Reactive & Functional Polymers最新文献_第7页

Building a potentially active NiFe2O4 embedded lignin framework for adsorption coupled photocatalytic degradation and fluorescence detection of doxorubicin and safranin-O 构建具有潜在活性的NiFe2O4包埋木质素框架用于吸附耦合光催化降解和荧光检测阿霉素和红花素o

IF 5.1 3区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Reactive & Functional Polymers

Pub Date : 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106589

Nidhi , Deepika Sharma , Minakshi , Simranjit Kaur , Sandeep Bansal , Paramdeep Kaur , Sonal Singhal

Population expansion and industrial expansion have intensified water consumption, which consequently contributes to water contamination. To tackle this challenge, binary sustainable materials, namely lignin‑nickel ferrite (LNF) composites, were fabricated via a simple hydrothermal route and innovatively explored for their dual role in photodegradation and fluorescence sensing applications. Integrating lignin with photocatalytic ferrite particles not only improves the catalytic efficiency of nickel ferrite, but also extends its applicability towards fluorescence-based pollutant detection. Detailed characterizations, including XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, XPS, BET, VSM, UV-DRS analyses, were carried out to investigate the structural, morphological and optical properties of the devised composites. Compared with pristine nickel ferrite, LNF composites revealed markedly improved catalytic removal efficiency, attributable to synergistic adsorption ensued from the lignin counterpart. Among them, the LNF2 composite, with the highest lignin loading, displayed best efficacy, achieving removal of 94 % (180 min) for doxorubicin (DOX) and 98 % (90 min) for safranin-O (SO). Moreover, LNF2 was successfully deployed as fluorescent sensor, enabling sensitive detection of DOX and SO in aqueous samples with detection limits of 1.422 μM and 1.273 μM, respectively. Real sample analysis further substantiated the feasibility of LNF composites for diverse environmental samples. Overall, the present study elicits fresh insights into the formulation of efficient and sustainable bifunctional materials for simultaneous removal and detection of pollutants.

人口扩张和工业扩张加剧了水的消耗，从而导致水污染。为了解决这一挑战，通过简单的水热方法制备了二元可持续材料，即木质素-镍铁氧体（LNF）复合材料，并创新地探索了其在光降解和荧光传感应用中的双重作用。将木质素与光催化铁氧体颗粒结合，不仅提高了镍铁氧体的催化效率，而且扩大了其在基于荧光的污染物检测中的适用性。采用XRD、FT-IR、FE-SEM、HR-TEM、XPS、BET、VSM、UV-DRS等方法对复合材料的结构、形貌和光学性能进行了表征。与原始铁氧体镍相比，LNF复合材料的催化去除效率明显提高，这是由于木质素对其的协同吸附。其中，木质素负荷最高的LNF2复合材料效果最佳，对阿霉素（DOX）的去除率为94% (180 min)，对红花素- o （SO）的去除率为98% （90 min）。此外，LNF2作为荧光传感器成功部署，在水溶液中实现了DOX和SO的灵敏检测，检测限分别为1.422 μM和1.273 μM。实际样品分析进一步证实了LNF复合材料在不同环境样品中的可行性。总的来说，本研究为同时去除和检测污染物的高效和可持续双功能材料的配方提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Thiourea-based hybrid sPEEK membranes using a Sol-Gel approach: Elaboration of stabilized hybrid sPEEK membranes 采用溶胶-凝胶方法的硫脲基混合sPEEK膜：稳定混合sPEEK膜的细化

IF 5.1 3区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Reactive & Functional Polymers

Pub Date : 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106588

E. Ferri , C. Tougne , M. Daoudi , F. Gouanvé , O. Gain , L. Gonon , V.H. Mareau , H. Mendil-Jakani , A. El Kaddouri , J.C. Perrin , J. Dillet , O. Lottin , C.C. Santini , E. Espuche , V. Dufaud

Chemically stabilized hybrid membranes derived from sulfonated Poly (Ether Ether Ketone) membrane (sPEEK) have been developed for fuel cell applications. The synthesis is based on Sol Gel (SG) chemistry involving the in situ growth of a reactive SG phase containing antioxidant thiourea functions, namely N,N′-bis[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl]thiourea (HTU) and N-phenyl,N′[3-(triethoxysilyl)propyl] thiourea (TTU) for SG uptake up to 20 wt%. Well-nanostructured sPEEK membranes with intact thiourea functional groups and a SG phase highly condensed (up to 85 %) and homogeneously dispersed are obtained. Despite the incorporation of the reactive silicate phase, the functional properties of the membrane electrolyte - namely thermal stability, water uptake, gas permeability, and ionic conductivity - are retained. Accelerated ageing tests in H₂O₂ solution demonstrate the ability of the sol-gel (SG) phase to mitigate oxidative degradation, thereby significantly enhancing membrane durability.

由磺化聚醚醚酮膜（sPEEK）衍生的化学稳定杂化膜已被开发用于燃料电池。该合成基于溶胶-凝胶（SG）化学，涉及含有抗氧化硫脲功能的反应性SG相的原位生长，即N，N ' -双[3-（三乙基氧基硅基）丙基]硫脲（HTU）和N-苯基，N '[3-（三乙基氧基）丙基]硫脲（TTU）， SG吸收率高达20%。获得了具有完整硫脲官能团和SG相高度凝聚（高达85%）和均匀分散的纳米结构良好的sPEEK膜。尽管加入了活性硅酸盐相，膜电解质的功能特性——即热稳定性、吸水性、气体渗透性和离子电导率——仍被保留。在h2o2溶液中的加速老化试验证明了溶胶-凝胶（SG）相减轻氧化降解的能力，从而显着提高了膜的耐久性。

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引用次数: 0

Biogenic carrageenan-silver nanocomposite based on Argemone maxicana for efficient photocatalytic degradation of ciprofloxacin in contaminated water 生物源卡拉胶-银纳米复合材料对污染水中环丙沙星的高效光催化降解研究

IF 5.1 3区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Reactive & Functional Polymers

Pub Date : 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106587

Shilpa Kumari , Seema Kumari , Asha Kumari , Neha Kondal , Rahul Sharma

Herein, we demonstrate an eco-friendly sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and silver-carrageenan nanocomposites (Ag-Carr NCs) by a green approach, using leaf extract of Argemone mexicana. The ubiquitous presence of pharmaceutical pollutants, especially antibiotic e.g. Ciprofloxacin (CIP), in water environment is now a serious environmental issue, because the ability of long persistence and the detrimental effects on the living organism and human health in the aquatic system. In this study, we report a green photocatalyst for efficient CIP decomposing in the contaminated water. Carrageenan, biodegradable and biocompatible biomaterial, has been employed as a capping layer for silver nanoparticles to improve their stability, dispersibility, and photocatalytic activity. The prepared NPs and NPs-C composites were analysed systematically with UV–Visible, XRD, FTIR, HRTEM, EDS, and XPS. Photocatalytic tests revealed that the as-prepared carrageenan-contained Ag nanocomposite presented excellent photocatalytic performance and removed 86.26 % CIP within 60 min under optimal conditions. Kinetic study suggested the effectiveness of the photocatalytic process; LC-MS was used to analyse the degradation intermediates before and after the reaction, which revealed the potential degradation pathway. This green nanocomposite not only provides an efficient support for removal of antibiotics, but also promotes the development of sustainable materials used for environmental remediation.

在此，我们展示了一种生态友好的可持续合成银纳米颗粒（AgNPs）和银-卡拉胶纳米复合材料（Ag-Carr NCs）的绿色方法，使用银银酮墨西哥叶提取物。水环境中普遍存在的药物污染物，特别是环丙沙星（CIP）等抗生素污染物，由于其长期存在的能力和对水生系统生物和人体健康的不利影响，已成为一个严重的环境问题。在本研究中，我们报道了一种绿色光催化剂，用于在污染水中高效分解CIP。卡拉胶是一种可生物降解和生物相容性的生物材料，被用作银纳米颗粒的封盖层，以提高其稳定性、分散性和光催化活性。采用uv -可见、XRD、FTIR、HRTEM、EDS、XPS对制备的NPs和NPs- c复合材料进行了系统分析。光催化实验表明，在最佳条件下，制备的含卡拉胶银纳米复合材料具有良好的光催化性能，在60 min内脱除了86.26%的CIP。动力学研究表明光催化过程是有效的；采用LC-MS对反应前后的降解中间体进行分析，揭示了潜在的降解途径。这种绿色纳米复合材料不仅为抗生素的去除提供了有效的支持，而且还促进了可持续环境修复材料的发展。

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引用次数: 0

Branched Fluoro-polyether copolymer for constructing polyvinyl chloride composites with reinforced antibiofouling performance 支链氟聚醚共聚物用于构建增强抗污性能的聚氯乙烯复合材料

IF 5.1 3区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Reactive & Functional Polymers

Pub Date : 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106586

Liang Yan , Bin Wang , Rongxu Zhao , Ze Yang , Xiaolu Wu , Lin Shi

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a widely used medical plastic, yet surface biofouling remains a critical limiting factor that affecting its application performance. Currently, immobilizing copolymers containing hydrophilic and fluorinated segments onto material surfaces via grafting or coating techniques has proven effective for constructing high-performance antifouling interfaces. However, the antifouling behavior of such copolymers in polymer blend, especially in PVC plastics, remains insufficiently elucidated. Herein, we designed and synthesized a series of novel branched copolymers with well-defined architectures comprising fluorinated cores and poly(ethylene glycol) peripheral segments, along with control polymers including poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(hexafluorobutyl acrylate). These polymers were blended with PVC to prepare composite films. UV–vis, DSC, TGA, SEM, tensile testing revealed that although the fluorinated core exhibits poor compatibility with PVC, the polyether segments can enhance the copolymer's compatibility with PVC. The composite films exhibited decent transparency, low T_g, good thermal stability, and superior mechanical properties. Antifouling characterization revealed that the synergistic effect between the fouling-resistant property of polyether segments and the fouling-release capability of fluorinated segments in the composite films lead to significantly enhanced antifouling performance. The optimal film exhibited 98 % inhibition of E. coli adhesion and platelet attachment, and minimal BSA adsorption.

聚氯乙烯（PVC）是一种应用广泛的医用塑料，但表面生物污染是影响其应用性能的关键限制因素。目前，通过接枝或涂层技术将含有亲水性和氟化段的共聚物固定在材料表面已被证明是构建高性能防污界面的有效方法。然而，这种共聚物在聚合物共混物中的防污行为，特别是在PVC塑料中的防污行为，仍然没有得到充分的阐明。在此，我们设计并合成了一系列具有明确结构的新型支链共聚物，包括氟化核心和聚（乙二醇）外围段，以及包括聚（乙二醇）和聚（六氟丙烯酸丁酯）在内的控制聚合物。这些聚合物与PVC混合制成复合薄膜。UV-vis， DSC， TGA， SEM，拉伸测试结果表明，氟化芯与PVC的相容性较差，聚醚段可以增强共聚物与PVC的相容性。复合膜具有良好的透明性、低Tg、良好的热稳定性和优异的力学性能。防污性能表征表明，复合膜中聚醚段的耐污性能与氟化段的脱污能力之间的协同作用显著提高了复合膜的防污性能。最佳膜对大肠杆菌粘附和血小板粘附的抑制率为98%，对牛血清白蛋白的吸附最小。

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引用次数: 0

Molecular-scale investigation of anisotropic actuation and hysteretic behavior in oriented PNIPAM hydrogels 定向PNIPAM水凝胶各向异性驱动和滞后行为的分子尺度研究

IF 5.1 3区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Reactive & Functional Polymers

Pub Date : 2025-11-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106585

Yuri Jeon, Joonmyung Choi

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) is a thermoresponsive hydrogel suitable for biomedical actuators because of its reversible behavior near body temperature. Fibrillation of PNIPAM hydrogels enhances design flexibility by enabling programmable deformation. In this study, we employ molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the mechanism by which the initial molecular orientation and water-induced microstructural evolution govern the macroscopic deformation behavior of PNIPAM hydrogels. The results reveal that the degree of the initial chain alignment plays a critical role in determining both the magnitude and direction of water-induced swelling. Water molecules preferentially diffuse between the aligned, pre-extended chains, causing amplified expansion perpendicular to the alignment. Interestingly, oriented PNIPAM exhibits sustained shrinkage along the alignment direction during initial hydration–dehydration cycles, leading to irreversible deformation hysteresis. According to dynamic structural analysis, this result can be attributed to the spatial constraints of the densely aligned polymer chains that restrict the free conformational transition of the chains. Repeated water absorption–release cycles promote microstructural reorganization, causing the deformation response to gradually converge from a hysteretic to a reversible form. These findings offer molecular insights into the shape-memory behavior of fibrillated PNIPAM hydrogels and establish a theoretical framework for designing actuators with tunable and reliable actuation performance.

聚n -异丙基丙烯酰胺（PNIPAM）是一种热响应性水凝胶，由于其在体温附近具有可逆性，适合用于生物医学驱动器。PNIPAM水凝胶的纤颤通过实现可编程变形来增强设计灵活性。在这项研究中，我们采用分子动力学模拟来研究PNIPAM水凝胶的初始分子取向和水诱导的微观结构演变控制宏观变形行为的机制。结果表明，初始链的排列程度对水致膨胀的大小和方向起着关键作用。水分子优先在排列的预延伸链之间扩散，导致垂直于排列的放大膨胀。有趣的是，在初始水化-脱水循环过程中，取向PNIPAM沿着取向方向持续收缩，导致不可逆的变形滞后。根据动态结构分析，这一结果可归因于密集排列的聚合物链的空间约束，限制了链的自由构象转变。反复的吸水-释放循环促进了微观结构的重组，使变形响应从滞后形式逐渐收敛到可逆形式。这些发现为纤维化PNIPAM水凝胶的形状记忆行为提供了分子视角，并为设计具有可调和可靠驱动性能的致动器建立了理论框架。

{"title":"Molecular-scale investigation of anisotropic actuation and hysteretic behavior in oriented PNIPAM hydrogels","authors":"Yuri Jeon, Joonmyung Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) is a thermoresponsive hydrogel suitable for biomedical actuators because of its reversible behavior near body temperature. Fibrillation of PNIPAM hydrogels enhances design flexibility by enabling programmable deformation. In this study, we employ molecular dynamics simulations to investigate the mechanism by which the initial molecular orientation and water-induced microstructural evolution govern the macroscopic deformation behavior of PNIPAM hydrogels. The results reveal that the degree of the initial chain alignment plays a critical role in determining both the magnitude and direction of water-induced swelling. Water molecules preferentially diffuse between the aligned, pre-extended chains, causing amplified expansion perpendicular to the alignment. Interestingly, oriented PNIPAM exhibits sustained shrinkage along the alignment direction during initial hydration–dehydration cycles, leading to irreversible deformation hysteresis. According to dynamic structural analysis, this result can be attributed to the spatial constraints of the densely aligned polymer chains that restrict the free conformational transition of the chains. Repeated water absorption–release cycles promote microstructural reorganization, causing the deformation response to gradually converge from a hysteretic to a reversible form. These findings offer molecular insights into the shape-memory behavior of fibrillated PNIPAM hydrogels and establish a theoretical framework for designing actuators with tunable and reliable actuation performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20916,"journal":{"name":"Reactive & Functional Polymers","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 106585"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145681842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synthesis and characterization of effective ABS-PMDA-ES composites for the removal of malachite green from aqueous media ABS-PMDA-ES去除孔雀石绿复合材料的合成与表征

IF 5.1 3区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Reactive & Functional Polymers

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106583

Arya S. Raj, M. Loganathan, A. Murugesan

Post-consumed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) is a challenge tasks in the waste management system and discharge of synthetic dyes into water contributes severely to environment degradation. The motive of this research is to develop a sustainable and low-cost adsorbent by chemical functionalization of Recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (RABS) with pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and eggshell (ES) yielding ABS-PMDA-ES composite for effective removal of Malachite green (MG) dye from aqueous solution. The incorporation of PMDA (-COOH and -C=O) and ES (-OH, -NH₂, -CaO, -CO-NH-, -NO₂, -COOH and -C=O) significantly enhanced porosity and adsorption capacity of MG molecules. The surface and structural and thermal properties of the ABS-PMDA-ES were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM, BET, HRTEM-SEM and DSC analytic techniques. The adsorption parameters such as initial dye concentration (100 ppm), adsorbent dosage (60 mg), pH (6), contact time (120 min) and temperature (315 K) via batch adsorption process. The adsorption kinetics followed pseudo-second-order model with an R² value of 0.993, suggesting chemisorption mechanism. The adsorption isotherm was best fitted Freundlich model (R² = 0.997) confirming multilayer adsorption of MG onto ABS-PMDA-ES. Thermodynamic evaluations demonstrated that the adsorption process was both endothermic and spontaneous. The maximum adsorption capacity (q_e = 80.15 mg/g) for the adsorption of MG onto ABS-PMDA-ES was high compared to carbon nanotube/polyaniline composite (q_e = 13.95 mg/g), ferromagnetic gum grafted poly (n-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide/magnetic nanocomposite (q_e = 19.77 mg/g), and polysaccharide based magnetic gel (q_e = 17.46 mg/g). Overall, the research demonstrated ABS-PMDA-ES composite not only provides a sustainable solution for plastic waste valorization but also serves as an efficient, reusable and eco-friendly adsorbent for the removal of MG dye from wastewater.

丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（ABS）耗用后是废物处理系统中的一个难题，合成染料向水中排放会严重破坏环境。本研究的目的是通过将回收的丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯（RABS）与邻苯二甲酸二酐（PMDA）和蛋壳（ES）进行化学功能化，制备ABS-PMDA-ES复合材料，开发一种可持续的低成本吸附剂，以有效去除水中的孔雀石绿（MG）染料。PMDA （- cooh和- c =O）和ES （- oh, - nh2, - cao, - co - nh -, - no2， - cooh和- c =O）的掺入显著增强了MG分子的孔隙度和吸附能力。采用FTIR、XRD、SEM、BET、HRTEM-SEM和DSC等分析技术表征了ABS-PMDA-ES的表面、结构和热性能。对初始染料浓度（100 ppm）、吸附剂用量（60 mg）、pH(6)、接触时间（120 min）、温度（315 K）等吸附参数进行了间歇吸附。吸附动力学符合拟二级模型，R2值为0.993，表明吸附机理为化学吸附。吸附等温线最符合Freundlich模型（R2 = 0.997），证实MG在ABS-PMDA-ES上有多层吸附。热力学评价表明，吸附过程既吸热又自发。ABS-PMDA-ES对mg的最大吸附量（qe = 80.15 mg/g）高于碳纳米管/聚苯胺复合材料（qe = 13.95 mg/g）、铁磁胶接枝聚n-异丙基丙烯酰胺-共丙烯酰胺/磁性纳米复合材料（qe = 19.77 mg/g）和多糖基磁性凝胶（qe = 17.46 mg/g）。总体而言，研究表明ABS-PMDA-ES复合材料不仅为塑料废物的再生提供了可持续的解决方案，而且是一种高效、可重复使用和环保的吸附剂，可用于去除废水中的MG染料。

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引用次数: 0

Highly strong, tough and conductive hydrogels via the synergy of biomineralization, salting-out effect and nano-reinforcement with enhanced human motion sensing properties 高强度，坚韧和导电的水凝胶，通过生物矿化，盐析效应和纳米增强的协同作用，增强人体运动感应性能

IF 5.1 3区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Reactive & Functional Polymers

Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106578

Jinghan Shi , Zihua Gao , Dezhan Ye , Xing Qian , Yanhu Zhan , Xiancai Jiang

Conductive hydrogels have shown considerable potential for various applications in advanced flexible electronic systems and wearable devices. However, obtaining hydrogels that simultaneously possess robust mechanical characteristics and high conductivity remains challenging because of their structural weaknesses and functional constraints. To address this problem, we purposed a facile preparation method for PVA/CaCl₂/Graphite/Na₃Cit/Na₂CO₃ composite hydrogel leveraging the synergistic effect of biomineralization, salting-out effect and nano-reinforcement strategy. The fabrication process involved first preparation of a homogeneous mixture solution of PVA, glycerol, graphite, and CaCl₂ in deionized water. Then Na₂CO₃ solution was slowly added under stirring. The obtained composite solution was cast into molds and subjected to freeze-thaw cycles. Final treatment through immersion in Na₃Cit solution yielded the optimized PCGSN hydrogel. The fabricated PCGSN hydrogel demonstrated outstanding mechanical properties including tensile strength of 4.1 MPa, Young's modulus of 1.2 MPa, and toughness reaching 13.30 MJ m⁻³, respectively. Moreover, the integration of graphite and salt ions enhanced the hydrogel's conductivity as high as 1.56 S/m. Through the combined influence of salting-out effect and glycerol incorporation, the hydrogen bond density within the hydrogel was significantly improved, leading to remarkable self-healing performance (with a healing efficiency exceeding 85 %). When implemented as strain sensors, PCGSN-based devices showed outstanding responsiveness (GF = 1.27) across a broad detection range (1–300 % strain), enabling precise tracking of both gross motor activities (joint movements) and fine physiological signals (facial expressions). This work provides a new insight into the preparation of strong and tough hydrogel based on biomineralization, salting-out effect and nano-reinforcement strategy.

导电水凝胶在先进的柔性电子系统和可穿戴设备的各种应用中显示出相当大的潜力。然而，由于其结构弱点和功能限制，获得同时具有强大机械特性和高导电性的水凝胶仍然具有挑战性。为了解决这一问题，我们利用生物矿化、盐析效应和纳米增强策略的协同作用，设计了一种简便的PVA/CaCl2/石墨/Na3Cit/Na2CO3复合水凝胶制备方法。制造过程包括首先在去离子水中制备PVA、甘油、石墨和CaCl2的均匀混合溶液。然后在搅拌下缓慢加入Na2CO3溶液。将得到的复合溶液浇铸到模具中，进行冻融循环。最后在Na3Cit溶液中浸泡，得到优化后的PCGSN水凝胶。制备的PCGSN水凝胶具有优异的力学性能，抗拉强度为4.1 MPa，杨氏模量为1.2 MPa，韧性达到13.30 MJ m−3。此外，石墨和盐离子的结合使水凝胶的电导率达到1.56 S/m。在盐析作用和甘油掺入的共同作用下，水凝胶内部氢键密度显著提高，自愈性能显著（自愈率超过85%）。当作为应变传感器实施时，基于pcgsn的设备在宽检测范围（1 - 300%应变）内表现出出色的响应性（GF = 1.27），能够精确跟踪大运动活动（关节运动）和精细生理信号（面部表情）。本研究为基于生物矿化、盐析效应和纳米增强策略制备强韧性水凝胶提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Efficient synthesis of PMMA in green solvents of choline chloride and glycerol-based deep eutectic solvents 在氯化胆碱和甘油基深共晶绿色溶剂中高效合成PMMA

IF 5.1 3区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Reactive & Functional Polymers

Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106581

Rawda Maen Sunoqrot , Putri Nur Amelina Muhammad Shamsudin Ng , Amjad Abedelqader , Hesham Ali Metwally Ali El-enshasy , Mohamad Hamdi Zainal Abidin , Chen Qian , Naharullah Jamaluddin

Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is a widely utilized thermoplastic in electronic applications, packaging, and biomedical devices. However, conventional PMMA is synthesized in volatile organic solvents such as toluene, significantly impacting the environment. This issue needs an urgent alternative to minimize the toxicity of organic solvents. Herein, this study reports the synthesis of PMMA in choline chloride and Glycerol-based DES (ChCl/Gly DES) via free radical polymerization (FRP), as there is significantly less work done using fashionable and environmentally friendly DESs in the synthesis of PMMA. This DES enhances the polymerization performance through stabilizing the monomer and initiator via hydrogen bonding. A 50:50 wt% ratio of MMA to DES with 0.5 wt% APS at 60 °C for 6 h yielded the highest monomer conversion of 99.5 %. A comprehensive characterization using ¹H NMR, FTIR, DSC, TGA, and GPC was conducted to evaluate the polymer performance. Results revealed a high molecular weight polymer of 246,518 g/mol with a notably high glass transition (T_g) of 123.2 °C. FTIR confirmed the hydrogen bonding formed between PMMA and DES, contributing to the high thermal stability and reduced brittleness. The involvement of DES lowered activation energy (Ea = 23.3 kJ/mol) compared to the conventional solvents, and exhibited a higher apparent rate constant (0.883 h⁻¹). These findings highlight ChCl/Gly DES as a green alternative to organic solvents and also its capability in producing an efficient PMMA-DES.

聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）是一种广泛应用于电子应用、包装和生物医学设备的热塑性塑料。然而，传统的PMMA是在甲苯等挥发性有机溶剂中合成的，对环境影响很大。这个问题迫切需要一个替代方案，以尽量减少有机溶剂的毒性。在此，本研究报告了在氯化胆碱和甘油基DES （ChCl/Gly DES）中通过自由基聚合（FRP）合成PMMA，因为使用时尚且环保的DES合成PMMA的工作要少得多。该DES通过氢键稳定单体和引发剂，提高了聚合性能。MMA与DES质量比为50:50，APS质量比为0.5 wt%，温度为60℃，反应时间为6 h，单体转化率最高，为99.5%。采用1H NMR、FTIR、DSC、TGA、GPC等手段对聚合物进行了综合表征。结果表明，聚合物的分子量为246,518 g/mol，玻璃化转变（Tg）温度高达123.2℃。FTIR证实了PMMA和DES之间形成的氢键，有助于高热稳定性和降低脆性。与传统溶剂相比，DES的加入降低了反应的活化能（Ea = 23.3 kJ/mol），并表现出较高的表观速率常数（0.883 h−1）。这些发现突出了ChCl/Gly DES作为有机溶剂的绿色替代品，以及它在生产高效PMMA-DES方面的能力。

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引用次数: 0

A novel conductive poly (sorbitol sebacate)/polyaniline film to promote cardiomyogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells under electrical stimulation 一种新型导电聚山梨糖醇脂酸/聚苯胺膜在电刺激下促进间充质干细胞的成心分化

IF 5.1 3区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Reactive & Functional Polymers

Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106582

Maryam Moghadam , Mohammad-Mehdi Khani , Fattah Sotoodehnejadnematalahi , Mohammad Tafazzoli-Shadpour

Following myocardial infarction (MI), excessive death of cardiomyocytes that cannot be appropriately replaced leads to considerable decreases in the reparative ability of the myocardium, thereby impairing cardiac performance. Developing electroconductive and durable cardiac patches as stem cell carrier substrates could provide functional therapeutic ability for MI hearts, including restraining the infarcted region to prevent ventricular dilatation and thinning, reforming the internal electrical connection to boost cell-cell communication, and delivering exogenous repair cells to the infarcted tissue to induce angiogenesis, release cytokines, and improve native cell survival, consequently promoting new myocardium formation. In this study, polyaniline (PANi) was doped with camphorsulfonic acid to form dPANi. Poly (sorbitol sebacate) (PSS) prepolymers were then synthesized and blended with different proportions of dPANi to fabricate electrically conductive thin films via the solvent casting method. Several experiments were conducted to determine the mechanical, physical, and biological properties of these composites. Our findings indicate that a film fabricated by uniform distribution of dPANi at a ratio of 3 % w/v into PSS networks (PP3%) exhibited durable tensile properties, acceptable conductivity, ideal wettability, gradual degradation behavior, and good interaction with human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs). Additionally, the individual and combined effects of scaffold material composition on the cardiomyogenic differentiation of HUC-MSCs in response to electrical stimulation were investigated by evaluating the expression levels of cardiac-related markers. PP3% alone could not induce cardiomyogenic differentiation; however, in response to electrical stimulation, cardiac-related markers were overexpressed at the transcriptional and protein levels compared to those cultured on PSS. These results suggest a potential conductive cardiac patch for MI repair.

心肌梗死（MI）后，心肌细胞过度死亡，不能得到适当的替换，导致心肌的修复能力显著下降，从而损害心脏功能。开发导电和耐用的心脏贴片作为干细胞载体基质可以为心肌梗死心脏提供功能性治疗能力，包括抑制梗死区域以防止心室扩张和变薄，改造内部电连接以促进细胞间通讯，以及将外源性修复细胞递送到梗死组织以诱导血管生成，释放细胞因子并提高天然细胞存活率。从而促进新心肌的形成。在本研究中，将聚苯胺（PANi）与樟脑磺酸掺杂形成dPANi。然后合成聚山梨醇癸二酸酯（PSS）预聚物，并与不同比例的聚苯胺共混，通过溶剂浇铸法制备导电薄膜。进行了几个实验来确定这些复合材料的机械、物理和生物性能。我们的研究结果表明，将dPANi以3% w/v的比例均匀分布到PSS网络（PP3%）中制备的膜具有持久的拉伸性能，可接受的导电性，理想的润湿性，逐渐降解行为以及与人脐带间充质干细胞（HUC-MSCs）良好的相互作用。此外，通过评估心脏相关标志物的表达水平，研究了支架材料组成对HUC-MSCs在电刺激下的成心分化的单独和联合影响。单独使用PP3%不能诱导心肌分化；然而，在对电刺激的反应中，与PSS培养的小鼠相比，心脏相关标志物在转录和蛋白质水平上过度表达。这些结果提示一种潜在的传导心脏贴片用于心肌梗死修复。

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引用次数: 0

Halogen and phosphorus-free sustainable bio-silica reinforced imidazole-based Polybenzoxazine/epoxy hybrid composites for low-dielectric and flame-retardant applications 无卤无磷可持续生物硅增强咪唑基聚苯并恶嗪/环氧杂化复合材料，用于低介电和阻燃应用

IF 5.1 3区工程技术 Q1 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Reactive & Functional Polymers

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2025.106580

Selvi M , Devaraju S , Alagar M

In pursuit of environmentally friendly materials for next-generation micro-electronics insulation applications, thermosetting hybrid networks were developed by integrating imidazole-cored benzoxazine (IMP-BZ) with fossil-based bisphenol-F epoxy (BFE) and bio-derived card-bisphenol epoxy (CBE) resins, reinforced with GPTMS-functionalized bio-silica (BS). The IMP-BZ monomer, containing a rigid, nitrogen-rich heterocyclic core, enhanced thermal stability and reduced dielectric response by increasing cross-link density and restricting molecular mobility. The incorporation of 20 wt% bio-silica further improved thermal endurance, flame retardant behaviour, and dielectric characteristics. The BFE-based hybrid (IMP-BZ/BFE) exhibited a decomposition temperature above 370 °C and a limiting oxygen index (LOI) exceeding 40 %, reflecting the influence of its aromatic backbone, whereas the CBE-based system offered a sustainable alternative with greater flexibility and improved char retention. Dielectric measurements indicated a decrease in dielectric constant to 2.80 and 2.63 for the IMP-BZ/BFE and IMP-BZ/CBE hybrids, respectively, while dielectric losses decreased from 0.0524 to 0.0135 and from 0.0415 to 0.0069 upon incorporation of bio-silica. These changes were attributed to the synergistic effects of the imidazole–benzoxazine core, low-polar silica domains, and the formation of a Si–O–Si network that limits dipole orientation and segmental motion. This study demonstrates the development of phosphorus- and halogen-free hybrid composites combining flame resistance, thermal stability, and low dielectric behaviour, suitable for advanced microelectronics insulation, and structural applications emphasizing both performance and sustainability.

为了追求下一代微电子绝缘应用的环保材料，热固性混合网络是通过将咪唑核苯并杂嗪（IMP-BZ）与化石基双酚-f环氧树脂（BFE）和生物衍生卡双酚环氧树脂（CBE）结合起来开发的，并用gptms功能化的生物二氧化硅（BS）增强。IMP-BZ单体含有刚性的富氮杂环核心，通过增加交联密度和限制分子迁移率来增强热稳定性和降低介电响应。20%生物二氧化硅的掺入进一步提高了耐热性、阻燃性能和介电特性。基于BFE的杂化体系（impp - bz /BFE）的分解温度在370℃以上，极限氧指数（LOI）超过40%，反映了其芳香骨架的影响，而基于cbe的体系具有更大的灵活性和更高的炭保留率。介电测量表明，掺入生物硅后，IMP-BZ/BFE和IMP-BZ/CBE杂化材料的介电常数分别降至2.80和2.63，介电损耗分别从0.0524和0.0415降至0.0135和0.0069。这些变化归因于咪唑-苯并恶嗪核心、低极性二氧化硅畴以及Si-O-Si网络的协同作用，该网络限制了偶极子取向和节段运动。这项研究展示了无磷和无卤混合复合材料的发展，结合了阻燃性、热稳定性和低介电性能，适用于先进的微电子绝缘，以及强调性能和可持续性的结构应用。

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引用次数: 0