Psychiatria polska最新文献

Objectives: The aim of this exploratory study is to evaluate whether implicit motor learning impairments observed in schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are associated with the resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) within large-scale functional networks.

Methods: The study involved 30 BD patients, 30 SZ patients and 30 healthy controls (HC). Implicit motor learning was evaluated with the use of serial reaction time task (SRTT). Prior to the training patients underwent resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) examination. We have measured rs-FC within salience network (SAN), default mode network (DMN), frontoparietal network (FPN), sensorimotor network (SMN), limbic network (LN) and visual network (VIN) and their associations with implicit motor learning indices.

Results: rs-FC within SAN, DMN, FPN, SMN, LN and VIN reveal no significant association with implicit motor learning indices. BD, SZ and HC groups did not differ in terms of rs-FC within abovementioned networks.

Conclusions: We have shown that in the studied groups SRTT performance could not be predicted by rs-FC within the major large-scale functional networks, i.e., SMN, FPN, VIN, LN, SAN and DMN. The observation of the independence of implicit motor learning from the initial activity of these systems is important for proper understanding of neuronal underpinnings of this process and planning further neuroimaging research on this topic.

Depressive symptoms are increasingly observed in people with somatic diseases, while depression increases the likelihood of coronary heart disease and has a negative impact on its course. Due to the widespread use of beta-blockers in cardiovascular diseases and the increased likelihood of depressive symptoms in this group of patients, the impact of the use of beta-blockers on the frequency of induction or severity of depressive symptoms was analyzed. The focus was primarily on the central effect of beta blockers on mood, but the effect of their peripheral action was also taken into account. The issue was examined based on the most commonly used medications. More lipophilic substances penetrate the central nervous system to a greater extent, usually leading to a higher incidence of depressive symptoms; however, this effect can vary depending on the study cited. It was noted that carvedilol, bisoprolol and propranolol did not induce depressive symptoms, unlike metoprolol, which in most studies showed a positive effect on the development or worsening of depressive symptoms. Based on the analysis of medical data, it was concluded that beta-blockers have no significant effect on the induction of depressive symptoms or this effect is clinically insignificant, and selected groups of these drugs may prevent the induction of depression or reduce its symptoms. Moreover, a positive effect of beta-blockers on reducing the level of anxiety was noted, and it was emphasized that they may cause both fatigue and sleep disorders in patients using them.

The primary objective of the National Mental Health Program (NPOZP) is to provide people with mental disorders, including addicts and those experiencing a mental crisis, with comprehensive and comprehensive care and support appropriate to their needs. The implementation of this objective in the area of psychiatric care for adults is to be achieved, among others, by popularizing an integrated and comprehensive model of mental health care based on the model of community care. A key element of the future mental health care system should be a network of community mental health centers. The presented document contains recommendations regarding statutory changes related to the community reform of the mental health care system in Poland. It is presented in the form of a checklist facilitating the assessment of progress or lack of progress in the scope of the proposed changes. The following are presented in turn: general issues, organization of mental health centers, principles of assessing the quality of care, provincial plans for the areas of operation of mental health centers, the method of concluding agreements and principles of financing mental health centers in the form of a lump sum per population. The presented recommendations express the position of pro-reform social movements gathered around the Mental Health Congress and the Agreement for the NPOZP.

Objectives: The subject of the study was to assess the therapeutic value of the author's health education programme developed for a group of patients of forensic psychiatry wards conducted in a group of patients long-term isolated from their natural environment. The main goal of the study was to answer the question of whether health education conducted in forensic psychiatry wards is effective and what value it represents in the process of treatment and rehabilitation of patients in forensic psychiatry wards.

Methods: The study was conducted at the State Hospital for the Nervous and Mentally Ill in Rybnik in the forensic psychiatry wards from December 2019 to May 2020. During the study, patients gained knowledge in the field of broad health education. The study group consisted of 67 men between the ages of 22 and 73 with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The method of measuring twice (before the health education cycle and after its completion) was applied using a proprietary questionnaire of patients' knowledge from the applied educational programme.

Results: After the implementation of the health education programme, there was a significant improvement in patients' knowledge.

Conclusions: Educational activities carried out among patients of forensic psychiatry departments effectively increase their knowledge level.

The paper aims to present the relationship between sensory processing disorder (SPD) and psychiatric disorders, the resulting practical implications, and possible future research directions. Previous research has shown a significant relationship between SPD and a wide range of disorders, from the autism spectrum to affective and anxiety disorders and schizophrenia. Assessing SPD according to Winnie Dunn's Four Quadrant Model, identifies 4 types of sensory processing: Low Registration, Sensation Seeking, Sensory Sensitivity, and Sensation Avoiding. The model allows analysis of the functioning of people with psychiatric disorders, highlighting the importance of diagnosis and sensory therapy as an important component of support in psychiatric treatment. Understanding these relationships is essential for developing more effective therapeutic strategies that take into account the specificity of sensory processing in people with psychiatric disorders. The article highlights the potential benefits of using sensory therapy as an adjunct to traditional treatments and also underscores the need for further research to better understand the complexity of the relationship between SPD and psychiatric disorders, which could help improve patients' quality of life.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the perceived impact of caregiving for persons with Angelman Syndrome (AS) on the health of family caregivers and the extent and costs of using psychological and psychiatric services.

Methods: An anonymous, computer-assisted online survey among 84 family caregivers was conducted in collaboration with the Foundation for Angelman Syndrome Therapeutics Poland.

Results: 86.9% of caregivers experienced a negative impact of long-term caregiving on their physical and mental health. Many parents neglected their own health needs, including undergoing medical examinations (81%), taking prescribed medications (41.7%), engaging in physical activity (81%), and maintaining healthy dietary habits (53.5%). 63.1% of parents reported seeking specialist consultations or participating in health-related interventions, while 33.3% used professional psychological and psychiatric care, including pharmacotherapy (15.5%). A correlation was observed between the use of psychological and psychiatric ser- vices and both the age of the individual with AS and the occurrence of epileptic seizures in the past year. Most of the costs of the parents' psychological and psychiatric care incurred in 2024 were covered by private funds. While the total expenditure for such care amounted to 32,604.50 Euros, 96.2% of this sum was paid exclusively out of pocket.

Conclusions: To alleviate caregiver stress and burden, there is an urgent need to develop effective interventions and emotional support systems for caregivers. It is necessary to adopt a comprehensive approach to the mental health of families of individuals with AS, incorporating professional psychological and psychiatric care. Additionally, adjustments in the reimburse ment system for psychiatric services provided to caregivers are needed.

Objectives: The initiation of reimbursement for intermittently scanned continuous glucose monitoring (isCGM)/ continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for those 26 and older could greatly benefit people with type 1 diabetes (PwT1D). The aim of the study was to assess changes in quality of life, metabolic control, fear of hypoglycemia and selected psychological parameters after 3 months of implementation of the isCGM/CGM in PwT1D aged 26 and above.

Methods: The study involved 57 PwT1D from five diabetology centers. To be included in the study, each participant had to be at least 26 years old, have a minimum of two years of diabetes history. Participants completed a set of validated questionnaires including the FSH-II, DDS, PSS10, DTSQs, WHO-5, PAID, DBQ, and a sociodemographic survey. They also downloaded pump/glucometer data and underwent HbA1c measurement at the beginning and again at the end of the study.

Results: PwT1D reported higher treatment satisfaction measured by DTSQs. Well-being assessment according to WHO-5 was also higher, and the level of diabetes burnout measured by DBQ, fear of hypoglycemia assessed by HFS-II significantly decreased. Diabetic distress measured by means of total score of DDS lowered. Participants scored also lower on PAID upon follow up. The HbA1c level after three months of using the CGM system was significantly lower.

Conclusions: The use of isCGM/CGM, even during relatively short observation, leads to improved quality of life, reduced fear of hypoglycemia and diabetes burnout, and lower HbA1c levels in PwT1D over the age of 26 who were naïve to this technology.

Objectives: The most common psychiatric disorders in cancer patients are anxiety disorders. These arise from negative experiences and personal traumas of the patient, the fear of developing cancer, the fear of death, and anxiety about painful examinations and procedures. This article aims to determine the occurrence and intensity of stress and anxiety in patients diagnosed with proliferative disease of the haematopoietic system and their sociodemographic correlates.

Methods: The study involved 100 patients diagnosed with proliferative disease of the haematopoietic system (acute leukaemia, chronic leukaemia, lymphoma, plasma cell myeloma, erythraemia). Participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and a questionnaire on sociodemographic variables and disease characteristics. Differences between patient results and tool validation group results were examined using one-sample Student's t-tests. Relationships between variables were determined using Spearman's rho and the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results: Patients with proliferative disease of the haematopoietic system exhibit higher levels of stress compared to the general population. Sociodemographic variables, such as marital status and occupational situations, had significant implications for stress intensity. The participants showed a moderate level of state anxiety and a lower inclination to react with fear compared to the tool normalisation group. As in the case of stress, the presence of loved ones, occupational situations and age significantly influenced the intensity of anxiety. The higher the stress among the participants, the higher their experienced anxiety.

Conclusions: Coping with cancer, i.e. fighting the disease, involves the search for emotional and instrumental support by affected individuals. Supportive environmental conditions such as stable family and professional situations are crucial for the psychological well-being of the participants.

It is estimated that approximately 1% to 3% of people in the world suffer from celiac disease, which mainly affects Caucasians. The HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 haplotypes present in the majority of the European population diagnosed with celiac disease are helpful in diagnosing the disease. The main symptom is chronic inflammation of the small intestine and atrophy of the intestinal villi, but neurological and psychopathological symptoms, such as depression or severe anxiety, may also occur. Numerous studies show that a gluten-free diet alleviates the psychological symptoms associated with celiac disease. However, strict dietary requirements often constitute a challenge for patients, changing their current lifestyle and limiting its comfort. In patients with celiac disease, increased symptoms of depression and anxiety are observed, and the duration of the disease affects the severity of the above symptoms. Currently, therapeutic benefits are attributed especially to a gluten-free diet, but recent scientific reports indicate a comparable clinical effect in patients using probiotics. The course of the disease is also influenced by the emotional support of the patient's family, causing a milder course of the disease. Caregivers of patients should pay special attention to the symptoms of anxiety and depression in their patients, because they are often unnoticed, which leads to an unfavourable course of the disease.

Objectives: Muscle dysmorphia is a disorder in which one incorrectly assesses one's body as too thin and insufficiently muscular. Data on dysmorphia in the female population are still limited. The aim of the study was to culturally adapt and validate the Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory (MDDI) by Hildebrandt et al. (2004) in the female population.

Methods: The study included 204 women aged 18 to 35 years. In addition to the MDDI, the following were used: (1) a personal questionnaire to control secondary variables (e.g. BMI, sexual orientation, self-rated health), (2) the Body Image Questionnaire (BIQ) to check the validity of the validated tool, and (3) a subscale of the KOMPAN questionnaire to operationalise the variable "physical activity".

Results: It was noted that there are intergroup differences in the intensity of muscle dysmorphia symptoms in the studied sample between women involved in moderate and high levels of leisure-time physical activity. It was proven that the higher the BMI value and the greater the difference between actual and expected body weight, the greater the intensity of muscle dysmorphia symptoms in the studied women.

Conclusions: The results of the study confirmed the three-factor structure of the MDDI-PL and demonstrated its satisfactory reliability both as a whole and in its separate subscales. MDDI-PL can be used as a screening tool, especially for examining women who engage in physical activity (including competitively).