The conducted studies analysed the pesticides consumption in the farms in Podkarpackie Voivodeship. These studies included farms diverse in terms of area, cropping structure and direction of production. Documentation material were the data obtained from questionnaire surveys conducted in 40 farms located in the different regions of Podkarpackie Voivodeship. Farms were selected in the purposeful manner in collaboration with Podkarpackie Agricultural Advisory Centre in Boguchwała. Conducted research showed a vast variety in the range of chemical plant protection. At all analysed farms the highest consumption was found for herbicides, much less for fungicides, and the least in the case of insecticides. A strong relationship was found between arable land area and the intensity of plant protection use, as well as obtained yield of crops. Large farms, with an area of over 30 ha, consumed almost 40% more active substance on 1 ha of arable land and obtained about 30% higher yields of crops than the smaller farms.
{"title":"Use of chemical plant protection agents in the farms of Podkarpackie region","authors":"J. Podleśny, Karolina Smytkiewicz","doi":"10.14199/ppp-2020-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/ppp-2020-004","url":null,"abstract":"The conducted studies analysed the pesticides consumption in the farms in Podkarpackie Voivodeship. These studies included farms diverse in terms of area, cropping structure and direction of production. Documentation material were the data obtained from questionnaire surveys conducted in 40 farms located in the different regions of Podkarpackie Voivodeship. Farms were selected in the purposeful manner in collaboration with Podkarpackie Agricultural Advisory Centre in Boguchwała. Conducted research showed a vast variety in the range of chemical plant protection. At all analysed farms the highest consumption was found for herbicides, much less for fungicides, and the least in the case of insecticides. A strong relationship was found between arable land area and the intensity of plant protection use, as well as obtained yield of crops. Large farms, with an area of over 30 ha, consumed almost 40% more active substance on 1 ha of arable land and obtained about 30% higher yields of crops than the smaller farms.","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"60 1","pages":"24-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66712124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the years 2016–2017, the Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute tested 3019 samples of domestic agricultural products collected from production sites all over the country for pesticide residues as part of official control conducted in Poland. The study included 60 products and 499 compounds. Most of the samples tested were vegetables (44.6%) and fruits (33.3%), the others – cereals (13.2%), oilseeds (4.6%) and legumes (1.9%), sugar plants (2.1%) and spices (0.3%). No residues were found in 61.8 % of the samples. Overall, 99 compounds were found in 38.2% of all samples. Pesticide residues were detected in 55.8% of fruit samples, 33.5% of vegetable samples, 14.9% of cereal samples, 6.9% of legume seed samples, 39.3% of rapeseed samples, 25.8% of sugar plant samples, as well in 77.8% of spice samples. Pesticide residues were often found in samples of caraway (77.8%), apples (70.3%), celeriac (68.1%), peaches and sweet cherries (63.2%), dill (61.9%), currants (61.0%), strawberries (60.4%), cucumbers (59.3%), sour cherries (59.2%), carrots (58.0%), grapes (56.4%), apricots (55.6%), parsley roots (53.6%), gooseberries (52.6%) and pears (50.0%). The most frequently found active substances of plant protection products were dithiocarbamates (9.4%), boscalid (6.7%), acetamiprid (5.3%) and chlorpyrifos (4.9%). The residues of unauthorised plant protection products were found in 9.0% of the sample, while the 1.9% of analysed samples were not compliant with the requirements of the maximum residue levels ( MRLs).
{"title":"Pesticide residues in agricultural crops (2016–2017)","authors":"A. Nowacka, Agnieszka Hołodyńska-Kulas","doi":"10.14199/PPP-2020-023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/PPP-2020-023","url":null,"abstract":"In the years 2016–2017, the Institute of Plant Protection – National Research Institute tested 3019 samples of domestic agricultural products collected from production sites all over the country for pesticide residues as part of official control conducted in Poland. The study included 60 products and 499 compounds. Most of the samples tested were vegetables (44.6%) and fruits (33.3%), the others – cereals (13.2%), oilseeds (4.6%) and legumes (1.9%), sugar plants (2.1%) and spices (0.3%). No residues were found in 61.8 % of the samples. Overall, 99 compounds were found in 38.2% of all samples. Pesticide residues were detected in 55.8% of fruit samples, 33.5% of vegetable samples, 14.9% of cereal samples, 6.9% of legume seed samples, 39.3% of rapeseed samples, 25.8% of sugar plant samples, as well in 77.8% of spice samples. Pesticide residues were often found in samples of caraway (77.8%), apples (70.3%), celeriac (68.1%), peaches and sweet cherries (63.2%), dill (61.9%), currants (61.0%), strawberries (60.4%), cucumbers (59.3%), sour cherries (59.2%), carrots (58.0%), grapes (56.4%), apricots (55.6%), parsley roots (53.6%), gooseberries (52.6%) and pears (50.0%). The most frequently found active substances of plant protection products were dithiocarbamates (9.4%), boscalid (6.7%), acetamiprid (5.3%) and chlorpyrifos (4.9%). The residues of unauthorised plant protection products were found in 9.0% of the sample, while the 1.9% of analysed samples were not compliant with the requirements of the maximum residue levels ( MRLs).","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"60 1","pages":"201-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66712278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Zarzecka, M. Gugała, Iwona Mystkowska, A. Sikorska
In the years 2012–2014 field experiment was conducted in the town of Wojnów in the Masovian Voivodeship. The aim of the study was to determine the occurrence of common scab on edible potato tubers depending on the herbicides and herbicides with biostimulators. In the experiment, two factors were examined: the first order factor were potato varieties: Bartek, Gawin, Honorata, while the second order factor was five ways of using herbicides and herbicides with biostimulators: control object – mechanical care, Harrier 295 ZC, Harrier 295 ZC and Kelpak SL, Sencor 70 WG and Sencor 70 WG and Asahi SL. The assessment of tuber infestation with scab was made using a 9-point scale on 100 randomly selected tubers from individual objects of the experiment. Herbicides and herbicides with biostimulators used in potato cultivation significantly reduced the occurrence of common scab on tubers and reduced the average degree of sample infestation and infected tubers.
{"title":"Infestation of potato tubers by a Streptomyces scabies depending on application of herbicides and biostimulants","authors":"K. Zarzecka, M. Gugała, Iwona Mystkowska, A. Sikorska","doi":"10.14199/PPP-2020-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/PPP-2020-027","url":null,"abstract":"In the years 2012–2014 field experiment was conducted in the town of Wojnów in the Masovian Voivodeship. The aim of the study was to determine the occurrence of common scab on edible potato tubers depending on the herbicides and herbicides with biostimulators. In the experiment, two factors were examined: the first order factor were potato varieties: Bartek, Gawin, Honorata, while the second order factor was five ways of using herbicides and herbicides with biostimulators: control object – mechanical care, Harrier 295 ZC, Harrier 295 ZC and Kelpak SL, Sencor 70 WG and Sencor 70 WG and Asahi SL. The assessment of tuber infestation with scab was made using a 9-point scale on 100 randomly selected tubers from individual objects of the experiment. Herbicides and herbicides with biostimulators used in potato cultivation significantly reduced the occurrence of common scab on tubers and reduced the average degree of sample infestation and infected tubers.","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"60 1","pages":"254-260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66712364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chromelosporium fulvum (Link) McGinty, Hennebert & Korf – a new danger for houseplants","authors":"","doi":"10.14199/ppp-2020-039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/ppp-2020-039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66712710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"100 years of scientific research and development of plant protection in Poland","authors":"S. Pruszyński","doi":"10.14199/ppp-2020-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/ppp-2020-007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"60 1","pages":"49-56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66711967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Horoszkiewicz-Janka, M. Korbas, E. Jajor, J. Danielewicz
The implementation of direct subsidies for legumes in recent years is one of the main factors causing growth of the area of, among others, lupine crops in Poland. Occurrence of diseases, including anthracnose, which is dangerous for lupine, reduces the quantity and quality of crops. There are only two active substances (thiophanate methyl and chlorothalonil) registered for spray application to control the symptoms of anthracnose during the vegetation season. In order to check the possibilities of reducing the severity of anthracnose symptoms and the growth of Colletotrichum spp. – the perpetrators of the disease, field and laboratory experiments were carried out. In studies with yellow and narrow-leaved lupine, the possibilities of using fungicides belonging to chemical groups other than previously registered fungicides were determined. Preparations containing such active substances as picoxystrobin and tebuconazole reduced the occurrence of anthracnose symptoms on yellow lupine in a year with very high disease pressure. Under in vitro conditions Colletotrichum spp. growth was limited the most by the active substances such as prochloraz, picoxystrobin and tebuconazole.
{"title":"Possibilities of chemical control of anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) in lupine crop","authors":"J. Horoszkiewicz-Janka, M. Korbas, E. Jajor, J. Danielewicz","doi":"10.14199/PPP-2020-009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/PPP-2020-009","url":null,"abstract":"The implementation of direct subsidies for legumes in recent years is one of the main factors causing growth of the area of, among others, lupine crops in Poland. Occurrence of diseases, including anthracnose, which is dangerous for lupine, reduces the quantity and quality of crops. There are only two active substances (thiophanate methyl and chlorothalonil) registered for spray application to control the symptoms of anthracnose during the vegetation season. In order to check the possibilities of reducing the severity of anthracnose symptoms and the growth of Colletotrichum spp. – the perpetrators of the disease, field and laboratory experiments were carried out. In studies with yellow and narrow-leaved lupine, the possibilities of using fungicides belonging to chemical groups other than previously registered fungicides were determined. Preparations containing such active substances as picoxystrobin and tebuconazole reduced the occurrence of anthracnose symptoms on yellow lupine in a year with very high disease pressure. Under in vitro conditions Colletotrichum spp. growth was limited the most by the active substances such as prochloraz, picoxystrobin and tebuconazole.","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"60 1","pages":"75-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66711994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study consists of an evaluation of the development of two primary grain pests: lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica F.) and grain weevil (Sitophilus granarius L.) on barley grain. The research objective was to evaluate the concurrent development of these two species and to determine if there was a competition between them, and if so which species was winning it. Parameters of the populations of these pests were examined (abundance of the offspring generation, amount of dust and loss of grain mass) in variants where the pest species had identical conditions for development or when one had an advantage (in terms of their number or duration of being settled on the grain). The species developed under constant thermal and humidity conditions maintained in a climate chamber, for 8 weeks. When they develop independently, there was a linear relationship between the growth in the number of offspring and the dust mass and kernel mass loss. When developing together with the other species, the lesser grain borer had better conditions for the development, probably owing to greater availability of dust used by young larvae of R. dominica. The lesser grain borer formed larger progeny populations and had a more dynamic development as a species than the grain weevil did.
{"title":"ompetition or cooperation? – the concurrent development of grain weevil (Sitophilus granarius L.) and lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica F.)on barley grain","authors":"M. Nietupski","doi":"10.14199/ppp-2020-017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/ppp-2020-017","url":null,"abstract":"This study consists of an evaluation of the development of two primary grain pests: lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica F.) and grain weevil (Sitophilus granarius L.) on barley grain. The research objective was to evaluate the concurrent development of these two species and to determine if there was a competition between them, and if so which species was winning it. Parameters of the populations of these pests were examined (abundance of the offspring generation, amount of dust and loss of grain mass) in variants where the pest species had identical conditions for development or when one had an advantage (in terms of their number or duration of being settled on the grain). The species developed under constant thermal and humidity conditions maintained in a climate chamber, for 8 weeks. When they develop independently, there was a linear relationship between the growth in the number of offspring and the dust mass and kernel mass loss. When developing together with the other species, the lesser grain borer had better conditions for the development, probably owing to greater availability of dust used by young larvae of R. dominica. The lesser grain borer formed larger progeny populations and had a more dynamic development as a species than the grain weevil did.","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66712085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was carried out in 2016–2018 on maize field located in Lower Silesia region. Bromoxynil was applied independently and in factory mixture with terbutylazine and each of options was used in a tank mixture with nicosulfuron (Nikosulfuron 040 SC). Bromoxynil and the examined mixtures were applied in a basic dose and a dose reduced by 33% but with an oil adjuvant. Bromoxynil applied in the mixture with terbutylazine and nicosulfuron in basic dose and lowered by 33% (+ adjuvant) controlled weeds to the higher degree than used individually and in the mixture with nicosulfuron only. The highest level of bromoxynil residues in soil samples taken during 8 weeks after application was noted for the object where the bromoxynil was applied with nicosulfuron in the basic dose. In subsequent weeks, level of bromoxynil residues was similar to what was determined for its mixture with nicosulfuron applied in the reduced dose. Bromoxynil decomposed the fastest in soil treated with the mixture (bromoxynil + terbutylazine) + nicosulfuron in dose lowered by 33%.
{"title":"Herbicidal efficiency of bromoxynil used independently and in mixtures under conditions of integrated maize cultivation","authors":"H. Gołębiowska, R. Kieloch","doi":"10.14199/PPP-2020-018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/PPP-2020-018","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out in 2016–2018 on maize field located in Lower Silesia region. Bromoxynil was applied independently and in factory mixture with terbutylazine and each of options was used in a tank mixture with nicosulfuron (Nikosulfuron 040 SC). Bromoxynil and the examined mixtures were applied in a basic dose and a dose reduced by 33% but with an oil adjuvant. Bromoxynil applied in the mixture with terbutylazine and nicosulfuron in basic dose and lowered by 33% (+ adjuvant) controlled weeds to the higher degree than used individually and in the mixture with nicosulfuron only. The highest level of bromoxynil residues in soil samples taken during 8 weeks after application was noted for the object where the bromoxynil was applied with nicosulfuron in the basic dose. In subsequent weeks, level of bromoxynil residues was similar to what was determined for its mixture with nicosulfuron applied in the reduced dose. Bromoxynil decomposed the fastest in soil treated with the mixture (bromoxynil + terbutylazine) + nicosulfuron in dose lowered by 33%.","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"60 1","pages":"157-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66712136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study was to assess the influence of various concentrations (0%; 0.1%; 0.3%; 0.5%; 1%) of acetamiprid (Mospilan 20 SP) and chlorpyrifos (Dursban 450 eC) on the biological activity of entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema feltiae Filipjev – Steinernema-System, Biopartner; Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar – B-green, Biopartner). After a 4-day contact of the nematodes with insecticides, their mortality, infectious ability and fertility was tested. Steinernema feltiae was more sensitive to used doses of plant protection products than H. bacteriophora. Both species were more susceptible to chlorpyrifos than acetamiprid. As the pesticides concentration increased, the mortality of the nematodes increased, whereas their infectious ability and fertility reduced.
{"title":"The influence of acetamiprid and chlorpyrifos on the biological activity entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernematidae, Heterorhabditidae)","authors":"Katarzyna Kruk, M. Dzięgielewska","doi":"10.14199/PPP-2020-020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/PPP-2020-020","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to assess the influence of various concentrations (0%; 0.1%; 0.3%; 0.5%; 1%) of acetamiprid (Mospilan 20 SP) and chlorpyrifos (Dursban 450 eC) on the biological activity of entomopathogenic nematodes (Steinernema feltiae Filipjev – Steinernema-System, Biopartner; Heterorhabditis bacteriophora Poinar – B-green, Biopartner). After a 4-day contact of the nematodes with insecticides, their mortality, infectious ability and fertility was tested. Steinernema feltiae was more sensitive to used doses of plant protection products than H. bacteriophora. Both species were more susceptible to chlorpyrifos than acetamiprid. As the pesticides concentration increased, the mortality of the nematodes increased, whereas their infectious ability and fertility reduced.","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"60 1","pages":"179-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66712202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of the use of plant protection products on vegetable crops in Poland in years 2017−2018","authors":"","doi":"10.14199/ppp-2020-033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14199/ppp-2020-033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20625,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Plant Protection","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66712520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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