Progress in Oceanography最新文献_第8页

Synthesis of spatiotemporal variability in western Arctic zooplankton communities from summer to fall during 2008–2021 2008-2021年北极西部浮游动物群落夏秋季时空变异性综合

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103634

Jee-Hoon Kim , Yuya Hibino , Eun Jin Yang , Kyoung-Ho Cho , Hyoung Sul La , Sung-Ho Kang , Jeong-Hyun Kim , Hyeju Yoo , Jong-Kuk Moon , Yoshiyuki Abe , Nanami Hosoda , Atsushi Yamaguchi , Kohei Matsuno

The Arctic marine ecosystem is undergoing a major, rapid transformation driven by climate change, resulting in complex and unpredictable shifts in zooplankton communities, which are key pelagic food web components. We synthesized extensive multi-year zooplankton datasets (2008–2021) collected by a Korean icebreaker research vessel (IBRV Araon; August 2016–2021) and a Japanese research vessel (RV Mirai; September 2008, 2010, 2012–2017, and 2021) in the western Arctic Ocean to examine the effects of environmental factors on zooplankton distribution. We determined the effect of key environmental variables, including integrated mean temperature, mean salinity, and fluorescence, on zooplankton community structure. We identified six distinct zooplankton communities shaped by regional characteristics and interannual oceanographic variability. The pronounced seasonal transition of zooplankton communities from summer to autumn, particularly in the Chukchi Sea and the Chukchi Borderland in 2017 and 2021, was the major finding. During summer, Pacific water inflow into the Chukchi Sea significantly increased Pacific species (e.g., Metridia pacifica) and meroplankton (e.g., barnacle larvae), with barnacle larvae extending into the Chukchi Borderland in 2017 and 2021. Although small species (e.g., Pseudocalanus spp.) remained dominant during the summer, but no clear increasing trend was observed in total abundance within the Chukchi Sea. By September, these Pacific Ocean–influenced communities had decreased rapidly, suggesting their high environmental dependency and incomplete establishment in the region. This study integrates multi-year, seasonally diverse datasets collected across a broad spatial range, providing a comprehensive understanding of how Arctic zooplankton respond to climate-induced environmental changes.

在气候变化的推动下，北极海洋生态系统正在经历一场重大的快速转变，导致浮游动物群落发生复杂且不可预测的变化，而浮游动物群落是远洋食物网的关键组成部分。我们综合了韩国破冰船（IBRV Araon， 2016-2021年8月）和日本研究船（RV Mirai， 2008年9月、2010年9月、2012-2017年和2021年9月）在北冰洋西部收集的大量多年浮游动物数据集（2008 - 2021年），以研究环境因素对浮游动物分布的影响。我们确定了包括综合平均温度、平均盐度和荧光在内的关键环境变量对浮游动物群落结构的影响。我们确定了6种不同的浮游动物群落，它们受区域特征和年际海洋变化的影响。主要发现是浮游动物群落从夏季到秋季的明显季节性转变，特别是2017年和2021年在楚科奇海和楚科奇边境地区。夏季流入楚科奇海的太平洋海水显著增加了太平洋物种（如Metridia pacifica）和浮游生物（如藤壶幼虫），并且在2017年和2021年藤壶幼虫延伸到楚科奇边境地区。小种（如pseudoalanus spp）在夏季仍占优势，但总体丰度在楚科奇海没有明显的增加趋势。到9月，这些受太平洋影响的群落迅速减少，表明它们对环境的高度依赖和在该区域的不完全建立。本研究整合了多年来在广泛的空间范围内收集的不同季节的数据集，提供了对北极浮游动物如何响应气候引起的环境变化的全面了解。

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引用次数: 0

Increasing dolphin occurrences during Extreme Upwelling Events: Potential nonharmful and sustainable marine wildlife tourism at Mulut Kumbang Strait, Alor Kecil Village, Alor Island, Indonesia 在极端上升流事件中海豚数量的增加：印度尼西亚阿洛岛阿洛克西村穆鲁特昆邦海峡潜在的无害和可持续的海洋野生动物旅游

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103613

Anindya Wirasatriya , Arthur Mattews Basana , Elis Indrayanti , Agus Anugroho Dwi Suryoputro , R. Dwi Susanto , Retno Hartati , Nur Taufiq-SPJ , Jahved Ferianto Maro , Parichat Wetchayont , Mochamad Iqbal Herwata Putra , Achmad Sahri

An Extreme Upwelling Event (EUE), denoted by the sudden drop of sea surface temperature to less than 15 °C in a relatively short period, is a unique and recently reported oceanographic phenomenon. One and possibly the only place with confirmed EUE is the Mulut Kumbang Strait, Alor Kecil Village, Alor Island, Indonesia, since the phenomenon has never been reported in other tropical seas. The EUE occurred from August to November and lasted for 1 to 4 days, with a duration of only about an hour. The dramatic temperature drops during EUE caused small fish to become unconscious and attracted dolphins to come and feed. This is the first study to observe and quantify the dolphin sighting during EUE using closed-circuit television (CCTV). Full month observations were initially conducted in May and September 2022, which represented the months without and with EUE, respectively. In May 2022, the daytime minimum temperature was 24 °C (on May 19, 2022), with a total of 54 dolphin occurrences. In September 2022, the temperature reached 17.34 °C (on September 13, 2022), and the total dolphin occurrences increased to 87. With prior knowledge from 2022 EUEs, we conducted two additional EUE observations in 2023, focused around September: 2–4 September 2023 (period 1) and 30 September – 2 October 2023 (period 2). The temperatures in September and October 2023 were much lower than those in September 2022, with a minimum temperature of ∼ 12 °C. The total dolphin sightings in periods 1 and 2 of 2023 increased to 105 and 90, respectively, and both occurred within one hour during the peak of EUE. The frequent dolphin sightings during EUE have a potential to be developed as sustainable marine wildlife tourism, since people can watch dolphin occurrences only from the seashore along the Alor Kecil Village.

极端上升流事件（EUE）是最近报道的一种独特的海洋现象，其特征是海面温度在相对较短的时间内突然下降到15°C以下。一个可能也是唯一一个确认有EUE的地方是印度尼西亚Alor岛Alor Kecil村的Mulut Kumbang海峡，因为这种现象从未在其他热带海域报道过。EUE发生在8 ~ 11月，持续1 ~ 4 d，持续时间仅为1小时左右。在欧洲经委会期间，气温急剧下降，导致小鱼失去知觉，吸引海豚前来觅食。这是第一个利用闭路电视（CCTV）观察和量化欧洲经委会期间海豚目击的研究。整个月的观测最初是在2022年5月和9月进行的，这两个月分别代表了没有EUE和有EUE的月份。2022年5月，白天最低气温为24°C（5月19日），共有54只海豚出现。2022年9月，气温达到17.34℃（9月13日），海豚总数增加到87只。基于对2022年EUE的先验知识，我们在2023年进行了两次额外的EUE观测，主要集中在9月前后：2023年9月2日至4日（第一期）和2023年9月30日至10月2日（第二期）。2023年9月和10月的气温比2022年9月低得多，最低气温为~ 12℃。2023年第1期和第2期的海豚目击总数分别增加至105宗和90宗，均发生在EUE高峰期的1小时内。由于人们只能在沿Alor Kecil村的海滨观看海豚，因此在欧盟活动期间频繁的海豚目击事件有潜力发展为可持续的海洋野生动物旅游。

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引用次数: 0

Climate-induced shifts in swordfish spawning habitat in the Western Mediterranean 气候引起的西地中海剑鱼产卵栖息地的变化

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103610

M.P. Tugores , A.P. Torres , P. Reglero , M. Martín , R. Balbín , J. Tintoré , D. Alvarez-Berastegui

Climate change presents huge challenge for marine ecosystems worldwide, with particularly pronounced effects on the most vulnerable species, life stages and regions. Swordfish (Xiphias gladius), is classified as ‘near threatened’ on the IUCN Red List, and the Mediterranean population is declining. We investigated the effects of environmental variability and climate change on the habitat of the yolk-sac larvae (YSL) of swordfish in the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean) through field surveys (2001–2022). We then estimated the suitability of their habitat across the Western Mediterranean, analysing the changes over more than three decades (1990–2022). The swordfish spawning ground in the Balearic Islands was identified near the salinity front (∼37.5) and the surrounding warmer waters. Our models showed that, since the 1990 s the swordfish YSL habitat has increased suitability and expanded within the Western Mediterranean, mainly in response to rising temperatures. However, YSL densities (non-significant) and swordfish population in the Western Mediterranean showed a declining trend. The first occurrence of YSL, and temperatures associated with them, have shifted to earlier in the year, at a rate of 0.57 days year⁻¹, which suggests spawning is starting earlier. We also observed a significant decrease in sea surface chlorophyll-a over the Western Mediterranean since 1998. Therefore, the decline in swordfish population is not subject to a reduction in habitat suitability for YSL due to seawater warming but other factors that are unaccounted for or due to ecological cascading effects, which are either bottom-up (e.g. reduction in sea surface chlorophyll-a) or top-down (e.g. fishing pressure). These findings highlight the need for further investigation on the ecological and anthropogenic pressures affecting the Mediterranean swordfish population.

气候变化给全球海洋生态系统带来巨大挑战，对最脆弱的物种、生命阶段和区域的影响尤为显著。剑鱼（Xiphias gladius），在世界自然保护联盟的红色名录上被列为“近危”，地中海的数量正在下降。通过2001-2022年的野外调查，研究了环境变异和气候变化对西地中海巴利阿里群岛剑鱼黄囊幼虫（YSL）栖息地的影响。然后，我们估计了它们在地中海西部栖息地的适宜性，分析了30多年来（1990-2022年）的变化。在巴利阿里群岛的剑鱼产卵场被确定在盐度锋（~ 37.5）和周围的温暖水域附近。我们的模型显示，自20世纪90年代以来，剑鱼YSL栖息地在地中海西部的适应性和扩张程度有所提高，这主要是为了应对不断上升的温度。西地中海地区梭鲈密度（不显著）和剑鱼种群呈下降趋势。YSL的第一次出现以及与之相关的温度在一年中已经提前了，以每年0.57天的速度，这表明产卵开始得更早。我们还观察到自1998年以来西地中海海面叶绿素-a显著减少。因此，剑鱼种群的减少不是由于海水变暖导致的剑鱼生境适宜性的降低，而是由于其他未被解释的因素或生态级联效应，这些因素可能是自下而上的（如海面叶绿素-a的减少）或自上而下的（如捕捞压力）。这些发现强调了对影响地中海剑鱼种群的生态和人为压力进行进一步调查的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Iron dynamics during spring phytoplankton bloom in the southern Sea of Okhotsk: The impact of sea ice melt on iron supply 鄂霍次克海南部春季浮游植物繁殖期间的铁动态：海冰融化对铁供应的影响

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103587

Momoka Imai , Aiko Murayama , Kazuya Ono , Youhei Yamashita , Koji Suzuki , Tomohiro Nakamura , Kay I. Ohshima , Humio Mitsudera , Jun Nishioka

The southern Sea of Okhotsk, a seasonal sea ice zone, experiences a massive spring phytoplankton bloom every year. This bloom requires rich macronutrients and iron (Fe) as an essential micro-nutrient; however, the processes supplying Fe are not yet well understood. Consequently, we conducted detailed shipboard observations and Fe concentration measurements off Hokkaido, Japan, in the southern Sea of Okhotsk during the spring phytoplankton bloom following the retreat of sea ice. A phytoplankton bloom was observed in the surface low salinity water (SLSW), where chlorophyll a concentrations reached as high as 8.6 ± 4.6 mg m⁻³, while dissolved Fe (D-Fe) and nitrate concentrations remained low. The contribution of sea ice meltwater to SLSW was estimated through water δ¹⁸O analysis at 2.4 ± 0.5 %, with a particularly high contribution observed in the eastern part near the Shiretoko Peninsula. The impact of sea ice meltwater on supplying labile particulate Fe (LP-Fe) was estimated at 17 ± 4 nM, whereas the contribution of D-Fe was relatively small at 0.03 ± 0.02 nM, corresponding to ∼39 % and ∼2 % of the Fe concentration in seawater after sea ice melt, respectively. Additionally, LP-Fe was re-supplied from the Hokkaido shelf sediments, while D-Fe concentrations in intermediate to deep waters were influenced by particle remineralization. The redox environment of this region varied with topography and density layers, which also influenced the distribution of LP-Fe and D-Fe on the shelf and in the basin. These findings emphasize the complex processes controlling Fe dynamics in the studied area and their role in supporting the region’s primary production.

鄂霍次克海南部是一个季节性的海冰区，每年春天浮游植物都会大量繁殖。这种花需要丰富的宏量营养素和铁（Fe）作为必需的微量营养素；然而，提供铁的过程尚未得到很好的理解。因此，在海冰消退后的春季浮游植物繁殖期，我们在日本北海道南部鄂霍次克海域进行了详细的船上观测和铁浓度测量。低盐度水体（SLSW）表层浮游植物大量繁殖，叶绿素A浓度高达8.6±4.6 mg m−3，而溶解铁（D-Fe）和硝酸盐浓度保持在较低水平。通过水δ18O分析，估计海冰融水对SLSW的贡献为2.4±0.5%，其中东部靠近知子半岛的贡献特别大。海冰融水对供应活性颗粒铁（LP-Fe）的影响估计为17±4 nM，而D-Fe的贡献相对较小，为0.03±0.02 nM，分别相当于海冰融化后海水中铁浓度的~ 39%和~ 2%。此外，北海道陆架沉积物对LP-Fe进行了再补给，而中深水D-Fe浓度受到颗粒再矿化的影响。该地区的氧化还原环境随地形和密度层的不同而不同，也影响了陆架和盆地中LP-Fe和D-Fe的分布。这些发现强调了控制研究地区铁动态的复杂过程及其在支持该地区初级生产中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Zooplankton diel vertical migration and sediment resuspension detected from CEOF analysis of ADCP backscatter in the western Sea of Okhotsk 鄂霍次克海西部ADCP后向散射CEOF分析浮游动物垂直迁移和沉积物再悬浮

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103630

Kay I. Ohshima , Mamoru Ohshima , Masato Ito , Kazuki Nakata , Mizuki Kuga , Kohei Matsuno , Atsushi Yamaguchi

Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers (ADCPs) provide backscatter strength data, which can be used to detect suspended materials in the water column. This study developed a novel approach to detect and distinguish between zooplankton diel vertical migration (DVM) and sediment resuspension by applying Complex Empirical Orthogonal Function (CEOF) analysis to 24-hour bandpass-filtered ADCP backscatter data. The temporal CEOF mode scores serve as objective scalar indices of the intensity of each phenomenon, enabling quantitative comparisons with environmental factors. We applied this approach to year-round ADCP array observations in the western Sea of Okhotsk. At most sites, DVM activity is represented by the first CEOF mode. Temporal variations of the first mode revealed that, during the sea-ice season, DVM significantly weakens over shelf regions but persists in offshore regions, even though shelf regions exhibit more active biological productivity than offshore regions during the warm season. This contrasting seasonal behavior likely reflects differences in the dominant zooplankton species and their traits. The quantitative assessment of our method revealed clear relationships with tidal currents through spectral analysis. In the northwestern Okhotsk Sea, where tidal currents are strong, DVM activity, represented by the first mode, was consistently reduced during spring tides. At Kashevarov Bank, where tidal currents exceed 1 m/s, the first mode represents sediment resuspension and intensifies ∼ 1–1.5 days after peak tidal current velocities, and the second mode captures DVM. Given the vast quantity of unused ADCP backscatter data worldwide, the method proposed here can help unlock the potential of these dormant datasets.

声学多普勒电流剖面仪（ADCPs）提供反向散射强度数据，可用于检测水柱中的悬浮物质。本研究利用复经验正交函数（CEOF）分析24小时带通滤波ADCP后向散射数据，建立了一种检测和区分浮游动物垂直迁移（DVM）和沉积物再悬浮的新方法。时间CEOF模式得分作为每种现象强度的客观标量指标，可以与环境因素进行定量比较。我们将这种方法应用于鄂霍次克海西部的ADCP阵列全年观测。在大多数站点，DVM活动由第一个CEOF模式表示。第一模态的时间变化表明，在海冰季节，陆架区域的DVM显著减弱，但在近海区域持续存在，尽管暖季陆架区域比近海区域表现出更活跃的生物生产力。这种鲜明的季节性行为可能反映了优势浮游动物物种及其特征的差异。通过光谱分析，我们的方法的定量评估揭示了与潮流的明确关系。在鄂霍次克海西北部潮流较强的地区，以第一模态为代表的DVM活动在大潮期间持续减弱。在Kashevarov河岸，潮流超过1 m/s，第一模态代表沉积物再悬浮，并在潮流峰值速度后1 - 1.5天增强，第二模态捕获DVM。鉴于世界范围内大量未使用的ADCP反向散射数据，本文提出的方法可以帮助释放这些休眠数据集的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

The benthic environment of the Aleutian Trench region: Sediment provenance, organic carbon sources and deposition dynamics 阿留申海沟地区底栖环境：沉积物物源、有机碳源和沉积动力学

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103627

Marco B. Sindlev , John P. Balmonte , Frank Wenzhöfer , Wenjie Xiao , Peter Stief , Kazumasa Oguri , Masashi Tsuchiya , Yusuke Yokoyama , Arka Rudra , Donald E. Canfield , Hamed Sanei , Angelika Brandt , Ronnie N. Glud

Sedimentological, mineralogical, chronological and basic biogeochemistry document that the Aleutian Trench region consists of four distinct regions, each with their respective benthic habitat, deposition dynamics, and material sourcing: the Northern Aleutian Slope (NS), Aleutian Trench – Axis (AT-A), Aleutian Trench – South Slope (AT-SS), and Southern Aleutian Slope (SS). The carbon pool is characterized by pyrolysis derived hydrogen and oxygen indices (HI and OI), radionuclides (Δ¹⁴C) and stable isotopes (δ¹³C-values), clearly varying among the respective regions. The NS has elevated total organic carbon (TOC) content, including distinct imprint of fresh, marine-derived organics originating from upwelling in the Gulf of Alaska with subsequent westward transport by the Alaskan Stream, sustaining high remineralization rates, with well-defined infaunal burrow structures in the sediment. Stations at the AT-A have a 2.5–24.1 cm thick, glacially derived fluid mud layer (FML) deprived of infauna, blanketing the original sediment surface. Chronological markers document that the infilling of the FML happened since the mid 1950′s and now extends to at least one fifth of the entire Aleutian Trench axis. The FML contains a mixture of fresh, marine-derived and recalcitrant terrigenous organics, with elevated microbial mineralization rates, presumably enhanced by microbial priming and efficient microbial degradation of otherwise recalcitrant organics. The AT-SS and SS have low TOC contents, exhibit very low microbial remineralization rates, with only sparse infaunal imprints. Our investigations document that the Aleutian Trench forms a unique hadal environment, while simultaneously confirming that hadal trenches generally act as depocenters with intensified microbial activity, sustained by various sources of organics.

沉积学、矿物学、年代学和基本生物地球化学文献表明，阿留申海沟地区由四个不同的区域组成，每个区域都有各自的底栖生物栖息地、沉积动力学和物质来源：阿留申北坡（NS）、阿留申海沟-轴（AT-A）、阿留申海沟-南坡（AT-SS）和阿留申南坡（SS）。碳库由热解氢氧指数（HI和OI）、放射性核素（Δ14C）和稳定同位素（δ 13c值）表征，各区域间差异明显。NS具有较高的总有机碳（TOC）含量，包括来自阿拉斯加湾上升流的新鲜海洋有机物的明显印记，随后由阿拉斯加流向西输送，保持高再矿化率，沉积物中有明确的动物洞结构。at - a的站点有2.5-24.1厘米厚的冰川衍生流体泥层（FML），没有动物，覆盖了原始沉积物表面。时间标记记录了自20世纪50年代中期以来FML的填充，现在至少延伸到整个阿留申海沟轴线的五分之一。FML含有新鲜的、海洋来源的和顽固的陆源有机物的混合物，微生物矿化率升高，可能是由于微生物启动和其他顽固有机物的有效微生物降解而提高的。AT-SS和SS的TOC含量很低，微生物再矿化率很低，只有稀疏的动物印记。我们的研究记录了阿留申海沟形成了一个独特的hadal环境，同时证实了hadal海沟通常作为沉积中心，微生物活动加剧，由各种有机物来源维持。

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引用次数: 0

First record of deep-sea phoronids from the Sea of Okhotsk with description of Phoronopsis deprofundis sp.nov. and phoronidization of the ocean communities 鄂霍次克海深海栉虫的首次记录及对深海栉虫的描述。以及海洋群落的磷化

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103592

Boris Neklyudov , Zhanna Osipova , Sergey Galkin , Tatiana Belan , Elena Temereva

Active exploration of sea depths became possible in recent years because of increased technical capabilities. It has already led to a number of scientific and economically significant discoveries. In this paper, we have described a first record of deep-sea phoronids found in the Sea of Okhotsk at depths from 786 to 1551 m. The Phoronida is a phylum of invertebrates which includes 15 species of benthic worm-like animals. Most of phoronids have worldwide distribution and are known from different seas of the ocean. In some areas phoronids are extremely abundant and define the composition of benthic communities. Phoronids are mostly shallow water inhabitants: up to date their deepest location of finding was 390 m depth. This report uses light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and 3D reconstructions to describe a first deep-sea phoronid species, Phoronopsis deprofundis sp.nov. This species shares some common traits of morphology and reproductive biology with other species of Phoronopsis genera: feather-like longitudinal muscles and the presence of epidermal collar at the base of the lophophore. P. deprofundis exhibits some features which are mostly common with Phoronopsis albomaculata and Phoronopsis harmeri, however, it has unique combination of morphological features and should be considered as new phoronid species. Based on histological data it was proposed that the reproduction period of deep-sea phoronids occurs at the end of May – beginning of June. The cladistic analysis was carried out on morphological traits for phoronid adults and larvae, the characteristics of development and reproductive biology and the type of preferred substrate. However many white spots in morphological data still exist, especially in larval morphology. The taxonomy of phylum Phoronida should be reinvestigated and new taxa at order or family level should be established. Based on our new data and analysis of the literature, we can conclude that phoronidization of oceanic communities is taking place – phoronids are actively expanding their habitat and also occupy new water area, in which they were not registered before.

近年来，由于技术能力的提高，对深海的积极勘探成为可能。它已经带来了许多科学和经济上的重大发现。在本文中，我们描述了在鄂霍次克海786 ~ 1551米深度发现的深海栉水母的第一个记录。栉虫纲是一门无脊椎动物，包括15种底栖蠕虫类动物。大多数栉水母分布在世界各地，在大洋的不同海域都有发现。在某些地区，栉虫极其丰富，并确定了底栖生物群落的组成。Phoronids大多是浅水居民：到目前为止，它们发现的最深位置是390米深。本报告使用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和三维重建来描述第一个深海栉虫物种——栉虫sp.nov。本种在形态和生殖生物学上与其他种类有一些共同的特征：羽毛状的纵向肌肉和表皮环的存在。P. deprofundis表现出与褐光拟南芥（Phoronopsis albomaculata）和绿光拟南芥（Phoronopsis harmeri）共同的一些特征，但又具有独特的形态特征组合，应视为一种新的拟南芥。根据组织学资料，认为深海鳞鱼的繁殖期在5月底至6月初。对成虫和幼虫的形态特征、发育和生殖生物学特征以及首选基质类型进行了枝系分析。然而，形态学资料中仍存在许多白点，特别是在幼虫形态中。应重新研究该门的分类，并在目或科水平上建立新的分类群。根据我们的新数据和对文献的分析，我们可以得出结论，海洋群落正在发生磷化-磷化生物正在积极扩大其栖息地，并占据以前未登记的新水域。

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引用次数: 0

Fatty acid contents and its compositions of mesozooplankton community in the Kuroshio Current and neighboring waters 黑潮及邻近海域中浮游动物群落脂肪酸含量及其组成

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103598

Toru Kobari , Nao Kominato , Reo Ishimaru , Masafumi Kodama , Gen Kume , Masaharu Hanai , Asuka Nitta , Naoki Kabeya

The Kuroshio Current and its neighboring waters are nursery grounds for the early life stages of migratory fish, despite poor food availability under oligotrophic conditions. Although recent findings suggest that standing stocks of mesozooplankton are not low and provide good prey availability for fish larvae, no information is available at their prey quality. Here, we investigated the spatial and temporal variations in the fatty acid content of mesozooplankton communities from transect lines across the Kuroshio to evaluate the nutritional quality of mesozooplankton as prey for fish larvae. We identified 5 saturated fatty acids (SFAs), 4 mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and 13 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the mesozooplankton community. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that fatty acid contents in mesozooplankton dry mass were more variable between the seasons than at the sites, with increasing SFA in summer. Long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) content, represented by arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids, was comparable between the Kuroshio and its neighboring waters. These LC-PUFA contents exhibited significant positive correlations with the relative abundance of Eucalanidae copepods and molluscans determined with metabarcoding analysis. These contents were also positively correlated with the fatty acid content of the haptophyte biomarker. Beaked sandfish larvae had higher LC-PUFA contents than those of Anguilliformes leptocephali. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the fatty acid composition of omnivorous crustaceans, such as decapods and Eucalanidae copepods, was synchronized with that of beaked sandfish larvae. These findings suggest that the LC-PUFA contents of mesozooplankton communities accumulate in omnivorous crustaceans feeding on nano- to micro-sized phytoplankton and are transferred to planktivorous fish larvae.

黑潮及其邻近水域是洄游鱼类生命早期的温床，尽管在营养不良的条件下食物供应不足。虽然最近的研究结果表明，中浮游动物的存量并不低，并为鱼类幼虫提供了良好的猎物，但没有关于它们猎物质量的信息。本研究通过对黑潮样线中浮游动物群落脂肪酸含量的时空变化进行研究，以评价作为鱼类幼虫猎物的浮游动物的营养品质。在中浮游动物群落中鉴定出5种饱和脂肪酸（sfa）、4种单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFAs）和13种多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）。多因素分析表明，四季间浮游动物干质量脂肪酸含量变化较大，夏季SFA增加。以花生四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸为代表的长链PUFA （LC-PUFA）含量在黑潮与邻近水域之间具有可比性。LC-PUFA含量与拟桉科桡足类和软体动物的相对丰度呈显著正相关。这些含量也与生物标志物脂肪酸含量呈正相关。喙沙鱼幼鱼的LC-PUFA含量高于细头鳗鲡。多变量分析表明，杂食性甲壳类动物（如十足类和桡足类）的脂肪酸组成与喙状沙鱼幼虫的脂肪酸组成是同步的。这些结果表明，中浮游动物群落的LC-PUFA含量在杂食性甲壳类动物中积累，并转移到以纳米至微型浮游植物为食的浮游鱼类幼虫中。

{"title":"Fatty acid contents and its compositions of mesozooplankton community in the Kuroshio Current and neighboring waters","authors":"Toru Kobari , Nao Kominato , Reo Ishimaru , Masafumi Kodama , Gen Kume , Masaharu Hanai , Asuka Nitta , Naoki Kabeya","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103598","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103598","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Kuroshio Current and its neighboring waters are nursery grounds for the early life stages of migratory fish, despite poor food availability under oligotrophic conditions. Although recent findings suggest that standing stocks of mesozooplankton are not low and provide good prey availability for fish larvae, no information is available at their prey quality. Here, we investigated the spatial and temporal variations in the fatty acid content of mesozooplankton communities from transect lines across the Kuroshio to evaluate the nutritional quality of mesozooplankton as prey for fish larvae. We identified 5 saturated fatty acids (SFAs), 4 mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and 13 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the mesozooplankton community. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that fatty acid contents in mesozooplankton dry mass were more variable between the seasons than at the sites, with increasing SFA in summer. Long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) content, represented by arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids, was comparable between the Kuroshio and its neighboring waters. These LC-PUFA contents exhibited significant positive correlations with the relative abundance of Eucalanidae copepods and molluscans determined with metabarcoding analysis. These contents were also positively correlated with the fatty acid content of the haptophyte biomarker. Beaked sandfish larvae had higher LC-PUFA contents than those of Anguilliformes leptocephali. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the fatty acid composition of omnivorous crustaceans, such as decapods and Eucalanidae copepods, was synchronized with that of beaked sandfish larvae. These findings suggest that the LC-PUFA contents of mesozooplankton communities accumulate in omnivorous crustaceans feeding on nano- to micro-sized phytoplankton and are transferred to planktivorous fish larvae.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 103598"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145383400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does an arctic circumpolar distribution exist for deep-sea sponges? Unravelling the systematics of Stylocordyla borealis (Porifera: Demospongiae) through integrative taxonomy 深海海绵存在北极绕极分布吗？用综合分类学揭示北方styloordyla borealis （Porifera: Demospongiae）的系统

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103646

Franziska I. Theising , Ute Hentschel , Kathrin Busch , Angelika Brandt , Francisca Carvalho , Joana R. Xavier , Andreu Santín Muriel

Delineating species boundaries is crucial for understanding deep-sea sponge biodiversity and biogeographical patterns, which aids in conservation efforts such as the establishment of Marine Protected Areas. The demosponge Stylocordyla borealis (Lovén, 1868) was historically thought to have a widespread distribution across various ocean basins. However, recent studies using morphological and molecular tools revealed a complex of several distinct species, each with specific biogeographical ranges. While a cosmopolitan distribution for S. borealis has now been disproven, uncertainties about its wide-ranging records and many subspecies continue to persist. The present study focuses on the Arctic circumpolar distribution of the North Atlantic S. borealis and its North Pacific subspecies S. borealis eous Koltun, 1966. Morphological traits, phylogenetic reconstruction with genetic markers (COI, 28S), and 16S amplicon sequencing of microbial communities were used to explore phenotypic and genetic diversity within S. borealis Atlantic and Pacific populations.

Results showed that S. borealis is confined to the North Atlantic and Boreo-Arctic regions, while S. borealis eous inhabits the North Pacific and should be taxonomically elevated to a distinct species, named Stylocordyla eous Koltun, 1966 comb. nov. This distinction underscores the contentious nature of the subspecies concept in sponge taxonomy and highlights the value of molecular techniques. In this study, microbial fingerprinting enabled species-level resolution within the Stylocordyla genus, demonstrating the importance of 16S microbial amplicon sequencing as a complementary tool for Porifera taxonomy. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of deep-sea sponge biodiversity and distribution.

划定物种边界对于了解深海海绵生物多样性和生物地理格局至关重要，这有助于建立海洋保护区等保护工作。在历史上，人们认为海绵Stylocordyla borealis （lov, 1868）广泛分布在不同的海洋盆地。然而，最近使用形态学和分子工具的研究揭示了几个不同物种的复合体，每个物种都有特定的生物地理范围。虽然北方葡萄球菌的世界性分布现在已经被证明是错误的，但关于其广泛记录和许多亚种的不确定性仍然存在。本文主要研究北大西洋S. borealis及其北太平洋亚种S. borealis的北极环极分布。利用形态学特征、遗传标记（COI, 28S）重建系统发育和16S扩增子测序等方法，探讨了大西洋和太平洋北方北方海螺（S. borealis）种群的表型和遗传多样性。结果表明，S. borealis分布于北大西洋和北北极地区，而S. borealis分布于北太平洋，在分类学上应被提升为一个独立的种，命名为Stylocordyla eous Koltun， 1966 comb。11 .这一区别强调了海绵分类学中亚种概念的争议性，并突出了分子技术的价值。在这项研究中，微生物指纹图谱实现了styloordyla属的物种水平分辨率，证明了16S微生物扩增子测序作为Porifera分类的补充工具的重要性。这些见解有助于更深入地了解深海海绵的生物多样性和分布。

{"title":"Does an arctic circumpolar distribution exist for deep-sea sponges? Unravelling the systematics of Stylocordyla borealis (Porifera: Demospongiae) through integrative taxonomy","authors":"Franziska I. Theising , Ute Hentschel , Kathrin Busch , Angelika Brandt , Francisca Carvalho , Joana R. Xavier , Andreu Santín Muriel","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103646","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103646","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Delineating species boundaries is crucial for understanding deep-sea sponge biodiversity and biogeographical patterns, which aids in conservation efforts such as the establishment of Marine Protected Areas. The demosponge <em>Stylocordyla borealis</em> (Lovén, 1868) was historically thought to have a widespread distribution across various ocean basins. However, recent studies using morphological and molecular tools revealed a complex of several distinct species, each with specific biogeographical ranges. While a cosmopolitan distribution for <em>S. borealis</em> has now been disproven, uncertainties about its wide-ranging records and many subspecies continue to persist. The present study focuses on the Arctic circumpolar distribution of the North Atlantic <em>S. borealis</em> and its North Pacific subspecies <em>S. borealis eous</em> Koltun, 1966. Morphological traits, phylogenetic reconstruction with genetic markers (<em>COI</em>, <em>28S</em>), and <em>16S</em> amplicon sequencing of microbial communities were used to explore phenotypic and genetic diversity within <em>S. borealis</em> Atlantic and Pacific populations.</div><div>Results showed that <em>S. borealis</em> is confined to the North Atlantic and Boreo-Arctic regions, while <em>S. borealis eous</em> inhabits the North Pacific and should be taxonomically elevated to a distinct species, named <em>Stylocordyla eous</em> Koltun, 1966 comb. nov. This distinction underscores the contentious nature of the subspecies concept in sponge taxonomy and highlights the value of molecular techniques. In this study, microbial fingerprinting enabled species-level resolution within the <em>Stylocordyla</em> genus, demonstrating the importance of <em>16S</em> microbial amplicon sequencing as a complementary tool for Porifera taxonomy. These insights contribute to a deeper understanding of deep-sea sponge biodiversity and distribution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"241 ","pages":"Article 103646"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145731519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Annual net community production and carbon exports in the central Sargasso sea from autonomous underwater glider observations 从自主水下滑翔机观测的马尾藻海中部年净群落产量和碳出口

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103619

Ruth G. Curry , Michael W. Lomas , Megan R. Sullivan , Damian Grundle

Despite decades of ship-based observations at the Bermuda Atlantic Timeseries Study (BATS) site, ambiguities linger in our understanding of the region’s annual carbon cycle. Difficulties reconciling geochemical estimates of annual net community production (ANCP) with direct measurements of nutrient delivery and carbon exports (EP) have implied either an insufficient understanding of these processes, and/or that they are playing out on shorter time and spatial scales than resolved by monthly sampling. We address the latter concern using autonomous underwater gliders equipped with biogeochemical sensors to quantify ANCP from mass balances of oxygen (O₂) and nitrate (NO₃⁻) over a full annual cycle. The timing, amplitude and distributions of O₂ production, consumption, and NO₃⁻ fluxes reaffirm ideas about strong seasonality in physical forcing and trophic structure creating a dual system: i.e. production fueled by NO₃⁻ supplied to the photic zone from deeper layers in the first half of the year, versus being recycled within the upper ocean during the second half. The evidence also supports recently proposed hypotheses regarding the production and recycling of carbon with non-Redfield characteristics, depleted in nitrogen and phosphorus, to explain observed patterns of high NCP in the absence of significant NO₃⁻ supply. It further identifies significant contributions to ANCP and EP potentially linked to vertically migrating communities of salps in spring after all convective activity has ceased. The improved resolution of the datasets, combined with more precise definitions of photic and subphotic integration depths, brings the estimates of ANCP and EP into better alignment with each other.

尽管在百慕大大西洋时间序列研究（BATS）站点进行了数十年的船舶观测，但我们对该地区年度碳循环的理解仍然含糊不清。将年净群落产量（ANCP）的地球化学估算与养分输送和碳输出（EP）的直接测量相协调存在困难，这意味着要么对这些过程的理解不足，要么它们在较短的时间和空间尺度上发挥作用，而不是通过每月采样来解决。我们使用配备生物地球化学传感器的自主水下滑翔机来解决后一个问题，该滑翔机可以在整个年周期内通过氧气（O2）和硝酸盐（NO3−）的质量平衡来量化ANCP。O2产生、消耗和NO3 -通量的时间、幅度和分布重申了物理强迫和营养结构中强烈季节性的观点，形成了一个双重系统：即上半年由较深层提供给光区的NO3 -推动生产，而下半年则在上层海洋内循环。这些证据还支持了最近提出的假设，即具有非redfield特征的碳的产生和再循环，氮和磷的耗尽，以解释在没有大量NO3−供应的情况下观察到的高NCP模式。它进一步确定了对ANCP和EP的重要贡献可能与春季所有对流活动停止后垂直迁移的海鞘群落有关。数据集分辨率的提高，结合更精确的光和亚光积分深度定义，使ANCP和EP的估计能够更好地相互匹配。

{"title":"Annual net community production and carbon exports in the central Sargasso sea from autonomous underwater glider observations","authors":"Ruth G. Curry , Michael W. Lomas , Megan R. Sullivan , Damian Grundle","doi":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite decades of ship-based observations at the Bermuda Atlantic Timeseries Study (BATS) site, ambiguities linger in our understanding of the region’s annual carbon cycle. Difficulties reconciling geochemical estimates of annual net community production (ANCP) with direct measurements of nutrient delivery and carbon exports (EP) have implied either an insufficient understanding of these processes, and/or that they are playing out on shorter time and spatial scales than resolved by monthly sampling. We address the latter concern using autonomous underwater gliders equipped with biogeochemical sensors to quantify ANCP from mass balances of oxygen (O<sub>2</sub>) and nitrate (NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>) over a full annual cycle. The timing, amplitude and distributions of O<sub>2</sub> production, consumption, and NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> fluxes reaffirm ideas about strong seasonality in physical forcing and trophic structure creating a dual system: i.e. production fueled by NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> supplied to the photic zone from deeper layers in the first half of the year, versus being recycled within the upper ocean during the second half. The evidence also supports recently proposed hypotheses regarding the production and recycling of carbon with non-Redfield characteristics, depleted in nitrogen and phosphorus, to explain observed patterns of high NCP in the absence of significant NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup> supply. It further identifies significant contributions to ANCP and EP potentially linked to vertically migrating communities of salps in spring after all convective activity has ceased. The improved resolution of the datasets, combined with more precise definitions of photic and subphotic integration depths, brings the estimates of ANCP and EP into better alignment with each other.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20620,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Oceanography","volume":"240 ","pages":"Article 103619"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145531208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0