Quaternary Science Reviews最新文献_第3页

Millennial-scale climatic and cultural impacts on vegetation and fire at the southern edge of the Rocky Mountains, USA 美国落基山脉南缘千年尺度气候和文化对植被和火灾的影响

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109821

Paul D. Henne , Susann Stolze , Natalie M. Kehrwald , Becky Brice , Craig D. Allen

Mountain forests and woodlands in semiarid regions of the world are threatened by climatic change and other human impacts. In the southwestern USA, climate and culturally driven changes to the structure and fire regimes of dry coniferous forests over recent centuries are well documented by tree-ring archives. However, the roles of climate and people as drivers of millennial-scale changes are less understood. We present a new record of vegetation dynamics and regional fire activity inferred from pollen, microscopic charcoal, and sediment geochemistry from Santa Fe Lake, NM (3532 m a.s.l.), the southernmost natural lake in the Rocky Mountains. Declining elemental intensities (e.g., Ti, Fe, Si) record local deglaciation after 14,000 cal yr BP followed by upslope expansion of trees indicated by increasing Pinus and Picea pollen percentages as the climate warmed during the Late Glacial. Cool, dry growing seasons probably limited the establishment of dense forests until after 12,200 cal yr BP when we hypothesize that Pinus ponderosa (ponderosa pine) expanded regionally (i.e., within 10–100 km) due to continued warming and a possible increase in monsoonal precipitation. Subalpine forests established near Santa Fe Lake by 10,300 cal yr BP as indicated by abundant conifer stomates and increasing Picea and Pinus aristata pollen percentages, which are highest after 5100 cal yr BP. Increasing Juniperus-type, Quercus, and Pinus edulis-type pollen record changes in vegetation belts at lower elevations after 10,300 cal yr BP. Maize pollen, an unambiguous indicator of Puebloan agriculture, first appears at 800 cal yr BP (1150 cal yr CE) and is present through 1600 cal yr CE when Spanish colonization brought cultural upheaval and population loss to local indigenous communities. Regional fire activity, inferred from microscopic charcoal influx, remained relatively constant for most of our record. However, average microscopic charcoal influx more than doubled relative to the rest of the Holocene during the last 2000 years, with the highest influx after 1550 cal yr BP (400 cal yr CE). The increased influx of microscopic charcoal coincides with archaeological evidence for dramatic regional population growth in the northern Rio Grande region and probably reflects extensive cultural burning associated with the development of an agricultural economy. Although climate was an important driver of vegetation change and fire regimes in the mountains of the southwestern USA during the Holocene, our results suggest that human impacts on regional burning during the last 2000 years far exceeded earlier climate-driven variation.

世界半干旱地区的山林和林地受到气候变化和其他人类影响的威胁。在美国西南部，近几个世纪以来，树木年轮档案很好地记录了气候和文化驱动的干燥针叶林结构和火灾制度的变化。然而，人们对气候和人类作为千年尺度变化驱动因素的作用知之甚少。本文利用落矶山脉最南端的天然湖泊圣达菲湖（3532 m a.s.l.）的花粉、微观木炭和沉积物地球化学资料，对植被动态和区域火灾活动进行了新的记录。元素强度（如Ti、Fe、Si）的下降记录了14000 calyr BP之后的局部冰川消退，随后随着晚冰期气候变暖，松树和云杉花粉百分比的增加表明树木的上坡扩张。凉爽干燥的生长季节可能限制了茂密森林的建立，直到12,200 calyr BP之后，我们假设由于持续变暖和季风降水可能增加，黄松（ponderosa）在区域内（即10-100公里内）扩张。圣达菲湖附近亚高山森林在10300 calyr BP形成，针叶林丰富，云杉和马斯托塔松花粉比例增加，在5100 calyr BP后最高。10300 calyr BP后，低海拔植被带中柏、栎、松花粉的增加记录了植被带的变化。玉米花粉是普韦布洛人农业的明确指标，最早出现在公元前800年（公元1150年），并一直存在到公元1600年，当时西班牙殖民给当地土著社区带来了文化动荡和人口损失。区域火灾活动，从微观木炭流入推断，在我们的大部分记录中保持相对恒定。然而，在过去的2000年里，相对于全新世的其他时间，平均微观木炭流入增加了一倍以上，在1550 cal yr BP （400 cal yr CE）之后流入最多。微观木炭的增加与北部里约热内卢Grande地区人口急剧增长的考古证据相吻合，可能反映了与农业经济发展有关的广泛的文化燃烧。尽管气候是全新世期间美国西南部山区植被变化和火灾状况的重要驱动因素，但我们的研究结果表明，过去2000年人类对区域燃烧的影响远远超过早期气候驱动的变化。

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引用次数: 0

Glacial chronology and topographic controls in the Tsambagarav Massif, western Mongolia: Insights from 10Be dating 蒙古西部Tsambagarav地块冰川年代学和地形控制：来自10Be测年的见解

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109817

Purevmaa Khandsuren , Yeong Bae Seong , Hyun Hee Rhee , Otgonbayar Demberel , Byung Yong Yu

The Tsambagarav Massif in the Mongolian Altai preserves a detailed record of glacial fluctuations from the Late Pleistocene to the present. Using geomorphological mapping, ¹⁰Be surface exposure dating, equilibrium line altitude (ELA) reconstructions, and geomorphometric analysis, we reconstruct the extent, timing, and dynamics of glacier advances across the massif. Our results indicate that the maximum glacial advance in the Ulaan Am (southwestern) Valley predated global Last Glacial Maximum (gLGM), occurring during MIS 3 (∼40 ka), with a subsequent readvance between ∼31 and 21 ka. In contrast, other glaciers, including the Tsagaan Seer (southwestern) and Yamaat (northern), reached their maximum positions broadly synchronous with the gLGM (∼26.5–19 ka). Furthermore, the Bituu Ereg (eastern) Valley records a significant Late Glacial expansion at ∼15.4 ka. Following these advances, glaciers retreated abruptly and the massif was completely deglaciated by the mid-Holocene thermal maximum. Glaciers subsequently reformed during the Neoglacial (∼6 ka) and responded sensitively to centennial-scale climate variability, including advances during the Little Ice Age (LIA) and rapid retreat under recent warming. Modern and Late Pleistocene ELAs exhibit a clear regional rise from the northwest toward the southeast across the Altai Mountains. The magnitude of Late Pleistocene ELA depressions follows the same orientation, reflecting an increased glacial sensitivity to climatic shifts in more arid environments. Throughout the massif, glacial distribution and magnitude have been consistently modulated by topographic controls rather than climate alone. Specifically, northern and eastern slopes supported the most extensive ice cover; northern glaciers were sustained by reduced solar radiation through topographic shading, while eastern glaciers were possibly driven by enhanced snow accumulation from westerly wind drift and the structural eastward tilt of the massif. These findings highlight the critical interplay between regional climate and local terrain in shaping glacial histories in arid high-mountain environments, contributing to a broader understanding of Quaternary glaciation across Central Asia.

蒙古阿尔泰的Tsambagarav地块保存了从晚更新世到现在的冰川波动的详细记录。通过地貌测绘、10Be地表暴露测年、平衡线高度（ELA）重建和地貌分析，我们重建了冰川在整个地块上移动的范围、时间和动态。我们的研究结果表明，乌兰安姆（西南）山谷的最大冰川推进早于全球末次冰川极大期（gLGM），发生在MIS 3 （~ 40 ka）期间，随后的冰川推进在~ 31 ~ 21 ka之间。相比之下，其他冰川，包括Tsagaan Seer（西南）和Yamaat（北部），其最大位置与gLGM大致同步（~ 26.5-19 ka）。此外，Bituu Ereg（东部）山谷在~ 15.4 ka记录了一次显著的晚冰期扩张。随着这些进展，冰川突然退缩，地块在全新世中期热极大期完全消冰。冰川随后在新冰期（~ 6 ka）进行了改造，并对百年尺度的气候变率做出了敏感的响应，包括小冰期（LIA）的推进和近期变暖下的快速退缩。现代和晚更新世ela在阿尔泰山脉表现出从西北向东南的明显区域上升。晚更新世ELA洼地的大小遵循相同的方向，反映了在更干旱的环境中冰川对气候变化的敏感性增加。在整个地块中，冰川的分布和规模一直是由地形控制而不是气候单独调节的。具体来说，北部和东部斜坡支撑着最广泛的冰盖；北部冰川的形成是由于地形遮阳导致的太阳辐射减弱，而东部冰川的形成则可能是由于西风漂移和山体向东倾斜导致的积雪增加。这些发现强调了区域气候和当地地形在干旱高山环境中形成冰川历史的关键相互作用，有助于更广泛地了解中亚第四纪冰川作用。

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引用次数: 0

Late glacial sedimentation in the Atchafalaya Basin of Louisiana and its link to overflow from glacial Lake Agassiz 路易斯安那州Atchafalaya盆地的晚冰期沉积及其与阿加西冰川湖溢流的联系

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109805

James T. Teller , Stephen R. Moran

Sediments in the lower Mississippi River Valley and delta contain a record of late-glacial events resulting from varying flows through the Mississippi River. The sedimentary sequence in >100 boreholes near Baton Rouge, Louisiana (the Plaquemine Site), was investigated to explore its possible relationship to large outflows from glacial Lake Agassiz--once the largest lake in the world--that lay along the margin of the melting Laurentide Ice Sheet of north-central North America. The lake's initial overflow during its Lockhart Phase, as well as runoff from the melting Laurentide Ice Sheet, contributed to a thick sequence of sandy fluvial sediment in the Atchafalaya Basin of Louisiana during the late Pleistocene, including at the Plaquemine Site. Lake Agassiz overflow switched its route away from the Mississippi River ∼12.9 to 11.4 cal yrs BP during its Moorhead Phase (coincident with the global Younger Dryas cooling), and lower flows led to weathering and erosion of the Pleistocene sands in the Atchafalaya Basin of Louisiana. Because of differential isostatic rebound and a readvance of the Laurentide Ice Sheet into the Lake Superior basin about 11.4 cal ka, overflow through the eastern outlets of Lake Agassiz was blocked, causing lake level to rise to the Campbell strandline and to overflow southward again into the Mississippi River during its Emerson Phase. This resulted in flooding of lowland areas of the Atchafalaya Basin and a sequence of lacustrine clays and organic zones to be deposited for more than 1400 years, interrupted by a short diversion of Lake Agassiz overflow around 10.9 cal ka that is reflected by weathering and peat deposition at the Plaquemine Site. Clay continued to be deposited at the Site even after Lake Agassiz overflow was re-routed into the Superior basin after 10.7 ka because that basin overflowed into the Mississippi River basin for another thousand years. The sedimentary record in the Atchafalaya Basin of Louisiana and in the Gulf of Mexico reflects the history of late-glacial overflow (and non-overflow) from Lake Agassiz during the early Holocene, and radiocarbon dates of those changes in the Atchafalaya Basin sequence correlate with those dated late-glacial phases of changing overflow from the lake.

密西西比河下游河谷和三角洲的沉积物包含了由密西西比河不同流量引起的晚冰期事件的记录。研究人员调查了路易斯安那州巴吞鲁日（普拉克明遗址）附近100个钻孔的沉积序列，以探索其与冰川湖（曾经是世界上最大的湖泊）大量流出物的可能关系，该湖位于北美中北部劳伦泰德冰盖融化的边缘。该湖在洛克哈特阶段的最初溢出，以及劳伦泰德冰盖融化的径流，在晚更新世期间在路易斯安那州的阿查法拉亚盆地形成了一层厚厚的沙质河流沉积物，包括在普拉克明遗址。在距今12.9至11.4万年的摩尔黑德阶段（与全球新仙女木时期的降温一致），阿加西湖的溢流改变了其从密西西比河流出的路线，而较低的流量导致了路易斯安那州Atchafalaya盆地更新世砂岩的风化和侵蚀。由于差异均衡反弹和劳伦泰德冰盖在11.4 cal ka左右向苏伯利尔湖盆地推进，阿加西斯湖东部出水口的溢流被阻塞，导致湖泊水位上升到坎贝尔海岸线，并在爱默生阶段再次向南溢流到密西西比河。这导致了Atchafalaya盆地低地地区的洪水泛滥，一系列湖泊粘土和有机带沉积了1400多年，被10.9 calka左右的阿加西湖溢流短暂转移所中断，这反映在Plaquemine遗址的风化和泥炭沉积上。即使阿加西斯湖的溢流在10.7万年后重新流入苏必利尔河盆地，黏土仍继续沉积在遗址上，因为该盆地又在1000年后流入密西西比河流域。路易斯安那州Atchafalaya盆地和墨西哥湾的沉积记录反映了全新世早期阿加西湖晚冰期溢流（和非溢流）的历史，Atchafalaya盆地层序中这些变化的放射性碳定年与阿加西湖溢流变化的晚冰期定年具有相关性。

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引用次数: 0

A 500-year cycle of demographic expansion and contraction in the lower Yangtze and adjacent coastal region during the Holocene driven by East Asian summer monsoon oscillations 全新世东亚夏季风振荡驱动下长江下游及邻近沿海地区500年的人口增减周期

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109815

Deke Xu , Yuhai Wang , Keyang He , Hao Li , Yajie Dong , Jun Kuang , Zhigang Zhang , Bing Song , Yulong Niu , Guoping Sun , Yonglei Wang , Jiatong Lu , Jie Liu , Houyuan Lu , Chang Li

Centennial-scale climate–human interactions provide critical insights into societal adaptation to environmental change, yet their dynamics in East Asian coastal systems are still poorly understood. Here we analyze 1,008 radiocarbon dates from Neolithic to Bronze Age archaeological sites across the lower Yangtze River and adjacent coastal region to reconstruct 10,000 years of population dynamics using summed probability distributions. Our demographic record reveals prominent ∼500-yr cycles superimposed on long-term trends, with 14 population maxima occurring at around 9,700, 9,200, 8,600, 8,000, 7,200, 6,700, 6,300, 5,800, 5,200, 4,700, 4,300, 4,000, 3,500, and 3000 calendar years before present (cal yr BP). Time-series analysis demonstrates that these demographic cycles lag East Asian summer monsoon fluctuations by ∼60–170 yrs, indicating systematic climate-driven population responses mediated by ecological processes. Unexpectedly, weakened monsoon phases increased regional precipitation, enhanced food resource availability, and supported demographic expansion, while intensified monsoon conditions reduced precipitation and constrained population growth via food resource limitations. This climate–population coupling temporarily broke down between ∼7,800 and ∼5,500 cal yr BP, coinciding with reduced monsoon variability and enhanced societal resilience during the Kuahuqiao–Hemudu/Majiabang–Songze transitions. Our findings demonstrate a persistent centennial-scale link between monsoon variability and prehistoric demography, offering new insights into climate–societal dynamics across monsoon Asia.

百年尺度的气候-人类相互作用为社会适应环境变化提供了重要的见解，但它们在东亚沿海系统中的动态仍然知之甚少。本文分析了长江下游及邻近沿海地区新石器时代至青铜时代考古遗址的1008个放射性碳年代，利用求和概率分布重建了1万年的人口动态。我们的人口统计记录显示了叠加在长期趋势上的突出的~ 500年周期，14个人口最大值发生在距今（cal - year BP）之前的9,700、9,200、8,600、8,000、7,200、6,700、6,300、5,800、5,200、4,700、4,300、4,000、3,500和3000日历年左右。时间序列分析表明，这些人口周期滞后于东亚夏季风波动约60-170年，表明生态过程介导的系统气候驱动的人口响应。出乎意料的是，减弱的季风阶段增加了区域降水，增强了食物资源的可用性，并支持了人口的扩张，而增强的季风条件减少了降水，并通过食物资源限制限制了人口增长。这种气候-人口耦合在~ 7800至~ 5500 cal - yr BP之间暂时中断，与夸虎桥-河姆渡/马家邦-松泽过渡期间季风变率降低和社会恢复力增强相一致。我们的研究结果表明，季风变化与史前人口统计学之间存在百年尺度的持续联系，为季风亚洲的气候社会动态提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-scale drivers shaped the late Quaternary vegetation composition in eastern Nanling Mountains, subtropical China 多尺度驱动因素影响了南岭东部晚第四纪植被组成

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109833

Mingying Quan , Wei Zhong , Xiaojun Wang , Tianhang Li , Durui Lin , Limi Mao

Understanding vegetation dynamics and their driving mechanisms is crucial for predicting ecosystem responses. In this paper, we present a 46,300-year pollen record from the Dahu swamp (eastern Nanling Mountains, south China), so far the longest high-resolution lacustrine sequence in the subtropical monsoon region, to reconstruct vegetation dynamics and decipher different drivers. Biomization and principal component analyses were used for quantitative reconstruction of vegetation evolution history since ∼46.3 cal kyr BP.

During Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3b (∼46.3–41.2 cal kyr BP), warm and humid climate promoted the expansion of evergreen broadleaved forests (EBLF). A transition to cooler and drier climates in MIS 3c (∼41.2–26.8 cal kyr BP) favored the prevailing of deciduous broadleaved forests (DBLF) and herbaceous taxa. The Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, ∼26.8–17.4 cal kyr BP) of MIS 2 was featured by a mixed forest dominated by Fagus and Tsuga under cool-wet climate, sustained by weakened East Asia summer monsoon (EASM), persistent fog-cloud layers, and the topographic barrier effects of Nanling Mountains (NLM). Deglacial warming (∼17.4–12.2 cal kyr BP) triggered the expansion of thermophilic taxa (Cyclobalanopsis/Quercus (E)). The early Holocene (∼12.2–8.2 cal kyr BP) was marked by the dominance of EBLF under intensified EASM. Lake expansion and hygrophilous herbs prevailed during the mid-Holocene (∼8.2–4.2 cal kyr BP), whereas the late Holocene (∼4.2–0.6 cal kyr BP) was characterized by sparse vegetation cover (possibly open mosaic of forest and grassland), probably associated with cooling and intensified human activities especially since ∼2.8 cal kyr BP.

Spectral and wavelet analysis identifies orbital-scale precession-driven EASM variability (20.3-kyr cycle) since MIS 3b, modulated by tropical ocean-atmosphere oscillations (12.2-kyr cycle) and North Atlantic shifts (1.0-kyr cycles). By revealing how insolation-driven climate and topography together created cool, moist micro-refugia, the presence of Fagus and Tsuga forests during the LGM offers a basis for re-evaluating the hypothesis of extreme aridity in subtropical regions. This multi-scale analysis integrates orbital forcing, regional topography, and anthropogenic impacts, providing a framework for understanding subtropical forest resilience under climatic extremes.

了解植被动态及其驱动机制是预测生态系统响应的关键。本文利用迄今为止在亚热带季风区最长的高分辨率湖相序列——大湖沼泽（南岭东部）的46,300年花粉记录，重建植被动态，并解析不同的驱动因素。生物化和主成分分析用于定量重建自~ 46.3 cal kyr BP以来的植被演化史。在海洋同位素阶段（MIS） 3b (~ 46.3 ~ 41.2 cal kyr BP)，温暖湿润的气候促进了常绿阔叶林（EBLF）的扩张。MIS 3c （~ 41.2 ~ 26.8 cal kyr BP）向凉爽和干燥气候的过渡有利于落叶阔叶林（DBLF）和草本类群的盛行。mis2末次盛冰期（LGM，约26.8 ~ 17.4 cal kyr BP）以冷湿气候下的Fagus和Tsuga为主的混交林为特征，东亚夏季风（EASM）减弱，雾云层持续存在，南岭山脉（NLM）的地形阻隔作用持续存在。去冰变暖（~ 17.4-12.2 cal kyr BP）触发了嗜热类群（Cyclobalanopsis/Quercus (E)）的扩张。早全新世（~ 12.2-8.2 cal kyr BP）在强东亚寒流下以EBLF为主。在全新世中期（~ 8.2-4.2 cal kyr BP），湖泊扩张和亲湿草本植物盛行，而在全新世晚期（~ 4.2-0.6 cal kyr BP），植被覆盖稀疏（可能是森林和草地的开放花叶），这可能与降温和人类活动加剧有关，特别是自~ 2.8 cal kyr BP以来。光谱和小波分析确定了自MIS 3b以来轨道尺度岁差驱动的EASM变率（20.3 kyr周期），受到热带海洋-大气振荡（12.2 kyr周期）和北大西洋移动（1.0 kyr周期）的调制。通过揭示日照驱动的气候和地形如何共同创造凉爽潮湿的微型避难所，在LGM期间Fagus和Tsuga森林的存在为重新评估亚热带地区极端干旱的假设提供了基础。这种多尺度分析综合了轨道强迫、区域地形和人为影响，为了解极端气候下亚热带森林的恢复力提供了一个框架。

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引用次数: 0

Natural forces and human impacts on Holocene peat layers in the lower Yangtze: from initiation to degradation 长江下游全新世泥炭层的自然力量和人为影响：从形成到退化

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109834

Yan Liu , Mengjiao Yu , Jinqi Dai , Yongzhi Huang , Haixian Xiong , Ning Zhao , Shihao Liu , Jing Chen , Maotian Li , Qianli Sun

Coastal peat layers in the Lower Yangtze Region (LYR) provide critical archives of Holocene environmental change and human–landscape interaction. To clarify the mechanisms driving their formation and decline, we compile 105 dated peat records and integrate them with regional sea-level, palaeoclimate, archaeological evidence, and local wetness and warmth reconstructions developed in this study. The results show that early Holocene peat initiation was suppressed by unstable hydrological regimes, high sedimentation rates in incised valleys, and relatively cool–dry local conditions. Widespread peat accumulation began after ∼8 ka BP, when the deceleration of sea-level rise, warmer and wetter conditions, and the development of geomorphologically stable back-barrier and delta-plain wetlands together created favorable settings for peat growth. From ∼6 ka BP, however, increased ENSO-related flooding, gradual hydroclimatic deterioration, and intensified Neolithic rice farming disrupted wetland stability, accelerating peat degradation and altering carbon storage. These findings demonstrate that the development of peat layers in the LYR were governed not simply by regional monsoon intensity, but by the interaction of local hydroclimatic thresholds, geomorphic stability, and human disturbance. The study highlights the vulnerability of coastal peat layers to climatic extremes and anthropogenic pressures, offering insights for understanding past human–environment feedbacks and informing modern strategies for wetland conservation and carbon management.

下扬子地区沿海泥炭层提供了全新世环境变化和人类景观相互作用的重要资料。为了阐明其形成和衰落的机制，我们收集了105份泥炭记录，并将其与区域海平面、古气候、考古证据和本研究中建立的当地湿度和温度重建相结合。结果表明，全新世早期泥炭的形成受到不稳定的水文条件、高沉积速率和相对干燥的局部条件的抑制。大范围的泥炭积累开始于~ 8 ka BP之后，当时海平面上升的减速，温暖湿润的环境，以及地貌稳定的后屏障和三角洲平原湿地的发展共同为泥炭的生长创造了有利的环境。然而，从6 ka BP开始，enso相关的洪水增加，水文气候逐渐恶化，新石器时代水稻种植加剧，破坏了湿地的稳定性，加速了泥炭退化，改变了碳储量。这些发现表明，LYR泥炭层的发育不仅受区域季风强度的控制，还受当地水文气候阈值、地貌稳定性和人为干扰的相互作用。该研究强调了沿海泥炭层对极端气候和人为压力的脆弱性，为理解过去的人类-环境反馈提供了见解，并为湿地保护和碳管理的现代战略提供了信息。

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引用次数: 0

A varve chronology for glacial retreat and hydroclimate changes during Heinrich Stadial 1 on the Northwest European margins 西北欧边缘海因里希时期1期冰川退缩和水文气候变化的年代学研究

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109771

A.P. Palmer , J.M. Bendle , I.P. Matthews , A. MacLeod , R.A. Staff , P. Lincoln , W.Z. Hoek

Heinrich Stadial 1 (HS 1; 18-15 ka) was a climatically dynamic period during the Last Deglaciation, which is thought to have been driven by alterations in Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC), and which impacted terrestrial systems around the Northern Hemisphere. The event is usually divided into substages suggesting that conditions were not stable throughout the period. The middle- and high-latitude land masses adjacent to the North Atlantic were likely to have been most strongly impacted by such AMOC changes. However, very few records exist from these areas due to extensive ice cover which persisted over much of Europe and North America at this time, and because the impact of changing AMOC conditions on the melting ice masses and wider landscape is difficult to assess. This paper uses annually laminated lake-sediment cores from a glaciolacustrine system in South Wales to generate the first chronology of southern British Irish Ice Sheet (BIIS) deglaciation and associated environmental changes through HS 1. Microfacies analysis of two laminated core sections from Llangorse Lake yields a merged master varve chronology which spans 3506 ± 143 years. This chronology is tethered to an absolute age scale at the youngest point of the varve section using radiocarbon dates and extrapolating the Bayesian age model to date the onset and end of varve formation. The varve thickness data shows that an ice-dammed glacial lake formed circa 18.84 cal ka BP (20,034–17,648) and transitioned into a cold-climate lake system ∼18.75 cal ka BP (19,939–17,553). This later, nival lake persisted for ∼3400 years until ∼15.34 cal ka BP (16,207–14,463), spanning the period of HS 1, after which the lake transitioned to non-varved sediments. The LLaMVC21 varve thickness record is related to i) millennial scale transition from drier to wetter conditions during Heinrich Stadial 1, and ii) inter-annual to decadal variability in hydroclimate, with three multi-decadal periods of decreased varve thickness detected. The findings here supports a wetter late HS 1 with the timing of the change between drier and wetter conditions broadly consistent with more distant records in more northerly latitudes.

海因里希Stadial 1 （HS 1; 18-15 ka）是末次冰期的一个气候动力期，被认为是由大西洋经向翻转环流（AMOC）的变化所驱动的，并影响了北半球的陆地系统。这一事件通常分为几个阶段，表明整个时期的情况并不稳定。与北大西洋相邻的中纬度和高纬度陆地块可能受到这种AMOC变化的最强烈影响。然而，由于当时欧洲和北美大部分地区持续覆盖着广泛的冰层，这些地区的记录很少，而且AMOC条件的变化对融化的冰块和更广泛的景观的影响很难评估。本文利用南威尔士冰湖系统的年度层压湖泊沉积物岩心，生成了第一个通过HS 1的南英属爱尔兰冰盖（BIIS）消冰和相关环境变化的年表。通过对Llangorse湖两个层状岩心剖面的微相分析，得出了一个跨度为3506±143年的合并主控年代学。这一年代学通过放射性碳测年和外推贝叶斯年龄模型来确定瓣膜形成的开始和结束时间，并将其与瓣膜剖面最年轻点的绝对年龄尺度联系在一起。阀厚资料表明，约18.84 cal ka BP（20034 ~ 17648）形成一个冰坝冰湖，并在约18.75 cal ka BP（19939 ~ 17553）转变为一个寒冷气候湖泊系统。后来，湖泊持续了~ 3400年，直到~ 15.34 cal ka BP(16,207-14,463)，跨越了HS 1时期，之后湖泊转变为非分裂沉积物。LLaMVC21阀厚记录与1)Heinrich Stadial 1期间从干燥到湿润的千禧年尺度转变和2)水文气候的年际至年代际变化有关，其中有3个多年代际变化期阀厚下降。这里的发现支持了HS 1的湿润晚期，干旱和湿润条件之间变化的时间与更遥远的北纬地区的记录大体一致。

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引用次数: 0

The Early–Middle Upper Palaeolithic transition in Eastern Central Europe across MIS3–2 and the Bodrogkeresztúr–Henye site, NE Hungary 中欧东部旧石器时代早期至中晚期的过渡跨越MIS3-2和Bodrogkeresztúr-Henye遗址，匈牙利东北部

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109810

György Lengyel , János Kovács , Bernadeta Kufel-Diakowska , Zsuzsa Lisztes-Szabó , Magdalena Moskal-del Hoyo , Gábor Újvári , Jarosław Wilczyński

The Gravettian site of Bodrogkeresztúr–Henye in northeastern Hungary has long been considered the oldest of its kind in the region. Fieldwork in 2019 revealed a stratigraphic succession spanning from the Late Aurignacian to the Late Gravettian. The Late Aurignacian component is represented by few artefacts and lacks archaeozoological remains, suggesting a short-term occupation, whereas the Late Gravettian yielded an abundant archaeological record indicative of a base camp within a highly mobile settlement system connected to Eastern Central (ECE) and Eastern Europe. The Late Aurignacian corresponds to a climatically milder phase, while the Late Gravettian is associated with colder conditions. The sequence is incomplete, lacking Early Gravettian and Pavlovian layers, comparable to Early–Middle Upper Palaeolithic sequences in Poland, Slovakia, and Hungary. These data suggest that the Early Gravettian in western ECE was contemporaneous with the Late Aurignacian in eastern ECE, and that eastern ECE experienced a brief human occupation hiatus during the Pavlovian. The Late Gravettian represents the Middle Upper Palaeolithic cultural that spread across Eastern Central and Eastern Europe with the onset of colder conditions at the MIS 3–2 transition, likely reflecting adaptive strategies to cold environments, including long-distance human mobility.

匈牙利东北部的格拉维特遗址Bodrogkeresztúr-Henye一直被认为是该地区最古老的遗址。2019年的田野调查揭示了从晚奥日尼亚世到晚格拉韦世的地层演替。晚奥里尼亚期的部分只有很少的人工制品，也缺乏考古遗迹，表明这是一个短期的占领，而晚格拉维特期的部分则有大量的考古记录，表明在一个与中东欧和东欧相连的高度流动的定居系统中有一个大本营。晚奥里尼亚世对应于气候较温和的阶段，而晚重力世则与较冷的条件有关。该序列是不完整的，缺少早期格拉韦梯和巴甫洛夫层，可与波兰、斯洛伐克和匈牙利的早中晚期旧石器时代序列相媲美。这些数据表明，欧洲经委会西部的早期格拉维特纪与欧洲经委会东部的晚奥里尼亚纪是同时期的，欧洲经委会东部在巴甫洛夫纪期间经历了短暂的人类活动中断。晚格拉维特文化代表了旧石器时代中晚期的文化，在MIS 3-2过渡时期，随着寒冷条件的开始，这种文化在中欧东部和东欧传播，可能反映了对寒冷环境的适应策略，包括人类的远距离迁移。

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引用次数: 0

Generalized additive mixed models of carbon enamel isotopes implicate climate change in the southern African Middle to Later Stone Age transition 碳珐琅同位素的广义加性混合模型暗示了非洲南部石器时代中晚期过渡时期的气候变化

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109770

Alexandra L. Norwood , Joshua R. Robinson , Brian A. Stewart

The Middle to Later Stone Age (MSA/LSA) transition in southern Africa represents a profound shift in technology and social organization characterized by population growth, higher density artifact assemblages, and increased evidence of symbolic behavior. Recurrent stadial periods associated with global cooling, particularly the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM: ∼24–17 ka), have been closely linked to these broad cultural changes. The widespread nature of these material culture changes cross-cutting southern Africa's highly variable environments raises questions about the degree to which the transition to LSA behavioral suites is attributable to climatic, social or other factors. However, the relationships between specific climatic variables and local environmental proxy records remain elusive, making it difficult to use isotope ratios like carbon in fossil ungulate enamel (δ¹³C_E) to characterize the environmental impact of past climate events. Alternative approaches must be taken to characterize spatial and temporal variation in enamel isotopes in the fossil record to understand the local effects of broader climatic conditions. We present a novel application of generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) to the δ¹³C_E record of southern Africa from the later Pleistocene (∼40–11 ka). GAMMs are able to simultaneously consider the influence of dietary and climate components, representing global to local scales, on the variation in δ¹³C_E. Our results provide evidence of spatial variation in δ¹³C_E among sites caused by differences in the impact of climate change across the subcontinent's rainfall zones. Negative δ¹³C_E values in the summer rainfall zone from shortly before 30 ka through the early LGM indicate pronounced cooling coincident with the phased transition there from MSA to LSA tool kits. This suggests that the MSA disappearance was partially climate-driven and occurred first in the eastern part of southern Africa. We suggest that fragmented final MSA social networks made space for local pools of enhanced innovation. Out of this innovation, a widespread and cohesive LSA tradition – the Robberg – emerged and spread through processes of renewed coalescence.

非洲南部的中晚期石器时代（MSA/LSA）的过渡代表了技术和社会组织的深刻转变，其特征是人口增长、更高密度的人工制品组合和更多的象征性行为证据。与全球变冷相关的周期性静止期，特别是末次盛冰期（LGM: ~ 24-17 ka），与这些广泛的文化变化密切相关。这些物质文化的广泛性改变了南部非洲高度多变的环境，这引发了一个问题，即向LSA行为套件的过渡在多大程度上可归因于气候、社会或其他因素。然而，特定气候变量与当地环境代理记录之间的关系仍然难以捉摸，因此很难使用化石有蹄类牙釉质（δ13CE）中的碳同位素比率来表征过去气候事件对环境的影响。必须采用替代方法来表征化石记录中牙釉质同位素的时空变化，以了解更广泛的气候条件对局部的影响。我们提出了一种新的广义加性混合模式（GAMMs）应用于非洲南部晚更新世（~ 40-11 ka）的δ13CE记录。gms能够同时考虑代表全球到局部尺度的饮食和气候成分对δ13CE变化的影响。研究结果表明，气候变化对南亚次大陆各降雨区影响的差异导致了不同站点间δ13CE的空间差异。从30ka之前到LGM早期，夏季雨区δ13CE值为负，表明该地区从MSA到LSA工具箱的阶段性转变与明显的降温一致。这表明MSA的消失部分是由气候驱动的，并且首先发生在南部非洲的东部。我们认为，碎片化的最终MSA社交网络为增强创新的本地池提供了空间。在这种创新之外，一个广泛而有凝聚力的LSA传统- Robberg -通过重新合并的过程出现并传播。

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引用次数: 0

High temperature seasonality as a signature of late-Quaternary AMOC weakening in Northern Europe 北欧晚第四纪AMOC减弱的高温季节性特征

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-03-15 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109843

Liva Trasune , J Sakari Salonen , Normunds Stivrins , Leeli Amon , Migle Stancikaite , Laura Gedminiene , Siim Veski , Frederik Schenk

Late-Quaternary disruptions of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) have been linked to profound impacts on local and regional climate as well as vegetation. Temperature seasonality patterns during these AMOC events, most notably during the Younger Dryas, are not yet fully understood, as studies have shown two possible scenarios: overall cooling patterns in Younger Dryas, or warm summers with extreme winter cooling. Here we assess the seasonal temperature trends of late-Quaternary weak AMOC states in Northern Europe, based on new quantitative pollen- and plant macrofossil-based January and July temperature reconstructions using multi-method ensemble reconstruction approaches. For plant macrofossils, we implement a “dynamic” calibration approach, where a spatial extent of the modern calibration region varies based on an independent proxy for the past continentality regime. This allows the reconstruction to algorithmically select the most representative modern calibration region for each time slice. We find an indication that abrupt AMOC weakening is associated with winter-dominated cooling of up to 10 °C but relatively stable summers.

大西洋经向翻转环流（AMOC）的晚第四纪中断与对当地和区域气候以及植被的深刻影响有关。在这些AMOC事件中，特别是在新仙女木时期，温度季节性模式尚未完全了解，因为研究显示了两种可能的情况：新仙女木时期的整体冷却模式，或者温暖的夏季与极端的冬季冷却。本文利用多方法集合重建方法，基于花粉和植物大化石的1月和7月新定量温度重建，评估了北欧晚第四纪AMOC弱状态的季节温度趋势。对于植物大化石，我们实施了一种“动态”校准方法，其中现代校准区域的空间范围基于过去大陆状态的独立代理而变化。这使得重建算法为每个时间片选择最具代表性的现代校准区域。我们发现一个迹象表明，AMOC的突然减弱与冬季主导的高达10°C的降温有关，但夏季相对稳定。

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引用次数: 0