Progress in Oceanography最新文献_第5页

Hadal copepods in and around: A metabarcoding Survey of meiofauna in the Aleutian trench and adjacent regions 阿留申海沟及其邻近地区足桡足动物的元条形码调查

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103596

Frederic Bonk , Sahar Khodami , Angelika Brandt , Pedro Martínez Arbizu

Hadal trenches remain among the least explored marine environments, with much of their faunal diversity still unknown. It is still debated whether trenches act as dispersal barrier for benthic organisms potentially leading to distinct faunal communities within and around them. This study aimed to investigate the meiofauna diversity in and around the Aleutian trench using a multi-gene metabarcoding approach. Two genetic markers, CO1 and 18S, were used to assess the potential uniqueness of hadal, abyssal and bathyal habitats. To improve the accuracy of taxonomic assignments, a curated reference library of harpacticoid species was created. All sampling sites revealed unique meiofaunal communities; however, both markers consistently detected a clear separation between hadal and abyssal assemblages. While certain taxa were underrepresented in the CO1 dataset compared to 18S, likely due to primer bias, the overall patterns in community structure remained consistent. Besides depth, Chl-a (for CO1) and TOC (for 18S) emerged as key environmental factors influencing meiofauna community composition. Notably, eight COI OTUs were detected across sites spanning the trench, five of which were also detected in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, suggesting that the trench does not necessarily act as a strict barrier to dispersal. One of these OTUs was assigned to genus Dorsiceratus − a taxon rarely encountered in previous deep-sea surveys − demonstrating the potential of metabarcoding, especially when combined with curated reference libraries, to reveal hidden biodiversity.

深海沟仍然是探索最少的海洋环境之一，它们的动物多样性仍然未知。海沟是否作为底栖生物的扩散屏障，可能导致它们内部和周围不同的动物群落，目前仍存在争议。本研究旨在利用多基因元条形码方法研究阿留申海沟及其周围的小型动物多样性。采用CO1和18S两种遗传标记来评估深海、深海和深海生境的潜在独特性。为了提高分类学鉴定的准确性，建立了一个精心策划的羽状螨类参考文库。所有取样点均显示出独特的小区系群落；然而，这两个标记都一致地检测到深海和深海组合之间的明显分离。与18S相比，CO1数据集中某些分类群的代表性不足（可能是由于引物偏倚），但群落结构的总体格局保持一致。除深度外，Chl-a（代表CO1）和TOC（代表18S）是影响微型动物群落组成的关键环境因子。值得注意的是，在横跨海沟的地点检测到8个COI otu，其中5个也在Clarion-Clipperton区检测到，这表明海沟并不一定是一个严格的扩散屏障。其中一个otu被分配给Dorsiceratus属，这是一个在以前的深海调查中很少遇到的分类群，这表明了元条形码的潜力，特别是当与精选参考图书馆结合使用时，可以揭示隐藏的生物多样性。

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引用次数: 0

The first record of Porcupinella profunda from the North Pacific, Aleutian Trench documents phylogenetic position in the Umbellulidae 在北太平洋阿留申海沟首次发现深Porcupinella profunda，记录了其在伞形科的系统发育位置

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103590

Yuka Kushida , Angelika Brandt , James Davis Reimer , Hiroki Kise , Angelo Poliseno

The genus Porcupinella belongs to the family Chunellidae and inhabits deep-sea environments. It currently includes two species: Porcupinella profunda, from the Atlantic Ocean, and Porcupinella tasmanica, reported from the Tasman Sea. Porcupinella species can be distinguished from other genera by their well-developed terminal polyp and their colony form, which features paired lateral autozooids on the distal portion of the rachis, resembling genus Umbellula of family Umbellulidae. Here, we report the first record of P. profunda from the Aleutian Trench, representing the first record from the Pacific Ocean, collected during the Aleut-Bio cruise in 2022, and discuss taxonomic issues among the families Chunellidae, Umbellulidae, and Scleroptilidae. Mitochondrial sequence data reveal a very close phylogenetic relationship of Porcupinella profunda to species of Umbellula (Umbellulidae).

豪猪属属于豪猪科，生活在深海环境中。它目前包括两个物种：来自大西洋的深孔豪猪和来自塔斯曼海的塔斯马尼亚豪猪。Porcupinella与其他属的区别在于其发育良好的末端息肉和集落形式，其特征是在轴的远端部分有成对的横向自虫，类似于伞形科的伞形属。本文报道了2022年阿留申-生物巡航期间在阿留申海沟收集到的第一个深海p.a prounda记录，代表了太平洋的第一个记录，并讨论了Chunellidae， Umbellulidae和Scleroptilidae的分类问题。线粒体序列数据揭示了深豪猪属（Porcupinella profunda）与伞形菌属（伞形菌科）的亲缘关系。

引用次数: 0

High connectivity of a new Eurycope (Asellota: Munnopsidae) species from Japanese waters and the Bering Sea with intraspecific genetic divergence among local populations 日本海域和白令海一新种的高连通性及当地种群间的种内遗传分化

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103588

Mizuki Ohta , Shigeaki Kojima , Stefanie Kaiser , Angelika Brandt

In this study, we describe a newly discovered species of Munnopsidae Lilljeborg, 1864 within the genus Eurycope Sars, 1864, expanding our understanding of deep-sea biodiversity and species connectivity in the Northern Pacific. The specimens were collected during three deep-sea expeditions in Japan and the Aleutian Trenches using Japanese and German research vessels. The new species can be distinguished from other congeners by a long rostrum without keel, well-developed distomedial projection of article 1 of antenna 1, ascending dorsal projections on pereonites 5–7, and distal concave margin of male pleopod 1. This species has well-developed swimming legs, suggesting a high swimming capability and thus, a wide distribution range, as reported for other munnopsid species in previous studies. This distribution may be influenced by some deep-sea currents that transport deep water masses northward along the western Pacific coast, eventually flowing into the Bering Sea via the eastern side of the Kamchatka Peninsula. In this study, we determined the partial nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial genes for cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and the 16S ribosomal RNA gene (16S rDNA). The constructed haplotype networks revealed intraspecific genetic divergence among the regional populations (COI: 5.4 % divergence, 16S rDNA: 2.7 % divergence of Kimura 2-parameter distance). We also constructed a new phylogenetic tree for some Eurycope munnopsids based on COI, 16S rDNA, and a nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA gene (18S rDNA) sequences. The concatenated tree suggests that the Pacific and Atlantic species form distinct lineages; however, more data are needed to further resolve this pattern.

在这项研究中，我们描述了一个新发现的物种Munnopsidae Lilljeborg， 1864在Eurycope Sars属，1864，扩大了我们对北太平洋深海生物多样性和物种连通性的认识。这些标本是由日本和德国的研究船在日本和阿留申海沟的三次深海探险中收集的。该新种与其他同类的区别在于：喙部长而无龙骨，触角1号第1条的远端突起发育良好，peronites 5-7上的背向上突起，雄性pleopod 1的远端凹缘。该物种游动腿发育良好，游动能力强，分布范围广，与以往研究中其他无肢纲动物的研究结果一致。这种分布可能受到一些深海洋流的影响，这些洋流沿着西太平洋海岸向北输送深水团，最终通过堪察加半岛的东侧流入白令海。在这项研究中，我们确定了线粒体细胞色素c氧化酶亚基I （COI）基因和16S核糖体RNA基因（16S rDNA）的部分核苷酸序列。构建的单倍型网络揭示了区域居群的种内遗传差异（COI: 5.4%的差异，16S rDNA: 2.7%的木村2参数距离差异）。基于COI、16S rDNA和核18S核糖体RNA基因（18S rDNA）序列，构建了一棵新的系统发育树。连接的树表明太平洋和大西洋的物种形成了不同的谱系；然而，需要更多的数据来进一步解决这个模式。

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引用次数: 0

New light in the North Pacific: Two new species of Typhlotanaidae (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) from the Aleutian region 北太平洋的新发现：阿留申地区褐藻科两新种（甲壳纲：褐藻科）

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103586

Marta Gellert , Magdalena Błażewicz , Graham J. Bird

The deep-sea paratanaoidean family Typhlotanaidae remains understudied, both taxonomically and phylogenetically, particularly in the North Pacific. This study examines previously undocumented representatives of the genus Typhlamia collected from the Aleutian region. Using an integrative approach that combines morphological analysis and, in one case, molecular data based on 18S rDNA sequences, we identify distinct lineages within the genus. The genetic data reveal a well-supported clade that is clearly separated from the other sequenced members of Typhlamia, suggesting the genus may be polyphyletic and in need of revision. Morphological characteristics further support the distinctiveness of the examined specimens. Their occurrence on either slope of the Aleutian Trench indicate that this region may act as a partial biogeographic barrier, while also hosting previously undocumented deep-sea diversity. These findings highlight the Aleutian region as an important area for understanding the evolution, dispersal, and hidden biodiversity of deep-sea peracarids.

LSIDurn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8574DCBD-8E4A-40BC-914A-473DC69A4634.

深海副海螺科伤寒海螺科在分类学和系统发育上仍未得到充分研究，特别是在北太平洋。本研究检查了以前未记录的从阿留申地区收集的伤寒属代表。使用结合形态学分析的综合方法，在一个案例中，基于18S rDNA序列的分子数据，我们确定了属内不同的谱系。遗传数据揭示了一个得到良好支持的分支，它与其他测序的伤寒成员明显分离，表明该属可能是多系的，需要修订。形态学特征进一步支持了被检查标本的独特性。它们出现在阿留申海沟的任何一个斜坡上，表明该地区可能充当部分生物地理屏障，同时也拥有以前未记载的深海多样性。这些发现突出表明，阿留申地区是了解深海潜虫进化、扩散和隐藏生物多样性的重要区域。

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引用次数: 0

Flaviatella gen. nov., a new genus of monothalamous foraminifera with a wide geographical and bathymetrical distribution 黄有孔虫属一新属，具有广泛的地理和水深分布

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103589

Maria Holzmann , Andrew J Gooday , Jan Pawlowski

Single chambered foraminifera (monothalamids) occur in all marine habitats, as well as freshwater and terrestrial environments. Their genetic diversity by far surpasses their morphological variety and a combination of morphological and molecular data is needed to distinguish species and classify them. We present here the results of an integrative taxonomic study of monothalamids from bathyal and abyssal samples collected from the Bering Sea and Aleutian Trench and from coastal waters in the Southern Hemisphere. Based on morphological and molecular (DNA barcode sequences of 18S rRNA) data, we describe Flaviatella gen. nov., a member of monothalamid Clade Y. The type species, F. profunda gen. & sp. nov., was isolated from surface sediment samples collected at lower bathyal depths (3553 m) in the Bering Sea and at abyssal depths (4612 m) close to the nearby Aleutian trench. Specimens collected in 2007 from near the Japan trench (5360 m depth) are morphologically similar and genetically identical to this species. We also describe a second species of the new genus, F. siemensma sp. nov., based on samples collected in 2019 from a shallow subtidal bay in the Falkland Islands. Flaviatella is a new genus with a large geographic distribution and a wide bathymetric range, showing that monothalamid taxa can successfully colonize disjunct areas and adapt to different environmental conditions.

单室有孔虫（单丘脑虫）存在于所有的海洋栖息地，以及淡水和陆地环境中。它们的遗传多样性远远超过它们的形态多样性，需要结合形态和分子数据来区分和分类它们。我们在这里介绍了从白令海、阿留申海沟和南半球沿海水域收集的深海和深海样品中单丘脑类的综合分类研究结果。基于形态学和分子（18S rRNA的DNA条形码序列）数据，我们描述了黄斑蝶属（Flaviatella gen. &; sp. nov.），这是一种单thalamid分支Y.的成员。模式种F. profunda gen. &; sp. nov.是从白令海较低的深海（3553 m）和靠近阿留申海沟的深海（4612 m）收集的表层沉积物样本中分离出来的。2007年在日本海沟附近（5360米深）采集的标本在形态上和基因上与该物种相似。我们还根据2019年从福克兰群岛的一个浅海潮下海湾收集的样本，描述了新属的第二个物种，F. siemensma sp. nov.。Flaviatella是一个地理分布广、水深范围广的新属，表明单thalamid类群能够成功地在不相交的地区定殖，并适应不同的环境条件。

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引用次数: 0

Assessing the food web structure of the mesozooplankton community in the highly variable coastal upwelling system of the southeast Pacific 评估东南太平洋高度变化的沿海上升流系统中浮游动物群落的食物网结构

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103580

Cabrera-Núñez Susana , Fernández-Urruzola Igor , Bode Antonio , Hernández-Trujillo Sergio , Hidalgo Pamela , Escribano Ruben

Zooplankton are a key component in the food web of highly productive coastal upwelling systems linking primary producers to higher trophic levels. However, the complex taxonomy, wide size spectrum, and diverse trophic behaviors of zooplankton make it challenging to characterize their food web structure. This study proposes a Trophic Behavior Index (TBI) to assess the trophic structure of zooplankton and test the hypothesis that key biological attributes such as body size, diel vertical migration (DVM) behavior and trophic interactions, rather than environmental factors, primarily shape the food web dynamics of mesozooplankton communities. To this end, we analyzed depth-stratified daytime and nighttime samples of mesozooplankton collected from the upper 900 m at three oceanographically contrasting stations in the Southeast Pacific upwelling system. Vertical gradients in temperature, chlorophyll-a and dissolved oxygen were examined in relation to zooplankton abundance and composition, their DVM behavior, biomass size spectra and trophic position. The proposed TBI was constructed from zooplankton body size assessed by automated image analysis, DVM amplitude and trophic position of taxonomic groups derived from nitrogen stable isotope composition. This index was then compared across environmental conditions, allowing the classification of mesozooplankton into four major trophic functional groups: low predators (primary consumers), moderate predators, strong predators and top predators (very strong predators). Variability in oceanographic conditions influenced the zooplankton community composition and size spectrum; however, our findings suggest that zooplankton body size, DVM behavior and trophic position are the primary determinants of trophic structure. This is reflected in the relative abundance of functional groups, with strong and very strong predators prevailing in offshore areas, whereas the coastal zone was dominated by primary consumers and moderate predators. Overall, our findings support the TBI as a robust community descriptor of zooplankton trophic structure across highly variable oceanographic settings.

浮游动物是将初级生产者与更高营养水平联系起来的高产沿海上升流系统的食物网的关键组成部分。然而，浮游动物复杂的分类、广泛的体型谱和多样的营养行为给其食物网结构的表征带来了挑战。本研究提出了一种营养行为指数（TBI）来评估浮游动物的营养结构，并验证了一种假设，即决定中浮游动物群落食物网动态的主要因素不是环境因素，而是关键的生物属性，如体型、dieel vertical migration （DVM）行为和营养相互作用。为此，我们分析了东南太平洋上升流系统中三个海洋对比站在900米以上采集的日间和夜间深层浮游动物样本。研究了温度、叶绿素a和溶解氧垂直梯度与浮游动物丰度和组成、DVM行为、生物量大小谱和营养位置的关系。通过自动图像分析评估浮游动物的体型、DVM振幅和氮稳定同位素组成得出的分类类群的营养位置，构建了TBI。然后将该指数在不同的环境条件下进行比较，将中浮游动物分为四个主要的营养功能组：低捕食者（主要捕食者）、中等捕食者、强捕食者和顶级捕食者（非常强的捕食者）。海洋条件的变化影响浮游动物群落组成和大小谱；然而，我们的研究结果表明，浮游动物的体型、DVM行为和营养位置是营养结构的主要决定因素。这反映在功能群的相对丰度上，近海地区以强捕食者和非常强捕食者为主，而沿海地区则以初级捕食者和中等捕食者为主。总的来说，我们的研究结果支持TBI在高度可变的海洋环境中作为浮游动物营养结构的强大群落描述符。

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引用次数: 0

Iron dynamics during spring phytoplankton bloom in the southern Sea of Okhotsk: The impact of sea ice melt on iron supply 鄂霍次克海南部春季浮游植物繁殖期间的铁动态：海冰融化对铁供应的影响

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103587

Momoka Imai , Aiko Murayama , Kazuya Ono , Youhei Yamashita , Koji Suzuki , Tomohiro Nakamura , Kay I. Ohshima , Humio Mitsudera , Jun Nishioka

The southern Sea of Okhotsk, a seasonal sea ice zone, experiences a massive spring phytoplankton bloom every year. This bloom requires rich macronutrients and iron (Fe) as an essential micro-nutrient; however, the processes supplying Fe are not yet well understood. Consequently, we conducted detailed shipboard observations and Fe concentration measurements off Hokkaido, Japan, in the southern Sea of Okhotsk during the spring phytoplankton bloom following the retreat of sea ice. A phytoplankton bloom was observed in the surface low salinity water (SLSW), where chlorophyll a concentrations reached as high as 8.6 ± 4.6 mg m⁻³, while dissolved Fe (D-Fe) and nitrate concentrations remained low. The contribution of sea ice meltwater to SLSW was estimated through water δ¹⁸O analysis at 2.4 ± 0.5 %, with a particularly high contribution observed in the eastern part near the Shiretoko Peninsula. The impact of sea ice meltwater on supplying labile particulate Fe (LP-Fe) was estimated at 17 ± 4 nM, whereas the contribution of D-Fe was relatively small at 0.03 ± 0.02 nM, corresponding to ∼39 % and ∼2 % of the Fe concentration in seawater after sea ice melt, respectively. Additionally, LP-Fe was re-supplied from the Hokkaido shelf sediments, while D-Fe concentrations in intermediate to deep waters were influenced by particle remineralization. The redox environment of this region varied with topography and density layers, which also influenced the distribution of LP-Fe and D-Fe on the shelf and in the basin. These findings emphasize the complex processes controlling Fe dynamics in the studied area and their role in supporting the region’s primary production.

鄂霍次克海南部是一个季节性的海冰区，每年春天浮游植物都会大量繁殖。这种花需要丰富的宏量营养素和铁（Fe）作为必需的微量营养素；然而，提供铁的过程尚未得到很好的理解。因此，在海冰消退后的春季浮游植物繁殖期，我们在日本北海道南部鄂霍次克海域进行了详细的船上观测和铁浓度测量。低盐度水体（SLSW）表层浮游植物大量繁殖，叶绿素A浓度高达8.6±4.6 mg m−3，而溶解铁（D-Fe）和硝酸盐浓度保持在较低水平。通过水δ18O分析，估计海冰融水对SLSW的贡献为2.4±0.5%，其中东部靠近知子半岛的贡献特别大。海冰融水对供应活性颗粒铁（LP-Fe）的影响估计为17±4 nM，而D-Fe的贡献相对较小，为0.03±0.02 nM，分别相当于海冰融化后海水中铁浓度的~ 39%和~ 2%。此外，北海道陆架沉积物对LP-Fe进行了再补给，而中深水D-Fe浓度受到颗粒再矿化的影响。该地区的氧化还原环境随地形和密度层的不同而不同，也影响了陆架和盆地中LP-Fe和D-Fe的分布。这些发现强调了控制研究地区铁动态的复杂过程及其在支持该地区初级生产中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Climate variability induces changes in phytoplankton phenology across Spanish marine ecoregions 气候变率引起西班牙海洋生态区浮游植物物候的变化

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103583

Manuel Fernández-Barba, Pablo Almaraz, I. Emma Huertas, Gabriel Navarro

Climate change is altering the global phenology of phytoplankton (i.e., the timing and magnitude of blooms) by influencing upper-ocean physical and biogeochemical conditions. However, less is known about regional phytoplankton responses to short-term climate extremes, despite their increasing severity and profound ecological impacts. In this study, we broadly investigate spatiotemporal changes in phytoplankton phenology across Spanish marine ecoregions using 26 years of high-resolution L4 chlorophyll-a data from Copernicus’ multisatellite observations. We identify a regionally dependent trend toward less intense, longer-lasting coastal phytoplankton blooms that initiate and terminate earlier, accompanied by a decline in seasonality over the past decade. Notably, we find greater variability in the reproducibility of phytoplankton seasonal cycles during years of pronounced climatic instability. Further, using cutting-edge analytical methods, we empirically reveal causal, nonlinear relationships between dynamical changes in phytoplankton phenology and thermal (i.e., marine heatwaves) and wind-speed (i.e., Windiness) extremes. Our findings improve predictive skill for phytoplankton responses to transient climate events, providing evidence of their influence in shaping phytoplankton dynamics; insights particularly relevant for anticipating ecological and socioeconomic impacts.

气候变化通过影响上层海洋的物理和生物地球化学条件，正在改变浮游植物的全球物候（即水华的时间和规模）。然而，区域浮游植物对短期极端气候的响应知之甚少，尽管它们的严重性和深远的生态影响越来越大。在本研究中，我们利用哥白尼多卫星观测的26年高分辨率L4叶绿素-a数据，广泛研究了西班牙海洋生态区浮游植物物候的时空变化。我们发现了一个区域性的趋势，即沿海浮游植物的繁殖强度较小，持续时间较长，开始和结束的时间较早，伴随着过去十年季节性的下降。值得注意的是，我们发现在气候明显不稳定的年份里，浮游植物季节周期的可重复性变化更大。此外，我们利用尖端的分析方法，实证地揭示了浮游植物物候动态变化与极端温度（即海洋热浪）和极端风速（即风度）之间的因果非线性关系。我们的发现提高了浮游植物对短暂气候事件响应的预测技能，提供了它们在形成浮游植物动力学方面的影响的证据；与预测生态和社会经济影响特别相关的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Climate variability drives species-specific changes in euphausiid biomass and length during a long-term study off Newport, Oregon, USA (2001–2018) 2001-2018年，美国俄勒冈州纽波特海域的一项长期研究表明，气候变率推动了绿藻生物量和长度的物种特异性变化。

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103584

C. Tracy Shaw , Jennifer L. Fisher

Euphausiids are essential prey in the northeast Pacific, where changes in their distribution, biomass, and species composition can impact higher trophic levels. We used an 18-year (2001–2018) high-frequency time-series from the Newport Hydrographic Line (44.6°N) to investigate how temperature drives changes in cross-shelf distribution and how both temperature and productivity influence seasonal and interannual differences in euphausiid density, biomass, and length. Three species occurred throughout the study: Euphausia pacifica was most abundant (85%), followed by Thysanoessa spinifera (14 %), and Thysanoessa inspinata (1 %). E. pacifica were consistently associated with shelf break and slope habitats. T. spinifera abundances were generally similar at all stations but notably higher inshore during cool conditions. Temperature was inversely related to E. pacifica and T. spinifera density, biomass, and adult length, and adults of both species were nearly absent during anomalously warm ocean conditions. There were strong cross-shelf gradients in length for adult E. pacifica and T. spinifera, with consistently smaller individuals found at offshore stations and larger adults occurring at cooler more productive inshore stations. In warmer years, adults of both species were consistently smaller across all stations. Our results demonstrate euphausiid species-specific responses to climate variability suggesting reduced prey resources for higher trophic levels during warm ocean conditions.

在东北太平洋，食蚜虫是必不可少的猎物，它们的分布、生物量和物种组成的变化会影响更高的营养水平。我们使用来自纽波特海道线（44.6°N）的18年（2001-2018）高频时间序列来研究温度如何驱动跨大陆架分布的变化，以及温度和生产力如何影响海虱密度、生物量和长度的季节性和年际差异。研究共发现3种，其中以太平洋飞虱（Euphausia pacifica）数量最多（85%），其次是刺叶飞虱（Thysanoessa spinifera）（14%）和刺叶飞虱（Thysanoessa inspinata）（1%）。太平洋海苔始终与陆架断裂和斜坡生境相关。在所有站点中，刺虫的丰度基本相似，但在寒冷条件下，沿海地区的丰度明显较高。温度与太平洋赤潮和刺叶赤潮的密度、生物量和成虫长度呈负相关，在异常温暖的海洋条件下，这两种赤潮几乎没有成虫。太平洋姬蚊成虫和尖刺姬蚊成虫在长度上有很强的跨陆架梯度，在近海站点发现的个体始终较小，而在较凉爽、生产力较高的近海站点发现的个体则较大。在温暖的年份，两种物种的成虫在所有站点的体型都一贯较小。我们的研究结果表明，在温暖的海洋条件下，高营养水平的猎物资源减少，对气候变化有特定的反应。

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引用次数: 0

What is hidden in the distribution of sea cucumber faecal casts? Spatial point pattern analysis reveals tracemaker community competition in the Bering Sea abyssal plain 海参粪便的分布背后隐藏着什么？空间点格局分析揭示了白令海深海平原示踪生物群落的竞争

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103585

Olmo Miguez-Salas , Phillip C. Boan , Joséphine Pierrat

Sea cucumbers are one of the most abundant deep-sea benthic megafauna, both in terms of abundance and biomass. As efficient bioturbators, they assimilate nutrients from ingested material while excreting sediments (i.e., faecal cast lebensspuren), playing an important role as ecosystem engineers of the deep seafloor. Thus, distribution of the faecal casts produced by sea cucumbers, one of the most common morphotypes of deep-sea lebensspuren assemblages, may reflect the nutrient composition of the seafloor. However, the implications of these lebensspuren for understanding competition among tracemaker communities (i.e., benthic fauna responsible of lebensspuren formation) in the deep-sea have rarely been explored. Here, we apply spatial point pattern analysis (SPPA) based on still images of rounded faecal casts and their producer (Elpidia minutissima) in an abyssal transect of the Bering Sea that was studied during the RV Sonne expedition AleutBio (Aleutian Trench Biodiversity Studies) (SO293). Elpidia minutissima is a well-known tracemaker that performs non-random foraging movements, and is able to detect and feed on nutrient-rich patches. We found that 24 rounded faecal cast populations best-fit a Complete Spatial Randomness (CSR) model, and 16 best-fit a Heterogeneous Poisson (HP) model (i.e., aggregated distribution). CSR populations were negatively correlated with tracemaker density and digesting lebensspuren assemblage, suggesting a low nutrient seafloor. HP populations were positively correlated with locomotion lebensspuren assemblage, suggesting a more favorable seafloor. We highlight the utility of SPPA on faecal casts, one of the most common lebensspuren on deep-sea still images, as a proxy for seafloor nutrient conditions.

海参是最丰富的深海底栖巨型动物之一，无论是在丰度和生物量方面。作为高效的生物turturators，它们从摄入的物质中吸收营养物质，同时排泄沉积物（即粪便粪便），作为深海底生态系统工程师发挥着重要作用。因此，海参粪便的分布可能反映了海底的营养成分。海参是深海生物组合中最常见的形态之一。然而，这些生物对了解深海中追踪群落（即对生物形成负责的底栖动物）之间竞争的意义却很少被探索。在这里，我们应用空间点模式分析（SPPA）基于圆形粪便粪便及其生产者（Elpidia minutissima）的静止图像，该图像是在RV Sonne考察阿留申生物（阿留申海沟生物多样性研究）（SO293）期间研究的白令海深海样带。小毛鼠是一种著名的追踪者，它能进行非随机的觅食运动，并能发现并以营养丰富的斑块为食。我们发现24个圆形粪便种群最适合完全空间随机（CSR）模型，16个最适合异质泊松（HP）模型（即聚集分布）。CSR种群与示踪器密度和消化lebensspuren组合呈负相关，表明海底营养物质较低。HP种群与运动lebensspurens组合呈正相关，表明海底环境更有利。我们强调了SPPA在粪便上的应用，粪便是深海静止图像上最常见的一种物质，可以作为海底营养状况的代表。

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