Quaternary Science Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Human–environment interactions in the Lake Junín basin: Fire, megafauna, deforestation, and domestication, from the peopling of the Andes to the Inca Empire","authors":"Erik J. Marsh ,&nbsp;Kurt Rademaker","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.109159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.109159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Human–environment interactions are a focus of interdisciplinary research in the high Andes, recently invigorated by sediment-core data from Lake Junín (Chinchaycocha). On the basis of these records, recent articles have argued that humans arrived in the Junín basin 13 thousand calibrated years ago (kya), set large-scale fires, and hunted Pleistocene megafauna to extinction. Declines in montane tree pollen beginning ∼4 kya have been attributed to deforestation, camelid domestication, and agriculture on the high Andean puna. In this paper, we critically examine these arguments and contrast them with a compilation of archaeological data from the Lake Junín basin including 113 radiocarbon dates (12 unpublished), settlement patterns, camelid osteometry, macrobotanical remains, Inca period sites, and ethnographic and ethnohistoric descriptions of herding and farming. These data suggest that the earliest archaeological evidence for human occupation is not until ∼11 kya, and there is no clear evidence for interaction with Pleistocene megafauna. Although the Junín basin is often cited as a center for camelid domestication in the middle Holocene, this claim remains tenuous, since osteometry struggles to distinguish wild and domestic camelids. Finally, ethnohistoric and ethnographic information offer no support for the argument that the basin was a \"manufactured landscape\" in the late Holocene. Moving forward, we recommend more careful consideration of (1) the mismatch of temporal resolution in paleoecological and archaeological chronologies, (2) the potential spatial mismatch in the catchment area of palaeoecological proxies and archaeological datasets, and (3) ambiguity in <em>Sporormiella</em> as a proxy for fauna and charcoal as a proxy for human activity. We suggest that future work on paleoecological proxies from 0.7 to 0.3 kya could be harnessed to build a comparative baseline, since these centuries saw large populations of humans and domesticated camelids near the lake. Our goal is to promote more robust reconstructions of human–environment interactions in the Lake Junín basin and elsewhere.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109159"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-grain K-feldspar pIRIR dating of the Longwanling handaxe-bearing site in the Hanjiang river valley, central China","authors":"Xiaoqi Guo ,&nbsp;Chengqiu Lu ,&nbsp;Zhenyu Qin ,&nbsp;Bing Dong ,&nbsp;Lupeng Yu ,&nbsp;Christopher J. Bae ,&nbsp;Xuefeng Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109194","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109194","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many handaxe-bearing Early Paleolithic sites were discovered in the Hanjiang River Valley in the southern Qinling Mountain Range. However, reliable radiometric ages are relatively scarce due to the paucity of primary stratigraphic dated sequences. The Longwanling (LWL) site is an open-air Paleolithic site located on the third terrace of the Hanjiang River Valley (HRV), where five handaxes were unearthed in 2021 in situ at Locality-1. Here, both single-grain and single-aliquot post-infrared infrared stimulated luminescence dating methods of potassium feldspar grains were applied to determine the age of the cultural layer for these handaxes. The equivalent dose of samples NJU4051 and 4052 showed clear younger components. The single-grain ages obtained through the central age model and single-aliquot ages of these two samples are much younger than three other samples which show age reversal. We attribute this reversal to post-depositional disturbance, which may result from the filling of cracks, e.g., by precipitation-induced surface runoff. After excluding the disturbance of the younger component using a finite mixture model, a consistent chronological framework could be built, suggesting that the LWL handaxes were buried at ∼140–110 ka, which corresponds to Marine Isotope Stage 6 and 5. Our findings demonstrate that the combination of single-grain techniques and relevant statistical models can provide a reliable age constraint for archaeological sites with complex depositional contexts. In addition, the chronological framework of Chinese handaxes is mainly concentrated in the time intervals of ∼0.8 Ma and ∼210–50 ka (the LWL site falls within the latter range).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143158965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glacial hazards change in Xinjiang over the past seven decades: Spatiotemporal patterns and trends","authors":"Meixia Wang ,&nbsp;Donghui Shangguan ,&nbsp;Da Li ,&nbsp;Yaojun Li ,&nbsp;Rongjun Wang ,&nbsp;Rui He ,&nbsp;Asim Qayyum Butt","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glacier hazards caused by global warming and glacier retreat have disastrous consequences for communities in high mountain regions. Research on the distribution patterns and development trends of glacier hazards is essential for improving the understanding of glacier hazards and mitigating disaster risks in high mountains. This study systematically analyses the types, spatial, and temporal variations of glacier hazards attributed to the impacts of climate change and glacier retreat in the Tianshan, Pamir, Karakoram and Kunlun Mountain ranges in Xinjiang between 1950 and 2020. Climatic conditions and glacier surveys (including glacier fronts and mass balance measurements) are used as drivers to analyse spatial and temporal patterns of glacier hazards. The results indicate that 330 glacial hazards occurred in Xinjiang, the majority of which were in the Tianshan and Karakoram regions. Glacial hazard numbers decelerated, while temperature rise accelerated over the past seven decades. From 1950 to 2000, glacier hazards increased at an average rate of 0.74 each year, whereas, after 2000, they decreased at an average rate of 0.82 per year. Glacier surges have increased since 1990 in the Pamir-Karakoram Mountains and the Kunlun Mountains. Glacier surges in the Pamir-Karakoram Mountains exhibited the highest activity from 1990 to 1999 and 2000 to 2009. The annual occurrence of glacier outburst floods has decreased since the early 2000s, while the flood peak discharges of glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs) has intensified in Tianshan. Glacier debris flows in the Pamir and Tianshan mountain regions increased after 2010, frequently occurring on the Tianshan Highway and the China-Pakistan Karakoram Highway during the summer months. Glacier debris flows originated above 4,500m above sea level (a.s.l.), but most hazards occurred between 2000 and 3,000m a.s.l. In Xinjiang, glacier debris flows pose the greatest threat in the central and high mountain regions and require close attention. Temperature is the primary influencing factor driving trend changes and spatiotemporal patterns of glacial hazards. The hazard occurrence rates are uncorrelated with rainfall and glacier dynamics. Therefore, in adapting to climate change, it is crucial to consider the spatiotemporal variation of glacial hazards and their influencing factors in high mountain regions to provide a scientific basis for exploring the predictability, prevention, and mitigation of disasters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109183"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moisture availability versus grazing and burning as drivers of Holocene forest-grassland coexistence in Europe: A case study from open ecosystems of southeastern Romania","authors":"Angelica Feurdean ,&nbsp;Diana Hanganu ,&nbsp;Adrian Bălășescu ,&nbsp;Andrei Diaconu ,&nbsp;Mirjam Pfeiffer ,&nbsp;Dan Warren ,&nbsp;Mariusz Galka ,&nbsp;Roxana Grindean ,&nbsp;Simon M. Hutchinson ,&nbsp;Irene Marzolff ,&nbsp;Aurel Persoiu ,&nbsp;Eszter Ruprecht ,&nbsp;Ioan Tantau","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.109153","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.109153","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Southeastern Europe is home to remnants of highly diverse open ecosystems, including grasslands and forest-steppe. To understand the impacts of climate changes, fire disturbance, and herbivory on forest-grassland coexistence in this region, we integrated new and published paleoecological data from two sedimentary records in southeastern Romania with information on herbivore population dynamics and dietary habits. Our findings indicate that fluctuations in forest-grassland cover closely mirrored changes in regional growing season moisture availability in the Black Sea region. During periods with increased moisture availability (e.g. 6000–3800 cal yr BP), diverse broadleaved forest dominated by <em>Quercus</em> expanded. Conversely, more drought-tolerant herbaceous cover increased during drier intervals (7200-6800 and 3800-2000 cal yr BP). We identified a critical tree cover of 25–40% at Mangalia Herghelie and 25–55% at Lake Oltina where neither forest nor grassland dominated. Stable forest states emerged above 40% tree cover and 55% respectively, while grassland-dominated states had tree cover below 25%.</div><div>Disturbances by fire and herbivores fluctuated over time, and were further influenced by human activity, which along with deforestation, altered the composition and extent of steppe and forest-steppe vegetation. High fire severity occurred during intermediate moisture conditions and tree cover (6800–5500, 3800–2800 cal yr BP), while low fire severity was observed when herbaceous biomass dominated (7200–7000, 2800–2000 cal yr BP) or under greater tree cover (5500–3800 cal yr BP). Herbivore dynamics shifted from large-bodied grazers in the Neolithic and early Eneolithic (7650–6550 cal yr BP; Prehamangia and Hamangia cultures) to a more diverse array of feeding types involving smaller domestic and wild herbivores along with sedentary agriculture during the flourishing Eneolithic (6550-5850 cal yr BP; Gumelnita culture), before returning to larger domestic grazers as well as omnivores in the Bronze and Iron Ages (3500–2000 cal yr BP). Large-bodied herbivores with selective diets (primarily grazers) had a more substantial effect on grasses compared to mixed feeders with bulk diets, whereas domestic herbivory was associated with increased apophyte abundance and diversity. Our findings underscore the essential factors for sustainable management of forest-grassland mosaics under changing climate conditions with projected accelerating aridification. They also highlight the need for continued research to enhance our understanding of these biodiverse, sensitive open ecosystems to inform effective management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109153"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lateglacial and Holocene hydroclimatic variability documented by Cladocera of Tolbo Lake in the Altai Mountains, western Mongolia","authors":"Yuan Li ,&nbsp;Xingxing Liu ,&nbsp;Wenjia Wang ,&nbsp;Lixiong Xiang ,&nbsp;Yu Hu ,&nbsp;Erik Jeppesen ,&nbsp;Otgonbayar Demberel ,&nbsp;Jargalsaikhan Zolbayar ,&nbsp;Xiaozhong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Altai Mountains contain rivers, lakes, and glaciers critical for the survival of both social and ecological systems. Reconstructing past hydroclimatic changes is crucial for understanding human-environment interactions and predicting future hydroclimatic dynamics in this region. We reconstructed the water level fluctuations of Tolbo Lake in the Altai Mountains over the past 13.7 kyr using the sedimentary cladoceran fossils. The results show that a rising trend of the Holocene lake level resulted mainly from intensification of westerlies-driven precipitation. The results further reveal that the centennial timescale lake-level fluctuations during the mid–late Holocene was mainly modified by temperature-controlled meltwater input, resulting in low lake levels during the cold, glacier-advance periods and high lake levels during the warm, glacier-retreat periods. The intensification of westerlies-driven precipitation at ∼6 cal ka BP initiated a humid environment and facilitated the Neolithic <em>trans</em>-Eurasian spread of livestock and crops (i.e. barley, wheat, and sheep). Subsequently, occasional increases in glacial meltwater during the warm phase further boosted grassland growth and animal husbandry, likely contributing to the expansion of major nomadic empires such as the Huns (∼2.4–1.8 cal ka BP) and the Mongols (∼0.8 cal ka BP). Additionally, the depletion of alpine glaciers due to the current anthropogenic warming may eventually result in significant shrinkage of the lakes and severe crises for ecosystems and the human communities that rely on these lakes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109186"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prehistoric archaeological site changes and their causes with paleofloods in Southern Shanxi Province, China","authors":"Yuming Su ,&nbsp;Yangyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiumin Zhai ,&nbsp;Tianyu Shi ,&nbsp;Songna Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Chen ,&nbsp;Xin Liu ,&nbsp;Laiying Jin ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109182","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109182","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Southern Shanxi province is renowned for its abundant prehistoric human activities (from paleolithic to Zhou dynasty), and thus holds significance in the study of the origins of Chinese civilization. Exploring shifts in human activity can offer insights into civilization development. Yet, there's a notable gap in research on how climate affects ancient human societies and their adaptive responses, especially concerning extreme weather events. This study investigated spatiotemporal characteristics of prehistoric settlement distribution of archaeological sites of southern Shanxi province, and then analyzed a natural geological profile, Songcungou (SCG), located about 2 km west of a famous Taosi archaeological site. SCG profile is primarily composed of eolian loess-paleosol, punctuated with layers of embedded fluvial gravel, and Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dates, grain sizes and geochemical elements were used to investigate the influences of climate changes on settlement distribution. The results of spatiotemporal distribution of settlements showed that archaeological sites of the early Yangshao (∼7–6 ka; ka is 1000 years ago) period were mainly distributed in loess platforms under the influenced of mountain torrents. Archaeological sites near the Fenhe River first increased during the mid-term Yangshao (∼6–5.5 ka), then decreased in the late Yangshao (∼5.5–5 ka) period when the climate becomes cold and dry, Rised again in the Longshan (∼5–3.9 ka) period. However, climate shifts and floods in late Longshan (∼4.4–3.9 ka) likely caused a decline in settlements, paving the way for Xia (∼3.9–3.5 ka) culture in southern Shanxi, with political and societal factors overtaking climate as the main influence on human settlement patterns by the Shang and Zhou dynasties (∼3.5–2.3 ka). Furthermore, stratigraphic observation and OSL dating revealed two flood events in the Taosi region, which occurred at about ∼14.5–12.5 ka and ∼6.8–6.3 ka. The mountain torrents documented in Gravel Zones I and II were predominantly triggered by intense, short-duration precipitation events, compounded by factors such as saturated soil conditions, limited surface vegetation, and steep geomorphic features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109182"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climatic changes control the net carbon sequestration rates of Carex-dominated peatlands in Northeast Asia","authors":"Mingming Zhang ,&nbsp;John P. Smol ,&nbsp;Wenkai Liu ,&nbsp;Li Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109184","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carex-dominated peatlands, which are widely developed in Northeast Asia, are one of the planet's most important carbon sinks, playing a key role in controlling the global carbon cycle. However, our understanding of how net carbon sequestration processes are linked to climatic changes for the modern tussock stage (MTS) and the under tussock stage (UTS) of <em>Carex-</em>dominated peatlands remain unclear. In this study, we systematically investigated the carbon sequestration history and its climatic factors potentially driving these changes in the Xinqing peatland from the Lesser Khingan mountains of Northeast Asia. Results suggest that this peatland initiated development prior to 1348 cal yr BP and then evolved into the modern tussock. The average apparent carbon accumulation rate (ACAR) and the net carbon accumulation rate (NCAR) of the MTS was 261.57 g C/m² yr and 8.58 g C/m² yr, while the average ACAR and NCAR of the UTS was 16.90 g C/m² yr and −0.43 g C/m² yr, respectively. Furthermore, the high efficient net carbon sequestration modes of these two stages can be identified as follows: The first mode was a precipitation-controlled mode. The nutrient input linked to precipitation was the major driving factor for the highly efficient net carbon sequestration of the UTS. Precipitation increased the nutrient input, promoting the increase in productivity of the <em>Carex</em> community, resulting in the high NCAR of the UTS. The second mode was a temperature-controlled mode. With total solar irradiance being the major driving factor for the high efficient net carbon sequestration of the MTS, the increased temperature contributed to the high productivity of the <em>Carex</em> community, resulting in the high NCAR of the MTS. These results add to our understandings of the connections between climatic changes and net carbon sequestration abilities of <em>Carex</em>-dominated peatlands, which may provide an important foundation for future predictions on the carbon sequestration potential of these types of peatlands world-wide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109184"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-resolution sedimentary record in the eastern Mediterranean shelf shows reduced Nile-derived mud after the Little Ice Age (1830 CE)","authors":"Yael Edelman-Furstenberg ,&nbsp;Navot Morag ,&nbsp;Henko C. de Stigter ,&nbsp;Onn Crouvi ,&nbsp;Nadya Teutsch ,&nbsp;Orit Hyams-Kaphzan","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109185","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical, sedimentological and micropaleontological records were used to track recent climatic and ecological events recorded in eastern Mediterranean shelf sediments. By studying a high-resolution record of well-dated sediment from the Israeli shelf, natural and anthropogenic influence during the past 270 years were differentiated and pinpointed to major events.</div><div>The most prominent changes occurred in sediment source at the end of the Little Ice Age (LIA), in 1830–1840 CE. Coarse, quartzose sand comprised only 5% of the sediment during the LIA, and increased significantly after the LIA to levels of up to 15%. There was a further increase in the coarse, quartzose content to &gt;20% following the damming of the Nile River (Aswan High Dam, in 1964), continuing the earlier post-LIA increase.</div><div>The geochemical data suggests a shift in the composition of the finer-grained sediments at the end of the LIA. During the LIA, clay-rich sediments were found to have lower levels of K₂O and higher levels of Ni compared to sediments post-LIA. These likely indicate a change in the source of sediments to the eastern Mediterranean shelf, shifting from a dominance of Nile-derived sediments and Nile Delta soils during the LIA, to more Saharan-derived, fine-grained dust and coarse-grained quartzose sands in the post-LIA period. The prevalence of Nile-derived sediments during the LIA suggests wetter conditions in coastal East Africa during that time period, as opposed to post-LIA.</div><div>The foraminiferal data also indicate a shift at the end of the LIA, mainly in group composition and abundance. A major increase in miliolid shell-type abundances after the LIA, aligns with a transition to warmer temperatures post-LIA. An additional increase is detected in species richness and abundance after the damming of the Nile River. However, this is superimposed on the ongoing increase since the LIA termination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109185"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holocene sea-level history from the southern Bohai Sea coast, China: Far-field GIA processes and an associated mid-Holocene sea-level highstand","authors":"Lizhu Tian ,&nbsp;Bert L. Vermeersen ,&nbsp;Fu Wang ,&nbsp;Jianfen Li ,&nbsp;Hong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.109166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.109166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Bohai Sea, located in the innermost part of the East Asian marginal seas, is of particular interest in the studies of relative sea level (RSL) and glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) due to its apparent far-field position. This study analyzed six cores and one pre-existing archaeological site from the southern Bohai Sea coast, generating 11 sea-level index points (SLIPs) from supratidal, upper tidal, and mid-lower tidal flat sediments using foraminifera tests and sedimentary analysis. All SLIPs were corrected for possible self-compaction, long-term tectonic effect, and the lowering effect due to water extraction. This enabled a high-quality reconstruction of RSL changes over the age range of 9000–3000 cal a BP. The RSL rose rapidly from about −17.19 ± 1.32 m to 1.76 ± 1.32 m MSL between around 9000 and 7000 cal a BP. However, the RSL rise rates quickly decreased from around 8–10 mm/a before 8000 cal a BP to ∼4mm/a by 7000 cal a BP. After 7000 cal a BP, the RSL continued to rise, reaching its peak of 2.44 ± 1.34 m MSL around 6000 cal a BP followed by a gradual decline to the present height at 3000–4000 cal a BP, with a maximum falling rate of 1.2 mm/a around 5000 cal a BP. Comparisons of the reconstructed RSL in this study with those from other non-deltaic regions, including the inner Hangzhou Bay and the surrounding coasts of western Bohai Sea, as well as with GIA predictions by ICE6G, ANU, and region-specific ‘final model’ reveal: (1) a significant and long-term early-to-mid Holocene continental levering effect on the southern Bohai Sea coast; (2) a close fit with the region-specific ‘final model’, albeit with SLIPs that fall slightly below predictions from 9000 to 8000 cal a BP and form a distinct mid-Holocene highstand above model projections after 7000 cal a BP; (3) these data-model misfits may result, in the former case, from the GIA model's Holocene ice melting history not embedding accelerated sea-level rise events, and in the latter, from the presence of a relatively strong upper mantle at the southern Bohai Sea coast, rather than the extremely weak upper mantle assumed for the Bohai Sea region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109166"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in distribution of the Iberian vegetation since the Last Glacial Maximum: A model-based approach","authors":"Manuel Casas-Gallego ,&nbsp;José María Postigo-Mijarra ,&nbsp;Rut Sánchez-de Dios ,&nbsp;Eduardo Barrón ,&nbsp;Angela A. Bruch ,&nbsp;Karen Hahn ,&nbsp;Helios Sainz-Ollero","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.109162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2024.109162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding past potential vegetation distribution across different spatial and temporal scales is a fundamental goal in palaeobotany and the study of past human societies. Additionally, this understanding is crucial in various ecological fields, including vegetation management, conservation and restoration. Our knowledge of past vegetation history mainly relies on palaeobotanical records. However, these records sometimes cover only short time spans and/or lack sufficient chronological control. Moreover, there are still large areas with limited available records. To help address these gaps, this study employs ecological niche modelling fed with inputs from high-resolution present and past climatic data, along with data on soil and current potential landscapes, to simulate the dynamics and distribution of the main vegetation types in the Iberian Peninsula since the Last Glacial Maximum (22,000 years BP). The simulations show significant changes in the extent of each vegetation type through time. Overall, the known vegetation dynamics inferred from fossil botanical data for the Eurosiberian and Mediterranean regions are well reproduced and enhanced by our models, stressing the central role of climate in the distribution of vegetation of the Iberian Peninsula. General biogeographic trends that have been recognised in fossil records, such as the massive expansion of non-forested vegetation mainly consisting of steppes during the Last Glacial Maximum and the Lateglacial; the expansion of deciduous forests during the early and mid-Holocene; and the altitudinal shifts of the vegetation belts in the main mountain ranges, are reflected in our models with great level of detail. Various areas are suggested to have been prominent as refugia for thermophilous vegetation, including the northeast of the Iberian Peninsula and the Atlantic coast of northern Spain and Portugal. The simulations presented here also provide new insights into the postglacial pathways of various vegetation types and offer a historical explanation for the present-day relict presence of taxa that remained unexplained or unexpected until now. Multiple palaeobotanical records are presented to validate the biogeographic patterns indicated by the simulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"351 ","pages":"Article 109162"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143159949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}