Quaternary Science Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Hydroclimate changes on the Chinese loess plateau during Marine isotope stage 3 revealed by multi-proxy speleothem records","authors":"Yijia Liang ,&nbsp;Bin Zhao ,&nbsp;Jinguo Dong ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Cong ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongjin Wang ,&nbsp;R. Lawrence Edwards","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109802","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2026.109802","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) is crucial to hydroclimatic anomalies on the Chinese Loess Plateau, although the relationship between them is ambiguous during the last glacial period. Based on ²³⁰Th/U dating, stable isotope and trace metal data from one stalagmite (No. L30), we reconstruct the evolution of EASM and palaeohydroclimate on the Chinese Loess Plateau from 53 to 38 ka BP during Marine Isotope Stage 3. On the millennial timescale, the δ¹⁸O record (a proxy of EASM intensity) captures Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) 8–14 and Heinrich (H) 4–5 events, which are imprinted in δ¹³C and trace metal records. By applying principal component analysis to δ¹³C and trace metal data, we derived a local precipitation record that changes consistently with rapid monsoon shifts at the onset of DO and H events. However, disparities exist, manifested as an anomalously high-precipitation period from 44 to 38 ka BP, which is not observed in the trendless EASM record but is supported by records from northern and northwestern China. Orbital-scale climatic background of the global ice volume and precession could have caused the sub-orbital decoupling between the EASM circulation and regional rainfall in northern and northwestern China. Ice sheet advance during glaciation cools the northern high latitudes and forces the strengthening and southward movement of the westerly jet, while low precession causes the westward expansion of the Western Pacific Subtropical High. A strong westerly jet carries moisture from the Atlantic Ocean, encountering the moist water vapor from the Pacific Ocean, leading to the development of the frontal rain, and thus the high-precipitation period since 44 ka BP in northern and northwestern China. Therefore, local rainfall on the Chinese Loess Plateau generally couples with the EASM circulation on the millennial timescale, but decoupling could also occur due to the influence of other climatic subsystems, including the westerly jet and the Western Pacific Subtropical High, which are modulated by orbital-scale background conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"375 ","pages":"Article 109802"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bipolar volcanic ice-core synchronization of the entire last glacial period","authors":"Anders Svensson ,&nbsp;Guido Vettoretti ,&nbsp;Jia-mei Lin ,&nbsp;Giulia Sinnl ,&nbsp;Dorthe Dahl-Jensen ,&nbsp;Jørgen Peder Steffensen ,&nbsp;Sune Olander Rasmussen ,&nbsp;Bo Vinther ,&nbsp;Christine Hvidberg ,&nbsp;Helle Astrid Kjær ,&nbsp;Vasileios Gkinis ,&nbsp;Eliza Cook ,&nbsp;Johannes Lohmann ,&nbsp;Jonathan Ortved Melcher ,&nbsp;Sune Halkjær ,&nbsp;Sepp Kipfstuhl ,&nbsp;Frank Wilhelms ,&nbsp;Florian Adolphi ,&nbsp;Hubertus Fischer ,&nbsp;Matthias Bigler ,&nbsp;Raimund Muscheler","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precise synchronization of paleoclimate records is essential for inferring the dynamics and past evolution of the climate system. For the last glacial period, the time scales of ice cores from the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets have been synchronized by the use of cosmogenic radionuclides, atmospheric gas concentrations, and traces of large volcanic eruptions. Here we identify the sulfate deposition signatures of the same 300 volcanic eruptions in different Greenland and Antarctic ice cores to obtain an inter-hemispheric volcanic ice-core synchronization of the entire last glacial period and the early Holocene (10–110 ka). Compared to earlier bipolar volcanic synchronizations, we close a gap in the period 16.5–24.5 ka and extend the synchronization to cover the 10–12 ka and 60–110 ka intervals. Furthermore, we increase the density of bipolar match points and make updates and corrections of the existing bipolar and unipolar synchronizations. The volcanic synchronization is in agreement with existing bipolar synchronizations from independent ¹⁰Be and methane matching. The bipolar volcanic synchronization allows us to determine the precise phasing of interhemispheric abrupt climate events throughout the last glacial period, particularly those associated with Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) events. Our improved synchronization and extended time period allow us to show that at the time of the D-O warming transitions, the average Antarctic temperature reaches a maximum within decades after the Greenland temperature maximum. This rapid Antarctic warming is superimposed on the well-known millennial-scale thermal bipolar-seesaw warming in Antarctica commonly attributed to oceanic heat transport and confirms earlier work that the abrupt change observed in Greenland is associated with a direct atmospheric circulation change at a global scale. The exception to this pattern occurs for the EDML ice-coring site located in the Atlantic sector of Antarctica, potentially related to sea-ice conditions in the Weddell Sea. Comparison to state-of-the-art climate model simulations shows excellent agreement in the overall bipolar climate phasing at the warming transitions and allows for analysis of the climate-system behavior at those transitions. The model simulations suggest that the abrupt Antarctic warming response observed is connected with an interhemispheric atmospheric response involving a global scale reorganization of the zonal mean atmospheric circulation. The abrupt D-O surface warming signal in the Northern Hemisphere is teleconnected into an abrupt Antarctic surface warming through changes in the Southern Hemisphere eddy-driven jet and anomalous circulation changes in the associated Ferrel and Polar cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"375 ","pages":"Article 109755"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paleoseismic evidence for the 1730 Mw ≥9 Chile earthquake in a former coastal lagoon: an infrequent, shallow, tsunamigenic rupture with plausible near-term recurrence","authors":"Marco Cisternas ,&nbsp;Bladimir Saldaña ,&nbsp;Lisa L. Ely ,&nbsp;Robert L. Wesson ,&nbsp;Mario Guerra ,&nbsp;Dominik Brill ,&nbsp;Daniel Melnick ,&nbsp;Allison Espinoza ,&nbsp;Tina Dura ,&nbsp;Jessica Pilarczyk","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We report the first paleoseismic evidence jointly documenting coseismic subsidence and tsunami inundation from the 1730 Chile earthquake (Mw ≥ 9) and its trans-Pacific tsunami. At Campiche, a former coastal lagoon in Chile's Metropolitan Region, multiproxy stratigraphic, sedimentological, and microfossil data reveal a laterally continuous tsunami sand sheet that extends ∼2 km inland, sharply disrupts lagoonal mud, and shows an erosional lower contact, rip-up clasts, and mud drapes from waning flow. Accompanying shifts from freshwater to brackish–marine diatom assemblages and the sudden appearance of salt-tolerant plant remains record a persistent increase in tidal influence, indicating coseismic subsidence. Radiocarbon and luminescence ages constrain its deposition to 1698–1782 CE, consistent with historical accounts of the 1730 tsunami and the absence of any other comparable event in the written record. Campiche thus complements previously reported uplift-dominated mid-Holocene records by showing that infrequent, subsidence-generating shallow ruptures—not just deeper, uplift-producing earthquakes—are an integral component of central Chile's megathrust behavior. Remarkably, this paleoseismic archive, formed during a brief window within a ∼4000-year marine-to-terrestrial transition and preserved in an emergent, semiarid, preservation-limited margin, suggests that similar evidence may exist in other unfavorable settings. Integration of the Campiche record with historical, geophysical, and geodetic data indicates that a shallow slip deficit of ∼20 m may have accumulated since 1730, consistent with highly coupled shallow asperities, the recent shift from coastal stability to gradual subsidence, and proposed 200–650 yr recurrence intervals for large tsunamis. Taken together, these lines of evidence suggest that Chile's Metropolitan Region now lies within a plausible near-term window for another large tsunamigenic rupture. These findings underscore the need to integrate paleoseismic records and deep–shallow rupture interplay—including infrequent shallow Mw ≥ 9 events superimposed on more frequent Mw ∼8 deeper earthquakes—into tsunami-hazard models for Chile and the wider Pacific.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"375 ","pages":"Article 109789"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pleistocene geochemical signatures of the transgressive, overflow, and regressive phases of Lake Bonneville","authors":"B. Lee Drake ,&nbsp;Jennifer DeGraffenried ,&nbsp;Andrea Brunelle ,&nbsp;Isaac Hart ,&nbsp;Kaylee Barket Jones ,&nbsp;Bruce Kaiser ,&nbsp;Rachel Quist","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109775","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109775","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rise and fall of Lake Bonneville at the end of the Pleistocene was driven by complex changes in North American hydrography. Using multiple sediment cores from Dugway Proving Grounds (DPG), we evaluate changes in composition from 30.0 to 13.0 cal ka BP ago using loss-on-ignition (LOI) and x-ray fluorescence (XRF) data. We find that the Stansbury Oscillation is associated with an increase in detrital inputs into the basin as evidenced by Ti/Ca, Rb/Sr, and Si/Ca ratios and coincided with Heinrich Event (HE) 2 around 24.0 cal ka BP. High lake level from 21.0 to 17.8 cal ka BP are associated with continued high influxes of sediment into the basin. However, an apparent punctuated drop in detrital proxy records was observed beginning at 17.8 cal ka BP with HE 1, lasting 500 years. This change was likely not due to changes in detrital inputs, but rather due to the overflow event at Red Rock Pass, which changed the Bonneville Basin from a closed to an open system. Detrital inputs remain high throughout the Provo stand from 17.0 to 16.0 cal ka BP, after which detrital inputs decline. From 16.0 to 15.0 cal ka BP, an increase in Mn abundance paired with a drop in organic content suggests a hypoxia episode. This was followed by a rapid evaporative event evidenced by higher aragonite and elevated Sr/Ca ratios at 14.5 cal ka BP which closely corresponds to the Bølling-Allerød interstadial period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"375 ","pages":"Article 109775"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linear and nonlinear responses of annual mean sea surface temperature to orbital forcing","authors":"Xinwei Kong ,&nbsp;Zhengyu Liu ,&nbsp;Mi Yan ,&nbsp;Fuxian Xie ,&nbsp;Qin Wen ,&nbsp;Samantha Bova ,&nbsp;Yair Rosenthal ,&nbsp;Liang Ning ,&nbsp;Jian Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The response of sea surface temperature (SST) to orbital-induced insolation is not well understood. Here, using transient climate simulation of the last 200,000 years, we investigate whether mean annual SST (MASST) responds linearly or nonlinearly to orbital forcing. Our results show that the response of SST to insolation is regionally variable. It is nearly linear across most of the tropics and high latitudes, with the MASST dominated by obliquity variability. In the mid-latitude and eastern equatorial Pacific, the response of SST is, however, nonlinear with MASST dominated by precession variability. The nonlinear MASST response can be biased towards winter or summer SST, caused by the rectification of the seasonal insolation forcing by cloud albedo or mixed layer depth depending on the region. Specifically, the MASST in the northwest Pacific is biased towards its winter season SST, which could mainly be attributed to the seasonal cycle of cloud cover. The summer season biased MASST in the mid-latitude south Pacific might be related to the seasonal variation of the oceanic mixed layer. The summer season biased MASST in the northeast Pacific might be a combined effect of atmospheric cloud and oceanic mixed layer. The peculiar seasonal bias of MASST in the eastern equatorial Pacific, however, could be related to the remote transmission signal from the mid-latitude south Pacific. Our study has implications for better interpreting proxy SST records through gaining further insights on the physical mechanisms controlling SST responses to orbital forcing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"375 ","pages":"Article 109790"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ages of different shell species associated to vermetid bioconstructions remains and their implications on Mid-to Late-Holocene Brazilian sea-level curves","authors":"Rodolfo José Angulo ,&nbsp;Paulo César Fonseca Giannini ,&nbsp;Maria Cristina de Souza ,&nbsp;Augusto Luiz Ferreira Junior ,&nbsp;Thiago de Freitas Toniolo ,&nbsp;Jesús Alberto Salas Rangel ,&nbsp;Ed Garrett","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Vermetid bioconstructions have been widely used as Holocene paleo-sea level indicators along the Brazilian coast, due to their abundance and accuracy, especially in the case of <em>Petaloconchus varians</em> (d’Orbigny, 1841). Most age determinations for this species have been performed using conventional ¹⁴C dating of bulk bioconstruction samples. However, this type of sample may contain several types of carbonate or carbonaceous impurities, including remains of other organisms such as mollusks and barnacles, which can affect the reliability of the age. This work compares previous conventional ¹⁴C ages of vermetid bioconstruction bulk samples with ¹⁴C AMS ages of shells from different species dated individually. The objectives are: i. To establish the relationship among the ages of different species in order to reveal the direction or tendency of past sea-level changes; ii. To evaluate the error in dating bulk samples; iii. To analyze the reliability of the ages obtained from each species, based on aspects such as purity, alteration and neomorphism. The dating results obtained for fossil shells of different species were in agreement with the relative ages expected based on the observed spatial relationship between them. <em>Tetraclita stalactifera</em> parietal plates were older than overgrowing vermetids shells, and shells of the bivalve <em>Leiosolenus</em> aff. <em>bisulcatus</em> in life position, which perforate the bioconstruction, were younger. The ages of individual shells were older than those obtained by dating bulk vermetid bioconstructions, and this difference increased with the age. Taking the paleolevels previously determined for the studied samples and using the revised ages reported here, we infer that relative sea level in southern Brazil was more than 2 m above present between 6000 and 7000 cal aBP. The differences in ages between bulk and individual shell samples highlight that paleo-sea levels inferred from bulk vermetid remains and respective Holocene sea-level curves need revision. More data for separate species are therefore necessary to improve the accuracy of Holocene sea-level curves from Brazil. Furthermore, methodological care must be taken to avoid the influence of micritic envelopes, bioturbation, biofouling, and cement infill on the age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"375 ","pages":"Article 109788"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seabird-mediated changes in sedimentary sterols and stanols","authors":"Matthew P. Duda ,&nbsp;David C. Eickmeyer ,&nbsp;John P. Smol ,&nbsp;Jules M. Blais","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109784","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109784","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective conservation strategies for at-risk animal species greatly benefit from long-term trend data. Yet, most populations lack continuous monitoring beyond 30 years, with many often lacking monitoring altogether. Paleolimnology provides a retrospective method for reconstructing animal populations over thousands of years. Here we critically evaluated the efficacy of sterols and stanols as a supporting proxy to reconstruct seabird colony dynamics of a well-studied colony with distinct peaks in population size over ∼1700 years on Baccalieu Island, Newfoundland and Labrador (Canada). We analyzed sediment from a waterbody adjacent to the world's largest colony of Leach's Storm-Petrel (<em>Hydrobates leucorhous</em>), a nearby reference pond with no colonial seabird influences, and storm-petrel feces to determine the pathway of introduction of sterols and stanols to sediment to better understand their preservation and potential transformation over time. Cholesterol represented over 95 % of sterols/stanols in storm-petrel feces, reflecting the piscivorous and planktivorous invertebrate diet of the bird. In sediment, cholesterol increased over the last ∼200 years, coinciding with the increase in seabird colony size, but did not track the population decline ca. 1980 CE. The diagenetic products of cholesterol, such as cholestanol, 5α-cholestanone, and epi-coprostanol, however, closely tracked both increases and decreases in two known peaks in seabird population size (ca. 500 CE and ca. 1980 CE). Other sterols, such as campesterol, desmosterol, fucosterol, β-sitosterol, and 5α-stigmastanol, may track the indirect environmental impacts of the seabird colony, such as nest formation and fecal-derived nutrient enrichment of the terrestrial environment. Our findings support the use of sterols and stanols as effective and informative proxies for reconstructing long-term animal populations, especially when considered in a multi-proxy framework.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"375 ","pages":"Article 109784"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145940355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re-evaluating Holocene ice-sheet thinning in the Indian Ocean sector of East Antarctica based on sea-level data and glacial isostatic adjustment modelling","authors":"Takeshige Ishiwa ,&nbsp;Jun'ichi Okuno ,&nbsp;Yuki Tokuda ,&nbsp;Satoshi Sasaki ,&nbsp;Takuya Itaki ,&nbsp;Yusuke Suganuma","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study of past changes in East Antarctic Ice Sheet (EAIS) is crucial for understanding the ice-sheet dynamics and its response to the Earth's climate system. Field-based geological data and various model simulations, such as the ice-sheet and glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) modelling, provide insights into the behaviour of the EAIS changes. Recent studies of in-situ cosmogenic nuclide surface exposure dates have revealed that large-scale thinning occurred in the Dronning Maud Land and Enderby Land of East Antarctica during 9–6 ka. However, the timing of this EAIS thinning event requires a refinement of the ICE-6G model, which is a widely used GIA-based ice-sheet history. To account for this temporal discrepancy of approximately 2,000 years, in which the ICE-6G model predicts ice thinning earlier than indicated by surface exposure dates, it is necessary to compare the sea levels by the GIA modelling with the geological sea-level data to evaluate the validity of this refinement. We established the sea-level dataset by recalibrating radiocarbon dates of previous works and incorporating 13 new sea-level data. The results of the refined ICE-6G model produced the higher Holocene sea-level peaks in the Lützow–Holm Bay, Dronning Maud Land, showing better consistency with sea-level data than the original ICE-6G model. Additionally, the refinements increase the vertical rate of uplift in the Lützow–Holm Bay, making it more consistent with reported GNSS observations. These findings demonstrate that the Holocene rapid ice sheet thinning is corroborated not only by surface exposure dates but also by sea-level data, thus validating the refinement and supporting the mechanism of warm water inflow driven by sea-level highstands, as proposed in previous study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"375 ","pages":"Article 109786"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145886122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A tale of two regions: Cyclical human-climate interactions in the South Levant from the Chalcolithic to the Iron Age (6500–2200 BP)","authors":"Andrea Titolo,&nbsp;Alessio Palmisano","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates long-term trends in human population and their relationship with climate in two sub-regions of the South Levant (here labelled Samaria and Judah) from the Chalcolithic to the end of Iron Age III (6500-2200 cal yr BP). We aim to reconstruct demographic fluctuations and the sub-regional level, evaluate possible cycles of climate-population relations, to understand if different scales of analyses can reveal more nuanced population variations than what is already known for the whole South Levant, and to tackle a current debate on the Iron Age II dynamics in the region. To do so, we employ a multi-proxy approach with a carefully crafted dataset composed of radiocarbon dates, archaeological sites from published surveys and excavations, and well-known paleoclimate proxies (n = 4), which were analysed through a suite of mature statistical and quantitative techniques. More specifically, we employed probabilistic approaches, entailing SPDs generation, Aoristic techniques, Monte Carlo simulations, and moving-window techniques to answer questions of long-term population changes and their relation to climate. Our results show that a multi-scalar approach can reveal interesting patterns that add significant details to regional reconstructions, with the two regions following similar patterns but each dependent on the geographical, socio-political, and economic context of the area in each period. We highlighted cycles of climate-population nexus, evidence of societal resilience and population overshoot, and larger climatic impact on population in desert fringe areas, although maintaining that climate alone cannot be taken as the sole explanatory factor for population fluctuations. We also provided a more nuanced interpretation of the Iron Age II dynamics beyond the simple juxtaposition of desolation and prosperity related to the Assyrian domination, which can now be evaluated without the risk of misinterpretations due to the partial use of just archaeological excavation data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"375 ","pages":"Article 109777"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145886123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution of subantarctic ecosystems during the last ∼2800 years in Lago Mitta (∼55°S), Isla Navarino, Fuegian archipelago","authors":"L.A. Villacís ,&nbsp;J. Videla ,&nbsp;E.A. Sepúlveda-Zúñiga ,&nbsp;R.P. Villa-Martínez ,&nbsp;P. Jara-Arancio ,&nbsp;P.I. Moreno","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the only landmass that extends continuously from 52°S to 56°S, the Tierra del Fuego archipelago (TDF) provides a unique opportunity to track the Southern Westerly Winds (SWW) at subantarctic latitudes. Currently, the lack of consensus on centennial-scale SWW evolution during the late Holocene introduces uncertainty in understanding the full range of SWW variability. Here we present bidecadally resolved pollen, macroscopic charcoal, and diatom records spanning the last ∼2800 years from Lago Mitta, a small closed-basin lake located south of the Beagle Channel (55°S). Our aim is to examine terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem dynamics at this site and relate them to SWW variability in TDF. Closed-canopy forests dominated throughout the record, with modest canopy openings between ∼2.5–2.3, ∼2–1.8, ∼1.5–1.3, ∼0.8–0.7, and &lt;0.1 cal ka BP, generally coinciding with local fire episodes. The highly dynamic diatom record transitions from benthic- to planktic-dominated assemblages, marked by abrupt transitions among planktic species (i.e., <em>Aulacoseira ambigua</em>, <em>Discostella pseudostelligera</em>, <em>Asterionella formosa</em>). Increasingly wet and cool conditions drove a millennial-scale lake-level rise, overprinted by centennial-scale shifts in forest structure, local fires, and water-column reorganization. The past millennium was characterized by a rise in <em>Asterionella formosa</em>, a diatom indicator of moderate nutrient enrichment, reflecting enhanced runoff. We infer relatively weak SWW influence between ∼2.8 and 1.6 cal ka BP, followed by an intensification culminating between ∼0.6 and 0.1 cal ka BP. Lago Mitta provides a detailed perspective on SWW variability, consistent with other TDF records that show similar but less temporally resolved trends.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"375 ","pages":"Article 109774"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145876963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}