V. Baryshev, G. V. Osipenko, A. Novoselov, A. G. Sukhoverskaya, A. Boyko, M. Aleynikov
The work is dedicated to the further development of a compact quantum frequency standard based on a rubidium gas cell with a mixture of buffer gases. The results of frequency measurements and analysis of short-term frequency instability obtained on a laboratory prototype of a microwave rubidium atomic frequency standard (RAFS) with pulsed optical pumping (POP) are presented. The main in magnitude contributions to the overall frequency instability of the RAFS with POP are estimated. Short-term frequency instability expressed in terms of the Allan deviation and measured at averaging times τ up to several tens of seconds, σy (τ) = 2.5×10−13 τ −1/2, coincides satisfactorily with the calculated value of σy (τ) = 2.1×10−13 τ −1/2.
{"title":"Rubidium frequency standard with pulsed optical pumping and frequency instability of 2.5 × 10−13τ − 1/2","authors":"V. Baryshev, G. V. Osipenko, A. Novoselov, A. G. Sukhoverskaya, A. Boyko, M. Aleynikov","doi":"10.1070/qel18057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/qel18057","url":null,"abstract":"The work is dedicated to the further development of a compact quantum frequency standard based on a rubidium gas cell with a mixture of buffer gases. The results of frequency measurements and analysis of short-term frequency instability obtained on a laboratory prototype of a microwave rubidium atomic frequency standard (RAFS) with pulsed optical pumping (POP) are presented. The main in magnitude contributions to the overall frequency instability of the RAFS with POP are estimated. Short-term frequency instability expressed in terms of the Allan deviation and measured at averaging times τ up to several tens of seconds, σy (τ) = 2.5×10−13 τ −1/2, coincides satisfactorily with the calculated value of σy (τ) = 2.1×10−13 τ −1/2.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"363 1","pages":"538 - 543"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82992952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Zelener, S. Bronin, E. V. Vilshanskaya, E. V. Vikhrov, K. Galstyan, N. V. Morozov, S. Saakyan, V. Sautenkov, B. V. Zelener
Using the method of molecular dynamics, the expansion of a two-component, pulsed laser-produced ultracold plasma is directly calculated for various values of the number and density of particles and their electron temperatures. A new method is presented for generating and diagnosing a steady-state ultracold plasma formed under continuous wave laser irradiation. The performed calculations show the difference in the properties of an ultracold plasma obtained by pulsed and continuous wave laser irradiation.
{"title":"Physical processes during ultracold plasma expansion","authors":"B. Zelener, S. Bronin, E. V. Vilshanskaya, E. V. Vikhrov, K. Galstyan, N. V. Morozov, S. Saakyan, V. Sautenkov, B. V. Zelener","doi":"10.1070/qel18067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/qel18067","url":null,"abstract":"Using the method of molecular dynamics, the expansion of a two-component, pulsed laser-produced ultracold plasma is directly calculated for various values of the number and density of particles and their electron temperatures. A new method is presented for generating and diagnosing a steady-state ultracold plasma formed under continuous wave laser irradiation. The performed calculations show the difference in the properties of an ultracold plasma obtained by pulsed and continuous wave laser irradiation.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"56 1","pages":"523 - 527"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79237020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Mishin, D. Provorchenko, D. Tregubov, A. Golovizin, K. Khabarova, V. Sorokin, N. Kolachevsky
This paper presents a detailed analysis of the effect of the optical lattice field on clock transition spectroscopy, as exemplified by thulium atoms. We consider the applicability of the sifting of atoms in an optical lattice by ramping down the power of the laser light that produces it. This method allows the number of filled vibrational sublevels to be reduced down to a single vibrational state, without changing the inner state of the atoms. The effectiveness of the method is illustrated by the example of the spectroscopy of a clock transition in thulium atoms in the resolved sideband regime.
{"title":"Effect of optical lattice field on characteristics of a clock transition in thulium atoms","authors":"D. Mishin, D. Provorchenko, D. Tregubov, A. Golovizin, K. Khabarova, V. Sorokin, N. Kolachevsky","doi":"10.1070/qel18062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/qel18062","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a detailed analysis of the effect of the optical lattice field on clock transition spectroscopy, as exemplified by thulium atoms. We consider the applicability of the sifting of atoms in an optical lattice by ramping down the power of the laser light that produces it. This method allows the number of filled vibrational sublevels to be reduced down to a single vibrational state, without changing the inner state of the atoms. The effectiveness of the method is illustrated by the example of the spectroscopy of a clock transition in thulium atoms in the resolved sideband regime.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"52 1","pages":"505 - 512"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85322082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Taskova, E. Alipieva, N. Stankova, V. Ranev, C. Andreeva, D. Brazhnikov
A pump – probe configuration is used to register zero-field level-crossing resonances in Rb vapour contained in a cell with antirelaxation coated walls. The scheme is applied to detect the weak magnetic field generated by a current-carrying micro-wire (metallised track). Such micro-wires can be employed in neural prostheses and hybrid bionic systems as micro-electrode arrays. More specifically, the operation of such live micro-wire belonging to a neuronal – electrode interface is demonstrated, which indicates the possibility of remote testing of the operation (conducting/nonconducting) of micro-wires for in neural implants.
{"title":"Application of all-optical magnetometry for detection of weak magnetic fields generated by a current-carrying metallised track","authors":"E. Taskova, E. Alipieva, N. Stankova, V. Ranev, C. Andreeva, D. Brazhnikov","doi":"10.1070/qel18070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/qel18070","url":null,"abstract":"A pump – probe configuration is used to register zero-field level-crossing resonances in Rb vapour contained in a cell with antirelaxation coated walls. The scheme is applied to detect the weak magnetic field generated by a current-carrying micro-wire (metallised track). Such micro-wires can be employed in neural prostheses and hybrid bionic systems as micro-electrode arrays. More specifically, the operation of such live micro-wire belonging to a neuronal – electrode interface is demonstrated, which indicates the possibility of remote testing of the operation (conducting/nonconducting) of micro-wires for in neural implants.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"118 1","pages":"544 - 548"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80302659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Sutyrin, A. Gribov, R. Balaev, A.A. Gorokhina, V. G. Pal'chikov, A. Malimon, S. Slyusarev
A frequency chain for converting the frequency of an optical clock based on ultracold 87Sr atoms is updated for its comparison with the frequency of microwave standards from the State Primary Standard of time and frequency units and the national time scale, GET 1-2018. The results of the corresponding experiments are reported and analysed. An instrumental complex for reproducing and keeping the time and frequency units and the national time scale of the primary standard is described; this complex includes an optical clock based on strontium atoms and microwave standards of new generation. The order of the atomic time scale generation with application of optical clocks is also determined.
{"title":"Towards an optical time scale at VNIIFTRI","authors":"D. Sutyrin, A. Gribov, R. Balaev, A.A. Gorokhina, V. G. Pal'chikov, A. Malimon, S. Slyusarev","doi":"10.1070/QEL18058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QEL18058","url":null,"abstract":"A frequency chain for converting the frequency of an optical clock based on ultracold 87Sr atoms is updated for its comparison with the frequency of microwave standards from the State Primary Standard of time and frequency units and the national time scale, GET 1-2018. The results of the corresponding experiments are reported and analysed. An instrumental complex for reproducing and keeping the time and frequency units and the national time scale of the primary standard is described; this complex includes an optical clock based on strontium atoms and microwave standards of new generation. The order of the atomic time scale generation with application of optical clocks is also determined.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"68 1","pages":"498 - 504"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74175664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At the end of December 2021, there was held online the annual, fifteenth in a row, All-Russian Conference on Physics of Ultracold Atoms, in which scientists from other countries took part. Over the past years, this conference has changed dramatically: from a one-day workshop of participants in the integration projects of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, where the results of the year were summed up, into a full-scale All-Russian conference with a wide geographic coverage of participants from Vladivostok to Voronezh. Foreign scientists also took an active part in the work of the conference, but until recently they were Russianspeaking researchers, and so Russian remained the working language of the conference. In 2021, an important step was taken towards its transition to a full-fledged international format. Russian and English became the working languages, and in order to increase the level and significance of the conference, as well as to deepen international cooperation in this field of physics, a number of foreign scientists were invited.
{"title":"Conference on Physics of Ultracold Atoms in Russia – a new step towards deepening international cooperation","authors":"N. Kolachevsky, I. Ryabtsev, A. Taichenachev","doi":"10.1070/qel18072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/qel18072","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 At the end of December 2021, there was held online the annual, fifteenth in a row, All-Russian Conference on Physics of Ultracold Atoms, in which scientists from other countries took part. Over the past years, this conference has changed dramatically: from a one-day workshop of participants in the integration projects of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, where the results of the year were summed\u0000up, into a full-scale All-Russian conference with a wide geographic coverage of participants from Vladivostok to Voronezh. Foreign scientists also took an active part in the work of the conference, but until recently they were Russianspeaking researchers, and so Russian remained the working language of the conference. In 2021, an important step was taken towards its transition to a full-fledged international format.\u0000Russian and English became the working languages, and in order to increase the level and significance of the conference, as well as to deepen international cooperation in this field of physics, a number of foreign scientists were invited.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"13 1","pages":"497 - 497"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81361537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. V. Bogdanovich, V. Dudikov, K. V. Lepchenkov, V. Loiko, Y. Popov, A. G. Ryabtsev, G. I. Ryabtsev, P. Shpak, M. A. Shchemelev
The spatial, temporal, and spectral characteristics of the output radiation of diode-pumped laser systems and optical amplifiers with active elements made of Nd : YAG ceramics are studied. It is shown that the divergence of radiation in the subthreshold regime has the form of concentric nested cones emerging from the active element (AE) faces at angles of 2 – 4 °. A model explaining the experimentally observed phenomenon is proposed based on the mechanism of scattering of the generated beam from the granular structure of the optical ceramics. Analysis of the divergence pattern makes it possible to estimate the grain size and the optical quality of ceramics. The output beam divergence in the lasing regime is determined mainly by the cavity parameters and does not exceed several milliradians. The scattering events in this case serve as sources of additional optical losses. Luminescence enhancement and parasitic oscillations in the AE volume restrict the possibility of using Nd : YAG ceramics for fabricating AEs of high-power optical amplifiers.
{"title":"Specific features of radiation flux formation in diode-pumped lasers and amplifiers with active elements made of Nd : YAG ceramics","authors":"M. V. Bogdanovich, V. Dudikov, K. V. Lepchenkov, V. Loiko, Y. Popov, A. G. Ryabtsev, G. I. Ryabtsev, P. Shpak, M. A. Shchemelev","doi":"10.1070/qel18041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/qel18041","url":null,"abstract":"The spatial, temporal, and spectral characteristics of the output radiation of diode-pumped laser systems and optical amplifiers with active elements made of Nd : YAG ceramics are studied. It is shown that the divergence of radiation in the subthreshold regime has the form of concentric nested cones emerging from the active element (AE) faces at angles of 2 – 4 °. A model explaining the experimentally observed phenomenon is proposed based on the mechanism of scattering of the generated beam from the granular structure of the optical ceramics. Analysis of the divergence pattern makes it possible to estimate the grain size and the optical quality of ceramics. The output beam divergence in the lasing regime is determined mainly by the cavity parameters and does not exceed several milliradians. The scattering events in this case serve as sources of additional optical losses. Luminescence enhancement and parasitic oscillations in the AE volume restrict the possibility of using Nd : YAG ceramics for fabricating AEs of high-power optical amplifiers.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"21 1","pages":"449 - 312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81429714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Yampolskaya, A. G. Yastremskii, Y. Panchenko, A. Puchikin
We report the results of experimental and numerical studies of the KrF electric discharge amplifier operating on a mixture of He – Kr – F2 gases. The possibility of expanding the short-wavelength spectral region of the induced radiation tuning at the B – X transition of the KrF molecule by removing the inverse population from the upper vibrational states of the electronic B level is shown. It is demonstrated that at the boundary of the active medium gain contour, the measured gain at a wavelength of 246.8 nm is 0.053 cm−1. Using the developed 1D model of the KrF electric discharge amplifier, it is shown that when the active medium is excited by a pump pulse with a specific peak power of ∼10 MW cm−3, the gain in this spectral region is due to a longer relaxation time of the population of excimer molecules from the upper vibrational levels compared with the characteristic time of their production.
{"title":"Amplification of laser radiation at the edge of the KrF (B–X) spectral line","authors":"S. Yampolskaya, A. G. Yastremskii, Y. Panchenko, A. Puchikin","doi":"10.1070/qel18039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/qel18039","url":null,"abstract":"We report the results of experimental and numerical studies of the KrF electric discharge amplifier operating on a mixture of He – Kr – F2 gases. The possibility of expanding the short-wavelength spectral region of the induced radiation tuning at the B – X transition of the KrF molecule by removing the inverse population from the upper vibrational states of the electronic B level is shown. It is demonstrated that at the boundary of the active medium gain contour, the measured gain at a wavelength of 246.8 nm is 0.053 cm−1. Using the developed 1D model of the KrF electric discharge amplifier, it is shown that when the active medium is excited by a pump pulse with a specific peak power of ∼10 MW cm−3, the gain in this spectral region is due to a longer relaxation time of the population of excimer molecules from the upper vibrational levels compared with the characteristic time of their production.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"94 1","pages":"437 - 312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90982773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We compare the thermal effect exerted by femtosecond and millisecond pulses during microsurgical procedures on embryos. The linear and nonlinear absorption of laser pulses in an aqueous medium, as well as heat transfer from the focusing region of the laser beam to adjacent regions, are considered.
{"title":"Assessment of the thermal effect of femtosecond and millisecond laser pulses in microsurgery of mammalian embryos","authors":"D. Sitnikov, I. V. Il’ina, A. Pronkin","doi":"10.1070/qel18047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/qel18047","url":null,"abstract":"We compare the thermal effect exerted by femtosecond and millisecond pulses during microsurgical procedures on embryos. The linear and nonlinear absorption of laser pulses in an aqueous medium, as well as heat transfer from the focusing region of the laser beam to adjacent regions, are considered.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"38 1","pages":"482 - 312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87252077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We report the development of a new comparison method used to estimate the electron temperature T e of heavy-element plasmas and high-temperature iron laser-produced plasmas. To this end, two laser-produced plasmas – magnesium plasmas and iron plasmas – were studied at identical laser radiation fluxes on the target. Plasma diagnostics was performed using X-ray spectra of H- and He-like Mg ions. VUV spectra of Fe ions were recorded in the wavelength range 15 – 150 Å As a result, the change in the structure of the VUV spectra of Fe ions as a function of T e in the range of 100 – 400 eV was studied. These data are necessary for diagnosing plasma sources containing the iron element.
{"title":"Spectroscopic VUV diagnostics of high-temperature iron plasmas using the comparison method","authors":"A. Shevelko","doi":"10.1070/QEL18045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QEL18045","url":null,"abstract":"We report the development of a new comparison method used to estimate the electron temperature T e of heavy-element plasmas and high-temperature iron laser-produced plasmas. To this end, two laser-produced plasmas – magnesium plasmas and iron plasmas – were studied at identical laser radiation fluxes on the target. Plasma diagnostics was performed using X-ray spectra of H- and He-like Mg ions. VUV spectra of Fe ions were recorded in the wavelength range 15 – 150 Å As a result, the change in the structure of the VUV spectra of Fe ions as a function of T e in the range of 100 – 400 eV was studied. These data are necessary for diagnosing plasma sources containing the iron element.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"223 1","pages":"469 - 312"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78796669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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