A. Kostyukov, A. Nashivochnikov, V. Snytnikov, M. Rakhmanova, V. Snytnikov
ZrO2 : Eu3+ nanophosphor has been fabricated by vaporisation of a ceramic target of specified composition using a CO2 laser, with subsequent vapour condensation in an argon flow. Nanoparticles with spherical morphology have been synthesised at a pressure of 0.1 atm. The t-ZrO2 phase is found to be dominant (98 %). According to the transmission electron microscopy data, the nanoparticle size is 10 ± 4 nm. The luminescence properties of fabricated nanoparticles have been studied. It is shown that the strong red luminescence of the samples is mainly due to the bands peaking at 591 and 606 nm, which are related, respectively, to the 5D0 → 7F1 and 5D0 → 7F2 transitions of Eu3+ ion in the t-ZrO2 structure. It is shown also that europium is uniformly distributed over the ZrO2 matrix during laser synthesis. A comparative study of the t-ZrO2 : Eu3+ nanophosphor and the initial coarse-grained target has been performed. It is concluded that the proposed method of laser vaporisation is promising for synthesising t-ZrO2-based nanophosphors.
{"title":"Study of t-ZrO2 : Eu3+ nanophosphor obtained by laser vaporisation using a cw CO2 laser","authors":"A. Kostyukov, A. Nashivochnikov, V. Snytnikov, M. Rakhmanova, V. Snytnikov","doi":"10.1070/QEL17982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QEL17982","url":null,"abstract":"ZrO2 : Eu3+ nanophosphor has been fabricated by vaporisation of a ceramic target of specified composition using a CO2 laser, with subsequent vapour condensation in an argon flow. Nanoparticles with spherical morphology have been synthesised at a pressure of 0.1 atm. The t-ZrO2 phase is found to be dominant (98 %). According to the transmission electron microscopy data, the nanoparticle size is 10 ± 4 nm. The luminescence properties of fabricated nanoparticles have been studied. It is shown that the strong red luminescence of the samples is mainly due to the bands peaking at 591 and 606 nm, which are related, respectively, to the 5D0 → 7F1 and 5D0 → 7F2 transitions of Eu3+ ion in the t-ZrO2 structure. It is shown also that europium is uniformly distributed over the ZrO2 matrix during laser synthesis. A comparative study of the t-ZrO2 : Eu3+ nanophosphor and the initial coarse-grained target has been performed. It is concluded that the proposed method of laser vaporisation is promising for synthesising t-ZrO2-based nanophosphors.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"108 3 1","pages":"149 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79417947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Yudin, M. Basalaev, D. Kovalenko, A. Taichenachev, J. Pollock, A. Hansen, W. McGehee, J. Kitching
For coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance excited by a bichromatic field in a closed Λ-system, we have obtained an analytical expression for the line shape in the case of a Gaussian profile of the radiation intensity distribution, taking into account the light shift of the reference transition frequency. Due to the spatial inhomogeneity of the light shift, the line shape is asymmetric. The dependence of the shift of the resonance peak position on the light intenisty is investigated.
{"title":"Line shape of the coherent population trapping resonance in the case of a Gaussian spatial profile of a light beam","authors":"V. Yudin, M. Basalaev, D. Kovalenko, A. Taichenachev, J. Pollock, A. Hansen, W. McGehee, J. Kitching","doi":"10.1070/qel17975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/qel17975","url":null,"abstract":"For coherent population trapping (CPT) resonance excited by a bichromatic field in a closed Λ-system, we have obtained an analytical expression for the line shape in the case of a Gaussian profile of the radiation intensity distribution, taking into account the light shift of the reference transition frequency. Due to the spatial inhomogeneity of the light shift, the line shape is asymmetric. The dependence of the shift of the resonance peak position on the light intenisty is investigated.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"9 1","pages":"105 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86216198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Kolbas, Ya.S. Pyatnitskii, M.I. Rodionov, I. I. Saveliev
We have experimentally studied the output characteristic of a four-frequency Zeeman laser gyroscope (ZLG) on longitudinal modes with orthogonal circular polarisations having an alternating frequency bias and compared it with the output characteristic of a two-frequency ZLG. It is shown that by representing a four-frequency ZLG as a set of two-frequency ZLGs with orthogonal polarisations, the output characteristic of a four-frequency ZLG can be obtained through the arithmetic mean of the output characteristics of the same gyroscope. The experimental output characteristic of a four-frequency ZLG with an alternating bias in the form of a meander with a switching frequency of 1 kHz, as well as its combination with a low-frequency meander with a frequency of 1 Hz, is presented. The efficiency of using slow meander modulation for the linearization of the output characteristic of a four-frequency ZLG is demonstrated.
{"title":"Output characteristic of four-frequency Zeeman laser gyroscope with an alternating frequency bias","authors":"Y. Kolbas, Ya.S. Pyatnitskii, M.I. Rodionov, I. I. Saveliev","doi":"10.1070/QEL17991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QEL17991","url":null,"abstract":"We have experimentally studied the output characteristic of a four-frequency Zeeman laser gyroscope (ZLG) on longitudinal modes with orthogonal circular polarisations having an alternating frequency bias and compared it with the output characteristic of a two-frequency ZLG. It is shown that by representing a four-frequency ZLG as a set of two-frequency ZLGs with orthogonal polarisations, the output characteristic of a four-frequency ZLG can be obtained through the arithmetic mean of the output characteristics of the same gyroscope. The experimental output characteristic of a four-frequency ZLG with an alternating bias in the form of a meander with a switching frequency of 1 kHz, as well as its combination with a low-frequency meander with a frequency of 1 Hz, is presented. The efficiency of using slow meander modulation for the linearization of the output characteristic of a four-frequency ZLG is demonstrated.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"11 1","pages":"202 - 206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90868387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. N. Tel’minov, A. Yacoub, T. A. Solodova, E. Nikonova, T. Kopylova
We report the results of studies of the lasing characteristics of an organic solid-state tunable laser with a polymethylmethacrylate matrix doped with Chromene 3, Pyrromethene 567, and Pyrromethene 597 dyes. The features of lasing when using selective and nonselective cavities are described. Tuning of the laser wavelength with a spectral linewidth of 0.018 nm in the range 550 – 628 nm is obtained on three polymer laser-active media emitting in the yellow and red spectral regions.
{"title":"Solid-state organic laser with a wavelength tuning range of 78 nm","authors":"E. N. Tel’minov, A. Yacoub, T. A. Solodova, E. Nikonova, T. Kopylova","doi":"10.1070/QEL17988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QEL17988","url":null,"abstract":"We report the results of studies of the lasing characteristics of an organic solid-state tunable laser with a polymethylmethacrylate matrix doped with Chromene 3, Pyrromethene 567, and Pyrromethene 597 dyes. The features of lasing when using selective and nonselective cavities are described. Tuning of the laser wavelength with a spectral linewidth of 0.018 nm in the range 550 – 628 nm is obtained on three polymer laser-active media emitting in the yellow and red spectral regions.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"16 1","pages":"182 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82176629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Slipchenko, A. Podoskin, D. Veselov, L. S. Efremov, V. Zolotarev, A. Kazakova, P. Kop’ev, N. Pikhtin
A pulsed source of radiation in the spectral region of 1060 nm with a kilowatt level peak output power is developed based on a vertical stack of microbars of stripe semiconductor lasers with an ultra-wide (800 μm) aperture. The laser stack contains three microbars with three emitters each, which ensures an emitting area of 2.6 × 0.4 mm. The highest radiative efficiency of the stack is 2.48 W A−1. The maximum achieved peak power reached 1400 W under pumping by current pulses with an amplitude of 650 A and a duration of 100 ns and is limited by the current source capacity.
{"title":"Vertical stacks of pulsed (100 ns) mesa-stripe semiconductor lasers with an ultra-wide (800 μm) aperture emitting kilowatt-level peak power at a wavelength of 1060 nm","authors":"S. Slipchenko, A. Podoskin, D. Veselov, L. S. Efremov, V. Zolotarev, A. Kazakova, P. Kop’ev, N. Pikhtin","doi":"10.1070/QEL17985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QEL17985","url":null,"abstract":"A pulsed source of radiation in the spectral region of 1060 nm with a kilowatt level peak output power is developed based on a vertical stack of microbars of stripe semiconductor lasers with an ultra-wide (800 μm) aperture. The laser stack contains three microbars with three emitters each, which ensures an emitting area of 2.6 × 0.4 mm. The highest radiative efficiency of the stack is 2.48 W A−1. The maximum achieved peak power reached 1400 W under pumping by current pulses with an amplitude of 650 A and a duration of 100 ns and is limited by the current source capacity.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"16 1","pages":"171 - 173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79684859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An analytical model is developed for the generation of synchrotron radiation from a laser cluster plasma in the focal waist of an ultra-intense short circularly polarised laser pulse. The rotation of relativistic electrons around the ionised core of the cluster with a radius of rotation smaller than the laser wavelength leads to intense synchrotron radiation in the direction transverse to the laser wave vector. The parameters of the cluster plasma and laser pulse are determined at which, due to the small radius of curvature of the electron trajectory of the cluster shell, the intensity of synchrotron radiation exceeds the intensity of betatron radiation of the electron flux in the longitudinal (along the wave vector) direction.
{"title":"Synchrotron radiation from a cluster plasma in a circularly polarised laser field","authors":"A. Andreev, K. Platonov","doi":"10.1070/QEL17990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QEL17990","url":null,"abstract":"An analytical model is developed for the generation of synchrotron radiation from a laser cluster plasma in the focal waist of an ultra-intense short circularly polarised laser pulse. The rotation of relativistic electrons around the ionised core of the cluster with a radius of rotation smaller than the laser wavelength leads to intense synchrotron radiation in the direction transverse to the laser wave vector. The parameters of the cluster plasma and laser pulse are determined at which, due to the small radius of curvature of the electron trajectory of the cluster shell, the intensity of synchrotron radiation exceeds the intensity of betatron radiation of the electron flux in the longitudinal (along the wave vector) direction.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"52 1","pages":"195 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76259524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A theory is developed for the effect of coherent population trapping (CPT) in ‘hot’ atoms under pulsed pumping in an optically dense medium with a buffer gas. The case is considered when the excited level is not degenerate. Based on an analysis of the shape of Ramsey resonances, we show that with increasing optical density of the medium, the dependence of the light shifts of the CPT resonance becomes more and more nontrivial. The dependence of the light shifts of the CPT resonance on the magnitude of the hyperfine splitting of the excited level, concentration of active atoms, temperature, and duration of the dark pause is constructed.
{"title":"Line shape and light shift of coherent population trapping resonance under Ramsey interrogation in ‘hot’ atoms in an optically dense medium","authors":"G. Voloshin, K. Barantsev, A. Litvinov","doi":"10.1070/QEL17976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QEL17976","url":null,"abstract":"A theory is developed for the effect of coherent population trapping (CPT) in ‘hot’ atoms under pulsed pumping in an optically dense medium with a buffer gas. The case is considered when the excited level is not degenerate. Based on an analysis of the shape of Ramsey resonances, we show that with increasing optical density of the medium, the dependence of the light shifts of the CPT resonance becomes more and more nontrivial. The dependence of the light shifts of the CPT resonance on the magnitude of the hyperfine splitting of the excited level, concentration of active atoms, temperature, and duration of the dark pause is constructed.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"58 1","pages":"108 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79308083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. A. Kirpichnikova, O. Prudnikov, A. Taichenachev, V. Yudin
We report a comparative analysis of the limits of laser cooling of atoms in light fields both on the basis of a numerical solution of the quantum kinetic equation for the atomic density matrix, which makes it possible to accurately take into account quantum recoil effects during the interaction of atoms with field photons, and within the framework of the semiclassical approach using various forms of the Fokker – Plank equation. The analysis allows one to outline the limits of applicability of the semiclassical approach, as well as to choose an unambiguous form for introducing the diffusion contribution to the Fokker – Planck equation in the semiclassical description of atomic kinetics.
{"title":"Itô – Stratonovich dilemma in the problem of laser cooling of atoms: limits of applicability of the semiclassical approximation","authors":"A. A. Kirpichnikova, O. Prudnikov, A. Taichenachev, V. Yudin","doi":"10.1070/QEL17980","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QEL17980","url":null,"abstract":"We report a comparative analysis of the limits of laser cooling of atoms in light fields both on the basis of a numerical solution of the quantum kinetic equation for the atomic density matrix, which makes it possible to accurately take into account quantum recoil effects during the interaction of atoms with field photons, and within the framework of the semiclassical approach using various forms of the Fokker – Plank equation. The analysis allows one to outline the limits of applicability of the semiclassical approach, as well as to choose an unambiguous form for introducing the diffusion contribution to the Fokker – Planck equation in the semiclassical description of atomic kinetics.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"65 1","pages":"130 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74852351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Samarkin, A. Alexandrov, I. Galaktionov, A. Kudryashov, A. Nikitin, A. Rukosuev, V. Toporovsky, Y. Sheldakova
This paper reports a large-aperture adaptive optical system with a bimorph deformable mirror and Shack – Hartmann wavefront sensor for aberration correction and beam focusing improvement in state-of-the-art petawatt Ti : sapphire lasers. We consider methods for providing feedback to the wavefront sensor and obtaining an objective wavefront that optimises beam focusing onto a target. The use of an adaptive system with a controlled 127-channel 320-mm-aperture mirror in a Ti : sapphire laser with an output power of 4.2 PW has made it possible to obtain a record high laser beam intensity: 1.1 × 1023 W cm−2.
本文报道了一种采用双晶形变形反射镜和Shack - Hartmann波前传感器的大口径自适应光学系统，用于最先进的千瓦钛蓝宝石激光器的像差校正和光束聚焦改善。我们考虑了向波前传感器提供反馈并获得优化光束聚焦到目标的目标波前的方法。在输出功率为4.2 PW的Ti:蓝宝石激光器中，使用带有可控127通道320 mm口径反射镜的自适应系统，可以获得创纪录的高激光束强度:1.1 × 1023 W cm−2。
{"title":"Large-aperture adaptive optical system for correcting wavefront distortions of a petawatt Ti : sapphire laser beam","authors":"V. Samarkin, A. Alexandrov, I. Galaktionov, A. Kudryashov, A. Nikitin, A. Rukosuev, V. Toporovsky, Y. Sheldakova","doi":"10.1070/QEL17989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QEL17989","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports a large-aperture adaptive optical system with a bimorph deformable mirror and Shack – Hartmann wavefront sensor for aberration correction and beam focusing improvement in state-of-the-art petawatt Ti : sapphire lasers. We consider methods for providing feedback to the wavefront sensor and obtaining an objective wavefront that optimises beam focusing onto a target. The use of an adaptive system with a controlled 127-channel 320-mm-aperture mirror in a Ti : sapphire laser with an output power of 4.2 PW has made it possible to obtain a record high laser beam intensity: 1.1 × 1023 W cm−2.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"21 1","pages":"187 - 194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76499673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Magnetic encephalography is currently the most informative method of functional study of the brain, since, unlike other methods, it allows one to localise deep sources of biosignals and perform three-dimensional mapping of neuronal activity. The main factors hindering the development and spread of this method are the complexity and high cost of diagnostic tools, as well as the rigidity of the requirements they impose on the spatial and temporal uniformity of the magnetic field. The prospects for desinging a device capable of largely overcoming these limitations are considered. A review of studies aimed at developing an optical sensor applicable to magnetic encephalography is presented. The all-optical single-beam nonzero-field sensor proposed by the authors earlier is separately considered.
{"title":"Quantum optical magnetic field sensor for neurodiagnostic systems of a new generation","authors":"M. V. Petrenko, A. Pazgalev, A. Vershovskii","doi":"10.1070/QEL17978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1070/QEL17978","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic encephalography is currently the most informative method of functional study of the brain, since, unlike other methods, it allows one to localise deep sources of biosignals and perform three-dimensional mapping of neuronal activity. The main factors hindering the development and spread of this method are the complexity and high cost of diagnostic tools, as well as the rigidity of the requirements they impose on the spatial and temporal uniformity of the magnetic field. The prospects for desinging a device capable of largely overcoming these limitations are considered. A review of studies aimed at developing an optical sensor applicable to magnetic encephalography is presented. The all-optical single-beam nonzero-field sensor proposed by the authors earlier is separately considered.","PeriodicalId":20775,"journal":{"name":"Quantum Electronics","volume":"9 1","pages":"119 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90639140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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