Progress in Oceanography最新文献_第7页

Nitrogenous sources for summertime phytoplankton at two contrasting stations in the subarctic and subtropical western North Pacific 北太平洋西部亚北极和亚热带两个对比站夏季浮游植物的氮源

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103614

C. Yoshikawa , H. Yamaguchi , N.O. Ogawa , A. Makabe , M. Sato , Y. Mino , K. Matsumoto , Y. Nakano , S. Kawagucci , T. Fujiki , N. Harada , M. Kawachi , N. Ohkouchi

Nitrogen isotope compositions (δ¹⁵N) of phytoplankton, nitrate, and ammonium can reveal the fraction of nitrate versus ammonium utilization by phytoplankton. The δ¹⁵N values of ammonium in the open ocean has been rarely determined because of its low concentration. However, interpretations of phytoplankton nitrogen sources using δ¹⁵N values has required the ammonium δ¹⁵N values. Here, we determined the δ¹⁵N values of phytoplankton, nitrate, and ammonium in the summertime of 2012–2016 at contrasting stations in the subarctic and subtropical western North Pacific. We also developed a nitrogen isotope model to constrain the nitrogenous sources of the phytoplankton and compensate for the lack of observations. At the subarctic station, the δ¹⁵N values of nitrate and phytoplankton in the surface waters were 8.5 ‰ and − 5.9 ± 0.5 ‰ to − 3.3 ± 0.5 ‰, respectively. At the subtropical station, the δ¹⁵N values of nitrate and phytoplankton were 6.8 ‰ and1.0 ± 0.7 ‰, respectively. The differences in δ¹⁵N values between phytoplankton and nitrate were as large as 11.8 ‰ to 14.4 ‰ at the subarctic station and as small as 5.8 ‰ at the subtropical station. Although the ammonium concentration was below the detection limit at the subtropical station, it was 0.4 μM at the subarctic station and the δ¹⁵N value was 4.5 ± 1.9 ‰, much lower than that of nitrate. A model constrained by the nitrogen isotope measurements revealed that, during summer, the phytoplankton at the subarctic station assimilated more than half of their nitrogen from ammonium. At the subtropical station, ammonium assimilation was dominant.

浮游植物氮同位素组成（δ15N）、硝态氮和铵态氮可以反映浮游植物对硝态氮和铵态氮的利用比例。公海中铵的δ15N值由于其浓度低而很少测定。然而，利用δ15N值解释浮游植物氮源需要铵态δ15N值。本文对北太平洋西部亚北极和亚热带对比站2012-2016年夏季浮游植物、硝酸盐和铵态氮的δ15N值进行了测定。我们还建立了一个氮同位素模型来约束浮游植物的氮源，以弥补观测的不足。亚北极站表层水体硝酸盐和浮游植物的δ15N值分别为8.5‰和- 5.9±0.5‰~ - 3.3±0.5‰。副热带站硝酸盐和浮游植物的δ15N值分别为6.8‰和1.0±0.7‰。浮游植物与硝酸盐的δ15N值差异在亚北极站大至11.8‰~ 14.4‰，在亚热带站小至5.8‰。虽然亚热带站的铵态氮浓度低于检测限，但亚北极站的铵态氮浓度为0.4 μM， δ15N值为4.5±1.9‰，远低于硝态氮。一个受氮同位素测量约束的模型显示，在夏季，亚北极站的浮游植物从铵中吸收了一半以上的氮。副热带站以铵同化为主。

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引用次数: 0

Satellite-derived ocean climatology around Santo Antão Island: 20 years of surface and near-surface observations 圣安托<e:1>岛周围的卫星海洋气候学：20年的地表和近地表观测

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103611

Cassandra Santos-Pacheco , Issah N. Suleiman , Erdal Tokat , Ana Martins

Understanding the implications of climate change is especially critical for the Cape Verde Islands, which are acutely vulnerable to climate variability and its associated impacts. This study characterised the temporal variability of surface and near-surface biophysical properties around Santo Antão using 20 years of MODIS-Aqua Level-2 imagery at 1 km resolution for Ocean Colour and Thermal Infrared parameters. The results of this study show that the waters around this island exhibited stable Sea Surface Temperature conditions with a pronounced seasonal cycle and no long-term warming over two decades, contrasting with global trends. Bio-optical parameters (Chlorophyll a, Diffuse Attenuation Coefficient and Particulate Organic Carbon) reflected the oligotrophic nature of the waters, with slight positive trends hinting at increasing concentrations of primary productivity. Consistently high levels of Photosynthetically Available Radiation affirmed light is not a limiting factor, with nutrient dynamics likely playing a dominant role. Particulate Inorganic Carbon displayed distinct variability, with no significant trends, underscoring the need for further research into its unique drivers. Based on ocean surface temperature cycles, the newly proposed seasonal classification successfully captured the dynamics of key parameters and demonstrated the value of satellite-derived data for long-term ecosystem monitoring. These findings enhanced the understanding of Santo Antão’s oceanographic dynamics and highlight the importance of regionally specific studies to complement global assessments. The results also provide a valuable baseline to support future research and inform conservation strategies and sustainable marine resource management in the Cape Verde region.

了解气候变化的影响对佛得角群岛尤其重要，因为佛得角群岛极易受到气候变率及其相关影响的影响。本研究利用20年来MODIS-Aqua Level-2 1公里分辨率的海洋颜色和热红外参数，表征了Santo ant周围地表和近地表生物物理特性的时间变化。本研究结果表明，与全球趋势相比，该岛周围水域表现出稳定的海面温度条件，具有明显的季节性周期，20年来没有长期变暖。生物光学参数（叶绿素a、扩散衰减系数和颗粒有机碳）反映了水体的寡营养性质，有轻微的正趋势，暗示初级生产力浓度增加。持续高水平的光合有效辐射肯定了光不是一个限制因素，营养动态可能起主导作用。颗粒无机碳表现出明显的变异性，没有明显的趋势，强调需要进一步研究其独特的驱动因素。基于海洋表面温度周期，新提出的季节分类方法成功捕获了关键参数的动态变化，并证明了卫星数据对长期生态系统监测的价值。这些发现加强了对圣安托岛海洋学动态的了解，并突出了区域特定研究对补充全球评估的重要性。研究结果还为支持佛得角地区未来的研究和为保护战略和可持续海洋资源管理提供了宝贵的基线。

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引用次数: 0

Increasing dolphin occurrences during Extreme Upwelling Events: Potential nonharmful and sustainable marine wildlife tourism at Mulut Kumbang Strait, Alor Kecil Village, Alor Island, Indonesia 在极端上升流事件中海豚数量的增加：印度尼西亚阿洛岛阿洛克西村穆鲁特昆邦海峡潜在的无害和可持续的海洋野生动物旅游

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103613

Anindya Wirasatriya , Arthur Mattews Basana , Elis Indrayanti , Agus Anugroho Dwi Suryoputro , R. Dwi Susanto , Retno Hartati , Nur Taufiq-SPJ , Jahved Ferianto Maro , Parichat Wetchayont , Mochamad Iqbal Herwata Putra , Achmad Sahri

An Extreme Upwelling Event (EUE), denoted by the sudden drop of sea surface temperature to less than 15 °C in a relatively short period, is a unique and recently reported oceanographic phenomenon. One and possibly the only place with confirmed EUE is the Mulut Kumbang Strait, Alor Kecil Village, Alor Island, Indonesia, since the phenomenon has never been reported in other tropical seas. The EUE occurred from August to November and lasted for 1 to 4 days, with a duration of only about an hour. The dramatic temperature drops during EUE caused small fish to become unconscious and attracted dolphins to come and feed. This is the first study to observe and quantify the dolphin sighting during EUE using closed-circuit television (CCTV). Full month observations were initially conducted in May and September 2022, which represented the months without and with EUE, respectively. In May 2022, the daytime minimum temperature was 24 °C (on May 19, 2022), with a total of 54 dolphin occurrences. In September 2022, the temperature reached 17.34 °C (on September 13, 2022), and the total dolphin occurrences increased to 87. With prior knowledge from 2022 EUEs, we conducted two additional EUE observations in 2023, focused around September: 2–4 September 2023 (period 1) and 30 September – 2 October 2023 (period 2). The temperatures in September and October 2023 were much lower than those in September 2022, with a minimum temperature of ∼ 12 °C. The total dolphin sightings in periods 1 and 2 of 2023 increased to 105 and 90, respectively, and both occurred within one hour during the peak of EUE. The frequent dolphin sightings during EUE have a potential to be developed as sustainable marine wildlife tourism, since people can watch dolphin occurrences only from the seashore along the Alor Kecil Village.

极端上升流事件（EUE）是最近报道的一种独特的海洋现象，其特征是海面温度在相对较短的时间内突然下降到15°C以下。一个可能也是唯一一个确认有EUE的地方是印度尼西亚Alor岛Alor Kecil村的Mulut Kumbang海峡，因为这种现象从未在其他热带海域报道过。EUE发生在8 ~ 11月，持续1 ~ 4 d，持续时间仅为1小时左右。在欧洲经委会期间，气温急剧下降，导致小鱼失去知觉，吸引海豚前来觅食。这是第一个利用闭路电视（CCTV）观察和量化欧洲经委会期间海豚目击的研究。整个月的观测最初是在2022年5月和9月进行的，这两个月分别代表了没有EUE和有EUE的月份。2022年5月，白天最低气温为24°C（5月19日），共有54只海豚出现。2022年9月，气温达到17.34℃（9月13日），海豚总数增加到87只。基于对2022年EUE的先验知识，我们在2023年进行了两次额外的EUE观测，主要集中在9月前后：2023年9月2日至4日（第一期）和2023年9月30日至10月2日（第二期）。2023年9月和10月的气温比2022年9月低得多，最低气温为~ 12℃。2023年第1期和第2期的海豚目击总数分别增加至105宗和90宗，均发生在EUE高峰期的1小时内。由于人们只能在沿Alor Kecil村的海滨观看海豚，因此在欧盟活动期间频繁的海豚目击事件有潜力发展为可持续的海洋野生动物旅游。

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引用次数: 0

Responses of mesozooplankton to extreme positive Indian Ocean Dipole (pIOD) and cold-core eddy in the eastern Equatorial Indian Ocean and southern Bay of Bengal during 2019/2020 winter 2019/2020冬季赤道印度洋东部和孟加拉湾南部中浮游动物对印度洋极正偶极子（pIOD）和冷核涡的响应

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103612

Ping Du , Xiao Ma , Yuanli Zhu , Ruijie Ye , Shenran Zhang , WNC Priyadarshani , P.A.K.N. Dissanayake , Haifeng Zhang , Yibo Liao , Yanbin Tang , Zhibing Jiang , Hongliang Li , Feng Zhou , Lu Shou

The organic carbon produced by photosynthesis can only be stored over centennial time scales when it is transported to the meso- and bathypelagic zones. The increase in chlorophyll-a (Chla) influenced by positive Indian Ocean Dipole (pIOD) events and cold-core eddies, and the higher mesozooplankton biomass and abundance around cold-core eddies have been reported in the mixed layer. However, there is a gap in understanding the response of deep-sea mesozooplankton to pIOD events and eddies. Mesozooplankton communities within 0–3000 m were sampled in the eastern Equatorial Indian Ocean (EIO) and southern Bay of Bengal (BOB) between December 2019 and January 2020, and were used to analyze the responses of communities in epi- (0–100 m), meso- (100–1000 m), and bathypelagic (1000–3000 m) layers to the anomalous Chla in the upper water column caused by the pIOD event and eddies. The results found the higher mesozooplankton biomass in the epipelagic layer existed in the eastern EIO and south-central and south-eastern BOB, coinciding well with the higher surface and subsurface Chla concentration influenced by both the pIOD event and cold-core eddies. Meanwhile, cold-core eddies that lasted longer-time and caused a stronger upwelling process increased biomass and affected composition of mesozooplankton community in the mesopelagic layer. However, the pIOD event had little effect on the biomass and composition of mesopelagic mesozooplankton community. The study did not detect obvious effects of the pIOD event and eddies on the bathypelagic mesozooplankton community. This study highlights the important role of long-time lasting and strong cold-core eddies on carbon export and sequestration in the BOB.

光合作用产生的有机碳只有在被运送到中深海和深海区时才能储存百年。混合层受印度洋正偶极子（pIOD）事件和冷核涡旋影响，叶绿素-a （Chla）增加，冷核涡旋周围浮游动物生物量和丰度较高。然而，对于深海中浮游动物对pIOD事件和漩涡的响应，人们的认识还存在空白。2019年12月至2020年1月，在赤道印度洋东部（EIO）和孟加拉湾南部（BOB）取样0-3000 m内的中浮游动物群落，分析了表层（0-100 m）、中表层（100-1000 m）和深海层（1000-3000 m）群落对pIOD事件和涡旋引起的上层水柱异常Chla的响应。结果发现，EIO东部和BOB中南部和东南部的上层浮游动物生物量较高，这与pIOD事件和冷核涡旋对表层和次表层Chla浓度的影响一致。同时，冷核涡旋持续时间较长，上升流过程较强，增加了中上层浮游动物生物量，影响了中上层浮游动物群落的组成。然而，pIOD事件对中浮游动物群落生物量和组成影响不大。本研究未发现pIOD事件和漩涡对深海浮游动物群落的明显影响。本研究强调了长时间持续和强冷芯涡对BOB碳输出和固存的重要作用。

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引用次数: 0

Sub-Antarctic fjord circulation and associated icefish larval retention in a changing climate 亚南极峡湾环流和气候变化中相关的冰鱼幼虫滞留

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103601

Joanna Zanker , Emma F. Young , Paul Brickle , Ivan Haigh

Climate change is impacting high-latitude fjord circulation with consequences for the transport of marine biota essential for supporting local ecosystems. Currently, little is understood about oceanographic variability in sub-Antarctic island fjords such as Cumberland Bay, the largest fjord on the island of South Georgia in the Southern Ocean. Cumberland Bay is split into two arms, West Bay and East Bay, and is a key spawning site for the ecologically and commercially important mackerel icefish. Through the use of a high-resolution three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, the seasonal cycle in Cumberland Bay is found to be driven by a combination of boundary forcing influencing shelf exchange and deep inflow, atmospheric forcing influencing near surface temperatures and flows and freshwater forcing via subglacial discharge driving upwelling and strong outflow. There is a complex three-dimensional flow structure with a high degree of variability on short timescales due to wind forcing. Using model flow fields to drive an individual-based model parameterised for mackerel icefish larvae spawned in Cumberland Bay, we identify West Bay as a key retention zone. Successful retention of mackerel icefish larvae is found to be sensitive to complex circulation patterns driven by winds, freshwater and fjord-shelf exchanges and to changes in physical processes linked to climate change such as meltwater runoff and föhn wind events. This study highlights the importance of oceanographic variability in influencing ecological processes in fjords in our changing climate.

气候变化正在影响高纬度峡湾环流，影响对支持当地生态系统至关重要的海洋生物群的运输。目前，人们对亚南极岛屿峡湾的海洋学变化知之甚少，比如南大洋南乔治亚岛上最大的峡湾坎伯兰湾。坎伯兰湾分为两部分，西湾和东湾，是生态和商业上重要的鲭鱼的主要产卵地。通过高分辨率三维水动力模型，发现坎伯兰湾的季节循环是由影响陆架交换和深层入流的边界强迫、影响近地表温度和流量的大气强迫以及通过冰下流量驱动上升流和强流出的淡水强迫共同驱动的。由于风的作用，在短时间尺度上具有高度变率的复杂的三维流动结构。利用模型流场驱动基于个体的模型参数化了在坎伯兰湾产卵的鲭鱼冰鱼幼虫，我们确定西湾是一个关键的保留区。人们发现，成功保留鲭鱼冰鱼幼鱼对风、淡水和峡湾-大陆架交换驱动的复杂环流模式以及与气候变化相关的物理过程变化（如融水径流和föhn风事件）非常敏感。这项研究强调了在我们不断变化的气候中，海洋变率在影响峡湾生态过程中的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Climate-induced shifts in swordfish spawning habitat in the Western Mediterranean 气候引起的西地中海剑鱼产卵栖息地的变化

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103610

M.P. Tugores , A.P. Torres , P. Reglero , M. Martín , R. Balbín , J. Tintoré , D. Alvarez-Berastegui

Climate change presents huge challenge for marine ecosystems worldwide, with particularly pronounced effects on the most vulnerable species, life stages and regions. Swordfish (Xiphias gladius), is classified as ‘near threatened’ on the IUCN Red List, and the Mediterranean population is declining. We investigated the effects of environmental variability and climate change on the habitat of the yolk-sac larvae (YSL) of swordfish in the Balearic Islands (Western Mediterranean) through field surveys (2001–2022). We then estimated the suitability of their habitat across the Western Mediterranean, analysing the changes over more than three decades (1990–2022). The swordfish spawning ground in the Balearic Islands was identified near the salinity front (∼37.5) and the surrounding warmer waters. Our models showed that, since the 1990 s the swordfish YSL habitat has increased suitability and expanded within the Western Mediterranean, mainly in response to rising temperatures. However, YSL densities (non-significant) and swordfish population in the Western Mediterranean showed a declining trend. The first occurrence of YSL, and temperatures associated with them, have shifted to earlier in the year, at a rate of 0.57 days year⁻¹, which suggests spawning is starting earlier. We also observed a significant decrease in sea surface chlorophyll-a over the Western Mediterranean since 1998. Therefore, the decline in swordfish population is not subject to a reduction in habitat suitability for YSL due to seawater warming but other factors that are unaccounted for or due to ecological cascading effects, which are either bottom-up (e.g. reduction in sea surface chlorophyll-a) or top-down (e.g. fishing pressure). These findings highlight the need for further investigation on the ecological and anthropogenic pressures affecting the Mediterranean swordfish population.

气候变化给全球海洋生态系统带来巨大挑战，对最脆弱的物种、生命阶段和区域的影响尤为显著。剑鱼（Xiphias gladius），在世界自然保护联盟的红色名录上被列为“近危”，地中海的数量正在下降。通过2001-2022年的野外调查，研究了环境变异和气候变化对西地中海巴利阿里群岛剑鱼黄囊幼虫（YSL）栖息地的影响。然后，我们估计了它们在地中海西部栖息地的适宜性，分析了30多年来（1990-2022年）的变化。在巴利阿里群岛的剑鱼产卵场被确定在盐度锋（~ 37.5）和周围的温暖水域附近。我们的模型显示，自20世纪90年代以来，剑鱼YSL栖息地在地中海西部的适应性和扩张程度有所提高，这主要是为了应对不断上升的温度。西地中海地区梭鲈密度（不显著）和剑鱼种群呈下降趋势。YSL的第一次出现以及与之相关的温度在一年中已经提前了，以每年0.57天的速度，这表明产卵开始得更早。我们还观察到自1998年以来西地中海海面叶绿素-a显著减少。因此，剑鱼种群的减少不是由于海水变暖导致的剑鱼生境适宜性的降低，而是由于其他未被解释的因素或生态级联效应，这些因素可能是自下而上的（如海面叶绿素-a的减少）或自上而下的（如捕捞压力）。这些发现强调了对影响地中海剑鱼种群的生态和人为压力进行进一步调查的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Recent oxygenation of oxygen minimum zone in the Arabian Sea and possible causes 阿拉伯海近期氧最小带的氧合作用及其可能原因

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103600

Jayu Narvekar , Pratima Kesserkar , K.S. Sreejith , Lina Fernandes , S. Prasanna Kumar

Dissolved oxygen (DO) in the ocean is crucial for the survival of marine organisms and a prolonged exposure to sub-optimal levels impacts their life and species distribution. The oxygen minimum zones (OMZs) are the regions in the global ocean where the mid-depth oxygen concentrations are persistently low. These zones occur naturally in areas where high sinking flux of organic carbon co-exists with poor ventilation of waters. The Arabian Sea (AS) houses the second most intense OMZ after the eastern tropical Pacific. Climate change is expected to exacerbate the de-oxygenation within the OMZ, leading to either its intensification or its spatial expansion or both. In a warming ocean, DO concentrations are expected to decrease due to a reduction in the solubility with an increase in temperature and increase in the upper ocean stratification curtailing the ventilation. Contrary to this notion, the recent measurements in a rapidly warming AS during 2019 to 2023 showed an enhancement in the DO concentration within the OMZ and a reduction in its thickness. The average DO concentration increased by 2.5 times and 2 times in 2022 and 2023 respectively from 10.31 µmol/kg in 2019, while the OMZ thickness decreased by 21 % in 2022 and by 35 % in 2023 from 1014 m in 2019. We show that the reasons for this were a combination of (1) advection of waters with increased DO from the source region of water masses that enter the AS at mid-depths and (2) a reduction in the in-situ production of organic carbon within the AS. Our findings contradict prevailing views on climate-driven de-oxygenation, prompting a reassessment of biogeochemical responses and water mass dynamics in the rapidly warming AS.

海洋中的溶解氧（DO）对海洋生物的生存至关重要，长期暴露于次优水平会影响它们的生命和物种分布。氧最小带（OMZs）是全球海洋中深层氧浓度持续较低的区域。这些区域自然出现在有机碳沉降通量高与水体通风不良共存的地区。阿拉伯海（AS）拥有仅次于东热带太平洋的第二强烈的OMZ。预计气候变化将加剧OMZ内的缺氧，导致其加剧或空间扩展，或两者兼而有之。在变暖的海洋中，由于溶解度随着温度的升高而降低，以及上层海洋分层的增加限制了通风，预计DO浓度会降低。与这一观点相反，最近对2019年至2023年快速变暖的AS进行的测量显示，OMZ内DO浓度增加，厚度减少。2022年和2023年的平均DO浓度分别比2019年的10.31µmol/kg增加了2.5倍和2倍，而OMZ厚度比2019年的1014 μ mol/kg减少了21%和35%。我们表明，造成这种情况的原因是：(1)从进入AS中深度的水团源区的水平流增加了DO，以及(2)AS内原位有机碳生产的减少。我们的发现反驳了气候驱动脱氧的主流观点，促使人们重新评估快速变暖的AS的生物地球化学响应和水质量动力学。

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引用次数: 0

Fatty acid contents and its compositions of mesozooplankton community in the Kuroshio Current and neighboring waters 黑潮及邻近海域中浮游动物群落脂肪酸含量及其组成

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103598

Toru Kobari , Nao Kominato , Reo Ishimaru , Masafumi Kodama , Gen Kume , Masaharu Hanai , Asuka Nitta , Naoki Kabeya

The Kuroshio Current and its neighboring waters are nursery grounds for the early life stages of migratory fish, despite poor food availability under oligotrophic conditions. Although recent findings suggest that standing stocks of mesozooplankton are not low and provide good prey availability for fish larvae, no information is available at their prey quality. Here, we investigated the spatial and temporal variations in the fatty acid content of mesozooplankton communities from transect lines across the Kuroshio to evaluate the nutritional quality of mesozooplankton as prey for fish larvae. We identified 5 saturated fatty acids (SFAs), 4 mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), and 13 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the mesozooplankton community. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that fatty acid contents in mesozooplankton dry mass were more variable between the seasons than at the sites, with increasing SFA in summer. Long-chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) content, represented by arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic, and docosahexaenoic acids, was comparable between the Kuroshio and its neighboring waters. These LC-PUFA contents exhibited significant positive correlations with the relative abundance of Eucalanidae copepods and molluscans determined with metabarcoding analysis. These contents were also positively correlated with the fatty acid content of the haptophyte biomarker. Beaked sandfish larvae had higher LC-PUFA contents than those of Anguilliformes leptocephali. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that the fatty acid composition of omnivorous crustaceans, such as decapods and Eucalanidae copepods, was synchronized with that of beaked sandfish larvae. These findings suggest that the LC-PUFA contents of mesozooplankton communities accumulate in omnivorous crustaceans feeding on nano- to micro-sized phytoplankton and are transferred to planktivorous fish larvae.

黑潮及其邻近水域是洄游鱼类生命早期的温床，尽管在营养不良的条件下食物供应不足。虽然最近的研究结果表明，中浮游动物的存量并不低，并为鱼类幼虫提供了良好的猎物，但没有关于它们猎物质量的信息。本研究通过对黑潮样线中浮游动物群落脂肪酸含量的时空变化进行研究，以评价作为鱼类幼虫猎物的浮游动物的营养品质。在中浮游动物群落中鉴定出5种饱和脂肪酸（sfa）、4种单不饱和脂肪酸（MUFAs）和13种多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）。多因素分析表明，四季间浮游动物干质量脂肪酸含量变化较大，夏季SFA增加。以花生四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸为代表的长链PUFA （LC-PUFA）含量在黑潮与邻近水域之间具有可比性。LC-PUFA含量与拟桉科桡足类和软体动物的相对丰度呈显著正相关。这些含量也与生物标志物脂肪酸含量呈正相关。喙沙鱼幼鱼的LC-PUFA含量高于细头鳗鲡。多变量分析表明，杂食性甲壳类动物（如十足类和桡足类）的脂肪酸组成与喙状沙鱼幼虫的脂肪酸组成是同步的。这些结果表明，中浮游动物群落的LC-PUFA含量在杂食性甲壳类动物中积累，并转移到以纳米至微型浮游植物为食的浮游鱼类幼虫中。

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引用次数: 0

First record of deep-sea phoronids from the Sea of Okhotsk with description of Phoronopsis deprofundis sp.nov. and phoronidization of the ocean communities 鄂霍次克海深海栉虫的首次记录及对深海栉虫的描述。以及海洋群落的磷化

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103592

Boris Neklyudov , Zhanna Osipova , Sergey Galkin , Tatiana Belan , Elena Temereva

Active exploration of sea depths became possible in recent years because of increased technical capabilities. It has already led to a number of scientific and economically significant discoveries. In this paper, we have described a first record of deep-sea phoronids found in the Sea of Okhotsk at depths from 786 to 1551 m. The Phoronida is a phylum of invertebrates which includes 15 species of benthic worm-like animals. Most of phoronids have worldwide distribution and are known from different seas of the ocean. In some areas phoronids are extremely abundant and define the composition of benthic communities. Phoronids are mostly shallow water inhabitants: up to date their deepest location of finding was 390 m depth. This report uses light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and 3D reconstructions to describe a first deep-sea phoronid species, Phoronopsis deprofundis sp.nov. This species shares some common traits of morphology and reproductive biology with other species of Phoronopsis genera: feather-like longitudinal muscles and the presence of epidermal collar at the base of the lophophore. P. deprofundis exhibits some features which are mostly common with Phoronopsis albomaculata and Phoronopsis harmeri, however, it has unique combination of morphological features and should be considered as new phoronid species. Based on histological data it was proposed that the reproduction period of deep-sea phoronids occurs at the end of May – beginning of June. The cladistic analysis was carried out on morphological traits for phoronid adults and larvae, the characteristics of development and reproductive biology and the type of preferred substrate. However many white spots in morphological data still exist, especially in larval morphology. The taxonomy of phylum Phoronida should be reinvestigated and new taxa at order or family level should be established. Based on our new data and analysis of the literature, we can conclude that phoronidization of oceanic communities is taking place – phoronids are actively expanding their habitat and also occupy new water area, in which they were not registered before.

近年来，由于技术能力的提高，对深海的积极勘探成为可能。它已经带来了许多科学和经济上的重大发现。在本文中，我们描述了在鄂霍次克海786 ~ 1551米深度发现的深海栉水母的第一个记录。栉虫纲是一门无脊椎动物，包括15种底栖蠕虫类动物。大多数栉水母分布在世界各地，在大洋的不同海域都有发现。在某些地区，栉虫极其丰富，并确定了底栖生物群落的组成。Phoronids大多是浅水居民：到目前为止，它们发现的最深位置是390米深。本报告使用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和三维重建来描述第一个深海栉虫物种——栉虫sp.nov。本种在形态和生殖生物学上与其他种类有一些共同的特征：羽毛状的纵向肌肉和表皮环的存在。P. deprofundis表现出与褐光拟南芥（Phoronopsis albomaculata）和绿光拟南芥（Phoronopsis harmeri）共同的一些特征，但又具有独特的形态特征组合，应视为一种新的拟南芥。根据组织学资料，认为深海鳞鱼的繁殖期在5月底至6月初。对成虫和幼虫的形态特征、发育和生殖生物学特征以及首选基质类型进行了枝系分析。然而，形态学资料中仍存在许多白点，特别是在幼虫形态中。应重新研究该门的分类，并在目或科水平上建立新的分类群。根据我们的新数据和对文献的分析，我们可以得出结论，海洋群落正在发生磷化-磷化生物正在积极扩大其栖息地，并占据以前未登记的新水域。

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引用次数: 0

Layered circulation and dynamics of the Philippine Sea 菲律宾海的层状环流和动力学

IF 3.6 3区地球科学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Progress in Oceanography

Pub Date : 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.pocean.2025.103597

Linlin Liang , Jianping Gan , Hiusuet Kung , Chiwing Rex Hui

Using well-validated ocean circulation model for the Philippine Sea, this study reveals anticyclonic circulation in the upper (<500 m) and middle layers (500–2400 m), and a cyclonic circulation in the deep layer (>2400 m). Layer-integrated vorticity budget diagnostics show that lateral planetary vorticity flux serves as the primary source for the circulation patterns in the surface and deep layers, whereas the lateral and vertical relative vorticity fluxes sustain the circulation in the middle layer, indicating that extrinsic dynamics primarily drive the three-layer circulation. The joint effect of baroclinicity and relief (

JEBAR)

, an intrinsic dynamic response to the deep cyclonic circulation, forms when the bottom flow interacts with the topography of the Philippine Sea. The lateral mass flux divergence in the three sub-basins of the Philippine Sea induces a basin-wide upward motion. Collectively, the interplay between extrinsic forcing and intrinsic flow-topography interaction jointly regulate the layered circulation within the Philippine Sea.

本研究利用经过验证的菲律宾海环流模式，揭示了上层（<500 m）和中层（500 - 2400 m）的反气旋环流，以及深层（>2400 m）的气旋环流。层积分涡度预算诊断结果表明，行星侧向涡度通量是地表和深层环流型的主要来源，而中层环流型主要由横向和垂直相对涡度通量维持，表明外在动力主要驱动三层环流。当底部气流与菲律宾海地形相互作用时，就形成了斜压和起伏联合效应（JEBAR），这是深层气旋环流的内在动力响应。菲律宾海三个子盆地的横向质量通量辐散引起了一个全盆地范围的上升运动。外在强迫和内在流动-地形相互作用共同调节着菲律宾海的层状环流。

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引用次数: 0