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Feeling Your Way with Navibar: A Navigation System using Vibrotactile Feedback for Personal Mobility Vehicle Users 用 Navibar 感知方向:为个人移动车辆用户设计的振动反馈导航系统
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/21695067231194994
Mungyeong Choe, Ajit Gopal, Abdulmajid S. Badahdah, Esha Mahendran, Darrian Burnett, Myounghoon Jeon
Navigating routes using navigation systems while using Personal Mobility Vehicles (PMVs) like bikes or scooters can lead to visual distraction in outdoor environments, creating possibilities for an accident. This article proposes a new navigation system called NaVibar for PMVs that uses vibrotactile feedback on the handlebar to enhance route information delivery and reduce visual distraction. The study aims to answer four research questions about visual distraction, route recognition, mental workload, and usability. The results of the study showed that vibrotactile feedback can be an effective and useful addition to the PMVs navigation system, reducing visual distraction, and enhancing the user experience. Also, vibrotactile feedback did not affect the participants' route recognition, but it positively affected the participants’ lower workload levels. Therefore, our study demonstrates that the addition of vibrotactile feedback could enhance the usability and safety of PMV navigation systems.
在户外环境中使用自行车或滑板车等个人代步车(PMV)时,使用导航系统进行路线导航可能会导致视觉分散,从而引发事故。本文提出了一种名为 "NaVibar "的新型个人代步车导航系统,该系统利用车把上的振动反馈来增强路线信息的传递并减少视觉干扰。该研究旨在回答有关视觉分心、路线识别、心理工作量和可用性的四个研究问题。研究结果表明,振动反馈可以成为 PMV 导航系统有效和有用的补充,减少视觉干扰,增强用户体验。此外,振动反馈并不影响参与者的路线识别能力,但对参与者降低工作负荷水平有积极影响。因此,我们的研究表明,增加振动反馈可以提高 PMV 导航系统的可用性和安全性。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing Art Gallery Visitors' Experiences through Audio Augmented Reality Technology 通过音频增强现实技术提升艺术画廊参观者的体验
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/21695067231192706
Abhraneil Dam, Yeaji Lee, Arsh Siddiqui, Wallace Santos Lages, Myounghoon Jeon
Audio Augmented Reality (AAR) applications are gaining traction, especially for entertainment purposes. To that extent, the current study explored its use and effectiveness in enhancing art gallery visitors’ experiences. Four paintings were selected and sonified using the Jython algorithm to produce computer generated music (Basic AAR); the audio was then further enhanced with traditional music by a musician (Enhanced AAR). Twenty-six participants experienced each painting in Basic, Enhanced, and No AAR condition. Results show that AAR cues had a significant effect on participants’ subjective feedback towards the paintings. Sentiment Analysis shows that participants mentioned significantly more positive words from Enhanced AAR than the others. Enhanced AAR also made participants express a sense of immersion, whereas Basic AAR made them concentrate more on forlorn aspects of the paintings. Findings from this study suggest ways to improve and customize AAR cues for different painting styles, and indicate the need for multi-modal augmentations.
音频增强现实(AAR)应用正日益受到重视,尤其是在娱乐方面。为此,本研究探讨了其在增强艺术画廊参观者体验方面的应用和效果。研究人员选取了四幅画作,并使用 Jython 算法对其进行声学处理,以生成计算机生成的音乐(基本 AAR);然后由一位音乐家用传统音乐对音频进行进一步增强(增强 AAR)。26 名参与者在基本、增强和无 AAR 条件下体验了每幅画。结果显示,AAR 提示对参与者对画作的主观反馈有显著影响。情感分析表明,参与者从增强型 AAR 中提到的正面词语明显多于其他词语。增强型 AAR 还让参与者表达出一种身临其境的感觉,而基本型 AAR 则让他们更专注于画作的惆怅之处。这项研究的结果提出了针对不同绘画风格改进和定制 AAR 提示的方法,并表明了多模式增强的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
Driving Automation and Vulnerable Road Users: Peanut Butter & Jelly or Oil & Water? 自动驾驶与易受伤害的道路使用者:花生酱和果冻还是油和水?
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/21695067231208171
Jose A. Calvo, Jesse Eisert, Laura Sandt, David Kidd, Chris Monk, B. Dadashova, Charlie Klauer
Driving automation and vulnerable road users are two pieces of the enormous puzzle that is roadway safety. Ideally, driving automation will improve the safety of vulnerable road users. However, more research needed to understand the effects driving automation will have on the safety of vulnerable road users. In this panel we will examine the relationship between driving automation and vulnerable road users from several different perspectives. Regulatory and research initiatives will be presented, lessons that can be learned from existing technology will be examined, and questions of equitable solutions will be raised. These interdisciplinary experts are brought together with the audience to discuss the research needs, possible effects of driving automation implementation on vulnerable road users, and to try and determine just how well these two pieces of roadway safety fit together.
自动驾驶和易受伤害的道路使用者是道路安全这个巨大难题中的两块。理想情况下,自动驾驶将改善易受伤害的道路使用者的安全。然而,要了解自动驾驶对易受伤害的道路使用者的安全所产生的影响,还需要更多的研究。在本小组讨论中,我们将从多个不同角度探讨自动驾驶与易受伤害的道路使用者之间的关系。将介绍监管和研究措施,研究从现有技术中可以吸取的经验教训,并提出公平解决方案的问题。这些跨学科专家将与观众一起讨论研究需求、自动驾驶对易受伤害的道路使用者可能产生的影响,并尝试确定道路安全的这两部分如何完美地结合在一起。
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引用次数: 0
Are Eating and Phone Use Equally Distracting? A Simulated Driving Model Comparison 吃东西和使用手机是否同样分散注意力?模拟驾驶模型比较
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/21695067231192243
Xialou Bai, Celia Henderson, Dylan H. Hewitt, Zachary Traylor, Ziyang Xie, Chang Nam
In this study, we sought to compare the mental workload of eating/drinking and phone use while driving. This was done by using Micro Saint Sharp to model a simulated driving task that included stop lights combined with either eating and drinking or a phone call. We hypothesized that the mental workload for phone use and eating/drinking would be the same, as literature suggests that eating while driving can be equally dangerous. Results show that eating and drinking were associated with a lower mental workload than phone use, and both eating and drinking are associated with significantly higher workload than baseline. This research has the potential to inform future legislation regarding driver safety.
在这项研究中,我们试图比较开车时吃东西/喝酒和打电话的脑力劳动负荷。为此,我们使用 Micro Saint Sharp 对模拟驾驶任务进行了建模,其中包括红绿灯、吃喝或打电话。我们假设打电话和吃东西/喝酒的脑力劳动负荷是相同的,因为文献表明开车时吃东西同样危险。结果表明,与使用电话相比,进食和饮酒的脑力劳动负荷较低,而与基线相比,进食和饮酒的脑力劳动负荷明显较高。这项研究有可能为未来有关驾驶安全的立法提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
The Impact of Content Temporality and Modality in Automotive User Interface on Trust and Comfort 汽车用户界面内容的时空性和模式对信任感和舒适度的影响
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/21695067231193654
Nadia Fereydooni, Sidney T. Scott-Sharoni, Bruce N. Walker, John K. Lenneman, Benjamin P. Austin, Takeshi Yoshida
The manner an HMI presents information can affect a user's experience in highly automated vehicles. This online experimental study analyzed how informing participants of future or current events and vehicle behaviors in various modalities affected trust and comfort. We observed that presenting users with information about upcoming road events and vehicle maneuvers lead to greater user trust and comfort, but only when also alerting users about the immediately occurring events. Psychological and human-robot interaction theories provided explanations for why a combination of current and future alerts may result in higher user trust. Understanding how content temporality impacts the individual has design implications that may potentially lead to an increased partnership and optimized interaction between a person and their highly automated vehicle.
人机界面呈现信息的方式会影响用户在高度自动驾驶汽车中的体验。这项在线实验研究分析了以各种方式告知参与者未来或当前事件和车辆行为对信任度和舒适度的影响。我们观察到,向用户提供有关即将发生的道路事件和车辆操纵的信息会提高用户的信任度和舒适度,但只有在同时提醒用户即将发生的事件时才会提高用户的信任度和舒适度。心理学和人机交互理论解释了为什么当前和未来的提醒相结合会提高用户信任度。了解内容的时间性对个人的影响具有设计意义,有可能促进人与高度自动驾驶汽车之间的合作和优化互动。
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引用次数: 0
New Methods to Quantify Functional Strength for Young Children: Laboratory and Task Design Considerations 量化幼儿功能强度的新方法:实验室和任务设计注意事项
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/21695067231205573
Monica L. H. Jones, Sheila M. Ebert, Carl S. Miller, Matthew P. Reed
Strength data for children are needed to improve the safety of products. Currently, minimal information on strength is available for children under age 6 years. This paper describes the development of methods to measure functional, task-relevant strength for children ages 24 to 71 months. Strength measurement methods used for adults and older children must be adapted substantially to obtain meaningful data from this younger cohort. This paper discusses the challenges associated with gathering volitional, maximal force-generation capability for this age cohort with attention to applicability, repeatability, and reproducibility.
为提高产品的安全性,需要儿童的强度数据。目前,有关 6 岁以下儿童力量的信息极少。本文介绍了为 24 到 71 个月大的儿童开发的功能性、任务相关力量测量方法。用于成人和年龄较大儿童的力量测量方法必须进行重大调整,才能从这一年龄较小的群体中获得有意义的数据。本文讨论了为这一年龄组儿童收集自愿的最大发力能力所面临的挑战,并关注了适用性、可重复性和再现性。
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引用次数: 0
Looming sounds as auditory warnings: Uses for enhancing visual contrast sensitivity? 迫在眉睫的声音作为听觉警告:用于提高视觉对比敏感度?
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/21695067231192411
Patrick Seebold, Chang S. Nam, Yingchen He
Looming sounds have been shown to influence visual perception, suggesting they may make effective auditory warning tones for use with visual tasks. To explore the use of looming sounds as warning signals and to determine whether the strength of a looming sound will impact its effectiveness, we tested five looming sounds with different amplitude increases as warning tones in a contrast sensitivity task where participants made judgements concerning the orientation of low-contrast sinusoidal gratings. Reaction time, accuracy, and contrast threshold were measured for each sound condition. Our results indicate that accuracy was higher and reaction time was faster when a sound was present compared to when no sound was present, and contrast threshold was significantly lowered in sound trials compared to silent trials. However, there was no difference in accuracy, reaction time, or contrast threshold by strength of looming. These results suggest that while auditory warning sounds do enhance performance on a basic visual task, the benefit was not unique to looming sounds. This experiment will help inform the design of warnings by providing insight into the underlying effects of looming sounds on visual performance.
有研究表明,若隐若现的声音会影响视觉感知,这表明它们可能是视觉任务中有效的听觉警告音。为了探索将 "嗡嗡声 "作为警告信号的用途,并确定 "嗡嗡声 "的强度是否会影响其效果,我们在对比敏感度任务中测试了五种不同振幅的 "嗡嗡声 "作为警告音,让参与者对低对比度正弦光栅的方向做出判断。我们测量了每种声音条件下的反应时间、准确性和对比度阈值。我们的结果表明,与无声试验相比,有声试验的准确率更高,反应时间更快;与无声试验相比,有声试验的对比阈值显著降低。然而,在准确性、反应时间或对比阈值方面,隐约出现的声音强弱并无差异。这些结果表明,虽然听觉警告声确实能提高基本视觉任务的表现,但这种益处并不是隐约的声音所独有的。本实验有助于深入了解隐隐约约的声音对视觉表现的潜在影响,从而为警告设计提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
Where’s that bike? Sounds and metrics for a smart bicycle bell 自行车在哪里?智能自行车铃的声音和指标
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/21695067231192480
J. Edworthy, Rachael Brown, Connor Wessel
A bicycle bell is an important safety add-on and is used by the vast majority of bicycle users. Traditional bicycle bells make a single sound based on the construction of the bell, ranging from the gentle ring of a bell to the honk of a horn. A new wave of digital bell is now appearing which can make a range of sounds. One of the challenges of a digital bell is the issue as to what sorts of sounds should be made, how they will be responded to, and whether they are perceived as suitable for use in a digital bell. In this paper we present a study on the localizability of a set of digital bicycle bells, and how they are perceived along a range of relevant perceptual and aesthetic dimensions.
自行车铃是一种重要的安全附件,绝大多数自行车使用者都会使用。传统的自行车铃根据铃铛的结构发出单一的声音,从轻柔的铃声到喇叭声不等。现在,新出现的数码车铃可以发出各种声音。数字钟所面临的挑战之一是,应该发出什么样的声音,如何对这些声音作出反应,以及这些声音是否适合在数字钟中使用。在本文中,我们介绍了一项关于一组数字自行车铃的本地化研究,以及如何从一系列相关的感知和美学维度来感知它们。
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引用次数: 0
Scale Worlds: Iterative refinement, evaluation, and theory-usability balance of an immersive virtual learning environment 规模世界:沉浸式虚拟学习环境的迭代改进、评估以及理论与实用性的平衡
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/21695067231192534
Linfeng Wu, Brian Sekelsky, Matthew Peterson, Tyler W. Gampp, Cesar Delgado, Karen B. Chen
Feedback-based iterative refinement is important in the development of any human-computer interface. The present work aims to evaluate and iteratively refine an immersive learning environment called Scale Worlds (SW), delivered via a head-mounted display (HMD). SW is a virtual learning environment encompassing scientific entities of a wide range of sizes that enables students an embodied experience while learning size and scale. Five usability experts performed think aloud while carrying out four interactive tasks in SW and compared three different design options during A/B testing. Improvement features based on the feedback from an earlier SW usability evaluation as well as HMD-specific features were examined. Usability experts completed the post-study system usability questionnaire, the NASA task load index, and a bipolar laddering survey that collected subjective perception of specific SW features. Results show that the progress panel (an improvement feature) was informative while the instructions (another improvement feature) caused clutter. The experts indicated clear usability preferences during A/B testing, which helped resolve three sets of theory-usability conflicts. The overall assessment of SW paved a path for theory-usability balance and provided valuable insights for designing and evaluating usability in immersive virtual learning environments.
基于反馈的迭代改进对于任何人机界面的开发都非常重要。本研究旨在评估和迭代改进一种名为 "尺度世界"(SW)的沉浸式学习环境,该环境通过头戴式显示器(HMD)提供。SW 是一个虚拟学习环境,包含各种尺寸的科学实体,让学生在学习尺寸和比例的同时获得身临其境的体验。五位可用性专家在 SW 中执行四项互动任务时进行了大声思考,并在 A/B 测试中比较了三种不同的设计方案。根据早期 SW 可用性评估的反馈意见,对改进功能以及 HMD 特有功能进行了检查。可用性专家完成了研究后的系统可用性问卷、NASA 任务负荷指数以及收集特定 SW 功能主观感知的双极阶梯调查。结果表明,进度面板(一项改进功能)信息丰富,而说明(另一项改进功能)则显得杂乱无章。专家们在 A/B 测试中明确指出了可用性偏好,这有助于解决三组理论-可用性冲突。对 SW 的总体评估为理论与可用性之间的平衡铺平了道路,并为设计和评估沉浸式虚拟学习环境的可用性提供了宝贵的见解。
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引用次数: 0
Usability testing of Healthcare Devices: A review of the current UX methods used for usability testing of healthcare devices 医疗保健设备的可用性测试:对当前用于医疗设备可用性测试的用户体验方法的回顾
Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1177/21695067231192409
Sahil Sawant, Pratyusha Joshi, Sarvesh Sawant
This literature review examines the state of usability testing in medical device design, focusing on techniques and instruments used for assessing user-centered design. The analysis includes 30 studies from various fields, such as telemedicine, assistive technology, and healthcare devices. The review discusses different UX analysis techniques, their benefits and their drawbacks. Usability testing is critical in healthcare equipment design, utilizing various approaches and metrics. However, the analysis also highlights significant obstacles that need to be addressed, such as the need for more rigorous testing procedures and the application of user-centered design concepts. Overall, the review underscores the importance of usability testing in creating user-friendly, secure, and efficient medical equipment that benefits both patients and medical professionals.
这篇文献综述研究了医疗设备设计中可用性测试的现状,重点是用于评估以用户为中心的设计的技术和工具。分析包括来自远程医疗、辅助技术和医疗设备等不同领域的30项研究。综述讨论了不同的用户体验分析技术、它们的优点和缺点。可用性测试在医疗保健设备设计中至关重要,它利用了各种方法和指标。不过,分析也强调了需要解决的重大障碍,如需要更严格的测试程序和应用以用户为中心的设计理念。总之,该综述强调了可用性测试在创建用户友好、安全和高效的医疗设备方面的重要性,这对患者和医疗专业人员都有好处。
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting
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