tm 值相对应的不同峰值。此外,该方法克服了传统病理分型方法的局限性,只需一个反应即可实现快速病毒病理分型,便于对样本中的病毒进行定量分析。本研究介绍了一种创新的 HRM-qRT-PCR 方法,为快速准确地鉴定 vvIBDV、nvIBDV 和 attIBDV 并对其进行病理分型和定量提供了新技术。该方法具有鉴别力强、操作简便、处理时间短等优点,对疫情爆发期间大规模流行病学实时监测中的快速 IBDV 病理分型具有极大的吸引力。
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引用次数: 0
Deoxynivalenol mycotoxin dietary exposure on broiler performance and small intestine health: A comprehensive meta-analysis. 脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇霉菌毒素对肉鸡生产性能和小肠健康的影响:综合荟萃分析
IF 3.8 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104412
Chala Adugna, Kai Wang, Jian Du, Chunmei Li

The effect of DON mycotoxins on broiler production performance and the small intestine is a critical factor in the health and well-being of broilers. Several studies have been conducted on this topic and have reported varying results and conclusions. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct systematic reviews and meta-analyses to thoroughly examine and draw unique conclusions. In this meta-analysis, we conducted a systematic review of multiple studies on the effects of DON mycotoxins in broilers. The analysis comprised 26 articles from reputable journals, and 14 parameters were identified based on the predetermined criteria. The forest plot results showed that DON treatment significantly reduced the ADFI and ADWG (SMD-1.50, 95 %CI [-1.68, -1.18]; I2= 51 %; p < 0.00001) and affected FCR (SMD 0.95, 95 %CI [ 0.62, 1.28]; I2= 77; p < 0.00001). In addition, it affects the small intestine structure duodenum (SMD -3.46, 95 %CI [-3.88, -3.05]; I2= 48 %; p < 0.00001), Jejunum (SMD -5.35, 95 %CI [-5.86, -4.83]; I2= 62 %; p < 0.00001), Ileum (SMD -2.6, 95 % CI [-3.12, -2.08]; I2= 82 %; p < 0.00001). Furthermore, DON exposure affects immunoglobulin (SMD -1.92, 95 % CI [ -2.39, -1.46]; I2 = 54 %; p < 0.00001) and antioxidant activities (SMD -2.1, 95 % CI [ -2.45, -1.75]; I2= 47 %; p < 0.00001). The overall effect of DON treatment was statistically significant compared with that of the control group. Furthermore, funnel plot analysis for publication bias did not reveal any significant asymmetry in most included studies. The results of this meta-analysis indicate that DON mycotoxins have a significant impact on both production performance and small intestine health and require strategic intervention.

DON霉菌毒素对肉鸡生产性能和小肠的影响是影响肉鸡健康和福利的关键因素。关于这一主题已经进行了多项研究,报告的结果和结论各不相同。因此,有必要进行系统综述和荟萃分析,以彻底研究并得出独特的结论。在这项荟萃分析中,我们对有关 DON 霉菌毒素对肉鸡影响的多项研究进行了系统回顾。分析包括来自著名期刊的 26 篇文章,根据预定标准确定了 14 个参数。森林图结果显示,DON处理显著降低了ADFI和ADWG(SMD-1.50,95 %CI [ -1.68, -1.18]; I2= 51 %; p < 0.00001),并影响了FCR(SMD 0.95,95 %CI [ 0.62, 1.28]; I2= 77; p < 0.00001)。此外,它还影响小肠结构十二指肠(SMD -3.46,95 %CI [-3.88,-3.05];I2= 48 %;p < 0.00001)、空肠(SMD -5.35,95 %CI [-5.86,-4.83];I2= 62 %;p < 0.00001)、回肠(SMD -2.6,95 %CI [-3.12,-2.08];I2= 82 %;p < 0.00001)。此外,接触 DON 会影响免疫球蛋白(SMD -1.92,95 % CI [ -2.39,-1.46];I2= 54 %;p <0.00001)和抗氧化活性(SMD -2.1,95 % CI [ -2.45,-1.75];I2= 47 %;p <0.00001)。与对照组相比,DON 治疗的总体效果具有统计学意义。此外,针对发表偏倚的漏斗图分析并未发现大多数纳入研究存在明显的不对称性。这项荟萃分析的结果表明,DON霉菌毒素对生产性能和小肠健康都有重大影响,需要进行战略性干预。
{"title":"Deoxynivalenol mycotoxin dietary exposure on broiler performance and small intestine health: A comprehensive meta-analysis.","authors":"Chala Adugna, Kai Wang, Jian Du, Chunmei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104412","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The effect of DON mycotoxins on broiler production performance and the small intestine is a critical factor in the health and well-being of broilers. Several studies have been conducted on this topic and have reported varying results and conclusions. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct systematic reviews and meta-analyses to thoroughly examine and draw unique conclusions. In this meta-analysis, we conducted a systematic review of multiple studies on the effects of DON mycotoxins in broilers. The analysis comprised 26 articles from reputable journals, and 14 parameters were identified based on the predetermined criteria. The forest plot results showed that DON treatment significantly reduced the ADFI and ADWG (SMD-1.50, 95 %CI [-1.68, -1.18]; I<sup>2</sup>= 51 %; p < 0.00001) and affected FCR (SMD 0.95, 95 %CI [ 0.62, 1.28]; I<sup>2</sup>= 77; p < 0.00001). In addition, it affects the small intestine structure duodenum (SMD -3.46, 95 %CI [-3.88, -3.05]; I<sup>2</sup>= 48 %; p < 0.00001), Jejunum (SMD -5.35, 95 %CI [-5.86, -4.83]; I<sup>2</sup>= 62 %; p < 0.00001), Ileum (SMD -2.6, 95 % CI [-3.12, -2.08]; I<sup>2</sup>= 82 %; p < 0.00001). Furthermore, DON exposure affects immunoglobulin (SMD -1.92, 95 % CI [ -2.39, -1.46]; I<sup>2</sup> = 54 %; p < 0.00001) and antioxidant activities (SMD -2.1, 95 % CI [ -2.45, -1.75]; I2= 47 %; p < 0.00001). The overall effect of DON treatment was statistically significant compared with that of the control group. Furthermore, funnel plot analysis for publication bias did not reveal any significant asymmetry in most included studies. The results of this meta-analysis indicate that DON mycotoxins have a significant impact on both production performance and small intestine health and require strategic intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11544052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Single-cell transcriptomics and tissue metabolomics uncover mechanisms underlying wooden breast disease in broilers 单细胞转录组学和组织代谢组学揭示肉鸡木质乳房疾病的内在机制
IF 3.8 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104433
Accompanied by the accelerated growth rate of chickens, the quality of chicken meat has deteriorated in recent years. Wooden breast (WB) is a severe myopathy affecting meat quality, and its pathophysiology depends on gene expression and intercellular interactions of various cell types, which are not yet fully understood. We have performed a comprehensive transcriptomic and metabolomic atlas of chicken WB muscle. Our data showed a significant increase in the number of immune cells, WB muscle displayed a unique cluster of macrophages (cluster 11), distinct from the M1 and M2 macrophages. Regarding the myocytes, the most significant differences were the decrease in cell number and the intensification of fatty deposits. Satellite cells were involved in muscle repair and regeneration producing more collagen. Interestingly, the interaction network in the WB group was weaker compared to that in normal breast muscle. Additionally, we found six key differential metabolites across 22 pathways. When WB occurs, myocytes and endothelial cells undergo apoptosis, macrophages are activated and exert immune functions, satellite cells participate in muscle rebuilding and repair, and the content of metabolites undergoes significant changes. This cell transcriptome profile provides an essential reference for future studies on the development and remodeling of WB.
近年来,随着鸡只生长速度的加快,鸡肉的质量也在不断下降。木质胸肌(WB)是一种影响肉质的严重肌病,其病理生理学取决于各种细胞类型的基因表达和细胞间相互作用,而目前对这些尚未完全了解。我们对鸡肉板筋肌肉进行了全面的转录组和代谢组图谱研究。我们的数据显示,免疫细胞的数量明显增加,WB 肌肉显示出独特的巨噬细胞群(群 11),有别于 M1 和 M2 巨噬细胞。在肌细胞方面,最显著的差异是细胞数量的减少和脂肪沉积的增加。卫星细胞参与肌肉修复和再生,产生更多胶原蛋白。有趣的是,与正常乳腺肌肉相比,WB 组的相互作用网络更弱。此外,我们还在 22 条途径中发现了六种关键的差异代谢物。发生 WB 时,肌细胞和内皮细胞会凋亡,巨噬细胞会被激活并发挥免疫功能,卫星细胞会参与肌肉重建和修复,代谢物的含量也会发生显著变化。该细胞转录组图谱为今后研究 WB 的发展和重塑提供了重要参考。
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引用次数: 0
Aromatase inhibitors can improve the semen quality of aged roosters by up regulating genes related to steroid hormone synthesis 芳香化酶抑制剂可以通过上调与类固醇激素合成有关的基因来改善老年公鸡的精液质量。
IF 3.8 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, DAIRY & ANIMAL SCIENCE Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104413
Excessive aromatase can reduce reproductive performance in aged roosters. Aromatase inhibitors (AI) can inhibit the aromatase activity and improve the semen quality of aged roosters. However, relevant molecular mechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the regulatory mechanism of AI letrozole improving semen quality in aged roosters by transcriptomic and proteomic sequencing. In this study, 56-week-old roosters were reared in separate cages on a standard basice diet and oral letrozole 42 days (D) at a daily dose 0.25 mg/kg. Semen quality and serum hormone were measured before (0 D) and after (42 D) letrozole administration. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) were detected, respectively. The results indicated that semen volume, sperm motility, sperm density, MMP, testosterone (T) and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in letrozole treatment group (LET) were significantly increased than those in control group (CN) (P<0.05); estradiol (E2) and ROS in LET were significantly lower than those in CN (P<0.05). Through transcriptomic and proteomic analysis, we identified 189 differently expressed genes (DEGs) and 64 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the comparison of LET and CN. DEGs and DEPs Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) items are mainly enriched in steroid biosynthetic process, cell differentiation and proliferation, lipid metabolic process, oxidation-reduction process and electron transfer activity. Furthermore, 8 genes including STAR, CYP17A1, NSDHL, SULT1E1, EHF, NRNPA1, PLIN2 and SDHA were identified as key genes for letrozole to regulate semen quality in aged roosters. These results indicate that letrozole can up-regulate the expression of genes related to steroid hormone synthesis, cell differentiation and proliferation, electron transfer activity, and enhance mitochondrial activity, increase testicular weight, and ultimately improve the semen quality of aged roosters.
芳香化酶过高会降低老龄公鸡的繁殖性能。芳香化酶抑制剂(AI)可以抑制芳香化酶的活性,改善高龄公鸡的精液质量。然而,相关的分子机制仍不清楚。本研究的目的是通过转录组和蛋白质组测序,探讨AI来曲唑改善老年公鸡精液质量的调控机制。在本研究中,56周龄的公鸡被饲养在单独的笼子里,以标准基础日粮和口服来曲唑42天(D),日剂量为0.25 mg/kg。在来曲唑用药前(0 D)和用药后(42 D)测量精液质量和血清激素。分别检测了活性氧(ROS)和线粒体膜电位(MMP)。结果表明,来曲唑治疗组(LET)的精液量、精子活力、精子密度、MMP、睾酮(T)和促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)均显著高于对照组(CN)(P2),而来曲唑治疗组(LET)的ROS显著低于对照组(CN)(P3)。
{"title":"Aromatase inhibitors can improve the semen quality of aged roosters by up regulating genes related to steroid hormone synthesis","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.psj.2024.104413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Excessive aromatase can reduce reproductive performance in aged roosters. Aromatase inhibitors (<strong>AI</strong>) can inhibit the aromatase activity and improve the semen quality of aged roosters. However, relevant molecular mechanism is still unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the regulatory mechanism of AI letrozole improving semen quality in aged roosters by transcriptomic and proteomic sequencing. In this study, 56-week-old roosters were reared in separate cages on a standard basice diet and oral letrozole 42 days (<strong>D</strong>) at a daily dose 0.25 mg/kg. Semen quality and serum hormone were measured before (0 D) and after (42 D) letrozole administration. Reactive oxygen species (<strong>ROS</strong>) and mitochondrial membrane potential (<strong>MMP</strong>) were detected, respectively. The results indicated that semen volume, sperm motility, sperm density, MMP, testosterone (<strong>T</strong>) and gonadotropin releasing hormone (<strong>GnRH</strong>) in letrozole treatment group (<strong>LET</strong>) were significantly increased than those in control group (<strong>CN</strong>) (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05); estradiol (<strong>E<sub>2</sub></strong>) and ROS in LET were significantly lower than those in CN (<em>P</em>&lt;0.05). Through transcriptomic and proteomic analysis, we identified 189 differently expressed genes (<strong>DEGs</strong>) and 64 differentially expressed proteins (<strong>DEPs</strong>) in the comparison of LET and CN. DEGs and DEPs Gene Ontology (<strong>GO</strong>) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (<strong>KEGG</strong>) items are mainly enriched in steroid biosynthetic process, cell differentiation and proliferation, lipid metabolic process, oxidation-reduction process and electron transfer activity. Furthermore, 8 genes including STAR, CYP17A1, NSDHL, SULT1E1, EHF, NRNPA1, PLIN2 and SDHA were identified as key genes for letrozole to regulate semen quality in aged roosters. These results indicate that letrozole can up-regulate the expression of genes related to steroid hormone synthesis, cell differentiation and proliferation, electron transfer activity, and enhance mitochondrial activity, increase testicular weight, and ultimately improve the semen quality of aged roosters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20459,"journal":{"name":"Poultry Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Poultry Science
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