Quaternary Science Reviews最新文献_第6页

Stable isotope dendroclimatology in Southern African Savannas 南部非洲稀树草原的稳定同位素树木气候学

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109730

M.E. Niemand , S.M. Woodborne , F.H. Neumann

Classical dendrochronology uses annually formed anatomical proxies such as tree-ring width to reconstruct environmental conditions. The scarcity of classical tree-ring studies coincides with the distribution of the Southern African Savannas, where tree adaptations limit its application. Savanna trees exhibit adaptive strategies to survive fire, herbivory, and frequent multi-season droughts that lead to indistinct growth-rings that are potentially not annually formed and therefore unsuitable as age or environmental proxies in palaeoclimate reconstructions. With some caveats, these shortcomings can be overcome. Stable isotope ratios, such as δ¹³C in radial growth increments, can serve as a proxy for environmental conditions in trees lacking annual rings. We present a 3-step framework for generating isotope dendroclimatology from such trees: (1) radiocarbon dating as an age indicator, (2) stable isotope ratios as an environmental proxy, and (3) instrumental climate data comparisons to test the environmental sensitivity of the isotope chronology. In a multi-tree chronology, the age models are key. The radiocarbon chronology acts as an initial constraint for the δ¹³C record for individual trees and using a parsimonious approach that presumes a common environmental signal between trees, each δ¹³C chronology becomes an a priory input into refining the individual age models within limits set by the radiocarbon precision to yield the master chronology. Establishing the sensitivity of δ¹³C proxy records to climate forcing adheres to the same requirements as classical dendrochronology. Although annual resolution is unattainable, reconstructions elucidating decadal to centennial-scale trends in regions with few long-lived trees nevertheless contribute to long-term climate trends.

经典的树木年代学使用每年形成的解剖学指标，如树木年轮宽度来重建环境条件。经典的树木年轮研究的缺乏与南部非洲稀树草原的分布一致，在那里树木的适应限制了它的应用。稀树草原树木表现出适应火灾、草食和频繁的多季干旱的策略，导致生长年轮不明显，可能不是每年形成的，因此不适合作为古气候重建的年龄或环境指标。尽管有一些注意事项，但这些缺点是可以克服的。径向生长增量δ13C等稳定同位素比值可以作为缺乏年轮的树木环境条件的代表。我们提出了从这些树木中生成同位素树木气候学的三步框架：(1)放射性碳定年作为年龄指标，(2)稳定同位素比率作为环境代理，(3)仪器气候数据比较以测试同位素年代学的环境敏感性。在多树年表中，年龄模型是关键。放射性碳年代学作为单个树木δ13C记录的初始约束，使用假设树木之间存在共同环境信号的简约方法，每个δ13C年代学成为在放射性碳精度设定的范围内精炼单个年龄模型的优先输入，从而产生主年代学。建立δ13C代用记录对气候强迫的敏感性符合经典树木年代学的要求。尽管年际分辨率无法实现，但在年际到百年尺度的树木很少的地区，重建结果阐明了年代际到百年尺度的趋势，但有助于长期气候趋势。

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引用次数: 0

Holocene vegetation dynamics and anthropogenic imprints in the Chinese Loess Plateau: Insights from pollen records 中国黄土高原全新世植被动态与人为印记：来自花粉记录的启示

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109732

Zeyu Liu , Yajie Dong , Suping Peng , Anning Cui , Xian Li

Holocene vegetation dynamics in the Chinese Loess Plateau (CLP) are crucial for understanding East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) impacts on paleoenvironments and human societies. Technical limitations in pollen extraction and chronology have hindered comprehensive understanding of spatiotemporal patterns and their driving mechanisms. Using an improved pollen extraction method, we analyzed pollen and charcoal from three loess-paleosol sections (Huanxian, Jingchuan, and Yaoxian) to reconstruct regional vegetation history and anthropogenic impacts. Our results demonstrate that steppe vegetation (dominated by Taraxacum, Artemisia, Aster, Chenopodiaceae, Poaceae, and Hippophae) prevailed throughout the Holocene, with significant increase in forest components during the mid-Holocene. A significant ecological transition occurred approximately 2.0 ka (corresponding to the Qin-Han period), marked by significant increases in charcoal (indicating fire activities), Hippophae (reflecting shrub colonization), and Brassicaceae (demonstrating agriculturalization), revealing systematic human modification of ecosystems. Spatial analysis shows this anthropogenic impact followed the regional climate gradient, appearing earlier and more intensely in the warmer/wetter southeast (Yaoxian) than in the arid northwest (Huanxian). We propose a dual-control framework where climate primarily governed biome-scale vegetation patterns, while human activities secondarily modified species composition and ecosystem structure at local scales during the late Holocene. These findings provide new insights into long-term human-environment interactions in semi-arid regions.

中国黄土高原全新世植被动态对了解东亚夏季风对古环境和人类社会的影响具有重要意义。花粉提取和年代学的技术限制阻碍了对时空格局及其驱动机制的全面理解。采用改良的花粉提取方法，对环县、靖川和姚县3个黄土-古土壤剖面的花粉和木炭进行了分析，重建了区域植被历史和人为影响。结果表明，整个全新世以草原科植物（Taraxacum, Artemisia, Aster, Chenopodiaceae, Poaceae, Hippophae）为主，森林成分在全新世中期显著增加。大约2.0 ka（对应秦汉时期）发生了一次显著的生态转变，以木炭（表明火活动）、棘科（反映灌木殖民）和十字花科（表明农业化）的显著增加为标志，揭示了人类对生态系统的系统改造。空间分析表明，这种人为影响遵循区域气候梯度，东南偏暖湿润地区（耀县）比西北偏干旱地区（环县）出现得更早、更强烈。我们提出了一个双重控制框架，即在全新世晚期，气候主要控制生物群落尺度的植被格局，而人类活动次要改变局部尺度的物种组成和生态系统结构。这些发现为半干旱地区人类与环境的长期相互作用提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Linkages between Caribbean hydroclimate, atmospheric CO2, and methane production on orbital to millennial timescales 加勒比水文气候、大气二氧化碳和甲烷在轨道上与千年时间尺度之间的联系

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109716

Meilun Zhang , Martín Medina-Elizalde , Stephen Burns , Josué Polanco-Martinez , Ambarish Karmalkar , David McGee , Hsun-Ming Hu , Chuan-Chou Shen

We present the oldest speleothem isotope record from Central America and the Caribbean, a high-resolution stalagmite (“Katún”) spanning discontinuously ∼198–322 ka BP, that documents hydroclimate variability across glacial–interglacial and millennial timescales. Katún δ¹⁸O covaries significantly with atmospheric CO₂ and CH₄, and multivariate analyses show that CO₂ + CH₄ together explain more variance in δ¹⁸O than either gas alone. Consistent with a CO₂-mediated SST mechanism, Katún δ¹⁸O correlates with tropical Atlantic and eastern Pacific SST reconstructions, indicating that radiative forcing influenced Caribbean precipitation primarily through tropical surface warming. At millennial scales, Katún δ¹⁸O tracks North Atlantic variability: it aligns with CH₄ peaks associated with Greenland D–O cycles and with detrital proxies of Heinrich-type ice-rafting, implicating AMOC-paced ITCZ shifts and SST-driven convection as key controls. A weak Katún–Cariaco Mo relationship highlights proxy sensitivities and argues against ITCZ migration as the sole driver. In contrast to Asian monsoon archives, Katún shows little precessional insolation imprint, emphasizing the dominance of internal ocean–atmosphere dynamics (AMOC, SSTs) in regulating Caribbean hydroclimate and modulating tropical wetland methane emissions during MIS 7–9.

我们展示了来自中美洲和加勒比地区最古老的洞穴同位素记录，一个高分辨率石笋（“Katún”）不连续地跨越198-322 ka BP，记录了跨越冰期-间冰期和千年时间尺度的水文气候变化。Katún δ18O与大气CO2和CH4的协方差显著，多变量分析表明，CO2 + CH4共同解释δ18O的方差比单独解释任一气体更大。与co2介导的海温机制一致，Katún δ18O与热带大西洋和东太平洋海温重建相关，表明辐射强迫主要通过热带地表变暖影响加勒比海降水。在千禧年尺度上，Katún δ18O追踪北大西洋的变率：它与格陵兰D-O旋回相关的CH4峰值和heinrich型漂流的碎屑代用物一致，暗示amoc主导的ITCZ移动和海温驱动的对流是关键控制因素。微弱的Katún-Cariaco Mo关系突出了代理敏感性，并反对ITCZ移民是唯一的驱动因素。与亚洲季风档案相比，Katún几乎没有岁差日照印记，强调了在MIS 7-9期间，内部海洋-大气动力学（AMOC, SSTs）在调节加勒比水文气候和调节热带湿地甲烷排放中的主导地位。

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引用次数: 0

Climate change and hominin behavioral adaptations during the Marine Isotope Stage 5 to 4 transition: a case study from Donggou site, Nihewan Basin, North China 海洋同位素第5 - 4阶段过渡时期的气候变化与人类行为适应——以泥河湾盆地东沟遗址为例

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109714

Jingyue Xu , Dongwei Niu , Shengrui Zhang , Yujie Guo , Xiaoli Li , Shuwen Pei

The transition from Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 to MIS 4 was a major climatic shift that affected hominin biological and cultural evolution in eastern Eurasia. Marked by abrupt climatic shifts, this stage is characterized by notable diversification in hominin behavior. Technological and behavioral changes co-occurred with fluctuating ecological regimes, coinciding with the transition of millennial-scale climate events at the terminus of MIS 5, forcing hominins to develop new strategies to exploit their environment. Temporal multi-proxy-based climate and environmental reconstructions from the Donggou site in the Nihewan Basin of North China offer a high-resolution archive of climatic variation for this period, providing insights into its impact on hominin adaptive strategies. Luminescence dating indicates that the Donggou site was formed between 126.1 and 70.1 ka, and hominins occupied the site from 76 to 74ka. Our results suggest that the regional climate was colder and drier than today and underwent frequent climatic fluctuations that drove environmental and landscape changes. The Donggou hominins persisted in the initial arid phase. They continued to occupy the river floodplain landscape during the mild and moist Dansgaard-Oeschger event of late MIS 5a, before the climate deterioration of the MIS 4 episode. The Donggou archaeological data revealed flexible adaptive strategies, including the effective use of high-quality lithic raw materials, an increase in retouched tools, systematic exploitation of ungulates, and the use of fire. Other sites in the region exhibited different adaptive strategies, collectively indicating hominin behavioral diversification during this period. We suggest that climate oscillation during the MIS 5–4 transition may have promoted hominins to adjust their strategies and develop solutions to challenging environments, leading to increased behavioral flexibility and capabilities when facing landscape turnover from lakeshore to river floodplain habitats after the Nihewan Old Lake dies out.

从海洋同位素阶段（MIS） 5到MIS 4的过渡是影响欧亚大陆东部古人类生物和文化进化的主要气候转变。以气候突变为标志，这一阶段的特征是人类行为的显著多样化。技术和行为变化与波动的生态制度同时发生，与MIS 5末端千年尺度气候事件的转变相吻合，迫使人类制定新的策略来利用他们的环境。华北泥河湾盆地东沟遗址基于多代用物的气候环境重建提供了这一时期气候变化的高分辨率档案，为人类适应策略的影响提供了见解。发光测年表明，东沟遗址形成于126.1 ~ 70.1 ka之间，人类活动时间为76 ~ 74ka。我们的研究结果表明，区域气候比现在更冷、更干燥，并且经历了频繁的气候波动，推动了环境和景观的变化。东沟古人类停留在最初的干旱阶段。在MIS 5a后期温和湿润的Dansgaard-Oeschger事件期间，在MIS 4事件气候恶化之前，它们继续占据河漫滩景观。东沟考古数据显示了灵活的适应策略，包括有效利用高质量的石器原材料，增加修饰工具，系统地开发有蹄类动物，以及使用火。该地区的其他遗址表现出不同的适应策略，共同表明人类在这一时期的行为多样化。我们认为，MIS 5-4过渡期间的气候振荡可能促使古人类调整策略并制定应对挑战环境的解决方案，从而在泥河湾老湖消失后，面对从湖岸到河漫滩生境的景观转换时，增加了行为的灵活性和能力。

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引用次数: 0

New chronological results from Chaohu Lake Palaeolithic sites in the lower Yangtze River, South China 华南长江下游巢湖旧石器时代遗址的新年代学结果

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109728

Shuangwen Yi , Zhe Dong , Shijia Zhan , Shuwen Pei , Huayu Lu

Systematic field investigations and excavations in the lower Yangtze River region have uncovered numerous open-air Palaeolithic sites, yielding a wealth of stone artifacts crucial for understanding lithic technological evolution and hominin adaptive behaviors during the Middle to Late Pleistocene in South China. However, chronological frameworks and technological patterns in this region remain underexplored. This study applies multiple luminescence dating techniques to establish precise age estimates for three Palaeolithic sites in the Chaohu Lake region of Anhui Province, South China. Our high-resolution geochronological results indicate site occupation from approximately 200 to 30 ka. The lower archaeological unit, containing large scrapers, cleavers, and handaxes, dates to 200–70 ka, marking the emergence of a Large Cutting Tool techno-complex during MIS 5, possibly extending into MIS 6 or 7. In contrast, the upper archaeological unit, dated to 60–30 ka, is dominated by small flakes and flaked tools, reflecting the development of lithic miniaturization and an increased reliance on high-quality raw materials during MIS 3. These findings reveal a technological shift from Acheulean large flake technology to the dominance of miniaturized flake tools from the late Middle Pleistocene to the Late Pleistocene, closely linked to environmental and ecological changes in South China.

在长江下游地区进行了系统的野外调查和发掘，发现了大量的露天旧石器时代遗址，这些遗址为了解中国南方中晚更新世时期的石器技术进化和人类适应行为提供了重要的石器文物。然而，该地区的时间框架和技术模式仍未得到充分探索。本研究运用多种发光测年技术，对安徽省巢湖地区的三个旧石器时代遗址进行了精确的年龄估计。我们的高分辨率地质年代学结果表明，遗址的占用时间约为200至30 ka。较低的考古单位，包含大型刮刀，切刀和手斧，可追溯到200-70 ka，标志着在MIS 5期间出现了大型切削工具技术综合体，可能延伸到MIS 6或7。相比之下，上部考古单元（60-30 ka）以小薄片和片状工具为主，反映了MIS 3时期石器小型化的发展和对高质量原材料的依赖程度的增加。这些发现揭示了从中更新世晚期到晚更新世，阿舍利大薄片技术向小型化薄片工具为主的技术转变，与华南地区的环境和生态变化密切相关。

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引用次数: 0

A comparison of Holocene temperature reconstructions from vegetation proxies and brGDGTs in northern Fennoscandia 芬诺斯坎迪亚北部植被指标与brGDGTs重建的全新世温度比较

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109727

Liva Trasune , Lilia E. Orozco , J. Sakari Salonen , Gerard A. Otiniano , Trevor J. Porter , Jan Weckström , Michael A. Phillips , Frederik Schenk , Maija Heikkilä

Studies on Holocene climate conditions commonly show discrepancies between different proxy-based reconstructions, calling for in-depth analysis of both the proxies and the derived climate reconstructions. Here, we conducted multi-proxy Holocene warm-season temperature reconstructions for a sedimentary record from Lake Tippakuru in northeastern Finland, using pollen, plant macrofossils, and the novel branched glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (brGDGTs) as climate proxies. In addition, we prepared a regional climate reconstruction by integrating pollen-based reconstructions from nearby sites. Mainly, we evaluated the potential of using brGDGTs as a climate proxy and compared the reconstructed climate shifts with those reconstructed from classical vegetation-based proxies (pollen and plant macrofossils). We see significant discrepancies between the three proxies, most notably during the early Holocene where plant macrofossils and brGDGTs indicate warm conditions while the pollen-based reconstructions are equivocal and strongly depend on the quantitative reconstruction method used. Additionally, the brGDGT records indicate an abrupt cooling at ca. 5.8 cal ka BP which is not seen in the classical proxies at the study site, but only in neighbouring localities. The results highlight the need for modern-day studies on seasonal variability and bacterial sources of brGDGTs to disentangle non-thermal biases and evaluate seasonal imprints in temperature reconstructions. In general, our results imply that not only the choice of climate proxies but also the methodological choices in the proxy-based quantitative reconstructions affect the climatic interpretation, especially during the early Holocene transitional period. We highlight the need for both multi-proxy and multi-method approaches in paleoclimate studies, as well as the need to expand the knowledge of brGDGT responses to climatic and other environmental variables.

全新世气候条件的研究通常显示不同的代理重建结果之间存在差异，因此需要对代理和衍生的气候重建结果进行深入分析。本文利用花粉、植物宏观化石和新型支链甘油二烷基甘油四醚（brGDGTs）作为气候代用物，对芬兰东北部蒂帕库鲁湖的沉积记录进行了全新世暖季温度重建。此外，我们通过整合附近站点的花粉重建，准备了区域气候重建。主要评估了brGDGTs作为气候代用物的潜力，并将重建的气候变化与基于经典植被代用物（花粉和植物大化石）重建的气候变化进行了比较。我们发现三个指标之间存在显著差异，最明显的是在全新世早期，植物大化石和brgdgt显示了温暖的环境，而基于花粉的重建是模棱两可的，并且强烈依赖于所使用的定量重建方法。此外，brGDGT记录表明，在大约5.8 cal ka BP时出现了一次突然冷却，这在研究地点的经典代用物中没有出现，而只在邻近地区出现。这些结果强调了对brGDGTs的季节变化和细菌来源进行现代研究的必要性，以解开非热偏差并评估温度重建中的季节性印记。总体而言，我们的研究结果表明，在基于气候指标的定量重建中，不仅气候指标的选择会影响气候解释，而且方法的选择也会影响气候解释，尤其是在全新世早期过渡时期。我们强调在古气候研究中需要多代理和多方法方法，以及需要扩大brGDGT对气候和其他环境变量的响应的知识。

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引用次数: 0

Hydroclimate forcing and anthropogenic impacts trigger an early (∼1650 cal yr BP) regime shift in Chenghai Lake (China) 水文气候强迫和人为影响引发澄海早期（~ 1650 calyr BP）气候变化

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109726

Qian Wang , John P. Smol , Kathleen M. Rühland , Rong Wang , Xiangdong Yang , Enlou Zhang , Yanjie Zhao , Yanling Li

Regime shifts in lake ecosystems are critical responses to cumulative environmental stress, yet the roles of climate variability and human activities in driving these transitions remain unclear, particularly in regions with long-term human-environment interactions. Here we reconstruct ∼8000 years of ecological dynamics in Chenghai Lake, a closed-basin lake in Southwest China, using cladoceran assemblages, sedimentary chlorophyll a, and geochemical records. We identify a major regime shift at ca. 1650 cal yr BP, characterized by a species turnover from planktonic to littoral and macrophyte-associated cladoceran communities, accompanied by declining primary productivity and increasing turbidity. This ecosystem shift was driven by progressive evaporation, monsoon weakening, and intensified catchment disturbance from deforestation and agriculture that collectively led to severe hydrological stress. Indicators of resilience (autocorrelation at lag-1 (AR1) and variance) suggest a gradual loss of system stability preceding the shift. Our findings suggest that coupled climate-vegetation-hydrology pressures can progressively destabilize lake ecosystems, promoting abrupt and persistent ecological transitions.

湖泊生态系统的状态变化是对累积环境压力的关键响应，但气候变率和人类活动在推动这些变化中的作用尚不清楚，特别是在人类与环境长期相互作用的地区。本文利用支海组合、沉积叶绿素a和地球化学记录重建了中国西南部澄海—8000年来的生态动态。在大约1650 calyr BP，我们发现了一个主要的制度转变，其特征是从浮游生物到滨海和大型植物相关的枝海群落的物种更替，伴随着初级生产力的下降和浊度的增加。这种生态系统转变是由逐渐蒸发、季风减弱以及森林砍伐和农业造成的集水区干扰加剧所驱动的，这些因素共同导致了严重的水文压力。弹性指标（lag-1 （AR1）和方差的自相关）表明，在转变之前，系统稳定性逐渐丧失。我们的研究结果表明，气候-植被-水文耦合压力会逐渐破坏湖泊生态系统的稳定，促进突然和持续的生态转变。

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引用次数: 0

Terrestrial ecosystem development since ∼21 ka in the core of the central Patagonian Andes (∼45°S) 巴塔哥尼亚中部安第斯山脉核心地带（~ 45°S） ~ 21 ka以来陆地生态系统的发展

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109616

P.I. Moreno , J. Videla , R.P. Villa-Martínez

We examine the vegetation and environmental evolution on the central Patagonian Andes over the last ∼21,000 years. This mid-latitude region of South America (45°S) is strongly affected by glaciers, the Southern Westerly Winds (SWW), explosive volcanism, fires, and human activities. Our lake sediment records show the highest abundance of cold-tolerant herbs and shrubs during the final portion of the Last Glacial Maximum (=LGM), which decline after ∼17.9 ka and nearly disappear after ∼12 ka. Hygrophilous tree pollen increased at ∼17.4 ka and ∼14.7 ka followed by prominent increases in Nothofagus at ∼16.7 ka and ∼12.1 ka. An abrupt transition led to Nothofagus-dominated forests that have persisted since ∼12 ka with minor variations despite intense fire and explosive volcanic activity. We interpret cold and humid conditions during the LGM, followed by deglacial warming after ∼17.9 ka, wetting events at ∼16.7 ka and ∼14.7 ka associated with enhanced SWW influence, warming and a decline in precipitation and SWW influence at ∼12.6 ka, and warm-temperate and sufficiently wet conditions over the last ∼12,000 years. Disturbance by fire and explosive volcanism have driven intermittent episodes of fragmentation/canopy openness at centennial timescale during the Holocene, superposed upon hydrologic balance variations and human activities. Our results suggest that scattered populations of hygrophilous trees and herbs inhabited the eastern margin of the Patagonian Ice Sheet during the LGM and expanded toward the Pacific slopes and archipelagoes during the Last Glacial Termination, contributing to the afforestation of central-west Patagonia.

我们研究了过去~ 21000年来巴塔哥尼亚中部安第斯山脉的植被和环境演变。南美洲的这个中纬度地区（45°S）受到冰川、南西风（SWW）、爆炸性火山活动、火灾和人类活动的强烈影响。我们的湖泊沉积物记录显示，耐寒草本植物和灌木的丰度在末次盛冰期末期（=LGM）最高，在~ 17.9 ka后减少，在~ 12 ka后几乎消失。亲湿树木花粉在~ 17.4 ka和~ 14.7 ka增加，其次是Nothofagus在~ 16.7 ka和~ 12.1 ka显著增加。一个突然的转变导致nothofagus主导的森林自约12 ka以来一直存在，尽管有强烈的火灾和爆炸性的火山活动，但变化很小。我们解释了LGM期间的寒冷和潮湿条件，随后是~ 17.9 ka后的脱冰变暖，与SWW影响增强相关的~ 16.7 ka和~ 14.7 ka的湿润事件，与降水和SWW影响增强相关的~ 12.6 ka的变暖和减少，以及过去~ 12000年的温暖和充足潮湿条件。在全新世期间，由于水文平衡变化和人类活动的影响，在百年时间尺度上，火和爆炸性火山活动的干扰导致了间断性的破碎/冠层开放。研究结果表明，在LGM时期，巴塔哥尼亚冰盖东部边缘分布着散居的喜湿树木和草本植物种群，在末次冰期末期，它们向太平洋斜坡和群岛扩张，为巴塔哥尼亚中西部的植树造林做出了贡献。

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引用次数: 0

Holocene sea-ice and productivity changes on the Scotian Shelf, NW Atlantic 西北大西洋苏格兰陆架全新世海冰与生产力变化

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109694

Peter Matzerath , Henriette M. Kolling , Markus Kienast , Kirsten Fahl , Ruediger Stein , Felix Gross , Ralph R. Schneider

The Scotian Shelf is affected by the confluence of cold polar and warm Gulf Stream-influenced waters, making it particularly sensitive to record past ocean and climate variability. Despite this paleoenvironmental significance, major gaps in our understanding of Holocene ocean and climate dynamics persist, particularly in terms of sea ice and marine productivity. Here, we use a combination of biomarkers, specifically the sea-ice proxy IP₂₅, together with biomarkers for productivity (i.e., brassicasterol, dinosterol, total organic carbon) and terrigenous input (campesterol) in a sediment core from the northeastern Scotian Shelf to resolve Holocene changes in sea ice and marine productivity. During the Early Holocene, our results show increased spring sea-ice algae and reduced marine productivity, which we posit to be linked to a strongly reduced regional sea level together with increased inflow of meltwater favoring the formation of an expanded seasonal sea-ice cover on the Scotian Shelf. After 6 cal ka BP, the Scotian Shelf became predominantly free of sea ice due to a decreased influence of meltwater and a rise in local sea level. After 2.5 cal ka BP and coinciding with the Late Holocene Neoglacial cooling, the Scotian Shelf might have been affected by episodic sea-ice readvances, consistent with other regional on- and offshore paleoclimate studies. In summary, our records suggest a strong link between sea-ice extent, marine productivity, and Holocene variations in regional sea level, and ocean and atmosphere conditions, i.e., the strength of Gulf of St. Lawrence outflow and Labrador Current, and prevailing North Atlantic Oscillation anomalies.

苏格兰大陆架受到寒冷的极地和温暖的墨西哥湾流影响的海水汇合的影响，使它对记录过去的海洋和气候变化特别敏感。尽管具有这种古环境意义，但我们对全新世海洋和气候动力学的理解仍然存在重大差距，特别是在海冰和海洋生产力方面。在这里，我们使用生物标志物，特别是海冰代理IP25，以及生产力生物标志物（即油菜甾醇，甾醇，总有机碳）和陆源输入（油菜甾醇）的组合来解决全新世海冰和海洋生产力的变化。在全新世早期，我们的研究结果表明，春季海冰藻类增加，海洋生产力下降，我们认为这与区域海平面大幅下降以及融水流入增加有关，有利于在苏格兰大陆架上形成扩大的季节性海冰覆盖。在6 cal ka BP之后，由于融水的影响减弱和当地海平面上升，苏格兰陆架基本上没有海冰。在2.5 cal ka BP之后，与晚全新世新冰期冷却相吻合，苏格兰大陆架可能受到了间歇性海冰推进的影响，这与其他区域性陆地和近海古气候研究结果一致。总之，我们的记录表明，海冰范围、海洋生产力、全新世区域海平面变化、海洋和大气条件（即圣劳伦斯湾流出流和拉布拉多流的强度，以及北大西洋涛动的普遍异常）之间存在着密切的联系。

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引用次数: 0

Declining marine resource use over five centuries of human adaptation on Guanahaní (San Salvador), The Bahamas 五个世纪以来，人类对海洋资源利用的适应不断下降，网址为Guanahaní（圣萨尔瓦多），巴哈马

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109686

Rick J. Schulting , Mary Jane Berman , Grace Turner , Joanna Ostapkowicz

There remains considerable debate over the scale and nature of impacts by pre-industrial, small-scale societies on the natural environment. In the pre-Columbian Caribbean, this has included clear evidence for terrestrial extirpations and extinctions, as well as more equivocal evidence for the over-exploitation of near-shore marine resources. Bringing a new line of evidence to this debate, we present the results of a radiocarbon and stable isotope project undertaken on pre-Columbian (Lucayan) human remains from Guanahaní (San Salvador), The Bahamas. The dates obtained range between ca. AD 900 and 1400, encompassing much of the known settlement history of the island, as demonstrated through a comparison with Bayesian modeling of radiocarbon dates from settlements. Associated mean human stable carbon isotope (δ¹³C) values changed significantly over this period, from ca. −11.8‰ to ca. −14.6‰, consistent with previous suggestions of a decline in the use of marine resources across the archipelago as a whole. We interpret this as a result of local resource depletion through over-exploitation, impacting human decision-making in favour of greater emphasis on managed terrestrial resources. The available zooarchaeological evidence offers some support for a shift in marine resource use that is consistent with this scenario. Our results provide an independent line of evidence supporting the potential for small human populations to significantly affect their environments.

关于工业化前小规模社会对自然环境影响的规模和性质，仍然存在相当大的争论。在前哥伦布时期的加勒比地区，这包括陆地灭绝和灭绝的明确证据，以及对近岸海洋资源的过度开发的更模棱两可的证据。为这场辩论带来新的证据，我们提出了对来自巴哈马Guanahaní（圣萨尔瓦多）的前哥伦比亚（卢卡亚）人类遗骸进行的放射性碳和稳定同位素项目的结果。通过与定居点放射性碳年代的贝叶斯模型的比较，可以证明，所获得的日期范围在公元900年至1400年之间，涵盖了岛上已知的大部分定居历史。相关的平均人类稳定碳同位素（δ13C）值在此期间发生了显著变化，从约- 11.8‰到约- 14.6‰，与之前关于整个群岛海洋资源利用下降的建议一致。我们认为，这是由于过度开发导致当地资源枯竭，影响了人类决策，有利于更加重视管理的陆地资源。现有的动物考古学证据为海洋资源利用的转变提供了一些支持，这与这种情况是一致的。我们的研究结果提供了一条独立的证据线，支持小群体对其环境产生重大影响的潜力。

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引用次数: 0