Pub Date : 2024-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112481
Zhanbin Chen
We present extended theoretical calculations of atomic parameters for the aluminum-like Mo XXX. The multiconfiguration Dirac–Fock method, accounting for the Breit interaction and quantum electrodynamics effects is used in the calculate. Energy levels and lifetimes for the 212 levels resulting from the (1s22s22p6) 3s23p, 3p3, 3s3p3d, 3s23d, 3d3, 3s3p2, 3p3d2, 3p23d, 3s3d2, 3s24p, 3s24f, 3s3p4s, 3s24s, 3s3p4d, 3s24d, and 3s3p4p configurations are presented. Wavelengths, transition energies, oscillator strengths, and transition probabilities among these configurations are given. The accuracy is carefully estimated by comparing the results with experimental data and values calculated using different gauges. This work provides an accurate data set that is expected to be useful in fusion research.
{"title":"Theoretical study of energy levels and transition rates in Al-like Mo XXX","authors":"Zhanbin Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112481","url":null,"abstract":"We present extended theoretical calculations of atomic parameters for the aluminum-like Mo XXX. The multiconfiguration Dirac–Fock method, accounting for the Breit interaction and quantum electrodynamics effects is used in the calculate. Energy levels and lifetimes for the 212 levels resulting from the (1s<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>2s<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>2p<ce:sup loc=\"post\">6</ce:sup>) 3s<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>3p, 3p<ce:sup loc=\"post\">3</ce:sup>, 3s3p3d, 3s<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>3d, 3d<ce:sup loc=\"post\">3</ce:sup>, 3s3p<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>, 3p3d<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>, 3p<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>3d, 3s3d<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>, 3s<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>4p, 3s<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>4f, 3s3p4s, 3s<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>4s, 3s3p4d, 3s<ce:sup loc=\"post\">2</ce:sup>4d, and 3s3p4p configurations are presented. Wavelengths, transition energies, oscillator strengths, and transition probabilities among these configurations are given. The accuracy is carefully estimated by comparing the results with experimental data and values calculated using different gauges. This work provides an accurate data set that is expected to be useful in fusion research.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Agar and polybutylene adipate-co terephthalate (PBAT) blend pellets were prepared by melt-extrusion with a high agar composition. The resulting plastic pellets were treated with gamma radiation to induces crosslinking and compatibilized the blending. The blending was irradiated in various doses, which was 10 kGy, 30 kGy, and 50 kGy. The effect of gamma irradiation on the plastic pellet were studied in terms of chemical structure, thermal properties, tensile properties, water resistivity and biodegradability. The irradiation 30 kGy increases the tensile strength from 3.21 MPa to 4.51 MPa, implying successful modification with radiation. The melting temperature (Tm) increased by irradiation doses from 91 °C to 110 °C. The crosslinking reaction of gamma irradiation causes the improved mechanical and thermal properties of irradiation agar/PBAT pellets. The water resistivity decreased, causing the formation of hydrophobic groups in the agar/PBAT pellet after irradiation. It is revealed that the 30 kGy irradiation dose is the optimum dose of radiation as it increases the tensile strength and decreases the water sensitivity significantly. The gamma irradiation reduced degradation with microbial growth from 82,91% to 75,88%, resulting in an improved antibacterial activity. These results show that gamma radiation can improve the properties of agar/PBAT plastic pellets and potentially be used as an antibacterial packaging.
{"title":"Compatibility induced gamma radiation of Agar/PBAT blends: Impact on material properties","authors":"Rossy Choerun Nissa, Aisyah Hanifah, Efri Mardawati, Pramono Nugroho, Misri Gozan, Kasbawati Kasbawati, Biqiong Chen, Yeyen Nurhamiyah","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112487","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112487","url":null,"abstract":"Agar and polybutylene adipate-co terephthalate (PBAT) blend pellets were prepared by melt-extrusion with a high agar composition. The resulting plastic pellets were treated with gamma radiation to induces crosslinking and compatibilized the blending. The blending was irradiated in various doses, which was 10 kGy, 30 kGy, and 50 kGy. The effect of gamma irradiation on the plastic pellet were studied in terms of chemical structure, thermal properties, tensile properties, water resistivity and biodegradability. The irradiation 30 kGy increases the tensile strength from 3.21 MPa to 4.51 MPa, implying successful modification with radiation. The melting temperature (T<ce:inf loc=\"post\">m</ce:inf>) increased by irradiation doses from 91 °C to 110 °C. The crosslinking reaction of gamma irradiation causes the improved mechanical and thermal properties of irradiation agar/PBAT pellets. The water resistivity decreased, causing the formation of hydrophobic groups in the agar/PBAT pellet after irradiation. It is revealed that the 30 kGy irradiation dose is the optimum dose of radiation as it increases the tensile strength and decreases the water sensitivity significantly. The gamma irradiation reduced degradation with microbial growth from 82,91% to 75,88%, resulting in an improved antibacterial activity. These results show that gamma radiation can improve the properties of agar/PBAT plastic pellets and potentially be used as an antibacterial packaging.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142925322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-21DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112479
Merfat Algethami, Roya Boudaghi Malidarreh, V. Yu Ivanov, Shams A. M. Issa, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, Iskender Akkurt, Hesham M.H. Zakaly
The present study is dedicated to deriving radiation shielding and mechanical features of the tellurium dioxide-zinc oxide-nickel oxide (TeO2–ZnO–NiO) preferred glass systems. The radiation shielding and mechanical parameters have been obtained by leveraging the FLUKA Monte Carlo (MC) approach and theoretical analysis. Attenuation factors have been carried out for different ratios of Te: Zn (i.e., 4:1, 7:3, 3:2) and 2 cm thickness glass specimen. Three NiO mole fractions are investigated for this purpose. Among the three-glass series, 7:3 specimens possess the highest radiation shielding, improving the space-efficiency. In addition, the Zeff increases with the rising TeO2 concentration in the glass structure, especially in the high energy range. Furthermore, reducing the amount of ZnO as a network modifier in the glass increases the molar volume. Moreover, we successfully increased the mechanical module of the provided glass specimens utilizing MM model. The outcomes of the present work are suitable for further studies related to the ternary Te glass series.
{"title":"A promising alternative: A pathway to superior mechanical and radiation shielding performance of ternary TeO2–ZnO–NiO glass system","authors":"Merfat Algethami, Roya Boudaghi Malidarreh, V. Yu Ivanov, Shams A. M. Issa, Mayeen Uddin Khandaker, Iskender Akkurt, Hesham M.H. Zakaly","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112479","url":null,"abstract":"The present study is dedicated to deriving radiation shielding and mechanical features of the tellurium dioxide-zinc oxide-nickel oxide (TeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>–ZnO–NiO) preferred glass systems. The radiation shielding and mechanical parameters have been obtained by leveraging the FLUKA Monte Carlo (MC) approach and theoretical analysis. Attenuation factors have been carried out for different ratios of Te: Zn (i.e., 4:1, 7:3, 3:2) and 2 cm thickness glass specimen. Three NiO mole fractions are investigated for this purpose. Among the three-glass series, 7:3 specimens possess the highest radiation shielding, improving the space-efficiency. In addition, the Z<ce:inf loc=\"post\">eff</ce:inf> increases with the rising TeO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> concentration in the glass structure, especially in the high energy range. Furthermore, reducing the amount of ZnO as a network modifier in the glass increases the molar volume. Moreover, we successfully increased the mechanical module of the provided glass specimens utilizing MM model. The outcomes of the present work are suitable for further studies related to the ternary Te glass series.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112484
Chaitali V. More, Nilesh L. Tarwal, Sunil N. Botewad, Mohd Anis, Vishnu V. Kutwade, Ferdi Akman, Osman Agar, Pravina P. Pawar
The present study has reported the radiation shielding properties of polymeric composites adding tin oxide (SnO2) as a filler. For the purpose of assessing gamma-ray and neutron attenuation properties of the new unsaturated polyester resin composites with different SnO2 concentrations, samples were synthesized with successively increasing loadings of SnO2. Theoretical, simulated, and experimental evaluations have shown a great match among experimental, computational, and simulation over a wide photon energy range (122 keV–1330 keV) using NaI (Tl) scintillation detectors, WinXCom computational code, and Monte Carlo (GEANT4) simulations. Fast neutron removal cross-sections (ΣR), shielding properties against fast neutrons, were calculated. XRD, FE-SEM, and EDX structural grades were conducted to analyze microstructure of the composite and justify the dispersal of SnO2 in that matrix. The composite code-named S5 with SnO2 concentrations at 50% has the highest gamma and neutron shielding ability among all samples. Additionally, the compressive strength tests demonstrated the possibility of incorporating SnO2 in enhancing mechanical properties by improving structures while ensuring a reasonably good protection against radiation.
{"title":"Radiation shielding efficacy of unsaturated polyester composites for gamma and neutron attenuation-enhanced with SnO2","authors":"Chaitali V. More, Nilesh L. Tarwal, Sunil N. Botewad, Mohd Anis, Vishnu V. Kutwade, Ferdi Akman, Osman Agar, Pravina P. Pawar","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112484","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112484","url":null,"abstract":"The present study has reported the radiation shielding properties of polymeric composites adding tin oxide (SnO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>) as a filler. For the purpose of assessing gamma-ray and neutron attenuation properties of the new unsaturated polyester resin composites with different SnO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> concentrations, samples were synthesized with successively increasing loadings of SnO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>. Theoretical, simulated, and experimental evaluations have shown a great match among experimental, computational, and simulation over a wide photon energy range (122 keV–1330 keV) using NaI (Tl) scintillation detectors, WinXCom computational code, and Monte Carlo (GEANT4) simulations. Fast neutron removal cross-sections (Σ<ce:inf loc=\"post\">R</ce:inf>), shielding properties against fast neutrons, were calculated. XRD, FE-SEM, and EDX structural grades were conducted to analyze microstructure of the composite and justify the dispersal of SnO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> in that matrix. The composite code-named S5 with SnO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> concentrations at 50% has the highest gamma and neutron shielding ability among all samples. Additionally, the compressive strength tests demonstrated the possibility of incorporating SnO<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf> in enhancing mechanical properties by improving structures while ensuring a reasonably good protection against radiation.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"282 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142874799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112474
Raghda Sabry, Asmaa Sayed, Ibrahim E.T. El-Sayed, Ghada A. Mahmoud
The development of natural polymer-based biofilms with enhanced mechanical and barrier properties is of great interest for sustainable food packaging. This study explores the optimization of pectin/polyacrylamide (PEC/PAAm) biofilms via e-beam irradiation-induced copolymerization and crosslinking. Initial optimization of polymer concentration and pectin/acrylamide ratio at 10 kGy irradiation led to biofilms with improved mechanical properties, reduced moisture content, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), and oxygen permeability (OP). Further investigation of irradiation dose at 25 wt% total polymer concentration and a 1:1 pectin/PAAm ratio revealed that 30 kGy irradiation optimally enhanced the biofilm's mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties. These results provide a foundation for future work in enhancing food shelf life using bioactive additives incorporated into optimized biofilms.
{"title":"Optimizing pectin-based biofilm properties for food packaging via E-beam irradiation","authors":"Raghda Sabry, Asmaa Sayed, Ibrahim E.T. El-Sayed, Ghada A. Mahmoud","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112474","url":null,"abstract":"The development of natural polymer-based biofilms with enhanced mechanical and barrier properties is of great interest for sustainable food packaging. This study explores the optimization of pectin/polyacrylamide (PEC/PAAm) biofilms via e-beam irradiation-induced copolymerization and crosslinking. Initial optimization of polymer concentration and pectin/acrylamide ratio at 10 kGy irradiation led to biofilms with improved mechanical properties, reduced moisture content, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), and oxygen permeability (OP). Further investigation of irradiation dose at 25 wt% total polymer concentration and a 1:1 pectin/PAAm ratio revealed that 30 kGy irradiation optimally enhanced the biofilm's mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties. These results provide a foundation for future work in enhancing food shelf life using bioactive additives incorporated into optimized biofilms.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142889196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112442
Kruthika K., Rumana Farheen S.M., Manjunatha H.C., Vidya Y.S., Sridhar K.N., Munirathnam R., Manjunatha S., Krishnaveni S.
The green synthesis approach underscores the potential for sustainable and environmentally friendly methods in the development of advanced materials. In this study, we explore the synthesis and characterization of a series of ternary nanocomposites (NCs) such as CaO/Bi2O3/CuO (CBCO), CaO/Bi2O3/NiO (CBNO) and CaO/Bi2O3/B2O3 (CBBO) using an innovative Aloe vera-mediated solution combustion method. The Bragg reflections confirms the formation of NCs. The hkl planes matches well with the hexagonal CaO, monoclinic Bi2O3 and CuO, cubic NiO and tetragonal B2O3. The crystallite size calculated from Scherrer’s method for CBCO, CBNO and CBBO were found to be 44, 18 and 37 nm respectively. The surface morphology of CBCO NCs consists agglomerated flaky shaped NPs along with hollows. Irregular, triangular and hexagonal morphology were observed in CBNO NCs. The transparent plate-like structure arranged one above the other along with large hollow are observed in CBBO NCs. 3.07, 3.05, and 2.84 eV for CBCO, CBNO, and CBBO NCs respectively. Key shielding parameters, including mass attenuation coefficients (μ/ρ), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), mean free path (λ), radiation protection efficiency (RPE), and energy buildup factor (EBF), were measured for CBCO, CBNO, and CBBO NCs. The results revealed that the CBCO NCs possess improved radiation shielding capabilities, suggesting their potential as effective materials for radiation protection applications.
{"title":"Aloe vera mediated calcium and bismuth oxide-based nanocomposites for gamma radiation shielding applications","authors":"Kruthika K., Rumana Farheen S.M., Manjunatha H.C., Vidya Y.S., Sridhar K.N., Munirathnam R., Manjunatha S., Krishnaveni S.","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112442","url":null,"abstract":"The green synthesis approach underscores the potential for sustainable and environmentally friendly methods in the development of advanced materials. In this study, we explore the synthesis and characterization of a series of ternary nanocomposites (NCs) such as CaO/Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>/CuO (CBCO), CaO/Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>/NiO (CBNO) and CaO/Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>/B<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> (CBBO) using an innovative Aloe vera-mediated solution combustion method. The Bragg reflections confirms the formation of NCs. The hkl planes matches well with the hexagonal CaO, monoclinic Bi<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf> and CuO, cubic NiO and tetragonal B<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>. The crystallite size calculated from Scherrer’s method for CBCO, CBNO and CBBO were found to be 44, 18 and 37 nm respectively. The surface morphology of CBCO NCs consists agglomerated flaky shaped NPs along with hollows. Irregular, triangular and hexagonal morphology were observed in CBNO NCs. The transparent plate-like structure arranged one above the other along with large hollow are observed in CBBO NCs. 3.07, 3.05, and 2.84 eV for CBCO, CBNO, and CBBO NCs respectively. Key shielding parameters, including mass attenuation coefficients <mml:math altimg=\"si1.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>μ</mml:mi><mml:mo>/</mml:mo><mml:mi>ρ</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), mean free path <mml:math altimg=\"si2.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:mrow><mml:mo>(</mml:mo><mml:mi>λ</mml:mi><mml:mo>)</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:math>, radiation protection efficiency (RPE), and energy buildup factor (EBF), were measured for CBCO, CBNO, and CBBO NCs. The results revealed that the CBCO NCs possess improved radiation shielding capabilities, suggesting their potential as effective materials for radiation protection applications.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"81 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112483
W. Rittisut, P. Manyum, N. Wantana, Y. Ruangtaweep, K. Kirdsiri, S. Rujirawat, K. Kamonsuangkasem, R. Yimnirun, A. Prasatkhetragarn, N. Intachai, S. Kothan, H.J. Kim, J. Kaewkhao
This study focuses on the preparation and characterization of dysprosium (Dy³⁺)-doped borosilicate glass, using degraded silica gel (DSG) as a network former instead of high-purity silica. The glasses were synthesized using the melt quenching method at 1200 °C and the chemical formula (69-X)B2O3–18Li2O–12BaO–XDSG-1.0Dy2O3, where X represents the concentration of degraded silica gel. The resulting glasses absorbed photons across ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared wavelengths. The optimal DSG concentration for maximum photoluminescence was determined to be 10 mol%, which produced a color-correlated temperature (CCT) range of 4077–4649 K, exceeding the warm CCT threshold of 4000 K. The CIE color coordinate chart suggests that these samples are suitable for laser and white-light applications. The I–H model (with S = 6) confirmed dipole–dipole interactions during the energy transfer between Dy³⁺ ions. The glasses exhibited lifetimes in the millisecond range. Additionally, we prepared glass samples with varying Dy₂O₃ content in a suitable host (10Silicagel XDy glasses), maintaining the optimal DSG concentration at 10 mol%. The photoluminescence showed clear emission characteristics of Dy³⁺, closely resembling the radioluminescence spectra. Under excitation at λEx = 387 nm, the developed glass exhibited two strong emission peaks at 576 nm (4F9/2 → 6H13/2) and 484 nm (4F9/2 → 6H15/2). The results showed that the glass doped with 1.0 mol% Dy₂O₃ had the highest emission intensity, confirming that degraded silica gel is a promising alternative to high-purity SiO₂ for producing efficient, luminescent, and environmentally friendly white-light optical materials.
{"title":"Green chemistry preparation and characterization of borosilicate glass doped with dysprosium using degraded silica gel for white-light emission","authors":"W. Rittisut, P. Manyum, N. Wantana, Y. Ruangtaweep, K. Kirdsiri, S. Rujirawat, K. Kamonsuangkasem, R. Yimnirun, A. Prasatkhetragarn, N. Intachai, S. Kothan, H.J. Kim, J. Kaewkhao","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112483","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the preparation and characterization of dysprosium (Dy³⁺)-doped borosilicate glass, using degraded silica gel (DSG) as a network former instead of high-purity silica. The glasses were synthesized using the melt quenching method at 1200 °C and the chemical formula (69-X)B<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>–18Li<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O–12BaO–XDSG-1.0Dy<ce:inf loc=\"post\">2</ce:inf>O<ce:inf loc=\"post\">3</ce:inf>, where X represents the concentration of degraded silica gel. The resulting glasses absorbed photons across ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared wavelengths. The optimal DSG concentration for maximum photoluminescence was determined to be 10 mol%, which produced a color-correlated temperature (CCT) range of 4077–4649 K, exceeding the warm CCT threshold of 4000 K. The CIE color coordinate chart suggests that these samples are suitable for laser and white-light applications. The I–H model (with S = 6) confirmed dipole–dipole interactions during the energy transfer between Dy³⁺ ions. The glasses exhibited lifetimes in the millisecond range. Additionally, we prepared glass samples with varying Dy₂O₃ content in a suitable host (10Silicagel XDy glasses), maintaining the optimal DSG concentration at 10 mol%. The photoluminescence showed clear emission characteristics of Dy³⁺, closely resembling the radioluminescence spectra. Under excitation at λ<ce:inf loc=\"post\">Ex</ce:inf> = 387 nm, the developed glass exhibited two strong emission peaks at 576 nm (<ce:sup loc=\"post\">4</ce:sup>F<ce:inf loc=\"post\">9/2</ce:inf> → <ce:sup loc=\"post\">6</ce:sup>H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">13/2</ce:inf>) and 484 nm (<ce:sup loc=\"post\">4</ce:sup>F<ce:inf loc=\"post\">9/2</ce:inf> → <ce:sup loc=\"post\">6</ce:sup>H<ce:inf loc=\"post\">15/2</ce:inf>). The results showed that the glass doped with 1.0 mol% Dy₂O₃ had the highest emission intensity, confirming that degraded silica gel is a promising alternative to high-purity SiO₂ for producing efficient, luminescent, and environmentally friendly white-light optical materials.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112469
Shuchen Wang, Zhenlin Jia, Desheng Xue, Baotian Pan
EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) spectra of quartz samples, γ-irradiated with varying absorbed doses (0–8000 Gy), were measured at different temperature levels (294–94 K). The temperature dependence of the E1′, Ge, peroxy, Al, and Ti centers was systematically investigated, and a phenomenological model was developed to theoretically explain the temperature saturation phenomenon. The experimental results indicated that the temperature dependence of different paramagnetic centers varies, primarily due to differences in the spin-lattice relaxation processes. Under the limited experimental conditions and temperature range, reliable conclusions regarding the temperature dependence of equivalent dose (DE) could not be drawn. The simulation results demonstrated that DE values obtained at higher temperatures are closer to intrinsic one, while those obtained in the temperature saturation region are questionable. Additionally, measurement recommendations to avoid signal interference were provided by comparing spectra at different temperatures and power levels. In the context of inconsistent spin-lattice relaxation times (T1) among the series aliquots, a more precise characterization of the temperature dependence of T1 is essential for further enhancing dating reliability and presents a challenge for relative quantitative EPR.
{"title":"Temperature-dependent EPR characteristics of quartz paramagnetic centers: Some insights for dating purposes","authors":"Shuchen Wang, Zhenlin Jia, Desheng Xue, Baotian Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112469","url":null,"abstract":"EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) spectra of quartz samples, <mml:math altimg=\"si203.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:mi>γ</mml:mi></mml:math>-irradiated with varying absorbed doses (0–8000 Gy), were measured at different temperature levels (294–94 K). The temperature dependence of the <mml:math altimg=\"si50.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:msup><mml:mrow><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">E</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mo>′</mml:mo></mml:mrow></mml:msup></mml:math>, Ge, peroxy, Al, and Ti centers was systematically investigated, and a phenomenological model was developed to theoretically explain the temperature saturation phenomenon. The experimental results indicated that the temperature dependence of different paramagnetic centers varies, primarily due to differences in the spin-lattice relaxation processes. Under the limited experimental conditions and temperature range, reliable conclusions regarding the temperature dependence of equivalent dose (<mml:math altimg=\"si75.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>D</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">E</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>) could not be drawn. The simulation results demonstrated that <mml:math altimg=\"si75.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>D</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">E</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math> values obtained at higher temperatures are closer to intrinsic one, while those obtained in the temperature saturation region are questionable. Additionally, measurement recommendations to avoid signal interference were provided by comparing spectra at different temperatures and power levels. In the context of inconsistent spin-lattice relaxation times (<mml:math altimg=\"si134.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math>) among the series aliquots, a more precise characterization of the temperature dependence of <mml:math altimg=\"si134.svg\" display=\"inline\"><mml:msub><mml:mrow><mml:mi>T</mml:mi></mml:mrow><mml:mrow><mml:mn>1</mml:mn></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:math> is essential for further enhancing dating reliability and presents a challenge for relative quantitative EPR.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112476
Leandro Barbosa da Silva, Carlos Omar Pastrana Orejuela, Lucas Faria da Silva, Jonathan Oliveira dos Santos, Rafael Lima Rodrigues, Alexander Camargo Firmino da Silva, Jardel Lemos Thalhofer, Ademir Xavier da Silva
A set of 8 groups with 239 samples of a total of 49 types of different materials representative of the most commonly used construction materials in low-income dwellings in Brazil was collected from construction materials stores in the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). The radiometric analysis of the NORMs radionuclides (226Ra, 235U, 232Th, and 40K) in the samples was performed by gamma radiation spectrometry. The results of the specific concentrations of the gamma-ray spectra in the area under investigation using a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector with 30% efficiency were 26.0 ± 1.1, 25.3 ± 0.4, and 223 ± 14 Bq kg−1 for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K, respectively. The average values are below the world limit of 50, 50, and 500 Bq kg-1 for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K, respectively. Only the granite, marble, and quartz samples showed measurable values of 235U, and it was below 5 Bq kg−1. The hazard index for gamma radiation due to the use of Brazilian construction materials (IBRA) was formulated. The average IBRA value was 0.23 ± 0.01. The highest average values above 1 in the IBRA were found in sand, bricks, and gravel, due to the high background of the locations where their raw materials were extracted. Most samples presented an effective dose below the permissible limit value of 1.0 mSv y−1. In general, the materials analyzed in this study can be used in dwelling construction without great radiological risk to the health of the inhabitants.
{"title":"Radiometric analysis and implementation of a new hazard index (IBRA) for Brazilian construction materials","authors":"Leandro Barbosa da Silva, Carlos Omar Pastrana Orejuela, Lucas Faria da Silva, Jonathan Oliveira dos Santos, Rafael Lima Rodrigues, Alexander Camargo Firmino da Silva, Jardel Lemos Thalhofer, Ademir Xavier da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112476","url":null,"abstract":"A set of 8 groups with 239 samples of a total of 49 types of different materials representative of the most commonly used construction materials in low-income dwellings in Brazil was collected from construction materials stores in the state of Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). The radiometric analysis of the NORMs radionuclides (<ce:sup loc=\"post\">226</ce:sup>Ra, <ce:sup loc=\"post\">235</ce:sup>U, <ce:sup loc=\"post\">232</ce:sup>Th, and <ce:sup loc=\"post\">40</ce:sup>K) in the samples was performed by gamma radiation spectrometry. The results of the specific concentrations of the gamma-ray spectra in the area under investigation using a High Purity Germanium (HPGe) detector with 30% efficiency were 26.0 ± 1.1, 25.3 ± 0.4, and 223 ± 14 Bq kg<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup> for <ce:sup loc=\"post\">226</ce:sup>Ra, <ce:sup loc=\"post\">232</ce:sup>Th, and <ce:sup loc=\"post\">40</ce:sup>K, respectively. The average values are below the world limit of 50, 50, and 500 Bq kg-1 for <ce:sup loc=\"post\">226</ce:sup>Ra, <ce:sup loc=\"post\">232</ce:sup>Th, and <ce:sup loc=\"post\">40</ce:sup>K, respectively. Only the granite, marble, and quartz samples showed measurable values of <ce:sup loc=\"post\">235</ce:sup>U, and it was below 5 Bq kg<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>. The hazard index for gamma radiation due to the use of Brazilian construction materials (I<ce:inf loc=\"post\">BRA</ce:inf>) was formulated. The average I<ce:inf loc=\"post\">BRA</ce:inf> value was 0.23 ± 0.01. The highest average values above 1 in the I<ce:inf loc=\"post\">BRA</ce:inf> were found in sand, bricks, and gravel, due to the high background of the locations where their raw materials were extracted. Most samples presented an effective dose below the permissible limit value of 1.0 mSv y<ce:sup loc=\"post\">−1</ce:sup>. In general, the materials analyzed in this study can be used in dwelling construction without great radiological risk to the health of the inhabitants.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112482
Aneta Maria Gójska
This study investigates the K-X-ray spectra of Ag–Cu alloys using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence and Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence spectrometers. The research focuses on the detection limits of silver and copper, induced by a Rhodium X-ray tube, and explores the dependence of these limits on the sample matrix. Various detection limits, such as the Lower Limit of Detection, Instrumental Limit of Detection, Minimum Detectable Limit, Limit of Detection, and Limit of Quantification, are defined and compared. Different Ag–Cu alloys with varying compositions were analyzed, with results indicating that detection limits are significantly influenced by the matrix composition. Calibration lines for silver and copper were established, showing strong linearity for silver and a cubic fit for copper. The validation process, which included accuracy and recovery assessments, confirmed the reliability and precision of the analytical methods used. This study provides valuable insights into the spectroscopic analysis of Ag–Cu alloys, offering a detailed examination of detection limits and validation procedures, which can inform future research and practical applications in related fields.
{"title":"Validation of analytical methods and detection limits in spectroscopic measurements of Ag–Cu alloys","authors":"Aneta Maria Gójska","doi":"10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2024.112482","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the K-X-ray spectra of Ag–Cu alloys using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence and Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence spectrometers. The research focuses on the detection limits of silver and copper, induced by a Rhodium X-ray tube, and explores the dependence of these limits on the sample matrix. Various detection limits, such as the Lower Limit of Detection, Instrumental Limit of Detection, Minimum Detectable Limit, Limit of Detection, and Limit of Quantification, are defined and compared. Different Ag–Cu alloys with varying compositions were analyzed, with results indicating that detection limits are significantly influenced by the matrix composition. Calibration lines for silver and copper were established, showing strong linearity for silver and a cubic fit for copper. The validation process, which included accuracy and recovery assessments, confirmed the reliability and precision of the analytical methods used. This study provides valuable insights into the spectroscopic analysis of Ag–Cu alloys, offering a detailed examination of detection limits and validation procedures, which can inform future research and practical applications in related fields.","PeriodicalId":20861,"journal":{"name":"Radiation Physics and Chemistry","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142867714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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