Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.2174/0124055204319671240515060552
Anil Kumar Vinayak, Hridya Ashokan, Sanyukta Sinha, Yogita Halkara, Anand V P Gurumoorthy
Growing awareness of environmental concerns and the prioritisation of environmental stewardship necessitates the incorporation of sustainability practices that are both economical and profitable. This involves transforming existing industrial practices from the ‘take-make-waste’ approach to one that aligns with the principles of a circular economy. This includes the use and restoration of bioreserves or the cycling of products in a manner that minimizes waste generation by employing the concepts of reuse and recycling. The adoption of circular economy principles is especially critical in energy-intensive industries, and there is increased attention to implementing these principles through biomass gasification. Various methodologies exist for utilizing the potential of biomass by employing biomass gasification to achieve the desired levels of energy output. Techniques incorporating circular economy principles for biomass gasification have become increasingly sought after and achieved widespread implementation in the past few decades. In this paper, we examine the principle of a circular economy and how biomass gasification can be leveraged in processes requiring high-energy input to achieve the same.
{"title":"Role of Biomass Gasification in Achieving Circular Economy","authors":"Anil Kumar Vinayak, Hridya Ashokan, Sanyukta Sinha, Yogita Halkara, Anand V P Gurumoorthy","doi":"10.2174/0124055204319671240515060552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124055204319671240515060552","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Growing awareness of environmental concerns and the prioritisation of environmental\u0000stewardship necessitates the incorporation of sustainability practices that are\u0000both economical and profitable. This involves transforming existing industrial practices\u0000from the ‘take-make-waste’ approach to one that aligns with the principles of a circular\u0000economy. This includes the use and restoration of bioreserves or the cycling of products in\u0000a manner that minimizes waste generation by employing the concepts of reuse and recycling.\u0000The adoption of circular economy principles is especially critical in energy-intensive\u0000industries, and there is increased attention to implementing these principles through biomass\u0000gasification. Various methodologies exist for utilizing the potential of biomass by\u0000employing biomass gasification to achieve the desired levels of energy output. Techniques\u0000incorporating circular economy principles for biomass gasification have become increasingly\u0000sought after and achieved widespread implementation in the past few decades. In this\u0000paper, we examine the principle of a circular economy and how biomass gasification can\u0000be leveraged in processes requiring high-energy input to achieve the same.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20833,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141122783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.2174/0124055204303723240510115938
Yuriy Kochergin, Qing He, T. Hryhorenko, Xiangli Meng
Introduction: The possibility of regulating the curing rate and the complex of adhesive, deformation-strength and dynamic mechanical properties of polymers based on bisphenol A dithioester (thiirane) using a mixture of amine hardeners of various chemical nature is investigated. Method: Diethylenetriamine, diethylenetriaminomethylphenol and aminopolyamide were investigated as hardeners. The ratio of the components of the mixed hardener is selected, which provides the best combination of strength properties. Results: It was found that the rate of adhesion and cohesive strength at the initial stage (during the first hour) of curing compositions containing a mixture hardener significantly exceeds compositions cured by individual components of the mixture. Conclusion: The results of measuring the dynamic mechanical characteristics of the studied polymers indicate that the dynamic modulus of elasticity, measured at temperatures below and above the transition from a glassy state to a high elastic one, for a sample containing a mixed hardener has an intermediate value between the values characteristic of samples containing individual components of a mixed hardener. The ratio of the components of the mixed hardener is selected, which provides the best combination of strength properties.
简介研究了使用不同化学性质的胺类固化剂混合物调节双酚 A 二硫酯（硫烷）聚合物的固化速率以及粘合力、变形强度和动态机械性能的可能性。方法：研究了作为固化剂的二乙烯三胺、二乙烯三胺甲基苯酚和氨基多酰胺。选择混合固化剂中各组分的比例，以获得最佳的强度性能组合。研究结果结果发现，含有混合固化剂的固化组合物在初始阶段（第一小时）的粘附率和内聚强度明显高于由混合物的单个成分固化的组合物。结论对所研究聚合物的动态机械特性进行测量的结果表明，在低于和高于从玻璃态向高弹性态过渡的温度下测量的含有混合固化剂的样品的动态弹性模量，其数值介于含有混合固化剂单个成分的样品的数值之间。
{"title":"Regulation of the Properties of Polymers based on Thiirane using Mixtures of Amine Hardeners","authors":"Yuriy Kochergin, Qing He, T. Hryhorenko, Xiangli Meng","doi":"10.2174/0124055204303723240510115938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124055204303723240510115938","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Introduction: The possibility of regulating the curing rate and the complex\u0000of adhesive, deformation-strength and dynamic mechanical properties of polymers\u0000based on bisphenol A dithioester (thiirane) using a mixture of amine hardeners of various\u0000chemical nature is investigated. Method: Diethylenetriamine, diethylenetriaminomethylphenol\u0000and aminopolyamide were investigated as hardeners. The ratio of\u0000the components of the mixed hardener is selected, which provides the best combination\u0000of strength properties. Results: It was found that the rate of adhesion and cohesive\u0000strength at the initial stage (during the first hour) of curing compositions containing a\u0000mixture hardener significantly exceeds compositions cured by individual components\u0000of the mixture. Conclusion: The results of measuring the dynamic mechanical characteristics\u0000of the studied polymers indicate that the dynamic modulus of elasticity,\u0000measured at temperatures below and above the transition from a glassy state to a high\u0000elastic one, for a sample containing a mixed hardener has an intermediate value between\u0000the values characteristic of samples containing individual components of a\u0000mixed hardener.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The ratio of the components of the mixed hardener is selected, which provides the best combination of strength properties.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20833,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141127239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-03DOI: 10.2174/0124055204315589240502052118
Zhanhui Wang, Mengzhao Long, Wenlong Duan, Aimin Wang, Xiaojun Li
Most NN (neural network) research only conducted qualitative analysis, analyzing its accuracy, with certain limitations, without studying its NN model, error convergence process, and pressure ratio. There is relatively limited research on the application of NN optimized by GA (genetic algorithm) to oil and gas pipelines; Moreover, the residual strength evaluation of GA-BP NN (genetic algorithm backpropagation neural network) has the advantages of high global search ability, efficiency not limited by constant differences, and the use of probability search instead of path search, which has a wide application prospect. Using MATLAB software, establish GA-BP NN models under five residual strength evaluation criteria and introduce the relative error of the parameters and the pressure ratio to comprehensively analyze the accuracy and applicability of GA-BP NN. Using MATLAB software to estimate the residual strength of oil and gas pipelines with the GA, artificial NN BP, and GA-BP NN. Firstly, using MATLAB software, a GA-BP NN model was established based on five residual strength evaluation criteria: ASME B31G Modified, BS7910, PCORRC, DNV RP F101, and SHELL92, by changing five factors that affect the residual strength of oil and gas pipelines: diameter, wall thickness, yield strength, corrosion length, and corrosion depth; Second, the trained GA-BP NN model is used to predict the residual strength of the same set of evaluation criteria test data and compared with the calculation results of five residual strength evaluation criteria. The relative error of the parameters and pressure ratio are introduced to comprehensively analyze the accuracy and applicability of the GA-BP NN. The error convergence time of the BP NN is longer, and the optimized GA-BP NN has a shorter convergence time. By comparing the convergence training times of different models, it can be obtained that for the five sets of residual strength evaluation criteria of ASME B31G Modified, BS7910, PCORRC, DNV RP F101, and SHELL92, the optimized GA-BP NN model significantly reduces convergence training times, significantly improves convergence speed, and further evolves the system performance. From the relative error and local magnification, it can be seen that for the ASME B31G Modified evaluation criteria, the maximum relative error of the BP NN model is 1.4008%, and the maximum relative error of the GA-BP NN model is 0.7304%. For the evaluation criterion BS7910, the maximum relative error of the BP NN model is 0.7239%, and the maximum relative error of the GA-BP NN model is 0.5242%; for the evaluation criteria of DNV RP F101, the maximum relative error of the BP NN model is 1.1260%, and the maximum relative error of the GA-BP NN model is 0.4810%; for the PCORRC evaluation criteria, the maximum relative, error and the maximum relative error of the GA-BP NN model is 0.8004%; for the SHELL92 evaluation criterion, the maximum relative error of the BP NN model is 1.2292%, and the
大多数 NN（神经网络）研究只是进行定性分析，分析其精度，具有一定的局限性，没有对其 NN 模型、误差收敛过程和压力比进行研究。此外，GA-BP 神经网络（遗传算法反向传播神经网络）的剩余强度评价具有全局搜索能力强、效率不受常量差异限制、用概率搜索代替路径搜索等优点，具有广泛的应用前景。利用 MATLAB 软件，在五种残余强度评价准则下建立 GA-BP NN 模型，并引入参数相对误差和压力比，全面分析 GA-BP NN 的准确性和适用性。首先，利用 MATLAB 软件，基于五种残余强度评价准则建立了 GA-BP NN 模型：首先，利用 MATLAB 软件，基于 ASME B31G Modified、BS7910、PCORRC、DNV RPF101 和 SHELL92 五种残余强度评价标准，通过改变直径、壁厚、屈服强度、腐蚀长度和腐蚀深度五个影响因素，建立了 GA-BP NN 模型；其次，利用训练好的 GA-BP NN 模型预测同一组评价标准试验数据的残余强度，并与五种残余强度评价标准的计算结果进行比较。引入参数相对误差和压力比来综合分析 GA-BP NN 的准确性和适用性。通过比较不同模型的收敛训练时间，可以得出对于 ASME B31GModified、BS7910、PCORRC、DNV RP F101 和 SHELL92 五套残余强度评价标准，优化后的 GA-BP NN 模型显著减少了收敛训练时间，明显提高了收敛速度，系统性能得到进一步提高。从相对误差和局部放大率可以看出，对于 ASME B31G Modified 评价标准，BP NN 模型的最大相对误差为 1.4008%，而 GA-BP NN 模型的最大相对误差为 0.7304%。在 BS7910 评估标准中，BP NN 模型的最大相对误差为 0.7239%，GA-BP NN 模型的最大相对误差为 0.5242%；在 DNV RP F101 评估标准中，BP NN 模型的最大相对误差为 1.1260%，GA-BP NN 模型的最大相对误差为 0.4810%；在 PCORRC 评估标准中，GA-BP NN 模型的最大相对误差和最大相对误差均为 0.8004%；在 SHELL 评估标准中，BP NN 模型的最大相对误差为 0.7239%，GA-BP NN 模型的最大相对误差为 0.5242%。GA-BP NN的预测结果与五种剩余强度评价标准的计算结果较为接近，预测效果较好，可以较为准确地预测油气管道的剩余强度。根据压力比，BP NN 模型在五种残余强度标准下的平均压力比 A 为 1.0004，GA-BP NN 模型的平均压力比 A 为 0.9998。这些发现对腐蚀性油气管道残余强度的预测具有重要意义。
{"title":"Predicting the Residual Strength of Oil and Gas Pipelines Using the GA-BP Neural Network","authors":"Zhanhui Wang, Mengzhao Long, Wenlong Duan, Aimin Wang, Xiaojun Li","doi":"10.2174/0124055204315589240502052118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124055204315589240502052118","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Most NN (neural network) research only conducted qualitative analysis,\u0000analyzing its accuracy, with certain limitations, without studying its NN model, error convergence\u0000process, and pressure ratio. There is relatively limited research on the application of\u0000NN optimized by GA (genetic algorithm) to oil and gas pipelines; Moreover, the residual\u0000strength evaluation of GA-BP NN (genetic algorithm backpropagation neural network) has the\u0000advantages of high global search ability, efficiency not limited by constant differences, and the\u0000use of probability search instead of path search, which has a wide application prospect.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Using MATLAB software, establish GA-BP NN models under five residual strength\u0000evaluation criteria and introduce the relative error of the parameters and the pressure ratio to\u0000comprehensively analyze the accuracy and applicability of GA-BP NN.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Using MATLAB software to estimate the residual strength of oil and gas pipelines with the GA, artificial NN BP, and GA-BP NN.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Firstly, using MATLAB software, a GA-BP NN model was established based on five\u0000residual strength evaluation criteria: ASME B31G Modified, BS7910, PCORRC, DNV RP\u0000F101, and SHELL92, by changing five factors that affect the residual strength of oil and gas\u0000pipelines: diameter, wall thickness, yield strength, corrosion length, and corrosion depth; Second,\u0000the trained GA-BP NN model is used to predict the residual strength of the same set of evaluation\u0000criteria test data and compared with the calculation results of five residual strength evaluation\u0000criteria. The relative error of the parameters and pressure ratio are introduced to comprehensively\u0000analyze the accuracy and applicability of the GA-BP NN.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The error convergence time of the BP NN is longer, and the optimized GA-BP NN has\u0000a shorter convergence time. By comparing the convergence training times of different models, it\u0000can be obtained that for the five sets of residual strength evaluation criteria of ASME B31G\u0000Modified, BS7910, PCORRC, DNV RP F101, and SHELL92, the optimized GA-BP NN model\u0000significantly reduces convergence training times, significantly improves convergence speed, and\u0000further evolves the system performance. From the relative error and local magnification, it can\u0000be seen that for the ASME B31G Modified evaluation criteria, the maximum relative error of\u0000the BP NN model is 1.4008%, and the maximum relative error of the GA-BP NN model is\u00000.7304%. For the evaluation criterion BS7910, the maximum relative error of the BP NN model\u0000is 0.7239%, and the maximum relative error of the GA-BP NN model is 0.5242%; for the evaluation\u0000criteria of DNV RP F101, the maximum relative error of the BP NN model is 1.1260%,\u0000and the maximum relative error of the GA-BP NN model is 0.4810%; for the PCORRC evaluation\u0000criteria, the maximum relative, error and the maximum relative error of the GA-BP NN\u0000model is 0.8004%; for the SHELL92 evaluation criterion, the maximum relative error of the BP\u0000NN model is 1.2292%, and the","PeriodicalId":20833,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141014766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acoustic parameters can help us understand how temperature and concentration affect the behaviour of potassium ferrocyanide and potassium chromate electrolytes in the aqueous solvent Dimethylformamide. The solution's density (ρ), viscosity (η), and ultrasonic speed (u) were measured at various concentrations and temperatures (ranging from 293 K to 313 K) using a pycnometer, an Ostwald viscometer, and an ultrasonic interferometer at frequencies of 1MHz, respectively. Based on these measurements, other acoustic parameters were calculated, such as free length (Lr), internal pressure (πi), adiabatic compressibility (β), acoustic impedance (Z), relaxation time (τ), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG). These acoustic and thermodynamic parameters were used to explore various interactions, molecular motion, and interaction modes, as well as their effects, which were influenced by the size of the pure component and the mixtures. The analysis showed that changes in temperature and concentration led to specific parameter differences, which affected the interactions between the solute and solvent. This study demonstrated that increasing the concentration of the mixture increased the density, viscosity, and ultrasonic velocity due to the interaction between the solute and solvent, indicating molecular interaction in the mixture.
{"title":"Thermo-Acoustic Behaviour of K2CrO4 and K4 [Fe(CN)6] in Aqueous\u0000Dimethylformamide at Different Temperatures","authors":"Rajalaxmi Panda, Subhraraj Panda, Susanta Kumar Biswal","doi":"10.2174/0124055204296907240330083154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124055204296907240330083154","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Acoustic parameters can help us understand how temperature and\u0000concentration affect the behaviour of potassium ferrocyanide and potassium chromate electrolytes\u0000in the aqueous solvent Dimethylformamide.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The solution's density (ρ), viscosity (η), and ultrasonic speed (u) were measured\u0000at various concentrations and temperatures (ranging from 293 K to 313 K) using a pycnometer,\u0000an Ostwald viscometer, and an ultrasonic interferometer at frequencies of 1MHz,\u0000respectively. Based on these measurements, other acoustic parameters were calculated,\u0000such as free length (Lr), internal pressure (πi), adiabatic compressibility (β), acoustic impedance\u0000(Z), relaxation time (τ), and Gibbs free energy (ΔG).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000These acoustic and thermodynamic parameters were used to explore various interactions,\u0000molecular motion, and interaction modes, as well as their effects, which were influenced\u0000by the size of the pure component and the mixtures. The analysis showed that\u0000changes in temperature and concentration led to specific parameter differences, which affected\u0000the interactions between the solute and solvent.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study demonstrated that increasing the concentration of the mixture increased\u0000the density, viscosity, and ultrasonic velocity due to the interaction between the\u0000solute and solvent, indicating molecular interaction in the mixture.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20833,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140696974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-08DOI: 10.2174/0124055204304381240403085107
Darío Guamán-Lozada, María José Tobar Heredia, Mayra Zambrano Vinueza, Roister Alexis Pesantes Ortiz, Marlon Moscoso Martínez, Paul Marcelo Manobanda Pinto
This investigation delves into the optimization of the plywood drying process through the development of predictive models for output moisture content (MC_Out) and waviness. It focuses on bridging the gap in current methodologies by employing artificial neural networks (ANNs), optimized with genetic algorithms, to enhance prediction accuracy and process efficiency. A comprehensive experimental design was employed, analyzing the effects of three wood types (Doncel, Tamburo, and Zapote), two thickness levels, and three drying speeds on MC_Out and waviness. Data collected were subjected to both traditional statistical analysis and ANNs. The ANNs were fine-tuned through genetic algorithms, exploring different network architectures to achieve optimal predictive performance. Statistical models revealed the significant influence of wood type, thickness, and drying speed on MC_Out and waviness, explaining 95.9% and 84.3% of the variations, respectively. The optimized ANN models, however, demonstrated superior accuracy, with the MC_Out model achieving fitted R-squared values of 0.940 and 0.757 for training and validation sets, respectively, thus outperforming traditional models in predicting drying outcomes. The study underscores the effectiveness of ANNs in capturing complex nonlinear relationships within the plywood drying data, which traditional statistical models might not fully elucidate. The successful optimization of ANN architecture via genetic algorithms further highlights the potential of machine learning approaches in industrial applications, offering a more precise and reliable method for predicting drying process outcomes. The integration of artificial neural networks, optimized through genetic algorithms, represents a significant advancement in the predictive modeling of plywood drying processes. This approach not only offers enhanced prediction accuracy for key variables such as MC_Out and waviness but also paves the way for more efficient and controlled drying operations, ultimately contributing to the production of higher-quality plywood.
{"title":"Predictive Modeling and Optimization of Plywood Drying: An Artificial Neural Network Approach","authors":"Darío Guamán-Lozada, María José Tobar Heredia, Mayra Zambrano Vinueza, Roister Alexis Pesantes Ortiz, Marlon Moscoso Martínez, Paul Marcelo Manobanda Pinto","doi":"10.2174/0124055204304381240403085107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124055204304381240403085107","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000This investigation delves into the optimization of the plywood\u0000drying process through the development of predictive models for output moisture content\u0000(MC_Out) and waviness. It focuses on bridging the gap in current methodologies by employing\u0000artificial neural networks (ANNs), optimized with genetic algorithms, to enhance\u0000prediction accuracy and process efficiency.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A comprehensive experimental design was employed, analyzing\u0000the effects of three wood types (Doncel, Tamburo, and Zapote), two thickness levels, and\u0000three drying speeds on MC_Out and waviness. Data collected were subjected to both traditional\u0000statistical analysis and ANNs. The ANNs were fine-tuned through genetic algorithms,\u0000exploring different network architectures to achieve optimal predictive performance.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Statistical models revealed the significant influence of wood type, thickness, and\u0000drying speed on MC_Out and waviness, explaining 95.9% and 84.3% of the variations,\u0000respectively. The optimized ANN models, however, demonstrated superior accuracy, with\u0000the MC_Out model achieving fitted R-squared values of 0.940 and 0.757 for training and\u0000validation sets, respectively, thus outperforming traditional models in predicting drying\u0000outcomes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The study underscores the effectiveness of ANNs in capturing complex nonlinear\u0000relationships within the plywood drying data, which traditional statistical models\u0000might not fully elucidate. The successful optimization of ANN architecture via genetic algorithms\u0000further highlights the potential of machine learning approaches in industrial applications,\u0000offering a more precise and reliable method for predicting drying process outcomes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The integration of artificial neural networks, optimized through genetic algorithms,\u0000represents a significant advancement in the predictive modeling of plywood drying\u0000processes. This approach not only offers enhanced prediction accuracy for key variables\u0000such as MC_Out and waviness but also paves the way for more efficient and controlled\u0000drying operations, ultimately contributing to the production of higher-quality plywood.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20833,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140730326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.2174/0124055204288808240301080254
J. F. Pérez-Sánchez, Ana Maria Mendoza-Martínez, Edgardo J. Suárez Domínguez, A. Palacio-Pérez, Jose Rafael Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Y. Pérez-Badell, Elena F. Izquierdo Kulich
Organosulfur compounds within petroleum have far-reaching consequences for the refining industry, combustion of petroleum products, and environmental quality. They induce corrosion in refining equipment, hamper the efficient burning of petroleum products, and contribute to environmental degradation. In high-density asphalt crudes, these compounds are predominantly concentrated within asphaltenes. However, crude oils with extremely high sulfur content, may be distributed across the four constituent families defined by the SARA analysis of crude oil composition. These compounds, characterized by differing polarities, can trigger the formation of a dispersed phase, whose destabilization results in tube clogging issues. The research problem focuses on understanding how sulfur composition affects the formation of a dispersed phase in low-polarity organic dispersion media for sulfurcontaining hydrocarbons. It is investigated because the presence of sulfur in crude oil significantly affects the behavior of dispersed phases, which can result in operational and environmental quality issues to comprehensively assess the impact of sulfur composition on the dynamics and stability of this dispersed phase, we introduce a mesoscopic model based on the master equation. This model considers the molecular structure of system components and their molecular properties, established through computational quantum chemistry and statistical thermodynamics tools While our research focuses on a two-phase system, our theoretical insights suggest that increased sulfur content escalates the likelihood of destabilizing the dispersed phase. This adverse effect can be mitigated by incorporating additives capable of reducing the polarizability of the dispersion medium. The novelty lies in the development of a stochastic model to predict the dynamics of dispersed phase formation in sulfur-containing hydrocarbons. This model considers molecular interactions and stochastic processes, offering insights into the influence of sulfur composition on phase behavior. A stochastic model, based on molecular structure, predicts accelerated formation with increased sulfur concentration, reaching non-equilibrium steady states. Limitations include ad hoc transition probabilities and the exclusion of factors like density and viscosity. Real crudes, with complex compositions, may exhibit different behavior. The presence of sulfur in the dispersion medium enhances the stability of the dispersed system. Our work sheds light on the intricate interplay between sulfur content and the performance of petroleum systems, offering potential solutions to mitigate these issues. Quantitative results include accelerated dispersed phase formation with increased sulfur concentration. Qualitatively, molecular interactions and stochastic processes were explored, highlighting sulfur's impact on phase dynamics.
石油中的有机硫化合物对炼油工业、石油产品燃烧和环境质量有着深远的影响。它们会腐蚀炼油设备，妨碍石油产品的有效燃烧，并导致环境恶化。在高密度沥青原油中，这些化合物主要集中在沥青质中。不过，硫含量极高的原油可能分布在 SARA 原油成分分析所定义的四个成分家族中。这些化合物具有不同的极性，可引发分散相的形成，而分散相的不稳定性会导致管道堵塞问题。研究问题的重点是了解硫成分如何影响含硫烃类在低极性有机分散介质中形成分散相。为了全面评估硫成分对分散相动力学和稳定性的影响，我们引入了一个基于主方程的介观模型。虽然我们的研究侧重于两相体系，但我们的理论见解表明，硫含量的增加会增加分散相失稳的可能性。该模型考虑了分子相互作用和随机过程，有助于深入了解硫成分对相行为的影响。基于分子结构的随机模型预测，随着硫浓度的增加，分散相的形成会加速，并达到非平衡稳态。局限性包括临时过渡概率以及排除密度和粘度等因素。成分复杂的实际原油可能会表现出不同的行为。我们的工作揭示了硫含量与石油系统性能之间错综复杂的相互作用，为缓解这些问题提供了潜在的解决方案。定量结果包括随着硫浓度的增加而加速分散相的形成；定性结果则探讨了分子相互作用和随机过程，突出了硫对相动力学的影响。
{"title":"Modeling the Effect of Sulfur Composition in Dispersed Systems\u0000Involving Organosulfur Compounds","authors":"J. F. Pérez-Sánchez, Ana Maria Mendoza-Martínez, Edgardo J. Suárez Domínguez, A. Palacio-Pérez, Jose Rafael Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Y. Pérez-Badell, Elena F. Izquierdo Kulich","doi":"10.2174/0124055204288808240301080254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124055204288808240301080254","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Organosulfur compounds within petroleum have far-reaching consequences\u0000for the refining industry, combustion of petroleum products, and environmental\u0000quality. They induce corrosion in refining equipment, hamper the efficient burning of petroleum\u0000products, and contribute to environmental degradation. In high-density asphalt crudes,\u0000these compounds are predominantly concentrated within asphaltenes. However, crude oils\u0000with extremely high sulfur content, may be distributed across the four constituent families\u0000defined by the SARA analysis of crude oil composition. These compounds, characterized\u0000by differing polarities, can trigger the formation of a dispersed phase, whose destabilization\u0000results in tube clogging issues.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The research problem focuses on understanding how sulfur composition affects\u0000the formation of a dispersed phase in low-polarity organic dispersion media for sulfurcontaining\u0000hydrocarbons. It is investigated because the presence of sulfur in crude oil significantly\u0000affects the behavior of dispersed phases, which can result in operational and environmental\u0000quality issues to comprehensively assess the impact of sulfur composition on the\u0000dynamics and stability of this dispersed phase, we introduce a mesoscopic model based on\u0000the master equation. This model considers the molecular structure of system components\u0000and their molecular properties, established through computational quantum chemistry and\u0000statistical thermodynamics tools\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000While our research focuses on a two-phase system, our theoretical insights suggest\u0000that increased sulfur content escalates the likelihood of destabilizing the dispersed phase.\u0000This adverse effect can be mitigated by incorporating additives capable of reducing the\u0000polarizability of the dispersion medium. The novelty lies in the development of a stochastic\u0000model to predict the dynamics of dispersed phase formation in sulfur-containing hydrocarbons.\u0000This model considers molecular interactions and stochastic processes, offering insights\u0000into the influence of sulfur composition on phase behavior.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000A stochastic model, based on molecular structure, predicts accelerated formation\u0000with increased sulfur concentration, reaching non-equilibrium steady states. Limitations\u0000include ad hoc transition probabilities and the exclusion of factors like density and\u0000viscosity. Real crudes, with complex compositions, may exhibit different behavior. The\u0000presence of sulfur in the dispersion medium enhances the stability of the dispersed system.\u0000Our work sheds light on the intricate interplay between sulfur content and the performance\u0000of petroleum systems, offering potential solutions to mitigate these issues. Quantitative\u0000results include accelerated dispersed phase formation with increased sulfur concentration.\u0000Qualitatively, molecular interactions and stochastic processes were explored, highlighting\u0000sulfur's impact on phase dynamics.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20833,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140247994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-08DOI: 10.2174/0124055204298649240229073645
Rohiman Ahmad Zulkipli, Indra Perdana, D. Aprilianto, Tri Rahmawati, Rochmadi
The demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is rapidly increasing due to the growth of the electronics and electric vehicle industries. Even though the batteries are rechargeable, their storage capacity decreases, and they eventually end up being wasted. Recycling the spent LIBs is necessary to reduce the environmental impact and utilize the precious metals contained in the waste The present work focuses on the selective recovery of lithium from the cathodes of spent NMC batteries through the hydrometallurgical process using a sodium hydroxide solution. The leaching process was carried out in 2 M and 4 M NaOH concentrations for 120 minutes at high pressure and at temperatures of 398.15 K, 423.15 K, 448.15 K, and 473.15 K. Experimental results showed that 56.53% of lithium could be recovered with nearly 100% selectivity under the optimum leaching conditions of 473.15 K and 4 M NaOH. The release of lithium ions was due to a combination of sodium adsorption, ion exchange, and impregnation mechanisms. Calculation results showed that the activation energy of the lithium leaching process was 2.1990×104 J/mol, the reaction was endothermic with enthalpy and entropy at standard conditions (298.15 K) of 4.8936×105 J/mol and 1.4421×103 J/mol/K, respectively. The present work also suggested that total lithium recovery can be increased through leaching processes.
{"title":"Selective Extraction of Lithium from Spent NMC Battery Cathodes\u0000Using Sodium Hydroxide as a Leaching Agent at Elevated\u0000Temperatures","authors":"Rohiman Ahmad Zulkipli, Indra Perdana, D. Aprilianto, Tri Rahmawati, Rochmadi","doi":"10.2174/0124055204298649240229073645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124055204298649240229073645","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The demand for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is rapidly increasing due to\u0000the growth of the electronics and electric vehicle industries. Even though the batteries are rechargeable, their storage capacity decreases, and they eventually end up being wasted. Recycling the spent LIBs is necessary to reduce the environmental impact and utilize the precious\u0000metals contained in the waste\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present work focuses on the selective recovery of\u0000lithium from the cathodes of spent NMC batteries through the hydrometallurgical process using\u0000a sodium hydroxide solution. The leaching process was carried out in 2 M and 4 M NaOH concentrations for 120 minutes at high pressure and at temperatures of 398.15 K, 423.15 K, 448.15\u0000K, and 473.15 K. Experimental results showed that 56.53% of lithium could be recovered with\u0000nearly 100% selectivity under the optimum leaching conditions of 473.15 K and 4 M NaOH.\u0000The release of lithium ions was due to a combination of sodium adsorption, ion exchange, and\u0000impregnation mechanisms.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Calculation results showed that the activation energy of the\u0000lithium leaching process was 2.1990×104 J/mol, the reaction was endothermic with enthalpy\u0000and entropy at standard conditions (298.15 K) of 4.8936×105 J/mol and 1.4421×103 J/mol/K,\u0000respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The present work also suggested that total lithium recovery can be\u0000increased through leaching processes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20833,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140257228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-07DOI: 10.2174/0124055204294716240306065810
Zhanhui Wang, Wenlong Duan, Mengzhao Long, Aimin Wang, Xiaojun Li
With the continuous application of API 5L X100 high-strength grade steel pipeline and the development trend of increasing pipeline diameter and design pressure in China's long natural gas and petroleum pipeline, API 5L X100 high-strength grade steel pipeline steel is bound to become the aorta in long-distance pipeline construction in the future. Studying the failure pressure of API 5L X100 high-strength grade steel pipeline has high economic and social benefits Exploring the corrosion mechanism of the two single corroded pipeline models with outer defect and inner defect. Using ANSYS Workbench 15.0 software to explore the two single corroded piping models with outer defect and inner defect. Using ANSYS Workbench 15.0 software to explore the two single corroded pipeline models with outer defect and inner defect and the influence of geometric parameters such as defect depth, defect length, defect width, etc., on the maximum equivalent stress and failure pressure investigated. Based on the finite element analysis database, the failure pressures of two single corroded pipeline models were fitted using Matlab software and the fitting formulas. In the corrosion defect area of the pipeline, stress concentration occurs; Far away from the corrosion defect area, the stress distribution is uniform. For the pipeline model with outer defect and inner defect, as the defect depth and length increases, failure pressure shows a decreasing trend and is almost unaffected by defect width; As the ratio of diameter to thickness increases, failure pressure shows a decreasing trend; By fitting failure pressure formula of the pipeline models with outer defect and inner defect, a multivariate fitting function formula of failure pressure is obtained, with high fitting exactitude. The conclusion obtained have certain guiding values for the normal and stable operation of natural gas and petroleum transportation pipelines.
{"title":"Research on Failure Pressure of API 5L X100 Pipeline with Single Defect","authors":"Zhanhui Wang, Wenlong Duan, Mengzhao Long, Aimin Wang, Xiaojun Li","doi":"10.2174/0124055204294716240306065810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124055204294716240306065810","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000With the continuous application of API 5L X100 high-strength\u0000grade steel pipeline and the development trend of increasing pipeline diameter and design\u0000pressure in China's long natural gas and petroleum pipeline, API 5L X100 high-strength\u0000grade steel pipeline steel is bound to become the aorta in long-distance pipeline construction\u0000in the future. Studying the failure pressure of API 5L X100 high-strength grade steel\u0000pipeline has high economic and social benefits\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Exploring the corrosion mechanism of the two single corroded pipeline models\u0000with outer defect and inner defect.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Using ANSYS Workbench 15.0 software to explore the two single corroded piping models with outer defect and inner defect.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Using ANSYS Workbench 15.0 software to explore the two single corroded\u0000pipeline models with outer defect and inner defect and the influence of geometric parameters\u0000such as defect depth, defect length, defect width, etc., on the maximum equivalent\u0000stress and failure pressure investigated. Based on the finite element analysis database, the\u0000failure pressures of two single corroded pipeline models were fitted using Matlab software\u0000and the fitting formulas.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In the corrosion defect area of the pipeline, stress concentration occurs; Far away\u0000from the corrosion defect area, the stress distribution is uniform. For the pipeline model\u0000with outer defect and inner defect, as the defect depth and length increases, failure pressure\u0000shows a decreasing trend and is almost unaffected by defect width; As the ratio of diameter\u0000to thickness increases, failure pressure shows a decreasing trend; By fitting failure pressure\u0000formula of the pipeline models with outer defect and inner defect, a multivariate fitting\u0000function formula of failure pressure is obtained, with high fitting exactitude.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The conclusion obtained have certain guiding values for the normal and stable\u0000operation of natural gas and petroleum transportation pipelines.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20833,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140258468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.2174/0124055204293369240221044511
Norshahidatul Akmar Mohd Shohaimi, Norshahiera Khairul Adnan, Siti Fadhilah Ibrahim
Waste from the palm oil industry, such as empty fruit bunch ash (EFBA) and palm oil mill effluents (POME), is a type of biomass created during the production of palm oil and produced in vast quantities. Due to the massive amounts of empty fruit bunch ash produced because of the exponential rise in worldwide palm oil production, major plantations are having trouble disposing of them. The purpose of this research is to study the effectiveness of the ZnO-EFBA catalyst under visible light irradiation for the photoesterification reaction and its physicochemical properties of the photocatalyst that will be determined using TGA, SEMEDX, XRD and BET. The biodiesel will be produced by using two steps which are photoesterification to reduce the FFA value in WCO and followed by transesterification to produce FAMEs. The photoesterification reactions were conducted using WCO under visible light irradiation. Various parameters were examined, including different reaction times of 1 to 4 hours, different methanol to oil molar ratios of 12:1, 14:1, 16:1, and 18:1, and different ZnO-EFBA catalyst loadings ranging from 0 wt.% to 8 wt.%. The obtained results demonstrated that each WCO sample has a different optimum condition in the photoesterification reaction. Moreover, it was observed that lower FFA values correlated with higher biodiesel conversion rates in the transesterification reaction with 79.06%, 77.72% and 73.33% for samples 1, 2 and 3, respectively. By using EFBA as a heterogeneous catalyst doped with ZnO in the manufacturing of biodiesel, it helps to reduce the waste that the palm oil industry creates, limiting the adverse effects on human health and environmental harm. Furthermore, biodiesel is a renewable, clean-burning alternative to petroleum fuel, which is domestically manufactured The use of biodiesel as a vehicle fuel boosts energy security, enhances the environment and air quality, and offers safety advantages
{"title":"Photoesterification of Waste Cooking Oil using ZnO Doped Empty\u0000Fruit Bunches Ash Heterogeneous Catalyst","authors":"Norshahidatul Akmar Mohd Shohaimi, Norshahiera Khairul Adnan, Siti Fadhilah Ibrahim","doi":"10.2174/0124055204293369240221044511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124055204293369240221044511","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Waste from the palm oil industry, such as empty fruit\u0000bunch ash (EFBA) and palm oil mill effluents (POME), is a type of biomass created\u0000during the production of palm oil and produced in vast quantities. Due to the massive\u0000amounts of empty fruit bunch ash produced because of the exponential rise in\u0000worldwide palm oil production, major plantations are having trouble disposing of\u0000them.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The purpose of this research is to study the effectiveness of the ZnO-EFBA catalyst\u0000under visible light irradiation for the photoesterification reaction and its physicochemical\u0000properties of the photocatalyst that will be determined using TGA, SEMEDX,\u0000XRD and BET.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The biodiesel will be produced by using two steps which are photoesterification\u0000to reduce the FFA value in WCO and followed by transesterification to produce\u0000FAMEs. The photoesterification reactions were conducted using WCO under visible\u0000light irradiation. Various parameters were examined, including different reaction times\u0000of 1 to 4 hours, different methanol to oil molar ratios of 12:1, 14:1, 16:1, and 18:1, and\u0000different ZnO-EFBA catalyst loadings ranging from 0 wt.% to 8 wt.%. The obtained\u0000results demonstrated that each WCO sample has a different optimum condition in the\u0000photoesterification reaction. Moreover, it was observed that lower FFA values correlated\u0000with higher biodiesel conversion rates in the transesterification reaction with\u000079.06%, 77.72% and 73.33% for samples 1, 2 and 3, respectively.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000By using EFBA as a heterogeneous catalyst doped with ZnO in the manufacturing\u0000of biodiesel, it helps to reduce the waste that the palm oil industry creates, limiting\u0000the adverse effects on human health and environmental harm. Furthermore, biodiesel\u0000is a renewable, clean-burning alternative to petroleum fuel, which is domestically\u0000manufactured\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The use of biodiesel as a vehicle fuel boosts energy security, enhances\u0000the environment and air quality, and offers safety advantages\u0000","PeriodicalId":20833,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140266216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-14DOI: 10.2174/0124055204284488240120053918
Berrak Çalışkan, Enes Şayan, Hakan Kızıltaş
The production of thin film TiO2 nanostructured systems for electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic applications has been an essential topic in recent years. Due to the light-sensitive effect of TiO2, it can be produced by various methods and used as a photoelectrode to remove dye. Using magnetron sputtering, Ti thin films can be deposited on different substrates and converted into transparent TiO2 structures by electrochemical anodization. In this study, the thin Ti film was produced using a magnetic spraying technique on the FTO substrate, and then an anodic TiO2 structure was obtained by the anodization technique. TiO2 films produced by the anodizing technique were used as a photoelectrode for the degradation of MB. The reactor contained 400 mL of 20 mg/L MB solution at 20 °C. The produced photoelectrode was characterized by the SEM/EDS, FTIR, XRD, and UV-Vis Spectrophotometer analyses. The EDS analysis confirmed the presence of titanium and oxygen in the FTO/ Anodized TiO2 photoelectrode. The XRD results showed that all the peaks of the produced FTO/ Anodic TiO2 were associated with the anatase phase of TiO2. According to the FTIR spectroscopy, the functional groups of the anodized TiO2 were obtained for the FTO/ Anodized TiO2. The electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic degradation experiments were performed with the degradation of the dye solution of MB on the FTO/ Anodic TiO2 photoelectrode, and the rates of dye degradation were determined as 17.12%, 64.67%, and 82.12%, respectively This study showed that the methylene blue dye of FTO/ Anodic TiO2 is a suitable photoelectrode for electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic degradation.
{"title":"Photoelectrode FTO/ Anodized TiO2 Production and Characterization\u0000for Methylene Blue Affected Photoelectrochemical Decomposition","authors":"Berrak Çalışkan, Enes Şayan, Hakan Kızıltaş","doi":"10.2174/0124055204284488240120053918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0124055204284488240120053918","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The production of thin film TiO2 nanostructured systems for electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic applications has been an essential\u0000topic in recent years. Due to the light-sensitive effect of TiO2, it can be produced by various methods and used as a photoelectrode to remove dye. Using magnetron sputtering, Ti\u0000thin films can be deposited on different substrates and converted into transparent TiO2\u0000structures by electrochemical anodization.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000In this study, the thin Ti film was produced using a magnetic spraying technique\u0000on the FTO substrate, and then an anodic TiO2 structure was obtained by the anodization\u0000technique. TiO2 films produced by the anodizing technique were used as a photoelectrode\u0000for the degradation of MB. The reactor contained 400 mL of 20 mg/L MB solution at\u000020 °C. The produced photoelectrode was characterized by the SEM/EDS, FTIR, XRD, and\u0000UV-Vis Spectrophotometer analyses.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The EDS analysis confirmed the presence of titanium and oxygen in the FTO/\u0000Anodized TiO2 photoelectrode. The XRD results showed that all the peaks of the produced\u0000FTO/ Anodic TiO2 were associated with the anatase phase of TiO2. According to the FTIR\u0000spectroscopy, the functional groups of the anodized TiO2 were obtained for the FTO/ Anodized TiO2. The electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic degradation experiments were performed with the degradation of the dye solution of MB on the FTO/\u0000Anodic TiO2 photoelectrode, and the rates of dye degradation were determined as 17.12%,\u000064.67%, and 82.12%, respectively\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study showed that the methylene blue dye of FTO/ Anodic TiO2 is a\u0000suitable photoelectrode for electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, and photoelectrocatalytic degradation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":20833,"journal":{"name":"Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139963913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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