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Influence of the measurement configuration on the results of Raman microspectroscopy of human hair 测量结构对头发拉曼光谱结果的影响
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1070/qel17973
N. N. Brandt, E. Travkina, E. Mikhal'chik, A. Chikishev
Increasing interest in spectroscopic studies of human hair raises the question about the accuracy of measurement of their spectra and requires optimisation of experimental facilities. An original method of obtaining transverse hair sections without using a microtome and chemical influence is proposed. The results obtained by confocal Raman microspectroscopy of human hair differently oriented with respect to the optical axis of the measuring setup are compared. It is shown that, in addition to expected changes in the spectra measured at different distances from the hair periphery in the direction to its centre, the spectra measured in the case of hair excitation perpendicular and parallel to its axis are also considerably different.
对人类头发光谱研究的兴趣日益增加,提出了测量其光谱准确性的问题,并要求优化实验设施。提出了一种原始的方法,获得横向头发切片,而不使用切片机和化学影响。对不同取向的人发共聚焦拉曼显微光谱测量结果进行了比较。结果表明,在从毛发外围到毛发中心的不同距离处测量的光谱除了预期的变化外,在垂直和平行于毛发轴的情况下测量的光谱也有很大的不同。
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引用次数: 0
In vitro study of cataract extraction by bursts of microsecond 1.54-μm laser pulses 1.54 μm微秒激光脉冲体外白内障摘除实验研究
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1070/QEL17959
A. V. Belikov, S. Smirnov, Yuriy Batov, A. B. Gubin, Yu. B. Pirozhkov, E. Boiko, M. Nemsitsveridze
Laser extraction of a model porcine eye cataract has been performed for the first time in an in vitro experiment using a 1.54-μm Yb, Er : glass laser generating bursts of microsecond pulses. We used effective pulse repetition rates from 36 to 75 Hz and average laser output powers from 3.9 to 5.25 W. The results demonstrate for the first time that, at an effective pulse repetition rate of 45 Hz, burst repetition rate of 15 Hz, three microsecond pulses per burst, and a burst energy from 260 to 265 mJ, the laser step duration in cataract extraction is 130 ± 10 s, which is comparable to the ultrasonic phacoemulsification and laser extraction time in the case of a Nd : YAG laser emitting at 1.44 μm. Acoustometry and high speed video recording of hydroacoustic processes accompanying interaction of water with 1.54-μm radiation from the Yb, Er : glass laser generating bursts of microsecond pulses have made it possible for the first time to detect overlap of hydroacoustic processes at the pulse spacing in bursts reduced to under 700 μs. In the case of overlap of hydroacoustic processes, despite the increase in average power and effective pulse repetition rate, acoustic wave generation is ineffective because pulses propagate through bubbles formed in the water. Laser cataract extraction is shown to be most effective at a lower average power, lower effective pulse repetition rate, and burst pulse spacing of 850 ± 10 μs.
利用1.54 μm Yb, Er:玻璃激光器产生微秒脉冲,首次实现了猪眼白内障模型的体外激光摘除。我们使用的有效脉冲重复率为36至75 Hz,平均激光输出功率为3.9至5.25 W。研究结果首次表明,在有效脉冲重复频率为45 Hz、脉冲重复频率为15 Hz、脉冲频率为3微秒、脉冲能量为260 ~ 265 mJ的条件下,白内障摘除的激光步长为130±10 s,与发射波长为1.44 μm的Nd: YAG激光超声超声乳化和激光摘除时间相当。利用Yb, Er:玻璃激光器产生的微秒脉冲爆发,对水与1.54 μm辐射相互作用的水声过程进行声学和高速视频记录,首次实现了在脉冲间隔减小到700 μs以下的脉冲爆发中探测水声过程重叠。在水声过程重叠的情况下,尽管平均功率和有效脉冲重复率增加,但由于脉冲通过水中形成的气泡传播,声波产生是无效的。在较低的平均功率、较低的有效脉冲重复率和850±10 μs的脉冲间隔下,激光白内障摘除效果最好。
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引用次数: 1
Estimation of a minimum laser power with wavelengths of 1.47, 1.56, and 1.68 μm for efficient obliteration of varicose veins 估计波长为1.47、1.56和1.68 μm的最小激光功率,有效地消除静脉曲张
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1070/qel17968
N. Ignat'eva, O. Zakharkina, A. Sviridov, K. V. Mazaishvili, A. Shekhter
Experiments modelling endovenous laser obliteration (EVLO) are performed. As a result, laser radiation powers P c at which collagen denaturation, tissue necrosis, and vasa vasorum destruction occur throughout the entire venous-wall thickness and, at the same time, the surrounding tissues are not subjected to unnecessary heating, are found. The main criterion for determining P c is the achievement of 100 % denaturation of venous-wall proteins, confirmed by morphological and calorimetric analysis. The P c values for laser wavelengths of 1.47, 1.56, and 1.68 μm are found to be 6.0 ± 0.2, 5.0 ± 0.2, and 6.0 ± 0.2 W, respectively. It is established for all wavelengths in use that the temperature of the external venous-wall surface reaches 91 ± 2 °C at the corresponding power P c. We relate the dependence of P c on the radiation wavelength to the formation of a coagulum on the optical fibre tip moving through a blood-filled vessel. The achievement of temperature necessary for coagulum formation is determined by the simultaneously occurring processes of energy absorption and its dissipation in the form of heat. These processes become more intense with an increase in the absorption coefficient of the medium. A mechanism is proposed to explain the relationship between the P c value and laser wavelength, based on the influence of the absorption coefficient of medium (blood) on the temperature near the fibre tip.
进行了静脉内激光闭塞术(EVLO)的模拟实验。结果发现,激光辐射能使整个静脉壁发生胶原变性、组织坏死和血管破坏,同时周围组织不会受到不必要的加热。测定P - c的主要标准是静脉壁蛋白的变性达到100%,并经形态学和量热分析证实。激光波长为1.47、1.56和1.68 μm时,P - c值分别为6.0±0.2、5.0±0.2和6.0±0.2 W。在使用的所有波长下,在相应的功率P C下,外静脉壁表面的温度达到91±2°C。我们将P C对辐射波长的依赖关系与光纤尖端在充满血液的血管中形成凝固联系起来。凝固形成所需温度的达到是由同时发生的能量吸收和能量以热的形式消散的过程决定的。随着介质吸收系数的增加,这些过程变得更加强烈。基于介质(血液)的吸收系数对光纤尖端附近温度的影响,提出了一种解释P - c值与激光波长之间关系的机制。
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引用次数: 0
Terahertz microscope with oblique subwavelength illumination: design principle 倾斜亚波长照明的太赫兹显微镜:设计原理
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1070/qel17958
O. Minin, I. Minin
It is shown that the image contrast in the air when using a microscope based on dielectric microparticles with a size of the order of wavelength can be significantly enhanced with the help microparticles that provide the formation of the radiation localisation region at an angle to the direction of radiation incidence (at an angle to the optical axis). For this purpose, a screen is placed in front of the particle, which blocks part of the incident beam, forming a photonic hook or a photonic jet (terajet) with oblique illumination in the near field.
结果表明,在以波长数量级的介电微粒子为基础的显微镜下,提供与辐射入射方向成一定角度(与光轴成一定角度)的辐射定位区形成的微粒子可以显著增强空气中的图像对比度。为此,在粒子前面放置一个屏幕,阻挡部分入射光束,形成近场斜照射的光子挂钩或光子射流(terajet)。
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引用次数: 4
Testing the adequacy of a simple theoretical model of dehydration optical clearing of collagen bundles: OCT measurements 检验胶原束脱水光学清除的简单理论模型的充分性:OCT测量
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1070/QEL17965
O. A. Zyuryukina, M. E. Shvachkina, V. Kochubey, Y. Sinichkin, D. Yakovlev
Using optical coherence tomography, the scattering coefficients of collagen bundles are estimated at different levels of tissue hydration. We test the validity of a simple theoretical model of dehydration changes in the optical characteristics of a collagen bundle, which is considered as a system of parallel cylinders that model the collagen fibrils forming the bundle. The characteristics of scattering by individual scatterers are calculated using the Mie theory. To take into account the cooperative effects caused by the close packing of the scatterers, use is made of the standard packing function for a system of identical cylinders. The theoretical model also relies on a certain empirical law of changes in the hydration level of fibrils with a change in the water content in the tissue, which predetermines changes in the diameter and refractive index of fibrils during dehydration and rehydration of the tissue. It is shown that the theoretical estimates obtained using this model are in good agreement with the experimental data, which makes it possible to consider this model as reliable.
利用光学相干断层扫描,胶原束的散射系数估计在不同水平的组织水化。我们测试了一个简单的理论模型的有效性脱水变化的光学特性的胶原蛋白束,这被认为是一个平行的圆柱体系统,模拟胶原蛋白原纤维形成束。利用米氏理论计算了单个散射体的散射特性。为了考虑分散体紧密堆积所引起的协同效应,对相同圆柱体系统使用标准堆积函数。该理论模型还依赖于原纤维水化水平随组织含水量变化的一定经验规律,该规律预先决定了组织脱水和再水化过程中原纤维直径和折射率的变化。结果表明,利用该模型得到的理论估计与实验数据吻合较好,可以认为该模型是可靠的。
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引用次数: 0
Age-related changes in the viscoelasticity of rabbit lens characterised by surface wave dispersion analysis 表面波色散分析表征兔晶状体粘弹性随年龄的变化
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1070/qel17964
H. Zhang, M. Singh, Fernando Zvietcovich, K. Larin, S. Aglyamov
The viscoelastic properties of the young and mature rabbit lenses in situ are evaluated using wave-based optical coherence elastography (OCE). Surface waves in the crystalline lens are generated using acoustic radiation force (ARF) focused inside the eyeball. Surface-wave dispersion is measured with a phase-stabilised optical coherence tomography (OCT) system. The Young's modulus and shear viscosity coefficient are quantified based on a Scholte wave model. The results show that both elasticity and viscosity are significantly different between the young and mature lenses. The Young's modulus of the lenses increased with age from 7.74 ± 1.56 kPa (young) to 15.15 ± 4.52 kPa (mature), and the shear viscosity coefficient increased from 0.55 ± 0.04 Pa s (young) and 0.86 ± 0.13 Pa s (mature). It is shown that the combination of ARF excitation, OCE imaging, and dispersion analysis enables nondestructive quantification of lenticular viscoelasticity in situ and shows promise for in vivo applications.
利用基于波的光学相干弹性成像(OCE)对原位幼兔和成熟兔晶状体的粘弹性特性进行了评价。晶状体中的表面波是利用聚焦在眼球内部的声辐射力(ARF)产生的。用相位稳定光学相干层析成像(OCT)系统测量了表面波色散。杨氏模量和剪切粘滞系数是基于一个Scholte波模型的量化。结果表明,新生晶状体和成熟晶状体的弹性和黏度均有显著差异。晶状体的杨氏模量从7.74±1.56 kPa(年轻)增加到15.15±4.52 kPa(成熟),剪切黏度系数从0.55±0.04 Pa s(年轻)增加到0.86±0.13 Pa s(成熟)。研究表明,结合ARF激发、OCE成像和色散分析,可以对透镜体的原位粘弹性进行无损量化,并有望在体内应用。
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引用次数: 3
Study of adsorption of the SARS-CoV-2 virus spike protein by vibrational spectroscopy using terahertz metamaterials 太赫兹超材料振动光谱吸附SARS-CoV-2病毒刺突蛋白的研究
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1070/qel17960
M. Konnikova, O. Cherkasova, T.A. Geints, E. Dizer, A. A. Man'kova, I. S. Vasilievskii, A. Butylin, Y. Kistenev, V. Tuchin, A. Shkurinov
Adhesion of the spike protein of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is studied by vibrational spectroscopy using terahertz metamaterials. The features of metastructure absorption upon the deposition of histidine, albumin, and the receptor-binding domain of the spike protein films are investigated. An original technique for quantitative assessment of the efficiency of virus adhesion on the metamaterial surfaces are proposed and experimentally tested.
利用太赫兹超材料的振动光谱研究了SARS-CoV-2病毒刺突蛋白的粘附性。研究了组氨酸、白蛋白沉积时超微结构的吸收特征,以及刺突蛋白膜的受体结合域。提出了一种定量评价病毒在超材料表面粘附效率的新方法,并进行了实验测试。
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引用次数: 0
Novel approaches in 3D live cell microscopy 三维活细胞显微镜的新方法
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1070/qel17961
V. Richter, M. Rank, A. Heinrich, H. Schneckenburger
Microscopy methods for 3D live cell imaging, including various techniques, challenges and restrictions, are described. Novel devices for application of these methods in combination with 3D printed optics are presented and discussed.
描述了3D活细胞成像的显微镜方法,包括各种技术、挑战和限制。提出并讨论了将这些方法与3D打印光学相结合的新型器件。
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引用次数: 1
Inactivation of coronaviruses under irradiation by UVA-range light-emitting diodes uva范围发光二极管照射下冠状病毒的灭活
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1070/qel17969
I. Zavestovskaya, V. Gushchin, L. I. Russu, E. Cheshev, A. Koromyslov, I. Tupitsyn, A. A. Fronya, M. S. Grigor'eva
We report the results of the development of an experimental stand based on UVA light-emitting diodes (UVA LEDs) with radiation wavelengths of 385 and 395 nm for studying experimentally the inactivation of viruses of the coronavirus family, including SARS-CoV-2. Methodological grounds are presented for determining the inactivation dose that provides a predetermined decrease in the virus titre under the impact of UVA radiation. The effect of the diode radiation divergence on the virus photoinactivation process is investigated. It is shown that UVA LEDs can be used to reduce the virus titre by 4 orders of magnitude.
本文报道了基于辐射波长为385和395nm的UVA发光二极管(UVA LEDs)的实验台的开发结果,用于对冠状病毒家族病毒(包括SARS-CoV-2)的灭活实验研究。提出了确定在UVA辐射影响下使病毒滴度预先降低的灭活剂量的方法学依据。研究了二极管辐射发散对病毒光灭活过程的影响。结果表明,UVA led可将病毒滴度降低4个数量级。
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引用次数: 0
Theranostics of skin neoplasms based on luminescence diagnostics in combination with photodynamic therapy in the absorption band of porphyrin 基于荧光诊断结合卟啉吸收带光动力治疗的皮肤肿瘤治疗
IF 0.9 4区 工程技术 Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1070/QEL17966
I. Shilov, A. S. Gorshkova, A. Ivanov, V. Rumyantseva, G. Danielyan, V. Kashin
We report the results of developing a technique for theranostics of skin neoplasms based on luminescence diagnostics in combination with photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the absorption band of porphyrin. It is shown that the therapeutic effect is achieved exclusively due to PDT, without the participation of the hyperthermia process, which occurs at temperatures above 42°C. The Fluroscan gel [based on the dipotassium salt of the ytterbium complex of 2,4-di-(α-methoxyethyl)deuteroporphyrin IX (Yb-DMDP)] is used as a preparation for theranostics. The main photophysical properties and possible mechanisms of accumulation of nanosized low-toxic photosensitisers based on this compound are studied. It is shown that the Yb-DMDP compound in a DMSO solution (30 % aqueous DMSO) enhances photophysical characteristics (luminescence lifetime 5 – 10 μs, luminescence quantum yield up to 1 %, extinction coefficient ∼1.96 × 105 M−1 cm−1 at a wavelength of 398 nm). Experimental animals are used to test the proposed technique for theranostics of tumours using the Fluroscan gel and a fibre-optic laser fluorimeter.
我们报告了一种基于荧光诊断结合卟啉吸收带光动力治疗(PDT)的皮肤肿瘤治疗技术的研究结果。研究表明,治疗效果完全是由于PDT而实现的,而不需要热疗过程的参与,热疗过程发生在42℃以上的温度下。Fluroscan凝胶[基于2,4-二-(α-甲氧基乙基)重卟啉IX (Yb-DMDP)的镱络合物的二钾盐]被用作治疗制剂。研究了该化合物制备纳米级低毒光敏剂的主要光物理性质和可能的蓄积机理。结果表明,Yb-DMDP化合物在DMSO溶液(30% DMSO水溶液)中增强了光物理特性(发光寿命5 ~ 10 μs,发光量子产率高达1%,消光系数~ 1.96 × 105 M−1 cm−1,波长为398 nm)。实验动物被用来测试使用Fluroscan凝胶和光纤激光荧光计的肿瘤治疗技术。
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引用次数: 0
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Quantum Electronics
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