Pub Date : 2025-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103577
Emily R. Ryznar, Michael A. Litzow
Persistent declines in the abundance of red king crab in Bristol Bay, Alaska, have triggered recent fishery closures, heightening interest in conservation measures for this stock. However, fisheries-independent data are only collected in the summer, while proposed conservation actions target red king crab bycatch in the fall and winter, and the lack of seasonal crab distribution data outside the summer hampers evaluation of proposed management actions. To address this problem, we used fishery-dependent data to build a species distribution model (SDM) for legal male red king crab during the fall directed fishery season. Our model showed that spatial distribution was driven by variability in bottom temperature, summer distribution patterns (measured by a fisheries-independent survey), depth, and maximum tidal current. While predicted hotspots of red king crab abundance generally fell within existing management areas in Bristol Bay, these hotspots shifted with temperature, suggesting that the utility of static management areas may change over time with climate conditions. This model is the first dynamic predictive tool to evaluate red king crab distribution during the directed fishery season and provides an example of using fisheries-dependent data to inform management decisions during seasons when fisheries-independent data are unavailable.
{"title":"A fisheries-dependent distribution model to address red king crab (Paralithodes camtschaticus) management in Bristol Bay, Alaska, USA","authors":"Emily R. Ryznar, Michael A. Litzow","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103577","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103577","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Persistent declines in the abundance of red king crab in Bristol Bay, Alaska, have triggered recent fishery closures, heightening interest in conservation measures for this stock. However, fisheries-independent data are only collected in the summer, while proposed conservation actions target red king crab bycatch in the fall and winter, and the lack of seasonal crab distribution data outside the summer hampers evaluation of proposed management actions. To address this problem, we used fishery-dependent data to build a species distribution model (SDM) for legal male red king crab during the fall directed fishery season. Our model showed that spatial distribution was driven by variability in bottom temperature, summer distribution patterns (measured by a fisheries-independent survey), depth, and maximum tidal current. While predicted hotspots of red king crab abundance generally fell within existing management areas in Bristol Bay, these hotspots shifted with temperature, suggesting that the utility of static management areas may change over time with climate conditions. This model is the first dynamic predictive tool to evaluate red king crab distribution during the directed fishery season and provides an example of using fisheries-dependent data to inform management decisions during seasons when fisheries-independent data are unavailable.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 103577"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-15DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103539
Neil Malan , Alex Sen Gupta , Amandine Schaeffer , Shujing Zhang , Martina A. Doblin , Gabriela Semolini Pilo , Andrew E. Kiss , Jason D. Everett , Erik Behrens , Antonietta Capotondi , Sophie Cravatte , Alistair J. Hobday , Neil J. Holbrook , Jules B. Kajtar , Claire M. Spillman
Life is ubiquitous throughout the ocean, with species abundance and richness often greatest below the surface. As a result, ocean extremes throughout the water column may impact resident marine organisms and ecosystems. However, ocean extremes, such as marine heatwaves, have been commonly described based on surface observations. Given the importance of subsurface ocean processes, such as nutrient recycling, (de)oxygenation, and carbon transport, there has been an increasing focus on subsurface marine heatwaves (MHWs). Subsurface MHWs are prolonged warm ocean temperature extremes, and have a diversity of vertical structures linked with different driving mechanisms. Warming may be confined to the surface mixed layer; it may extend much deeper, potentially affecting the entire water column; it may appear only below the surface, with no surface signature, or it may be isolated near to or connected with the seafloor. Based on existing literature and a new analysis of subsurface MHW structure, we propose a comprehensive naming convention, differentiating between mixed layer, deep, thermocline, full depth, submerged and benthic marine heatwaves. Most surface-confined MHWs are associated with surface heat fluxes or shallow ocean advection or mixing. Conversely, many subsurface events are likely related to the vertical or horizontal displacement of temperature gradients/fronts, deep advection, and/or subduction of warm waters below the mixed layer. Different MHW vertical structures also have varying impacts on ocean biogeochemistry. However, due to the sparsity of physical, biogeochemical and biological observations, as well as the complexity of identifying and describing subsurface MHWs, there is limited understanding of the impact of subsurface MHW extremes. The nomenclature proposed in this paper seeks to provide a common language for understanding subsurface MHWs, thus enabling inter-disciplinary studies to quantify their impact.
{"title":"Lifting the lid on Marine Heatwaves","authors":"Neil Malan , Alex Sen Gupta , Amandine Schaeffer , Shujing Zhang , Martina A. Doblin , Gabriela Semolini Pilo , Andrew E. Kiss , Jason D. Everett , Erik Behrens , Antonietta Capotondi , Sophie Cravatte , Alistair J. Hobday , Neil J. Holbrook , Jules B. Kajtar , Claire M. Spillman","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Life is ubiquitous throughout the ocean, with species abundance and richness often greatest below the surface. As a result, ocean extremes throughout the water column may impact resident marine organisms and ecosystems. However, ocean extremes, such as marine heatwaves, have been commonly described based on surface observations. Given the importance of subsurface ocean processes, such as nutrient recycling, (de)oxygenation, and carbon transport, there has been an increasing focus on subsurface marine heatwaves (MHWs). Subsurface MHWs are prolonged warm ocean temperature extremes, and have a diversity of vertical structures linked with different driving mechanisms. Warming may be confined to the surface mixed layer; it may extend much deeper, potentially affecting the entire water column; it may appear only below the surface, with no surface signature, or it may be isolated near to or connected with the seafloor. Based on existing literature and a new analysis of subsurface MHW structure, we propose a comprehensive naming convention, differentiating between mixed layer, deep, thermocline, full depth, submerged and benthic marine heatwaves. Most surface-confined MHWs are associated with surface heat fluxes or shallow ocean advection or mixing. Conversely, many subsurface events are likely related to the vertical or horizontal displacement of temperature gradients/fronts, deep advection, and/or subduction of warm waters below the mixed layer. Different MHW vertical structures also have varying impacts on ocean biogeochemistry. However, due to the sparsity of physical, biogeochemical and biological observations, as well as the complexity of identifying and describing subsurface MHWs, there is limited understanding of the impact of subsurface MHW extremes. The nomenclature proposed in this paper seeks to provide a common language for understanding subsurface MHWs, thus enabling inter-disciplinary studies to quantify their impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 103539"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145094010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-14DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103573
Menghui Li , Xuehui Wang , Feiyan Du , Shuai Peng , Dianrong Sun , Quehui Tang , Yuezhong Wang , Pimao Chen , Yongsong Qiu
Climate change can hamper or imbalance marine ecological functions, thereby reducing marine resources and changing their spatial distribution patterns. To further understand the impact of climate change on the spatial distribution patterns of marine organisms, this study analyzed 10 major catch fish species (category) found in the Beibu Gulf and used the MaxEnt model to explore their distribution from 2006 to 2018 based on the surveys conducted by 26 cruises on bottom trawl fishery stocks in the Beibu Gulf and five environmental factors. The spatial distribution pattern and centroid movement trends in three different CO2 emission scenarios in RCP2.6 (2041–2060) and RCP8.5 (2041–2060) were also determined. The results demonstrated that the mean area under the curve for current, RCP2.6, and RCP8.5 scenarios were 0.898, 0.897, and 0.896, respectively, indicating the reliable performance of the model. The total area suitable for Sciaenidae was reduced in RCP2.6, indicating that this might be a loser taxon. The RCP8.5 climate scenario revealed an increase in the total area suitable for the 10 major catch fish species (category), indicating that they might be winner taxa. The rates of expansion, contraction, and centroid change in their potential habitats were generally higher in RCP8.5 than in RCP2.6. The mean shift rates in the RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 scenarios were 5.79 km/10(a) and 6.14 km/10(a), respectively. Centroid analysis conducted based on future climate change patterns revealed that migration direction would be initially toward north, which would then shift to south.
{"title":"Impact of climate change on the distribution of potentially suitable habitat areas for major catch fish in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea","authors":"Menghui Li , Xuehui Wang , Feiyan Du , Shuai Peng , Dianrong Sun , Quehui Tang , Yuezhong Wang , Pimao Chen , Yongsong Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103573","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103573","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change can hamper or imbalance marine ecological functions, thereby reducing marine resources and changing their spatial distribution patterns. To further understand the impact of climate change on the spatial distribution patterns of marine organisms, this study analyzed 10 major catch fish species (category) found in the Beibu Gulf and used the MaxEnt model to explore their distribution from 2006 to 2018 based on the surveys conducted by 26 cruises on bottom trawl fishery stocks in the Beibu Gulf and five environmental factors. The spatial distribution pattern and centroid movement trends in three different CO<sub>2</sub> emission scenarios in RCP2.6 (2041–2060) and RCP8.5 (2041–2060) were also determined. The results demonstrated that the mean area under the curve for current, RCP2.6, and RCP8.5 scenarios were 0.898, 0.897, and 0.896, respectively, indicating the reliable performance of the model. The total area suitable for Sciaenidae was reduced in RCP2.6, indicating that this might be a loser taxon. The RCP8.5 climate scenario revealed an increase in the total area suitable for the 10 major catch fish species (category), indicating that they might be winner taxa. The rates of expansion, contraction, and centroid change in their potential habitats were generally higher in RCP8.5 than in RCP2.6. The mean shift rates in the RCP2.6 and RCP8.5 scenarios were 5.79 km/10(a) and 6.14 km/10(a), respectively. Centroid analysis conducted based on future climate change patterns revealed that migration direction would be initially toward north, which would then shift to south.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 103573"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The transport and distribution of trace metals in marine sediments are fundamental to the biogeochemical functioning of coastal and oceanic ecosystems. This study investigates the spatial distribution and transport mechanisms of trace metals (Cd, Ni, Zn, and Cr) in the sediments of the inner shelf of the East China Sea . Results show that trace metal concentrations decrease from the nearshore to the outer shelf, with higher levels observed near the Changjiang River estuary. This pattern is attributed to riverine inputs, with the metals primarily transported by terrestrial materials. The distribution of these metals is strongly correlated with fine-grained sediments, which serve as the primary carriers of trace metals, facilitating their along-shore transport by coastal currents. In addition to along-shore transport, cross-shelf transport also plays an important role in distributing these trace metals. A notable tongue-shaped anomaly in metal concentrations centered at approximately 29°N suggests that trace metals are transported across the shelf from the inner to the outer shelf and even into the deep sea. These findings highlight the complex interaction between along-shore and cross-shelf transport mechanisms in controlling trace metal distribution. Understanding these processes is crucial for evaluating the impacts of trace metal transport on marine ecosystems and their role in global biogeochemical cycles.
{"title":"Cross-shelf and along-shore transport of trace metals in shelf sediments of the East China Sea","authors":"Ge Meng , Xiting Liu , Kaidi Zhang , Fangjian Xu , Mingyu Zhang , Xin Chang , Yu Gu , Guang-Chao Zhuang","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103574","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103574","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The transport and distribution of trace metals in marine sediments are fundamental to the biogeochemical functioning of coastal and oceanic ecosystems. This study investigates the spatial distribution and transport mechanisms of trace metals (Cd, Ni, Zn, and Cr) in the sediments of the inner shelf of the East China Sea . Results show that trace metal concentrations decrease from the nearshore to the outer shelf, with higher levels observed near the Changjiang River estuary. This pattern is attributed to riverine inputs, with the metals primarily transported by terrestrial materials. The distribution of these metals is strongly correlated with fine-grained sediments, which serve as the primary carriers of trace metals, facilitating their along-shore transport by coastal currents. In addition to along-shore transport, cross-shelf transport also plays an important role in distributing these trace metals. A notable tongue-shaped anomaly in metal concentrations centered at approximately 29°N suggests that trace metals are transported across the shelf from the inner to the outer shelf and even into the deep sea. These findings highlight the complex interaction between along-shore and cross-shelf transport mechanisms in controlling trace metal distribution. Understanding these processes is crucial for evaluating the impacts of trace metal transport on marine ecosystems and their role in global biogeochemical cycles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 103574"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145094014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-11DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103564
Hong Che , Yi Zhong , Wenkai Guan , Qian Liu , Panfeng Li , Xue Ding , Bangqi Hu
Despite the importance of rare earth elements (REE) as tools for studying ocean processes, the quantitative contributions of various sources to deep-ocean REE distributions remain poorly constrained. In this study, we combine numerical modeling and in-situ observations to investigate the sources and transport mechanisms of REE in the deep waters of the Philippine Sea. Our findings indicate that REE concentrations are relatively low in the upper water column, primarily due to lateral transport from North Pacific Tropical Water (NPTW). At intermediate depths (<1500 m), REE distributions are controlled by the remineralization of sinking organic particles, as evidenced by a strong positive correlation with apparent oxygen utilization (AOU), while in the Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (UCDW, 1500–3000 m), water mass mixing dominates, accounting for 80–100 %. In deeper waters (>3500 m), water mass mixing, porewater diffusion, and remineralization contribute approximately 70–80 %, 7 ± 5 %, and 19 ± 5 % to the neodymium (Nd) budget, respectively, though these contributions may vary regionally. Between 2500 and 3500 m, significant increases in REE concentrations were observed, with estimated input fluxes from lithogenic material sources ranging from 17 to 24 mmol Nd m−2 yr−1. These elevated concentrations are likely influenced by deep ocean currents, lateral transport, and seasonal variations, consequently affecting the spatial distribution and transport distance of REE.
Our results suggest that dissolved REE concentrations [dREE] in the deep ocean may be influenced by slope-derived materials rather than remaining constant. The bottom diffusion flux of Nd from the deepest layer is estimated at 0.6 ± 0.4pmol cm−2 yr−1. Model simulations further indicate that the porewater contributes up to 7 ± 5 % of the dissolved Nd, with its influence on ΔNd exceeding 10 % at depth beyond 4000 m. These findings suggest that the diffusion of porewater into the bottom seawater would play a highly significant role in advancing future research on deep-sea trace-metal biogeochemical cycling.
{"title":"Quantifying the sources of REE in the deep Philippine Sea: Insights from numerical modeling and field observations","authors":"Hong Che , Yi Zhong , Wenkai Guan , Qian Liu , Panfeng Li , Xue Ding , Bangqi Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103564","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103564","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the importance of rare earth elements (REE) as tools for studying ocean processes, the quantitative contributions of various sources to deep-ocean REE distributions remain poorly constrained. In this study, we combine numerical modeling and in-situ observations to investigate the sources and transport mechanisms of REE in the deep waters of the Philippine Sea. Our findings indicate that REE concentrations are relatively low in the upper water column, primarily due to lateral transport from North Pacific Tropical Water (NPTW). At intermediate depths (<1500 m), REE distributions are controlled by the remineralization of sinking organic particles, as evidenced by a strong positive correlation with apparent oxygen utilization (AOU), while in the Upper Circumpolar Deep Water (UCDW, 1500–3000 m), water mass mixing dominates, accounting for 80–100 %. In deeper waters (>3500 m), water mass mixing, porewater diffusion, and remineralization contribute approximately 70–80 %, 7 ± 5 %, and 19 ± 5 % to the neodymium (Nd) budget, respectively, though these contributions may vary regionally. Between 2500 and 3500 m, significant increases in REE concentrations were observed, with estimated input fluxes from lithogenic material sources ranging from 17 to 24 mmol Nd m<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>. These elevated concentrations are likely influenced by deep ocean currents, lateral transport, and seasonal variations, consequently affecting the spatial distribution and transport distance of REE.</div><div>Our results suggest that dissolved REE concentrations [dREE] in the deep ocean may be influenced by slope-derived materials rather than remaining constant. The bottom diffusion flux of Nd from the deepest layer is estimated at 0.6 ± 0.4pmol cm<sup>−2</sup> yr<sup>−1</sup>. Model simulations further indicate that the porewater contributes up to 7 ± 5 % of the dissolved Nd, with its influence on ΔNd exceeding 10 % at depth beyond 4000 m. These findings suggest that the diffusion of porewater into the bottom seawater would play a highly significant role in advancing future research on deep-sea trace-metal biogeochemical cycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 103564"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The eastern part of the Seto Inland Sea is significantly influenced by anthropogenic and territorial nutrient sources, exacerbated by high population and industrial activities. Several rivers, with the Yodo River in Osaka Bay as the largest contributor, play a vital role by providing freshwater, substantial nutrients, and pollution loads to this coastal region. We aimed to understand the responses of ecosystem and coastal dynamics to the changes in nutrient supply from the rivers. Accordingly, a comprehensive three-dimensional physical model coupled with a complicated biogeochemical model was developed to replicate processes in this area. The findings reveal significant differences in nutrient dynamics, and phytoplankton community structures and biomass between Osaka Bay and Harima-Nada. Osaka bay exhibits higher nutrient concentrations, leading to elevated phytoplankton biomass, primarily dominated by a large micro-phytoplankton. Contrastingly, Harima-Nada exhibits lower concentrations, resulting in diminished phytoplankton biomass, with nano-phytoplankton prevailing. The experiment with heightened nutrient inputs from rivers significantly elevated nutrient concentrations for the entire areas in both Osaka Bay and Harima-Nada. Contrastingly, phytoplankton biomass remarkably increased only in the nearshore areas. Furthermore, the response of phytoplankton community structures differs between the two regions. Specifically, in Harima-Nada, nano-phytoplankton shifted primarily to large micro-phytoplankton, while large micro-phytoplankton remains predominant in Osaka Bay. This emphasizes the vital role of nutrient availability in influencing the structure of phytoplankton communities in these regions. The interplay between nutrient availability and phytoplankton dynamics stands as a key factor in comprehending and effectively managing these coastal ecosystems.
{"title":"Lower trophic ecosystem dynamics in the eastern part of the Seto Inland Sea and their response to changes in nutrient supply from the rivers","authors":"Siraporn Tong-U-Dom , Akihiko Morimoto , Xinyu Guo , Qian Leng , Naoki Yoshie , Kuninao Tada , Kazuhiko Ichimi , Hitomi Yamaguchi , Masatoshi Nakakuni","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103565","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103565","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The eastern part of the Seto Inland Sea is significantly influenced by anthropogenic and territorial nutrient sources, exacerbated by high population and industrial activities. Several rivers, with the Yodo River in Osaka Bay as the largest contributor, play a vital role by providing freshwater, substantial nutrients, and pollution loads to this coastal region. We aimed to understand the responses of ecosystem and coastal dynamics to the changes in nutrient supply from the rivers. Accordingly, a comprehensive three-dimensional physical model coupled with a complicated biogeochemical model was developed to replicate processes in this area. The findings reveal significant differences in nutrient dynamics, and phytoplankton community structures and biomass between Osaka Bay and Harima-Nada. Osaka bay exhibits higher nutrient concentrations, leading to elevated phytoplankton biomass, primarily dominated by a large micro-phytoplankton. Contrastingly, Harima-Nada exhibits lower concentrations, resulting in diminished phytoplankton biomass, with nano-phytoplankton prevailing. The experiment with heightened nutrient inputs from rivers significantly elevated nutrient concentrations for the entire areas in both Osaka Bay and Harima-Nada. Contrastingly, phytoplankton biomass remarkably increased only in the nearshore areas. Furthermore, the response of phytoplankton community structures differs between the two regions. Specifically, in Harima-Nada, nano-phytoplankton shifted primarily to large micro-phytoplankton, while large micro-phytoplankton remains predominant in Osaka Bay. This emphasizes the vital role of nutrient availability in influencing the structure of phytoplankton communities in these regions. The interplay between nutrient availability and phytoplankton dynamics stands as a key factor in comprehending and effectively managing these coastal ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 103565"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145110030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-09-02DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103562
María Moreno-Alcántara , Gerardo Aceves-Medina , Bertha E. Lavaniegos , J. Martín Hernández-Ayón , Sylvia P.A. Jiménez-Rosenberg , Jaime Gómez-Gutiérrez
The Atlantidae are holoplanktonic gastropods with aragonitic shells that inhabit the epipelagic habitat primarily in tropical and subtropical oceans, as well as in certain transitional and temperate regions, such as the California Current System. However, there is limited knowledge about how their diversity, distribution, and abundance respond to environmental changes over different time scales. The strongest seasonal changes of zooplankton species composition and environmental conditions in the southern California Current System occur between winter and spring. El Niño Southern Oscillation and marine heat waves are two additional environmental change drivers of interannual scale. Our aim was to infer the effect of the seasonal (winter-spring) and interannual (2012–2016) environmental variability on the diversity, distribution, and abundance of the Atlantidae species assemblage along the Pacific coast off the Baja California peninsula, Mexico. Atlantidae diversity was higher during winters than during springs. Their horizontal distribution recorded during winter was statistically correlated with temperature, salinity, and the seawater masses distribution, and during spring was correlated with the depth of hypoxic conditions (<60 μmol O2/kg oxyline) and the depth of Ω aragonite saturation horizon. Atlanta californiensis was the most abundant species, mainly during spring and its relative abundance decreased during anomalously warm periods, while tropical/subtropical species showed an opposite abundance pattern. The maximum species richness was associated with the 2013–2015 marine heat wave and El Niño 2015–2016 events, when tropical species were observed in the study area. Differences in the species community structure, their response to Ω aragonite undersaturated waters and hypoxia, and their seawater mass affinity showed that atlantids are useful biological indicators of environmental changes, ocean acidification, and deoxygenation conditions.
{"title":"Seasonal and interannual variability of Atlantidae heteropods along the west coast of Baja California, Mexico","authors":"María Moreno-Alcántara , Gerardo Aceves-Medina , Bertha E. Lavaniegos , J. Martín Hernández-Ayón , Sylvia P.A. Jiménez-Rosenberg , Jaime Gómez-Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Atlantidae are holoplanktonic gastropods with aragonitic shells that inhabit the epipelagic habitat primarily in tropical and subtropical oceans, as well as in certain transitional and temperate regions, such as the California Current System. However, there is limited knowledge about how their diversity, distribution, and abundance respond to environmental changes over different time scales. The strongest seasonal changes of zooplankton species composition and environmental conditions in the southern California Current System occur between winter and spring. El Niño Southern Oscillation and marine heat waves are two additional environmental change drivers of interannual scale. Our aim was to infer the effect of the seasonal (winter-spring) and interannual (2012–2016) environmental variability on the diversity, distribution, and abundance of the Atlantidae species assemblage along the Pacific coast off the Baja California peninsula, Mexico. Atlantidae diversity was higher during winters than during springs. Their horizontal distribution recorded during winter was statistically correlated with temperature, salinity, and the seawater masses distribution, and during spring was correlated with the depth of hypoxic conditions (<60 μmol O<sub>2</sub>/kg oxyline) and the depth of Ω aragonite saturation horizon. <em>Atlanta californiensis</em> was the most abundant species, mainly during spring and its relative abundance decreased during anomalously warm periods, while tropical/subtropical species showed an opposite abundance pattern. The maximum species richness was associated with the 2013–2015 marine heat wave and El Niño 2015–2016 events, when tropical species were observed in the study area. Differences in the species community structure, their response to Ω aragonite undersaturated waters and hypoxia, and their seawater mass affinity showed that atlantids are useful biological indicators of environmental changes, ocean acidification, and deoxygenation conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 103562"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145267939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-30DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103561
Joachim W Dippner , Ana Fernández Carrera , Ingrid Kröncke , Iris Liskow , Natalie Loick–Wilde , Maren Voss
This study analyzed the potential influence of multiple drivers, such as climate variability and regime shifts, on benthic life using long-term data sets describing the abundance, biomass, and stable isotopes (1978–2017) of two benthic species in the southern North Sea, generated from preserved samples. Specifically, changes in nitrogen supply and trophic position were identified by bulk and amino-acid-specific isotope analyses of the native warm–temperate bivalve Fabulina fabula and the native cold–temperate polychaete Magelona spp., which together made up > 60 % of the biomass and abundance of all benthic animals in the original samples. Bulk stable isotopes ratios of total carbon and nitrogen as well as amino-acid specific-isotope ratios were corrected with respect to the preservation method. Statistical downscaling and a scanning t-test were applied to various time series of climate, Rhine and Maas riverine runoff, and local monitoring at the island of Norderney. The scanning t-test identified three regime shifts in the drivers and macrofaunal responses, which allowed four regimes, occurring during the periods 1978–1988, 1989–2000, 2001–2009, and 2010–2017, to be distinguished.
Quantitative metrics using a phenotype-based approach were computed for all data and for the four identified regimes, to characterize aspects of the trophic position and functional diversity of the two macrofaunal species. Functional diversity in a single species decreased over time, indicating a normalization of feeding habits and increased productivity under decreasing nutrient loads, a shift in biomass from specialist to generalist, and an increase in stability and resilience after 2000. Based on the de-correlation time, an ecological memory of the system of ∼ 3 years was identified for F. fabula and Magelona spp., attributable to an internal basin mode in climate variability driven by atmosphere–ocean interactions in the North Atlantic.
{"title":"Impact of multiple drivers on the trophic position, functional diversity, and ecological memory of benthic macrofauna – analysis of 40 years of data using a complex model hierarchy","authors":"Joachim W Dippner , Ana Fernández Carrera , Ingrid Kröncke , Iris Liskow , Natalie Loick–Wilde , Maren Voss","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103561","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103561","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study analyzed the potential influence of multiple drivers, such as climate variability and regime shifts, on benthic life using long-term data sets describing the abundance, biomass, and stable isotopes (1978–2017) of two benthic species in the southern North Sea, generated from preserved samples. Specifically, changes in nitrogen supply and trophic position were identified by bulk and amino-acid-specific isotope analyses of the native warm–temperate bivalve <em>Fabulina fabula</em> and the native cold–temperate polychaete <em>Magelona</em> spp., which together made up > 60 % of the biomass and abundance of all benthic animals in the original samples. Bulk stable isotopes ratios of total carbon and nitrogen as well as amino-acid specific-isotope ratios were corrected with respect to the preservation method. Statistical downscaling and a scanning <em>t</em>-test were applied to various time series of climate, Rhine and Maas riverine runoff, and local monitoring at the island of Norderney. The scanning <em>t</em>-test identified three regime shifts in the drivers and macrofaunal responses, which allowed four regimes, occurring during the periods 1978–1988, 1989–2000, 2001–2009, and 2010–2017, to be distinguished.</div><div>Quantitative metrics using a phenotype-based approach were computed for all data and for the four identified regimes, to characterize aspects of the trophic position and functional diversity of the two macrofaunal species. Functional diversity in a single species decreased over time, indicating a normalization of feeding habits and increased productivity under decreasing nutrient loads, a shift in biomass from specialist to generalist, and an increase in stability and resilience after 2000. Based on the de-correlation time, an ecological memory of the system of ∼ 3 years was identified for <em>F. fabula</em> and <em>Magelona</em> spp., attributable to an internal basin mode in climate variability driven by atmosphere–ocean interactions in the North Atlantic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"239 ","pages":"Article 103561"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145047413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-28DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103563
Tianyu Yang , Wei Yang , Jing Zhang , Zhenhua Xu , Weidong Wang , Jingsong Guo , Hao Wei
Internal tides (ITs) represent a crucial energy source driving turbulent mixing in stratified oceans. The East China Sea (ECS) continental margin is a major IT generation hotspot, yet IT variability across its broad shelf remains poorly constrained. Using high-resolution modeling with realistic forcing, we investigate semidiurnal IT energetics and variability in the ECS. Results show strong seasonality with peak IT activity in summer, primarily driven by stratification changes. Two distinct mechanisms contribute to the on-shelf ITs: (1) local generation at isolated topographic features and (2) onshore propagation from the ECS shelf break. Analysis demonstrates that local generation dominates the IT energy budget across the ECS shelf (1.32 GW integrated over depths shallower than 200 m), particularly at the prominent topographic rises including the Changjiang Estuary area and middle-shelf seamounts. Although the onshore-propagating IT energy fluxes from this region contribute relatively little to the total shelf energy budget, the shoreward IT propagation seriously regulate the local IT dynamics, especially in the outer shelf regions (100 – 200 m depth range). It has generated a pronounced cross-isobath asymmetry in IT energy transport, with onshore fluxes surpassing offshore fluxes by a factor of 2.3 at the 200-m isobath (0.25 GW vs. 0.11 GW) and 1.9 at the 100-m isobath (19.22 MW vs. 10.04 MW). These onshore energy fluxes, regulated by both shelf-break generation intensity and topographic criticality, peak northeast of Taiwan Island and along the northern ECS shelf break. These fluxes play a substantial role in modulating on-shelf IT variability in adjacent areas.
{"title":"Energetics and variability of semidiurnal internal tides across the East China Sea shelf: Local generation versus remote forcing","authors":"Tianyu Yang , Wei Yang , Jing Zhang , Zhenhua Xu , Weidong Wang , Jingsong Guo , Hao Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103563","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103563","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Internal tides (ITs) represent a crucial energy source driving turbulent mixing in stratified oceans. The East China Sea (ECS) continental margin is a major IT generation hotspot, yet IT variability across its broad shelf remains poorly constrained. Using high-resolution modeling with realistic forcing, we investigate semidiurnal IT energetics and variability in the ECS. Results show strong seasonality with peak IT activity in summer, primarily driven by stratification changes. Two distinct mechanisms contribute to the on-shelf ITs: (1) local generation at isolated topographic features and (2) onshore propagation from the ECS shelf break. Analysis demonstrates that local generation dominates the IT energy budget across the ECS shelf (1.32 GW integrated over depths shallower than 200 m), particularly at the prominent topographic rises including the Changjiang Estuary area and middle-shelf seamounts. Although the onshore-propagating IT energy fluxes from this region contribute relatively little to the total shelf energy budget, the shoreward IT propagation seriously regulate the local IT dynamics, especially in the outer shelf regions (100 – 200 m depth range). It has generated a pronounced cross-isobath asymmetry in IT energy transport, with onshore fluxes surpassing offshore fluxes by a factor of 2.3 at the 200-m isobath (0.25 GW vs. 0.11 GW) and 1.9 at the 100-m isobath (19.22 MW vs. 10.04 MW). These onshore energy fluxes, regulated by both shelf-break generation intensity and topographic criticality, peak northeast of Taiwan Island and along the northern ECS shelf break. These fluxes play a substantial role in modulating on-shelf IT variability in adjacent areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 103563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-26DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103560
Tiziana Durazzano , Slawomir Kwasniewski , Marta Gluchowska , Raul Primicerio , Janne E. Søreide , André W. Visser , Haakon Hop , Camilla Svensen
Trait-based approaches offer a powerful alternative to traditional species-centred methods by offering a mechanistic understanding of complex ecosystems. This study investigates the functional diversity of copepod communities in the north-western Barents Sea with a focus on trait distribution, trade-offs, and the influence of local environmental conditions across latitudinal and depth gradients. Despite the ecological importance of copepods, the Arctic remains poorly characterized in these respects. To address this knowledge gap, we analysed the spatial diversity of copepods and identified potential trade-offs among three functional traits: body size, feeding strategy, and lipid content. Using community-weighted means, variances, and Redundancy Analysis, we examined trait-environment relationships across bioregions and depth layers in a shelf area expanding from warmer ice-free waters in the south to colder seasonal ice-covered waters in the north and into the basin. Our findings reveal distinct trait distributions: the region south of the Polar Front in warmer waters, copepods tend to be smaller, lipid-poor and predominantly particle feeders, characteristic of a detritus-based food web with higher trait variability. In contrast, the Arctic Shelf and Arctic Basin regions are dominated by larger, lipid-rich copepods with lower trait variances, reflecting strong environmental filtering. Ambush feeding is the prevalent strategy in surface waters across the transect, whereas cruise feeding and a high proportion of wax esters relative to total lipids are primarily observed in the deeper layers. This research enhances our understanding of the functional complexity of Arctic mesozooplankton communities and provides a baseline for predicting future potential regime shifts.
{"title":"Functional diversity of copepod communities in the north-western Barents Sea","authors":"Tiziana Durazzano , Slawomir Kwasniewski , Marta Gluchowska , Raul Primicerio , Janne E. Søreide , André W. Visser , Haakon Hop , Camilla Svensen","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trait-based approaches offer a powerful alternative to traditional species-centred methods by offering a mechanistic understanding of complex ecosystems. This study investigates the functional diversity of copepod communities in the north-western Barents Sea with a focus on trait distribution, trade-offs, and the influence of local environmental conditions across latitudinal and depth gradients. Despite the ecological importance of copepods, the Arctic remains poorly characterized in these respects. To address this knowledge gap, we analysed the spatial diversity of copepods and identified potential trade-offs among three functional traits: body size, feeding strategy, and lipid content. Using community-weighted means, variances, and Redundancy Analysis, we examined trait-environment relationships across bioregions and depth layers in a shelf area expanding from warmer ice-free waters in the south to colder seasonal ice-covered waters in the north and into the basin. Our findings reveal distinct trait distributions: the region south of the Polar Front in warmer waters, copepods tend to be smaller, lipid-poor and predominantly particle feeders, characteristic of a detritus-based food web with higher trait variability. In contrast, the Arctic Shelf and Arctic Basin regions are dominated by larger, lipid-rich copepods with lower trait variances, reflecting strong environmental filtering. Ambush feeding is the prevalent strategy in surface waters across the transect, whereas cruise feeding and a high proportion of wax esters relative to total lipids are primarily observed in the deeper layers. This research enhances our understanding of the functional complexity of Arctic mesozooplankton communities and provides a baseline for predicting future potential regime shifts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"238 ","pages":"Article 103560"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144996517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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