Quaternary Science Reviews最新文献_第3页

Expansion of grassland/open woodland across the East China Sea shelf since MIS 4 facilitated the early human dispersal 自MIS 4以来，东海陆架上草地/开阔林地的扩张促进了早期人类的扩散

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109835

Jie Li , Kai Lu , Shixiong Yang , Zhuo Zheng , Qiuchi Wan , Gayan Bandara , Chuanxiu Luo , Zhongbo Wang

During the last glacial period, there has been controversy over whether the exposed area of the East China Sea (ECS) continental shelf was a vast expanse of grassland or a dense forest. So far, direct paleovegetation and paleoenvironmental evidence over the stages from MIS 4 to MIS 2 on this shelf has been scarce. Moreover, the exposed continental shelf since ca. 60 ka has been hypothesized as a potential migratory corridor for Homo sapiens entering East Asia during the Late Pleistocene. This makes the study of the paleovegetation in the exposed continental shelf areas even more important. The present study is based on a high-resolution, well-dated palynological and sedimentological dataset obtained from core TBF-1, collected from the outer ECS continental shelf, spanning the past 71,000 years. Our results demonstrate a distinct vegetational response to global sea-level fluctuations and concomitant monsoon variability. During the lowstand intervals of MIS 4 and MIS 2 (including the Last Glacial Maximum), the exposed ECS shelf was dominated by a cool, dry temperate grassland biome, characterized by high abundance of herbs such as Artemisia, Poaceae, and Chenopodiaceae, alongside substantial wetland communities indicated by Cyperaceae and Typha. In contrast, the milder conditions of MIS 3 supported a heterogeneous open-forest landscape comprising temperate deciduous broadleaved forests, such as Quercus, Fagus, and Juglans, interspersed with persistent grasslands. These extensive grasslands and associated wetlands formed a vast coastal plain that connected mainland China to the Korean Peninsula and the Japanese archipelago, providing critical resources such as freshwater, game, and traversable terrain for early human foragers. Collectively, these findings provide the first direct paleoecological evidence that the exposed ECS shelf constituted a favorable and viable ecosystem during the last glacial period, thereby substantiating the hypothesis that it served as a crucial conduit facilitating the initial dispersal of early modern humans into East Asia.

末次冰期，东海大陆架暴露区是广阔的草原还是茂密的森林一直存在争议。迄今为止，该陆架在MIS 4 - MIS 2阶段的古植被和古环境的直接证据很少。此外，约60ka以来暴露的大陆架被假设为智人在晚更新世进入东亚的潜在迁徙通道。这使得对裸露大陆架地区古植被的研究显得更加重要。目前的研究基于一个高分辨率的、年代确定的孢粉学和沉积学数据集，该数据集收集自外大陆架的TBF-1核心，跨越了71000年。我们的研究结果表明，植被对全球海平面波动和伴随的季风变化有明显的响应。在MIS 4和MIS 2低潮期（包括末次盛冰期），暴露的ECS陆架以凉爽、干温带的草地生物群系为主，以蒿科、禾本科和藜科等草本植物的丰富度为特征，同时还有以莎草科和Typha为特征的大量湿地群落。相比之下，MIS 3较温和的条件支持异质性开放森林景观，包括温带落叶阔叶林，如栎、Fagus和Juglans，点缀着持久的草原。这些广阔的草原和相关的湿地形成了广阔的沿海平原，将中国大陆与朝鲜半岛和日本群岛连接起来，为早期人类觅食者提供了淡水、猎物和可穿越的地形等重要资源。总的来说，这些发现提供了第一个直接的古生态学证据，表明暴露的ECS陆架在末次冰期构成了一个有利的、可行的生态系统，从而证实了它是促进早期现代人类最初向东亚扩散的关键渠道的假设。

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引用次数: 0

Millennial-scale climatic and cultural impacts on vegetation and fire at the southern edge of the Rocky Mountains, USA 美国落基山脉南缘千年尺度气候和文化对植被和火灾的影响

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109821

Paul D. Henne , Susann Stolze , Natalie M. Kehrwald , Becky Brice , Craig D. Allen

Mountain forests and woodlands in semiarid regions of the world are threatened by climatic change and other human impacts. In the southwestern USA, climate and culturally driven changes to the structure and fire regimes of dry coniferous forests over recent centuries are well documented by tree-ring archives. However, the roles of climate and people as drivers of millennial-scale changes are less understood. We present a new record of vegetation dynamics and regional fire activity inferred from pollen, microscopic charcoal, and sediment geochemistry from Santa Fe Lake, NM (3532 m a.s.l.), the southernmost natural lake in the Rocky Mountains. Declining elemental intensities (e.g., Ti, Fe, Si) record local deglaciation after 14,000 cal yr BP followed by upslope expansion of trees indicated by increasing Pinus and Picea pollen percentages as the climate warmed during the Late Glacial. Cool, dry growing seasons probably limited the establishment of dense forests until after 12,200 cal yr BP when we hypothesize that Pinus ponderosa (ponderosa pine) expanded regionally (i.e., within 10–100 km) due to continued warming and a possible increase in monsoonal precipitation. Subalpine forests established near Santa Fe Lake by 10,300 cal yr BP as indicated by abundant conifer stomates and increasing Picea and Pinus aristata pollen percentages, which are highest after 5100 cal yr BP. Increasing Juniperus-type, Quercus, and Pinus edulis-type pollen record changes in vegetation belts at lower elevations after 10,300 cal yr BP. Maize pollen, an unambiguous indicator of Puebloan agriculture, first appears at 800 cal yr BP (1150 cal yr CE) and is present through 1600 cal yr CE when Spanish colonization brought cultural upheaval and population loss to local indigenous communities. Regional fire activity, inferred from microscopic charcoal influx, remained relatively constant for most of our record. However, average microscopic charcoal influx more than doubled relative to the rest of the Holocene during the last 2000 years, with the highest influx after 1550 cal yr BP (400 cal yr CE). The increased influx of microscopic charcoal coincides with archaeological evidence for dramatic regional population growth in the northern Rio Grande region and probably reflects extensive cultural burning associated with the development of an agricultural economy. Although climate was an important driver of vegetation change and fire regimes in the mountains of the southwestern USA during the Holocene, our results suggest that human impacts on regional burning during the last 2000 years far exceeded earlier climate-driven variation.

世界半干旱地区的山林和林地受到气候变化和其他人类影响的威胁。在美国西南部，近几个世纪以来，树木年轮档案很好地记录了气候和文化驱动的干燥针叶林结构和火灾制度的变化。然而，人们对气候和人类作为千年尺度变化驱动因素的作用知之甚少。本文利用落矶山脉最南端的天然湖泊圣达菲湖（3532 m a.s.l.）的花粉、微观木炭和沉积物地球化学资料，对植被动态和区域火灾活动进行了新的记录。元素强度（如Ti、Fe、Si）的下降记录了14000 calyr BP之后的局部冰川消退，随后随着晚冰期气候变暖，松树和云杉花粉百分比的增加表明树木的上坡扩张。凉爽干燥的生长季节可能限制了茂密森林的建立，直到12,200 calyr BP之后，我们假设由于持续变暖和季风降水可能增加，黄松（ponderosa）在区域内（即10-100公里内）扩张。圣达菲湖附近亚高山森林在10300 calyr BP形成，针叶林丰富，云杉和马斯托塔松花粉比例增加，在5100 calyr BP后最高。10300 calyr BP后，低海拔植被带中柏、栎、松花粉的增加记录了植被带的变化。玉米花粉是普韦布洛人农业的明确指标，最早出现在公元前800年（公元1150年），并一直存在到公元1600年，当时西班牙殖民给当地土著社区带来了文化动荡和人口损失。区域火灾活动，从微观木炭流入推断，在我们的大部分记录中保持相对恒定。然而，在过去的2000年里，相对于全新世的其他时间，平均微观木炭流入增加了一倍以上，在1550 cal yr BP （400 cal yr CE）之后流入最多。微观木炭的增加与北部里约热内卢Grande地区人口急剧增长的考古证据相吻合，可能反映了与农业经济发展有关的广泛的文化燃烧。尽管气候是全新世期间美国西南部山区植被变化和火灾状况的重要驱动因素，但我们的研究结果表明，过去2000年人类对区域燃烧的影响远远超过早期气候驱动的变化。

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引用次数: 0

Glacial chronology and topographic controls in the Tsambagarav Massif, western Mongolia: Insights from 10Be dating 蒙古西部Tsambagarav地块冰川年代学和地形控制：来自10Be测年的见解

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109817

Purevmaa Khandsuren , Yeong Bae Seong , Hyun Hee Rhee , Otgonbayar Demberel , Byung Yong Yu

The Tsambagarav Massif in the Mongolian Altai preserves a detailed record of glacial fluctuations from the Late Pleistocene to the present. Using geomorphological mapping, ¹⁰Be surface exposure dating, equilibrium line altitude (ELA) reconstructions, and geomorphometric analysis, we reconstruct the extent, timing, and dynamics of glacier advances across the massif. Our results indicate that the maximum glacial advance in the Ulaan Am (southwestern) Valley predated global Last Glacial Maximum (gLGM), occurring during MIS 3 (∼40 ka), with a subsequent readvance between ∼31 and 21 ka. In contrast, other glaciers, including the Tsagaan Seer (southwestern) and Yamaat (northern), reached their maximum positions broadly synchronous with the gLGM (∼26.5–19 ka). Furthermore, the Bituu Ereg (eastern) Valley records a significant Late Glacial expansion at ∼15.4 ka. Following these advances, glaciers retreated abruptly and the massif was completely deglaciated by the mid-Holocene thermal maximum. Glaciers subsequently reformed during the Neoglacial (∼6 ka) and responded sensitively to centennial-scale climate variability, including advances during the Little Ice Age (LIA) and rapid retreat under recent warming. Modern and Late Pleistocene ELAs exhibit a clear regional rise from the northwest toward the southeast across the Altai Mountains. The magnitude of Late Pleistocene ELA depressions follows the same orientation, reflecting an increased glacial sensitivity to climatic shifts in more arid environments. Throughout the massif, glacial distribution and magnitude have been consistently modulated by topographic controls rather than climate alone. Specifically, northern and eastern slopes supported the most extensive ice cover; northern glaciers were sustained by reduced solar radiation through topographic shading, while eastern glaciers were possibly driven by enhanced snow accumulation from westerly wind drift and the structural eastward tilt of the massif. These findings highlight the critical interplay between regional climate and local terrain in shaping glacial histories in arid high-mountain environments, contributing to a broader understanding of Quaternary glaciation across Central Asia.

蒙古阿尔泰的Tsambagarav地块保存了从晚更新世到现在的冰川波动的详细记录。通过地貌测绘、10Be地表暴露测年、平衡线高度（ELA）重建和地貌分析，我们重建了冰川在整个地块上移动的范围、时间和动态。我们的研究结果表明，乌兰安姆（西南）山谷的最大冰川推进早于全球末次冰川极大期（gLGM），发生在MIS 3 （~ 40 ka）期间，随后的冰川推进在~ 31 ~ 21 ka之间。相比之下，其他冰川，包括Tsagaan Seer（西南）和Yamaat（北部），其最大位置与gLGM大致同步（~ 26.5-19 ka）。此外，Bituu Ereg（东部）山谷在~ 15.4 ka记录了一次显著的晚冰期扩张。随着这些进展，冰川突然退缩，地块在全新世中期热极大期完全消冰。冰川随后在新冰期（~ 6 ka）进行了改造，并对百年尺度的气候变率做出了敏感的响应，包括小冰期（LIA）的推进和近期变暖下的快速退缩。现代和晚更新世ela在阿尔泰山脉表现出从西北向东南的明显区域上升。晚更新世ELA洼地的大小遵循相同的方向，反映了在更干旱的环境中冰川对气候变化的敏感性增加。在整个地块中，冰川的分布和规模一直是由地形控制而不是气候单独调节的。具体来说，北部和东部斜坡支撑着最广泛的冰盖；北部冰川的形成是由于地形遮阳导致的太阳辐射减弱，而东部冰川的形成则可能是由于西风漂移和山体向东倾斜导致的积雪增加。这些发现强调了区域气候和当地地形在干旱高山环境中形成冰川历史的关键相互作用，有助于更广泛地了解中亚第四纪冰川作用。

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引用次数: 0

The evolution and drivers of changes in Tibetan terrestrial ecosystems over the last millennium 近一千年来西藏陆地生态系统的演变及其驱动因素

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-01-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109839

Pengchao Zhang , Tao Wang , Yueheng Jin , Dan Liu

Since the Industrial Revolution, global climate change has shifted from being primarily driven by natural forces to being significantly influenced by both natural forces and human activities, leading to marked climatic changes on the Tibetan Plateau. However, the responses of the plateau’s ecosystems to climate change, influenced by shifting underlying drivers, remain unclear. In this study, we examined the change characteristics, climatic drivers, and potential risks of destabilization for the Tibetan Plateau’s permafrost, forest cover, and carbon stocks from a millennial perspective (850–2020 CE), utilizing the dynamic global vegetation model, the Community Land Model version 4.5. Compared to the relative stability from pre-1850, the post-1950 period witnessed a significant change in permafrost area, forest cover, and vegetation carbon stock, with changes of −21 %, +40 %, and +14 %, respectively, compared to pre-1850 levels. Temperature and longwave radiation significantly contributed to the noticeable decline in permafrost area, while temperature, precipitation, and CO₂ notably promoted vegetation growth. Moreover, permafrost had exhibited early-warning signals that it was approaching critical thresholds. Our findings underscore that the Tibetan Plateau has undergone drastic changes since 1950, with permafrost already reaching tipping points, which is crucial for enhancing the ecological security of the plateau and its surrounding regions.

自工业革命以来，全球气候变化由主要由自然力量驱动转变为自然力量和人类活动共同影响，青藏高原气候变化明显。然而，高原生态系统对气候变化的响应，受到潜在驱动因素变化的影响，仍然不清楚。在这项研究中，我们利用全球动态植被模型——社区土地模型4.5版，从千年视角（850-2020 CE）研究了青藏高原多年冻土、森林覆盖和碳储量的变化特征、气候驱动因素和潜在不稳定风险。与1850年前的相对稳定相比，1950年后的多年冻土区、森林覆盖和植被碳储量发生了显著变化，分别比1850年前变化了- 21%、+ 40%和+ 14%。温度和长波辐射对多年冻土区面积的显著减少有显著的促进作用，而温度、降水和CO2对植被的生长有显著的促进作用。此外，永久冻土已显示出接近临界阈值的早期预警信号。研究结果表明，自1950年以来，青藏高原经历了巨大的变化，多年冻土已经达到了临界点，这对加强青藏高原及其周边地区的生态安全至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

New evidence for a 179 ka age of the Old Crow tephra 新证据表明179年前的老克罗麻风

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109816

Desmond Yeo , Yongsong Huang , Fei Guo , Richard S. Vachula , Karen J. Wang , Jonathan A. O'Donnell , Steven C. Clemens , James M. Russell

Accurate age control is a prerequisite for paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental research but remains a persistent challenge for Arctic lake sediment cores. Well-dated regional tephrochronologies can provide robust stratigraphic markers in sediments. In Arctic Eastern Beringia, the Old Crow tephra (OCt) is one of the most widely distributed late Quaternary tephras and serves as an important stratigraphic anchor beyond the radiocarbon range (>50 ka BP). However, the age of the OCt remains debated and has undergone numerous revisions, with studies using different dating methodologies to ascribe ages ranging from 124 ka to 203 ka. While the commonly reported age of the OCt based on fission track dating is 124 ± 10 ka, a recent study using uranium-thorium/helium ((U-Th)/He) dating of zircon placed the OCt at 202.9 ± 9.5 ka. Here, we independently find an age of 179.0 ± 4.6 ka for the OCt from a lacustrine sediment record in Alaska (Imuruk Lake) with confirmation using the marine benthic δ¹⁸O chronology. This revises the current tephrostratigraphic framework in this region. We also report a previously undocumented mafic tephra layer (IM#1), which is likely a local eruption on the Seward Peninsula, with an age of 157.2 ± 4.7 ka, providing a new tephrostratigraphic marker for this region.

准确的年龄控制是古气候和古环境研究的先决条件，也是北极湖泊沉积物岩心研究的长期挑战。年代确定的区域地层年代学可以为沉积物提供可靠的地层标志。在北极东白令陆桥，老克罗热层（OCt）是晚第四纪分布最广泛的热层之一，是放射性碳范围（>50 ka BP）以外重要的地层锚点。然而，OCt的年龄仍然存在争议，并经历了多次修订，研究使用不同的测年方法将年龄从124 ka到203 ka不等。虽然基于裂变径迹测年的OCt年龄通常报道为124±10 ka，但最近一项使用锆石铀-钍/氦（(U-Th)/He）测年的研究将OCt定在202.9±9.5 ka。在此，我们独立地从阿拉斯加（Imuruk湖）的湖泊沉积记录中发现OCt的年龄为179.0±4.6 ka，并使用海洋底栖生物δ18O年代学进行了确认。这改变了该地区目前的地层格架。此外，我们还报道了在西沃德半岛发现的基性温层（im# 1），其年龄为157.2±4.7 ka，为该地区提供了新的温层地层标志。

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引用次数: 0

A 500-year cycle of demographic expansion and contraction in the lower Yangtze and adjacent coastal region during the Holocene driven by East Asian summer monsoon oscillations 全新世东亚夏季风振荡驱动下长江下游及邻近沿海地区500年的人口增减周期

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109815

Deke Xu , Yuhai Wang , Keyang He , Hao Li , Yajie Dong , Jun Kuang , Zhigang Zhang , Bing Song , Yulong Niu , Guoping Sun , Yonglei Wang , Jiatong Lu , Jie Liu , Houyuan Lu , Chang Li

Centennial-scale climate–human interactions provide critical insights into societal adaptation to environmental change, yet their dynamics in East Asian coastal systems are still poorly understood. Here we analyze 1,008 radiocarbon dates from Neolithic to Bronze Age archaeological sites across the lower Yangtze River and adjacent coastal region to reconstruct 10,000 years of population dynamics using summed probability distributions. Our demographic record reveals prominent ∼500-yr cycles superimposed on long-term trends, with 14 population maxima occurring at around 9,700, 9,200, 8,600, 8,000, 7,200, 6,700, 6,300, 5,800, 5,200, 4,700, 4,300, 4,000, 3,500, and 3000 calendar years before present (cal yr BP). Time-series analysis demonstrates that these demographic cycles lag East Asian summer monsoon fluctuations by ∼60–170 yrs, indicating systematic climate-driven population responses mediated by ecological processes. Unexpectedly, weakened monsoon phases increased regional precipitation, enhanced food resource availability, and supported demographic expansion, while intensified monsoon conditions reduced precipitation and constrained population growth via food resource limitations. This climate–population coupling temporarily broke down between ∼7,800 and ∼5,500 cal yr BP, coinciding with reduced monsoon variability and enhanced societal resilience during the Kuahuqiao–Hemudu/Majiabang–Songze transitions. Our findings demonstrate a persistent centennial-scale link between monsoon variability and prehistoric demography, offering new insights into climate–societal dynamics across monsoon Asia.

百年尺度的气候-人类相互作用为社会适应环境变化提供了重要的见解，但它们在东亚沿海系统中的动态仍然知之甚少。本文分析了长江下游及邻近沿海地区新石器时代至青铜时代考古遗址的1008个放射性碳年代，利用求和概率分布重建了1万年的人口动态。我们的人口统计记录显示了叠加在长期趋势上的突出的~ 500年周期，14个人口最大值发生在距今（cal - year BP）之前的9,700、9,200、8,600、8,000、7,200、6,700、6,300、5,800、5,200、4,700、4,300、4,000、3,500和3000日历年左右。时间序列分析表明，这些人口周期滞后于东亚夏季风波动约60-170年，表明生态过程介导的系统气候驱动的人口响应。出乎意料的是，减弱的季风阶段增加了区域降水，增强了食物资源的可用性，并支持了人口的扩张，而增强的季风条件减少了降水，并通过食物资源限制限制了人口增长。这种气候-人口耦合在~ 7800至~ 5500 cal - yr BP之间暂时中断，与夸虎桥-河姆渡/马家邦-松泽过渡期间季风变率降低和社会恢复力增强相一致。我们的研究结果表明，季风变化与史前人口统计学之间存在百年尺度的持续联系，为季风亚洲的气候社会动态提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Generalized additive mixed models of carbon enamel isotopes implicate climate change in the southern African Middle to Later Stone Age transition 碳珐琅同位素的广义加性混合模型暗示了非洲南部石器时代中晚期过渡时期的气候变化

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109770

Alexandra L. Norwood , Joshua R. Robinson , Brian A. Stewart

The Middle to Later Stone Age (MSA/LSA) transition in southern Africa represents a profound shift in technology and social organization characterized by population growth, higher density artifact assemblages, and increased evidence of symbolic behavior. Recurrent stadial periods associated with global cooling, particularly the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM: ∼24–17 ka), have been closely linked to these broad cultural changes. The widespread nature of these material culture changes cross-cutting southern Africa's highly variable environments raises questions about the degree to which the transition to LSA behavioral suites is attributable to climatic, social or other factors. However, the relationships between specific climatic variables and local environmental proxy records remain elusive, making it difficult to use isotope ratios like carbon in fossil ungulate enamel (δ¹³C_E) to characterize the environmental impact of past climate events. Alternative approaches must be taken to characterize spatial and temporal variation in enamel isotopes in the fossil record to understand the local effects of broader climatic conditions. We present a novel application of generalized additive mixed models (GAMMs) to the δ¹³C_E record of southern Africa from the later Pleistocene (∼40–11 ka). GAMMs are able to simultaneously consider the influence of dietary and climate components, representing global to local scales, on the variation in δ¹³C_E. Our results provide evidence of spatial variation in δ¹³C_E among sites caused by differences in the impact of climate change across the subcontinent's rainfall zones. Negative δ¹³C_E values in the summer rainfall zone from shortly before 30 ka through the early LGM indicate pronounced cooling coincident with the phased transition there from MSA to LSA tool kits. This suggests that the MSA disappearance was partially climate-driven and occurred first in the eastern part of southern Africa. We suggest that fragmented final MSA social networks made space for local pools of enhanced innovation. Out of this innovation, a widespread and cohesive LSA tradition – the Robberg – emerged and spread through processes of renewed coalescence.

非洲南部的中晚期石器时代（MSA/LSA）的过渡代表了技术和社会组织的深刻转变，其特征是人口增长、更高密度的人工制品组合和更多的象征性行为证据。与全球变冷相关的周期性静止期，特别是末次盛冰期（LGM: ~ 24-17 ka），与这些广泛的文化变化密切相关。这些物质文化的广泛性改变了南部非洲高度多变的环境，这引发了一个问题，即向LSA行为套件的过渡在多大程度上可归因于气候、社会或其他因素。然而，特定气候变量与当地环境代理记录之间的关系仍然难以捉摸，因此很难使用化石有蹄类牙釉质（δ13CE）中的碳同位素比率来表征过去气候事件对环境的影响。必须采用替代方法来表征化石记录中牙釉质同位素的时空变化，以了解更广泛的气候条件对局部的影响。我们提出了一种新的广义加性混合模式（GAMMs）应用于非洲南部晚更新世（~ 40-11 ka）的δ13CE记录。gms能够同时考虑代表全球到局部尺度的饮食和气候成分对δ13CE变化的影响。研究结果表明，气候变化对南亚次大陆各降雨区影响的差异导致了不同站点间δ13CE的空间差异。从30ka之前到LGM早期，夏季雨区δ13CE值为负，表明该地区从MSA到LSA工具箱的阶段性转变与明显的降温一致。这表明MSA的消失部分是由气候驱动的，并且首先发生在南部非洲的东部。我们认为，碎片化的最终MSA社交网络为增强创新的本地池提供了空间。在这种创新之外，一个广泛而有凝聚力的LSA传统- Robberg -通过重新合并的过程出现并传播。

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引用次数: 0

Late glacial sedimentation in the Atchafalaya Basin of Louisiana and its link to overflow from glacial Lake Agassiz 路易斯安那州Atchafalaya盆地的晚冰期沉积及其与阿加西冰川湖溢流的联系

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109805

James T. Teller , Stephen R. Moran

Sediments in the lower Mississippi River Valley and delta contain a record of late-glacial events resulting from varying flows through the Mississippi River. The sedimentary sequence in >100 boreholes near Baton Rouge, Louisiana (the Plaquemine Site), was investigated to explore its possible relationship to large outflows from glacial Lake Agassiz--once the largest lake in the world--that lay along the margin of the melting Laurentide Ice Sheet of north-central North America. The lake's initial overflow during its Lockhart Phase, as well as runoff from the melting Laurentide Ice Sheet, contributed to a thick sequence of sandy fluvial sediment in the Atchafalaya Basin of Louisiana during the late Pleistocene, including at the Plaquemine Site. Lake Agassiz overflow switched its route away from the Mississippi River ∼12.9 to 11.4 cal yrs BP during its Moorhead Phase (coincident with the global Younger Dryas cooling), and lower flows led to weathering and erosion of the Pleistocene sands in the Atchafalaya Basin of Louisiana. Because of differential isostatic rebound and a readvance of the Laurentide Ice Sheet into the Lake Superior basin about 11.4 cal ka, overflow through the eastern outlets of Lake Agassiz was blocked, causing lake level to rise to the Campbell strandline and to overflow southward again into the Mississippi River during its Emerson Phase. This resulted in flooding of lowland areas of the Atchafalaya Basin and a sequence of lacustrine clays and organic zones to be deposited for more than 1400 years, interrupted by a short diversion of Lake Agassiz overflow around 10.9 cal ka that is reflected by weathering and peat deposition at the Plaquemine Site. Clay continued to be deposited at the Site even after Lake Agassiz overflow was re-routed into the Superior basin after 10.7 ka because that basin overflowed into the Mississippi River basin for another thousand years. The sedimentary record in the Atchafalaya Basin of Louisiana and in the Gulf of Mexico reflects the history of late-glacial overflow (and non-overflow) from Lake Agassiz during the early Holocene, and radiocarbon dates of those changes in the Atchafalaya Basin sequence correlate with those dated late-glacial phases of changing overflow from the lake.

密西西比河下游河谷和三角洲的沉积物包含了由密西西比河不同流量引起的晚冰期事件的记录。研究人员调查了路易斯安那州巴吞鲁日（普拉克明遗址）附近100个钻孔的沉积序列，以探索其与冰川湖（曾经是世界上最大的湖泊）大量流出物的可能关系，该湖位于北美中北部劳伦泰德冰盖融化的边缘。该湖在洛克哈特阶段的最初溢出，以及劳伦泰德冰盖融化的径流，在晚更新世期间在路易斯安那州的阿查法拉亚盆地形成了一层厚厚的沙质河流沉积物，包括在普拉克明遗址。在距今12.9至11.4万年的摩尔黑德阶段（与全球新仙女木时期的降温一致），阿加西湖的溢流改变了其从密西西比河流出的路线，而较低的流量导致了路易斯安那州Atchafalaya盆地更新世砂岩的风化和侵蚀。由于差异均衡反弹和劳伦泰德冰盖在11.4 cal ka左右向苏伯利尔湖盆地推进，阿加西斯湖东部出水口的溢流被阻塞，导致湖泊水位上升到坎贝尔海岸线，并在爱默生阶段再次向南溢流到密西西比河。这导致了Atchafalaya盆地低地地区的洪水泛滥，一系列湖泊粘土和有机带沉积了1400多年，被10.9 calka左右的阿加西湖溢流短暂转移所中断，这反映在Plaquemine遗址的风化和泥炭沉积上。即使阿加西斯湖的溢流在10.7万年后重新流入苏必利尔河盆地，黏土仍继续沉积在遗址上，因为该盆地又在1000年后流入密西西比河流域。路易斯安那州Atchafalaya盆地和墨西哥湾的沉积记录反映了全新世早期阿加西湖晚冰期溢流（和非溢流）的历史，Atchafalaya盆地层序中这些变化的放射性碳定年与阿加西湖溢流变化的晚冰期定年具有相关性。

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引用次数: 0

Natural forces and human impacts on Holocene peat layers in the lower Yangtze: from initiation to degradation 长江下游全新世泥炭层的自然力量和人为影响：从形成到退化

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-01-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109834

Yan Liu , Mengjiao Yu , Jinqi Dai , Yongzhi Huang , Haixian Xiong , Ning Zhao , Shihao Liu , Jing Chen , Maotian Li , Qianli Sun

Coastal peat layers in the Lower Yangtze Region (LYR) provide critical archives of Holocene environmental change and human–landscape interaction. To clarify the mechanisms driving their formation and decline, we compile 105 dated peat records and integrate them with regional sea-level, palaeoclimate, archaeological evidence, and local wetness and warmth reconstructions developed in this study. The results show that early Holocene peat initiation was suppressed by unstable hydrological regimes, high sedimentation rates in incised valleys, and relatively cool–dry local conditions. Widespread peat accumulation began after ∼8 ka BP, when the deceleration of sea-level rise, warmer and wetter conditions, and the development of geomorphologically stable back-barrier and delta-plain wetlands together created favorable settings for peat growth. From ∼6 ka BP, however, increased ENSO-related flooding, gradual hydroclimatic deterioration, and intensified Neolithic rice farming disrupted wetland stability, accelerating peat degradation and altering carbon storage. These findings demonstrate that the development of peat layers in the LYR were governed not simply by regional monsoon intensity, but by the interaction of local hydroclimatic thresholds, geomorphic stability, and human disturbance. The study highlights the vulnerability of coastal peat layers to climatic extremes and anthropogenic pressures, offering insights for understanding past human–environment feedbacks and informing modern strategies for wetland conservation and carbon management.

下扬子地区沿海泥炭层提供了全新世环境变化和人类景观相互作用的重要资料。为了阐明其形成和衰落的机制，我们收集了105份泥炭记录，并将其与区域海平面、古气候、考古证据和本研究中建立的当地湿度和温度重建相结合。结果表明，全新世早期泥炭的形成受到不稳定的水文条件、高沉积速率和相对干燥的局部条件的抑制。大范围的泥炭积累开始于~ 8 ka BP之后，当时海平面上升的减速，温暖湿润的环境，以及地貌稳定的后屏障和三角洲平原湿地的发展共同为泥炭的生长创造了有利的环境。然而，从6 ka BP开始，enso相关的洪水增加，水文气候逐渐恶化，新石器时代水稻种植加剧，破坏了湿地的稳定性，加速了泥炭退化，改变了碳储量。这些发现表明，LYR泥炭层的发育不仅受区域季风强度的控制，还受当地水文气候阈值、地貌稳定性和人为干扰的相互作用。该研究强调了沿海泥炭层对极端气候和人为压力的脆弱性，为理解过去的人类-环境反馈提供了见解，并为湿地保护和碳管理的现代战略提供了信息。

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引用次数: 0

From Neanderthals to Homo sapiens: New palaeoecological and tephrocronological data from the MIS3 layers of Grotta-Riparo di Uluzzo C (Apulia, southern Italy) 从尼安德特人到智人：来自意大利南部阿普利亚地区Grotta-Riparo di Uluzzo C地层MIS3层的新古生态和温度测定数据

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109830

Juan Ochando , Donatella Magri , Biagio Giaccio , Giovanni Zanchetta , Antonino Vazzana , Omry Barzilai , Francesco Berna , Gruppo Speleologico Neretino , Giulia Marciani , Andrea Zerboni , Sara Silvestrini , Enza E. Spinapolice , Adriana Moroni , Gabriele Terlato , Matteo Romandini , Stefano Benazzi

The southern Italian Peninsula plays a crucial role as a biogeographical hotspot in Southern Europe, influenced significantly by the Mediterranean climate. This environment acted as a glacial refuge for diverse flora and fauna, humans included. This study employs pollen analysis on Mousterian and Uluzzian sediments from Grotta-Riparo di Uluzzo C in the Salento Peninsula (southern Italy) to reconstruct the vegetation landscapes encountered by the late Italian Neanderthals (thus far associated with the Mousterian) and early modern humans (linked to the Uluzzian) during the mid Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 3. Our palynological analyses reveal a distinctive and diverse environment within the Mediterranean landscape. Tephrochronological and OSL constraints and paleoenvironmental variability consistently allow us to date the investigated interval between ∼46.6 ka and 43.4 ka, encompassing the second part of the long Greenland interstadial 12 (GI-12) and the onset of the GI-11. Over these three millennia, the environment in the area of Uluzzo C is characterized by a rich flora mainly composed of evergreen elements. Additionally, heliophytes such as Amaranthaceae, Artemisia, and Poaceae are observed. The consistent presence of pollen taxa such as Juglans, and Pinus halepensis/pinea, among others, highlights the importance of this coastal area of Apulia for the long-term persistence of Mediterranean species during the Late Pleistocene. These taxa could be supported by a generally mild climate, as suggested by the occurrence of Olea, Myrtus, and Cistus. These diverse environments would undeniably have offered various opportunities for the survival of Neanderthals and early Upper Palaeolithic hominins, especially during the warm phases and, critically, the cold events of the Late Pleistocene. Our integrated approach underscores the importance of Grotta-Riparo di Uluzzo C as a MIS 3 archive, contributing to the ongoing debate on the spatial extent of glacial refugia. Our data from Uluzzo C corroborate the previous idea that the climatic and environmental setting were not the main reason for Neanderthals' abandonment of Uluzzo Bay and potentially southern Italy around 45,000 years ago.

意大利半岛南部受地中海气候影响较大，是南欧生物地理热点地区。这个环境是包括人类在内的各种动植物的冰川避难所。本研究对意大利南部萨伦托半岛（Salento Peninsula） Grotta-Riparo di Uluzzo C地区的Mousterian和Uluzzian沉积物进行了花粉分析，重建了晚期意大利尼安德特人（迄今为止与Mousterian有关）和早期现代人（与Uluzzian有关）在海洋同位素阶段（MIS）中期所遇到的植被景观。我们的孢粉学分析揭示了地中海景观中独特而多样的环境。温度年代学和OSL约束以及古环境变率一致地使我们能够确定所研究的时间间隔在~ 46.6 ka和43.4 ka之间，包括长格陵兰岛间期12 （GI-12）的第二部分和GI-11的开始。在这三千年里，乌鲁佐C地区的环境以丰富的植物群为特征，主要由常绿元素组成。此外，还观察到苋科、蒿科和禾本科等向日葵植物。诸如Juglans和Pinus halepensis/pinea等花粉分类群的持续存在突出了普利亚沿海地区在晚更新世期间地中海物种长期存在的重要性。这些分类群可能存在于普遍温和的气候中，如油橄榄属、桃金娘属和桃金娘属的出现。不可否认，这些多样化的环境为尼安德特人和旧石器时代早期的人类提供了各种生存机会，尤其是在温暖时期，更重要的是，在晚更新世的寒冷时期。我们的综合方法强调了Grotta-Riparo di Uluzzo C作为MIS 3档案的重要性，为冰川避难所的空间范围的持续争论做出了贡献。我们来自乌鲁佐C区的数据证实了之前的观点，即气候和环境环境并不是尼安德特人在大约4.5万年前放弃乌鲁佐湾和可能的意大利南部的主要原因。

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引用次数: 0