Pub Date : 2018-05-24DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1354219
Peng Li, Chenguang Yao, Guisheng Yang
ABSTRACT Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/poly(propylene glycol) (PTT/PPG) copolymers with different PPG molecular weights (400–4,000 g /mol) were successfully synthesized and characterized. Double melting endotherms during isothermal melt crystallization were observed by differential scanning calorimetry. Middle-temperature melting endotherms in all copolymers were stronger than that in PTT homopolymer and became smaller with the increasing PPG molecular weight. Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of all samples were analyzed by Ozawa and Mo models. Polarized optical microscopy micrographs revealed that ring-banded spherulitic morphology was relatively easier to be observed in copolymers with higher PPG molecular weight at lower crystallization temperature, and PPG molecular weight nearly had no influence on the band spacing. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
成功合成了不同PPG分子量(400 ~ 4000 g /mol)的聚对苯二甲酸三甲酯/聚丙二醇(PTT/PPG)共聚物，并对其进行了表征。用差示扫描量热法观察了等温熔体结晶过程中的双熔融吸热现象。各共聚物的中温熔点均大于PTT均聚物，且随着PPG分子量的增加而减小。采用Ozawa和Mo模型分析了所有样品的非等温结晶动力学。偏光显微镜显微图显示，在较低结晶温度下，较高PPG分子量的共聚物更容易形成环带状球晶形态，而PPG分子量对带间距几乎没有影响。图形抽象
{"title":"Melt Crystallization Behavior and Spherulitic Morphology of Poly(Trimethylene Terephthalate)/Poly(Propylene Glycol) Copolymers with Different Poly(Propylene Glycol) Molecular Weights","authors":"Peng Li, Chenguang Yao, Guisheng Yang","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1354219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1354219","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)/poly(propylene glycol) (PTT/PPG) copolymers with different PPG molecular weights (400–4,000 g /mol) were successfully synthesized and characterized. Double melting endotherms during isothermal melt crystallization were observed by differential scanning calorimetry. Middle-temperature melting endotherms in all copolymers were stronger than that in PTT homopolymer and became smaller with the increasing PPG molecular weight. Nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of all samples were analyzed by Ozawa and Mo models. Polarized optical microscopy micrographs revealed that ring-banded spherulitic morphology was relatively easier to be observed in copolymers with higher PPG molecular weight at lower crystallization temperature, and PPG molecular weight nearly had no influence on the band spacing. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"25 1","pages":"775 - 790"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79139069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-24DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1344859
Y. Seki
ABSTRACT This research mainly deals with enhancement of electrical conductivity performance of cotton fabrics using zinc oxide nanoparticles. The application of nano-zinc oxide/myristic acid onto 100% cotton plain fabrics was performed by dipping process. The effect of myristic acid and zinc oxide nanoparticles on cotton fabrics was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Electrical conductivity, UV protection performance, and hydrophilic properties of the cotton fabrics were also investigated. The surface resistivity of the cotton fabric noticeably dropped off by applying nano-zinc oxide/myristic acid. Furthermore, electrical conductivity of the coated cotton fabrics was maintained till 15 weeks. Surface hydrophilicity of cotton fabrics decreased with increasing myristic acid content. The changes in decomposition temperatures and crystallinity can be ignorable after application of myristic acid/nano-zinc oxide. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Conductive Cotton Fabrics Coated with Myristic Acid/Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles","authors":"Y. Seki","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1344859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1344859","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This research mainly deals with enhancement of electrical conductivity performance of cotton fabrics using zinc oxide nanoparticles. The application of nano-zinc oxide/myristic acid onto 100% cotton plain fabrics was performed by dipping process. The effect of myristic acid and zinc oxide nanoparticles on cotton fabrics was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscopy. Electrical conductivity, UV protection performance, and hydrophilic properties of the cotton fabrics were also investigated. The surface resistivity of the cotton fabric noticeably dropped off by applying nano-zinc oxide/myristic acid. Furthermore, electrical conductivity of the coated cotton fabrics was maintained till 15 weeks. Surface hydrophilicity of cotton fabrics decreased with increasing myristic acid content. The changes in decomposition temperatures and crystallinity can be ignorable after application of myristic acid/nano-zinc oxide. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"37 1","pages":"766 - 774"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76595156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-03DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1332207
Edison E. Haro, A. Odeshi, J. Szpunar
ABSTRACT Hybrid composite armors consisting of Kevlar short fibers reinforced high-density polyethylene were prepared and the effects of the addition of micro and nano-fillers on the dynamic impact response and the energy absorption under ballistic impact were investigated. Five groups of specimens were manufactured using compression molding of pellets containing mixtures of high-density polyethylene and the reinforcing materials. The first group consist of high-density polyethylene reinforced with 10 wt% Kevlar pulp (KN-1). The rest are hybrid composites created by the addition of 20 wt% of micro and nano-fillers. The natural micro-fillers used are particles of chonta palm wood (KN-2) and potato flour (KN-3). The synthetic nanofillers are colloidal silica (KN-4) and gamma alumina (KN-5). Microstructure (scanning electronic microscope) and compositional (energy-dispersive spectroscopy) analysis of the hybrid composites were carried out to evaluate matrix-reinforcements-interface. The fabricated composites plates were subjected to high velocity impact using split Hopkinson pressure bar system and ballistic impact, according to NIJ standard–0101.06 for ballistic resistance. Significant stiffness improvements of up to 43.5% were achieved as a result of the addition of synthetic nano-particles to Kevlar fiber reinforced high-density polyethylene. X-ray diffractometer analysis revealed that the crystalline structure of the Kevlar reinforced high-density polyethylene is unaffected by addition of the nano-particles as fillers. However the intensity of the crystalline peaks decreased depending on the type of the added fillers. The results of dynamic impact test using split Hopkinson pressure bar revealed improved impact resistance by addition of synthetic nanofillers (silica and alumina). The results of the ballistic impact test showed the gamma alumina nano-particles (KN-5) exhibited the highest energy absorption capability. The results of these investigations indicate that hybridization Kevlar short fibers reinforced high-density polyethylene by micro and nano-fillers addition enhances the stiffness, impact resistance and ballistic energy absorption capability of the composites. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"The Effects of Micro- and Nano-Fillers’ Additions on the Dynamic Impact Response of Hybrid Composite Armors Made of HDPE Reinforced with Kevlar Short Fibers","authors":"Edison E. Haro, A. Odeshi, J. Szpunar","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1332207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1332207","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Hybrid composite armors consisting of Kevlar short fibers reinforced high-density polyethylene were prepared and the effects of the addition of micro and nano-fillers on the dynamic impact response and the energy absorption under ballistic impact were investigated. Five groups of specimens were manufactured using compression molding of pellets containing mixtures of high-density polyethylene and the reinforcing materials. The first group consist of high-density polyethylene reinforced with 10 wt% Kevlar pulp (KN-1). The rest are hybrid composites created by the addition of 20 wt% of micro and nano-fillers. The natural micro-fillers used are particles of chonta palm wood (KN-2) and potato flour (KN-3). The synthetic nanofillers are colloidal silica (KN-4) and gamma alumina (KN-5). Microstructure (scanning electronic microscope) and compositional (energy-dispersive spectroscopy) analysis of the hybrid composites were carried out to evaluate matrix-reinforcements-interface. The fabricated composites plates were subjected to high velocity impact using split Hopkinson pressure bar system and ballistic impact, according to NIJ standard–0101.06 for ballistic resistance. Significant stiffness improvements of up to 43.5% were achieved as a result of the addition of synthetic nano-particles to Kevlar fiber reinforced high-density polyethylene. X-ray diffractometer analysis revealed that the crystalline structure of the Kevlar reinforced high-density polyethylene is unaffected by addition of the nano-particles as fillers. However the intensity of the crystalline peaks decreased depending on the type of the added fillers. The results of dynamic impact test using split Hopkinson pressure bar revealed improved impact resistance by addition of synthetic nanofillers (silica and alumina). The results of the ballistic impact test showed the gamma alumina nano-particles (KN-5) exhibited the highest energy absorption capability. The results of these investigations indicate that hybridization Kevlar short fibers reinforced high-density polyethylene by micro and nano-fillers addition enhances the stiffness, impact resistance and ballistic energy absorption capability of the composites. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"15 1","pages":"609 - 624"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73823203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-03DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1344853
Zhuangzhi Sun, Wenlong Song, Gang Zhao, Jing Wang
ABSTRACT Chitosan-based electroactive paper has been reported as a smart material, which has merits in terms of lightweight, dry condition, biodegradability, sustainability, large displacement output, and low actuation voltage. However, our recent investigations found its actuation performance is highly sensitive to the membrane thicknesses, both on the electrolyte layer and the electrode layer. Focused on this issue, in this paper, we introduce a biopolymer ionic actuator made by multiwalled carbon nanotube, ionic liquid electrode, and polymer-supported chitosan. As a result, we find that chitosan polymer actuator with the thick electrode layer (0.7 mm) behaves with a larger blocking force (9.66 mN) and a smaller displacement (9.53 mm), and the lifetime under applied voltage of 3 V at 0.25 Hz is 1.75 times surpassed the thin one (0.3 mm). In addition to that, we investigate effects of membrane thicknesses on the electrical properties of chitosan polymer actuator, and figure out the relationship between the tensile strength of the membrane and the volume of the ionic solution in the electrolyte layer. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
壳聚糖基电活性纸是一种智能材料，具有重量轻、干燥、可生物降解、可持续性、输出位移大、驱动电压低等优点。然而，我们最近的研究发现，它的驱动性能对电解质层和电极层的膜厚度高度敏感。针对这一问题，本文介绍了一种由多壁碳纳米管、离子液体电极和聚合物负载壳聚糖制成的生物聚合物离子致动器。结果表明，厚电极层(0.7 mm)的壳聚糖聚合物致动器具有较大的阻挡力(9.66 mN)和较小的位移(9.53 mm)，在3 V 0.25 Hz电压下的寿命是薄电极层(0.3 mm)的1.75倍。除此之外，我们还研究了膜厚度对壳聚糖聚合物致动器电性能的影响，并得出了膜的抗拉强度与电解质层中离子溶液体积的关系。图形抽象
{"title":"Investigation into Effects of Membrane Thickness on Electromechanical Properties of Biopolymer Chitosan-Based Electroactive Paper","authors":"Zhuangzhi Sun, Wenlong Song, Gang Zhao, Jing Wang","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1344853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1344853","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Chitosan-based electroactive paper has been reported as a smart material, which has merits in terms of lightweight, dry condition, biodegradability, sustainability, large displacement output, and low actuation voltage. However, our recent investigations found its actuation performance is highly sensitive to the membrane thicknesses, both on the electrolyte layer and the electrode layer. Focused on this issue, in this paper, we introduce a biopolymer ionic actuator made by multiwalled carbon nanotube, ionic liquid electrode, and polymer-supported chitosan. As a result, we find that chitosan polymer actuator with the thick electrode layer (0.7 mm) behaves with a larger blocking force (9.66 mN) and a smaller displacement (9.53 mm), and the lifetime under applied voltage of 3 V at 0.25 Hz is 1.75 times surpassed the thin one (0.3 mm). In addition to that, we investigate effects of membrane thicknesses on the electrical properties of chitosan polymer actuator, and figure out the relationship between the tensile strength of the membrane and the volume of the ionic solution in the electrolyte layer. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"43 1","pages":"690 - 699"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84254653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-03DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1344854
Song Chen, Jian Li, Yongliang Jin, Jun Xiao, Tushar Khosla, M. Hua, D. Jia, H. Duan
ABSTRACT Polyimide-modified ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composites were fabricated by hot-press molding process. Mesoscopic morphologies of polyimide/UHMWPE blending systems show high compatibility between the phases of polyimide and UHMWPE when the weight ratio of polyimide is no more than 50 wt%. Investigation of the tribological properties with a reciprocating ball-on-flat contact tribometer shows that the polyimide filler has important effects on the friction and wear behavior of UHMWPE composites. Compared to pure UHMWPE, the composite with 50 wt% polyimide improved tribological properties best and exhibited 43.1% reduction in friction coefficient and 66.7% reduction in wear volume loss. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Fabrication of Polyimide-Modified UHMWPE Composites and Enhancement Effect on Tribological Properties","authors":"Song Chen, Jian Li, Yongliang Jin, Jun Xiao, Tushar Khosla, M. Hua, D. Jia, H. Duan","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1344854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1344854","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Polyimide-modified ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composites were fabricated by hot-press molding process. Mesoscopic morphologies of polyimide/UHMWPE blending systems show high compatibility between the phases of polyimide and UHMWPE when the weight ratio of polyimide is no more than 50 wt%. Investigation of the tribological properties with a reciprocating ball-on-flat contact tribometer shows that the polyimide filler has important effects on the friction and wear behavior of UHMWPE composites. Compared to pure UHMWPE, the composite with 50 wt% polyimide improved tribological properties best and exhibited 43.1% reduction in friction coefficient and 66.7% reduction in wear volume loss. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"8 1","pages":"700 - 707"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84491407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-03DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1344850
B. Ranjithkumar, S. M. Safiullah, K. Babu, K. A. Basha
ABSTRACT Functional methacrylate polymer coatings can help retard materials from corrosion. However, the antibacterial-based anticorrosive coating of methacrylate polymer is very limited. In this paper, a functional methacrylate, namely, p-acetamidophenyl methacrylate was copolymerized with N-vinylpyrrolidone and it was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Thermal analyses of copolymers were studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The polymers were tested for their in vitro antibacterial activity by well diffusion method against microbes using ampicillin as a standard. The corrosion behavior of mild steel specimens coated with different ratios of copolymers has been studied by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic methods. It was showed that the copolymer-coated specimens exhibited high protection efficiency than uncoated one. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Synthesis and Characterization of Methacrylate-Based Antibacterial Copolymers for Anticorrosive Application","authors":"B. Ranjithkumar, S. M. Safiullah, K. Babu, K. A. Basha","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1344850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1344850","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Functional methacrylate polymer coatings can help retard materials from corrosion. However, the antibacterial-based anticorrosive coating of methacrylate polymer is very limited. In this paper, a functional methacrylate, namely, p-acetamidophenyl methacrylate was copolymerized with N-vinylpyrrolidone and it was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1H and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Thermal analyses of copolymers were studied by thermogravimetric analysis. The polymers were tested for their in vitro antibacterial activity by well diffusion method against microbes using ampicillin as a standard. The corrosion behavior of mild steel specimens coated with different ratios of copolymers has been studied by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic methods. It was showed that the copolymer-coated specimens exhibited high protection efficiency than uncoated one. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"19 8 1","pages":"657 - 668"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85974352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-03DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1332764
Shyam D Maurya, S. Kurmvanshi, S. Mohanty, S. Nayak
ABSTRACT Polyurethane-acrylate oligomers are a new class of polyurethane which are produced by the reaction of polyols with diisocyanate and capped by acrylate. There is a growing demand for modification with improved properties of the polyurethane-acrylate. This review covers the following topic: structure, modification of polyurethane-acrylate backbone, reactive diluents, curing, mechanical, optical, thermal behavior, and applications presented herein. The basic understanding of the chemistry and mechanistic aspects of these oligomers has reached a level was tailor-made formulations suitable for a particular application may be selected. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"A Review on Acrylate-Terminated Urethane Oligomers and Polymers: Synthesis and Applications","authors":"Shyam D Maurya, S. Kurmvanshi, S. Mohanty, S. Nayak","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1332764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1332764","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Polyurethane-acrylate oligomers are a new class of polyurethane which are produced by the reaction of polyols with diisocyanate and capped by acrylate. There is a growing demand for modification with improved properties of the polyurethane-acrylate. This review covers the following topic: structure, modification of polyurethane-acrylate backbone, reactive diluents, curing, mechanical, optical, thermal behavior, and applications presented herein. The basic understanding of the chemistry and mechanistic aspects of these oligomers has reached a level was tailor-made formulations suitable for a particular application may be selected. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"130 1","pages":"625 - 656"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87941302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-03DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1344852
Pengju Liu, Wenhua Chen, Shibing Bai
ABSTRACT A polypropylene/polyethylene (50/50) blend was prepared at ambient temperature through a solid-phase mechanochemical reactor and is shown to have potential for development as an effective way of recycling mixed plastic waste. The changes of structure and properties of the prepared blend were systematically investigated. It was found that polypropylene and polyethylene phase dimensions significantly reduced and compatibility between phases was enhanced after co-milling. The excellent impact toughness is mainly attributed to the uniform dispersion of the polypropylene and polyethylene phases in the blend and the compatibilization effect of the PP/PE-grafted copolymers produced by the three-dimensional shearing force. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Influence of Solid-state Shear Milling on Structure and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene/Polyethylene Blends","authors":"Pengju Liu, Wenhua Chen, Shibing Bai","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1344852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1344852","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A polypropylene/polyethylene (50/50) blend was prepared at ambient temperature through a solid-phase mechanochemical reactor and is shown to have potential for development as an effective way of recycling mixed plastic waste. The changes of structure and properties of the prepared blend were systematically investigated. It was found that polypropylene and polyethylene phase dimensions significantly reduced and compatibility between phases was enhanced after co-milling. The excellent impact toughness is mainly attributed to the uniform dispersion of the polypropylene and polyethylene phases in the blend and the compatibilization effect of the PP/PE-grafted copolymers produced by the three-dimensional shearing force. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"30 1","pages":"682 - 689"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88220910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-03DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1332206
A. Radzi, S. Sapuan, M. Jawaid, M. R. Mansor
ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to present research findings on the measurements of mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of Roselle fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane composites. The Roselle fiber/thermoplastic polyurethane composites were prepared with fibers of different sizes such as 125 µm and lower, 125–300 and 300–425 µm by internal mixer and hot press at 170°C. The results show that mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, and impact properties) of the composites were improved with the increase in fiber sizes. The highest tensile (10.45 MPa), flexural strength (6.93 MPa), and impact strength (20.22 kJ/m2) was obtained from composites with 300–425 µm fiber size of Roselle fiber/thermoplastic polyurethane composites. Morphological properties of dispersion fiber and tensile fracture surfaces were studied using scanning electron microscope. Thermal properties of the composites were studied using thermogravimetric analyses and results showed that the thermal decomposition effect was almost similar for all compositions. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Mechanical and Thermal Performances of Roselle Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Polyurethane Composites","authors":"A. Radzi, S. Sapuan, M. Jawaid, M. R. Mansor","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1332206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1332206","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The aim of this paper is to present research findings on the measurements of mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of Roselle fiber-reinforced thermoplastic polyurethane composites. The Roselle fiber/thermoplastic polyurethane composites were prepared with fibers of different sizes such as 125 µm and lower, 125–300 and 300–425 µm by internal mixer and hot press at 170°C. The results show that mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, and impact properties) of the composites were improved with the increase in fiber sizes. The highest tensile (10.45 MPa), flexural strength (6.93 MPa), and impact strength (20.22 kJ/m2) was obtained from composites with 300–425 µm fiber size of Roselle fiber/thermoplastic polyurethane composites. Morphological properties of dispersion fiber and tensile fracture surfaces were studied using scanning electron microscope. Thermal properties of the composites were studied using thermogravimetric analyses and results showed that the thermal decomposition effect was almost similar for all compositions. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"66 1","pages":"601 - 608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86781809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-03DOI: 10.1080/03602559.2017.1344851
S. Ramesh, H. Kim, Joo-Hyung Kim
ABSTRACT Cellulose fiber-reinforced composite has received great attention due to the high strength, stiffness, biodegradability, and renewability of the excellent natural biomaterials. Cellulose nanofibers for the development of organic–inorganic hybrid composite is relatively new filed of research. Cellulose macro and nanofibers can be used as reinforcement in the hybrid composite because of improved mechanical, thermal, optical, electrical, morphological, and biological properties. The hybrid nanocomposites were synthesized by an in situ sol–gel process in the presence of coupling agent. The sol–gel process has definitely proven its potential by providing the synthesis of various functional organic–inorganic hybrid nanocomposites through an in situ sol–gel process. The hybrid nanocomposites have been prompted by the ability to control the morphology of final materials. The photoluminescence spectral studies indicate that the emission shifts toward higher wavelength (326–532 nm) accompanied by a reduction in impurity centers with increasing concentration of poly(vinyl alcohol)–TiO2 and hybrid nanocomposite. The final nanostructured TiO2 hybrid nanocomposites with particle size ranging from 0.32 to 20 nm were characterized by Field -emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM) analysis. Furthermore, cellulose–poly(vinyl alcohol)–nano-TiO2 hybrid composite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, UV, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), FE-SEM–EDX, Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and FE-TEM analysis. The different analysis results of the hybrid composite indicate the optical transparency, optical properties, Tg, crystallinity, thermal stability, and controlled morphology of hybrid nanocrystalline composites. Finally, the cellulose–poly(vinyl alcohol)—nano-TiO2 hybrid nanocomposites were tested against pathogens such as Gram-positive Bacteria Bacillus cereus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli for antimicrobial activity. These results show that the hybrid composite exhibited excellent antimicrobial properties against pathogens. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
{"title":"Cellulose–Polyvinyl Alcohol–Nano-TiO2 Hybrid Nanocomposite: Thermal, Optical, and Antimicrobial Properties against Pathogenic Bacteria","authors":"S. Ramesh, H. Kim, Joo-Hyung Kim","doi":"10.1080/03602559.2017.1344851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/03602559.2017.1344851","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cellulose fiber-reinforced composite has received great attention due to the high strength, stiffness, biodegradability, and renewability of the excellent natural biomaterials. Cellulose nanofibers for the development of organic–inorganic hybrid composite is relatively new filed of research. Cellulose macro and nanofibers can be used as reinforcement in the hybrid composite because of improved mechanical, thermal, optical, electrical, morphological, and biological properties. The hybrid nanocomposites were synthesized by an in situ sol–gel process in the presence of coupling agent. The sol–gel process has definitely proven its potential by providing the synthesis of various functional organic–inorganic hybrid nanocomposites through an in situ sol–gel process. The hybrid nanocomposites have been prompted by the ability to control the morphology of final materials. The photoluminescence spectral studies indicate that the emission shifts toward higher wavelength (326–532 nm) accompanied by a reduction in impurity centers with increasing concentration of poly(vinyl alcohol)–TiO2 and hybrid nanocomposite. The final nanostructured TiO2 hybrid nanocomposites with particle size ranging from 0.32 to 20 nm were characterized by Field -emission transmission electron microscopy (FE-TEM) analysis. Furthermore, cellulose–poly(vinyl alcohol)–nano-TiO2 hybrid composite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction, UV, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), FE-SEM–EDX, Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), and FE-TEM analysis. The different analysis results of the hybrid composite indicate the optical transparency, optical properties, Tg, crystallinity, thermal stability, and controlled morphology of hybrid nanocrystalline composites. Finally, the cellulose–poly(vinyl alcohol)—nano-TiO2 hybrid nanocomposites were tested against pathogens such as Gram-positive Bacteria Bacillus cereus and Gram-negative Escherichia coli for antimicrobial activity. These results show that the hybrid composite exhibited excellent antimicrobial properties against pathogens. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT","PeriodicalId":20629,"journal":{"name":"Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering","volume":"21 1","pages":"669 - 681"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75518236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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