Quaternary Science Reviews最新文献_第4页

Shift of the upper ocean thermal structure across the Mid-Brunhes Event in the Eastern Tropical Indian Ocean 热带印度洋东部中布朗什事件中上层海洋热结构的转移

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109747

Junru Zhang , Fengming Chang , Ann Holbourn , Fang Qian , Luyao Tang , Tiegang Li

Upper ocean temperature and stratification play essential roles in regulating hydrological processes from regional to basin scales and in shaping climate systems. The Eastern Tropical Indian Ocean (ETIO), as a major source of heat and moisture, is critical to regional and large-scale hydroclimatic variability. However, the long-term evolution of its upper water thermal structure remains poorly constrained. Here, we reconstruct sea surface temperature (SST) and thermocline water temperature (TWT) records spanning the past 620 ka using planktonic foraminiferal Mg/Ca ratios from Core 18548 and IODP Site U1482 off the northwest Australian margin. The results reveal that both SST and TWT exhibit pronounced glacial–interglacial cyclicity, primarily paced by orbital-scale forcing, including the 100-ka and precession (23/19-ka) periodicities. Notably, TWT displays a stronger precession signal than SST. These orbital-scale variations reflect the modulation of heat transfer to the ETIO through sea-level-controlled Indonesian Throughflow (ITF) dynamics and precession-driven atmospheric circulation. The amplified TWT response arises from the combined effects of ITF-mediated thermocline advection and insolation-induced vertical mixing, which together regulate upper ocean heat redistribution. A significant shift in the gradient between SST and TWT (ΔT) around 400 ka, coinciding with the MBE, indicates a major reorganization of upper ocean thermal structure, likely driven by glacioeustatic sea-level fluctuations and changes in precession-induced wind systems. Our findings highlight the coupled forcing of 100-ka cycle and precession on upper ocean thermal evolution in the ETIO and offer critical insights into orbital-scale heat redistribution and tropical ocean-climate interactions.

上层海洋温度和分层在调节从区域到流域尺度的水文过程以及形成气候系统方面发挥着重要作用。东热带印度洋（ETIO）作为热量和水分的主要来源，对区域和大尺度的水文气候变化至关重要。然而，对其上部水热构造的长期演化仍知之甚少。本文利用18548号岩芯和U1482号IODP站点的浮游有孔虫Mg/Ca比值重建了过去620 ka的海表温度和温跃层水温记录。结果表明，海温和行波热均表现出明显的冰期-间冰期旋回性，主要以轨道尺度强迫为主导，包括100 ka周期和岁差周期（23/19 ka）。值得注意的是，行波t的岁差信号强于海温。这些轨道尺度的变化反映了通过海平面控制的印尼通流（ITF）动力学和进动驱动的大气环流对ETIO热传输的调制。TWT响应的放大是由itf介导的温跃层平流和日照诱导的垂直混合的共同作用引起的，它们共同调节了上层海洋热量的再分布。400 ka前后海温和TWT （ΔT）梯度的显著变化与MBE一致，表明上层海洋热结构的重大重组，可能是由冰川上升海平面波动和岁差引起的风系统变化驱动的。我们的发现强调了100 ka周期和岁差对ETIO上层海洋热演化的耦合强迫，并为轨道尺度的热再分布和热带海洋-气候相互作用提供了重要的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Quaternary terrace formation in response to climate, regional uplift and local normal faulting: The Danube terrace staircase of Vienna 气候、区域隆起和局部正断层作用下的第四纪阶地形成：维也纳多瑙河阶地阶梯

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109709

B.C. Salcher , S.M. Neuhuber , J.-C. Otto , T. Payer , C. Lüthgens , S. Fuchs , A. Flores-Orozco , J. Nørgaard , S. Grupe , O. Marchhart , A. Wieser , J. Lachner , M. Fiebig , Zs. Ruszkiczay-Rüdiger

Quaternary terrace sequences can be observed along many mid to high latitudinal rivers, often reflecting a distinct, climate-related cyclicity of the fluvial system in uplifting regions. They are also essential landforms in many continental basins even though local basin subsidence may counteract an existing regional uplift trend. Glacial and periglacial processes may amplify events of river aggradation, with associated terraces providing clear stratigraphic markers. In this study, we explore the opposing lithospheric forces, regional uplift vs. local normal faulting, along a perialpine section of the Danube River, which is strongly affected by a 100-ka depositional cyclicity during the Quaternary. Within the city of Vienna, the Danube formed an extensive terrace staircase across a continental-scale normal fault. This fault demarcates the transition of the Eastern Alps and the Miocene Vienna Basin. Its Quaternary activity remained ambiguous and its impact on terrace configuration largely unexplored. Solifluction processes over several glacial-interglacial cycles typically led to thick colluvial deposits along terrace slopes, resulting, together with the anthropogenic overprint, in obliteration of the terrace morphology. To constrain terrace geometry, elevation and decipher fault kinematics we used electrical resistivity tomography, drill log and historical outcrop data. We applied morphostratigraphic age modelling supported by terrestrial cosmogenic radionuclide burial and luminescence dating to derive rates of uplift and subsidence. Results show how long-wavelength uplift and concomitant normal faulting have controlled terrace development and Quaternary landscape evolution. This study provides clear evidence for fault activity within the city of Vienna.

在许多中高纬度河流沿线可以观察到第四纪阶地序列，通常反映了隆升地区河流系统的独特的、与气候相关的周期性。它们也是许多大陆盆地必不可少的地貌，尽管局部盆地沉降可能抵消现有的区域隆起趋势。冰川和冰缘作用可以放大河流的淤积事件，相关的阶地提供了明确的地层标志。在本研究中，我们探讨了受第四纪100 ka沉积旋回活动强烈影响的多瑙河近高山段区域隆升与局部正断层的相反岩石圈力。在维也纳市内，多瑙河形成了一个横跨大陆规模的正断层的巨大阶梯式楼梯。该断层是东阿尔卑斯山脉和中新世维也纳盆地的分界线。其第四纪活动尚不明确，对阶地结构的影响也未得到充分研究。几个冰期-间冰期旋回的溶蚀作用通常导致沿阶地斜坡形成厚厚的崩积沉积物，再加上人为叠印，导致阶地形态的湮没。为了约束阶地的几何形状、高程和破译断层运动学，我们使用了电阻率层析成像、钻井测井和历史露头数据。我们应用陆生宇宙成因放射性核素埋藏和发光测年支持的地貌地层年龄模型来计算隆起和沉降速率。结果表明，长波隆升及其伴生的正断层作用控制了阶地发育和第四纪景观演化。这项研究为维也纳市内的断层活动提供了明确的证据。

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引用次数: 0

Niche partitioning and limited mobility characterise Middle Pleistocene kangaroos from eastern Australia 澳大利亚东部中更新世袋鼠的生态位划分和有限的流动性特征

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109731

Christopher Laurikainen Gaete , Scott Hocknull , Clement P. Bataille , Andrew M. Lorrey , Katarina M. Mikac , Rochelle Lawrence , Anthony Dosseto

Australia's Quaternary fossil record is characterised by a high diversity of macropodid taxa. Based on fossil faunal assemblages, it has been hypothesised many macropodids lived in sympatry during the Pleistocene, however, local geographic and dietary overlap is equivocal due to taphonomic uncertainty. Modern macropodid species rarely exhibit sympatry, suggesting anthropogenic or environmental changes may have disrupted these communities. Using Sr and C isotopes, we reconstruct foraging ranges and dietary preferences of several fossil macropodid lineages recovered in Middle Pleistocene cave deposits, at Mount Etna Caves, central eastern Queensland, Australia. Our results show that most macropodids, baring a single Petrogale potentially dispersing >60 km, had limited foraging ranges and remained within 15 km of the fossil site. Moderate to large scale dispersal in individual Petrogale mirrors male-biased dispersal observed in some modern Petrogale populations indicating some individuals have the propensity to move between isolated colonies when corridors for dispersal are present. Smaller macropodids show dietary preferences similar to modern counterparts, while Protemnodon exhibit a division between C₃/C₄ intake, potentially indicating species-level differences. The analysis of geographic range and diet of this fossil assemblage reveals that macropodids partitioned on the landscape around the cave with a C₃-dominant community – comprised of Protemnodon, Petrogale, and Thylogale – to the northwest, and a C₄-dominant grassland community – comprised of Notamacropus and isolated members of Protemnodon and Petrogale – to the south. Therefore, we conclude, that although faunal assemblages alone suggest a larger number of macropodids living in sympatry, isotopic proxies uncover complex habitat partitioning between C₃ and C₄ environments around Mount Etna Caves.

澳大利亚第四纪化石记录的特点是巨足动物类群的高度多样性。根据化石区系组合，我们假设在更新世时期有许多大足类动物生活在同栖环境中，然而，由于地面学的不确定性，当地地理和饮食的重叠是模棱两可的。现代巨足动物物种很少表现出同栖性，这表明人为或环境变化可能破坏了这些群落。利用Sr和C同位素重建了在澳大利亚昆士兰州中东部埃特纳火山（Mount Etna Caves）中更新世洞穴沉积物中发现的几个巨型足类动物化石谱系的觅食范围和饮食偏好。我们的研究结果表明，大多数大足类动物的觅食范围有限，在距离化石地点15公里的范围内，单个Petrogale可能会分散60公里。Petrogale个体的中等到大规模扩散反映了在一些现代Petrogale种群中观察到的雄性偏向性扩散，表明当存在传播通道时，一些个体有在孤立的殖民地之间移动的倾向。较小的大足类动物表现出与现代同类相似的饮食偏好，而原齿兽表现出C3/C4摄入量的划分，可能表明物种水平的差异。该化石组合的地理范围和饮食分析表明，大足类动物在洞穴周围的景观上被划分为c3优势群落（由Protemnodon、Petrogale和Thylogale组成）和c4优势草地群落（由Notamacropus和Protemnodon和Petrogale的孤立成员组成）。因此，我们得出结论，尽管单独的动物组合表明有大量的巨足类动物生活在同栖环境中，但同位素代用指标揭示了埃特纳火山洞穴周围C3和C4环境之间复杂的栖息地划分。

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引用次数: 0

New U-series and coupled ESR/U-series dating of Xujiayao (northern China), the type site for Homo juluensis 中国北方许家窑智人（Homo juluensis）类型遗址的新U-series和耦合ESR/U-series定年

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109742

Qingfeng Shao , Fagang Wang , Junyi Ge , Jean-Jacques Bahain , Pierre Voinchet , Guilan Hu , Xinrui Jin , Rainer Grün , Christopher J. Bae , Xing Song

The Xujiayao site, located in the western part of the Nihewan Basin, Hebei Province, northern China, has yielded 21 pieces of archaic hominin fossils in association with numerous stone artifacts and mammalian remains. The Xujiayao hominin remains were recently used to define a new species Homo juluensis, representing a series of fossils, such as the Xuchang, Xiahe, Penghu, Tam Ngu Hao 2, and Denisova remains. Different dating methods have been used to estimate the age of the Xujiayao hominin remains since the 1970s when the site was originally discovered. Unfortunately, the proposed ages vary in a wide range, from the middle Middle Pleistocene to the late Late Pleistocene. To refine the age of this site, we present a new dating study using both U-series and coupled ESR/U-series dating methods. Direct U-series dating on five of the Xujiayao hominin fossils provided minimum ages ranging from ∼100 to 200 ka, which are further confined by the Diffusion – Adsorption – Decay (DAD) model ages of 172 ± 3 ka and 195 ± 5 ka, and the coupled ESR/U-series ages ranging from 144 ± 10 to 211 ± 12 ka, obtained on the associated faunal remains. These new dates were integrated with some of previously published dating results by a Bayesian age model, demonstrating that the Xujiayao upper cultural layer, in which were recovered the hominin fossils, can be constrained between 138 ± 10 ka and 199 ± 8 ka, and the lower cultural layer between 205 ± 8 ka to 228 ± 17 ka, placing the hominin occupation in a period covering the marine isotope stages 7 and 6.

徐家窑遗址位于中国北部河北省泥河湾盆地西部，在这里发现了21块古人类化石，以及大量的石器和哺乳动物遗骸。许家窑古人类遗骨最近被用来定义一个新的物种——朱立人，它代表了许昌、夏河、澎湖、潭牛号2号和丹尼索瓦遗骨等一系列化石。自20世纪70年代徐家窑古人类遗址被发现以来，人们使用了不同的年代测定方法来估计该遗址的年龄。不幸的是，提出的年龄范围很广，从中更新世中期到晚更新世晚期。为了确定该遗址的年龄，我们提出了一项新的测年研究，使用u -系列和耦合ESR/ u -系列测年方法。对5具须家窑古人类化石进行直接u系列测年，得到的最小年龄在~ 100 ~ 200 ka之间，进一步受到扩散-吸附-衰变（DAD）模式年龄（172±3 ka和195±5 ka）的限制，以及相关动物遗骸的耦合ESR/ u系列年龄（144±10 ~ 211±12 ka）的限制。利用贝叶斯年龄模型，将这些新的年代与先前发表的部分定年结果相结合，表明许家窑上层文化层（其中发现了古人类化石）的时间限制在138±10 ka至199±8 ka之间，下层文化层（205±8 ka至228±17 ka）之间，将古人类的活动置于海洋同位素阶段7和6的时期。

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引用次数: 0

Orbital forcing of the eastern equatorial Pacific thermocline in the late Pleistocene 晚更新世赤道太平洋东部温跃层的轨道强迫

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109734

Celeste T. Pallone , Karine Holmes , Chandler A. Morris , Jerry F. McManus

Eastern equatorial Pacific thermocline depth is an important component of the tropical Pacific's coupled ocean-atmosphere system and varies across El Niño and La Niña events. To investigate the influence of orbital forcing, we present a paleo-record of thermocline depth throughout the last large Pleistocene climate cycle, derived from downcore measurements of the oxygen isotope composition of multiple species of planktic foraminifera that calcified at different depths throughout the upper water column. We find that the eastern equatorial Pacific thermocline varied between deeper and shallower mean states, deepening when insolation at the equator in boreal late summer/early fall decreased and shoaling when this seasonal insolation increased. Here, we show a close phase relationship between precession-paced increases in boreal late summer/early fall equatorial insolation and thermocline shoaling, which suggests that heating of the tropical Pacific during months of maximum zonal sea surface temperature and thermocline depth asymmetry was a key influence on its mean state.

东赤道太平洋温跃层深度是热带太平洋海洋-大气耦合系统的重要组成部分，在El Niño和La Niña事件中发生变化。为了研究轨道强迫的影响，我们提出了一个贯穿最后一个大更新世气候周期的温跃层深度的古记录，该记录来自于对整个上层水柱不同深度钙化的多种浮游有孔虫的氧同位素组成的岩心测量。结果表明，东赤道太平洋温跃层在深、浅两种平均状态之间存在差异，当北半球夏末秋初赤道日晒减少时，温跃层加深，当该季节日晒增加时，温跃层变浅。结果表明，在纬向海表温度最高的月份，热带太平洋的加热和温跃层深度不对称是影响其平均状态的关键因素。

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引用次数: 0

Isotopic evidence for changing diet and agriculture in China from the Neolithic to the Early Han period (10-2 ka BP) 新石器时代至汉初（10-2 ka BP）中国饮食和农业变化的同位素证据

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109725

Meng Zhang, Dan Lawrence, Andrew R. Millard

This paper examines changing subsistence practices from the Neolithic to the Early Han Dynasty across diverse cultural regions of China. Using a large corpus of stable isotopic data from the literature (N _human = 3492; N _animal = 2919), we trace spatial and temporal shifts in staple crop use and livestock management. Isotopic evidence reveals marked regional variation in crop-livestock integration from the Neolithic through the Bronze Age. During the Early and Middle Neolithic, isotopic evidence indicates pig husbandry based on the C₄-plant millet was primarily confined to the Middle Yellow River region, contrasting with an extensive pig management system in the West Liao River and Shandong regions predominantly based on C₃-plants. From ∼5.5 ka BP, millet agriculture and pig husbandry diffused into the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Hexi Corridor, and western Sichuan. Despite the rapid and widespread adoption of millet agriculture in these agriculturally marginal zones, the overall utilization of pigs and the exploitation of millet-based pig feeding practices remained restricted, especially during the Bronze Age. After 5 ka BP, the introduction of non-native domesticates—such as sheep, goats, cattle, wheat, and barley—gave rise to two distinct agropastoral trajectories between the core agricultural zones and peripheral regions of northern China. In the Middle Yellow River region, an intensive agricultural system based on millet cultivation and pig husbandry persisted, with cattle and sheep rapidly integrated into existing fodder regimes but remaining supplementary to the dominant economy. By contrast, the arid northwestern regions underwent a significant shift toward a mixed agropastoral economy centered on C₃ crops (e.g., wheat and barley) and ruminant livestock, particularly sheep/goat. These regional differences highlight how local ecologies and resource availability shaped flexible but regionally distinct trajectories of crop and livestock integration in prehistoric northern China.

本文考察了中国不同文化区域从新石器时代到汉初的生存方式变化。利用文献中的大量稳定同位素数据（N人= 3492；N动物= 2919），我们追踪了主要作物利用和牲畜管理的时空变化。同位素证据显示，从新石器时代到青铜时代，作物-牲畜融合的区域差异显著。在新石器时代早期和中期，同位素证据表明，以c4植物谷子为基础的养猪业主要局限于黄河中游地区，与以c3植物为主要基础的西辽河和山东地区广泛的养猪管理系统形成对比。从~ 5.5 ka BP开始，谷子农业和养猪业扩散到青藏高原东部、河西走廊和四川西部。尽管在这些农业边缘地区迅速而广泛地采用了谷子农业，但猪的总体利用和以谷子为基础的猪饲养方法的开发仍然受到限制，特别是在青铜时代。5 ka BP之后，非本地驯化动物（如绵羊、山羊、牛、小麦和大麦）的引入，在中国北方的核心农业区和外围地区之间形成了两条截然不同的农牧发展轨迹。在黄河中游地区，以谷子种植和养猪为基础的集约化农业体系持续存在，牛羊迅速融入现有的饲料体系，但仍是主导经济的补充。相比之下，干旱的西北地区经历了向以C3作物（如小麦和大麦）和反刍牲畜（特别是绵羊/山羊）为中心的混合农牧经济的重大转变。这些区域差异突出了当地生态和资源可获得性如何塑造了史前中国北方作物和牲畜整合的灵活但区域不同的轨迹。

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引用次数: 0

Asymmetric sensitivity of lake catchments to climate and land use change on the Monaro Tablelands, southeastern Australia: A multiproxy, multisite synthesis of postglacial lacustrine records 澳大利亚东南部Monaro高原湖泊集水区对气候和土地利用变化的不对称敏感性：冰川后湖泊记录的多代理、多地点综合

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109729

James Bakis , Dan Penny , Rebecca Hamilton , Quan Hua , Linda Barry , Patricia Gadd

Paleoenvironmental research in vulnerable high-elevation environments is skewed towards paleoecological analysis, biasing our understanding of broader systemic (i.e., both abiotic and biotic) environmental sensitivity. Moreover, paleorecords from mountains are overrepresented relative to adjacent highlands, which is problematic given the latter's greater agricultural value and thus more acute degradation. Here, we present a multiproxy, multisite assessment of regional paleoenvironmental change since 13,900 cal yr BP for the Monaro Tablelands of southeastern Australia, a highland terrain in the rain shadow of the Snowy Mountains. We find that, while regional hydrological change is effectively contemporaneous with temperature and hydroclimate, local dynamics appear to be equally influential on catchment moisture availability, implying only mild hydrological sensitivity to climate. Principal among these intrinsic controls is poor substrate permeability, which is responsible for a) late Holocene wetting signals despite climatic deterioration, and b) hysteresis in basin hydrology, whereby lakes and their ecological communities become increasingly resilient to moisture availability as permanence increases. Asymmetric sensitivity extends to catchment-scale rates of change, which observe a positive, albeit weak, correlation with drying over wetting. European-era rates of change are unprecedented for the entire study period, suggesting higher systemic sensitivity to land use than any major climatic perturbation since deglaciation. Continued biophysical deterioration is anticipated for the Monaro as land use impacts are augmented by projected warming, drying and increased rainfall variability across southeastern Australia, while changes in lake permanence are expected to be geographically bifurcated. These projections implicate adverse outcomes for endemic threatened ecological communities.

在脆弱的高海拔环境中，古环境研究倾向于古生态分析，使我们对更广泛的系统（即非生物和生物）环境敏感性的理解产生偏差。此外，相对于邻近的高地，来自山区的古记录被过多地代表，这是一个问题，因为后者具有更大的农业价值，因此更严重的退化。在这里，我们提出了一个多代理、多地点的区域古环境变化评估自13900 calyr BP以来，澳大利亚东南部的莫纳罗高原，雪山雨影的高原地形。我们发现，虽然区域水文变化与温度和水文气候是同步的，但局部动态对流域水分有效性似乎同样有影响，这意味着水文对气候只有轻微的敏感性。在这些内在控制因素中，主要是底层渗透性差，这导致了a)尽管气候恶化，但全新世晚期的湿润信号，以及b)盆地水文的滞后性，即随着持久性的增加，湖泊及其生态群落对水分可用性的适应能力越来越强。不对称敏感性扩展到流域尺度的变化率，观察到干燥比湿润呈正相关，尽管关联度较弱。在整个研究期间，欧洲时代的变化速度是前所未有的，这表明对土地利用的系统敏感性高于冰川消融以来的任何重大气候扰动。由于预计的变暖、干旱和澳大利亚东南部降雨变异性的增加，土地利用影响将会加剧，预计Monaro的生物物理状况将继续恶化，而湖泊持久性的变化预计将在地理上分岔。这些预测暗示了地方性受威胁生态群落的不利后果。

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引用次数: 0

Climate change and transformations of ancient civilization in the Chengdu Plain, Southwest China, during the mid-to-late Holocene 全新世中晚期成都平原气候变化与古文明变迁

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109743

Zhong-Lin Deng, Xin-Yan Li, Ting-Yong Li

The Chengdu Plain, located in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, represents the core area of the ancient Shu civilization. However, the coupling mechanisms between cultural transformations and climatic-environmental changes remain insufficiently understood. Owing to the absence of high-precision and high-resolution paleoclimate records from the Chengdu Plain, this study integrates speleothem, lake, and peat archives from the Sichuan Basin and its surroundings. By applying principal component analysis and multi-record comparisons, we reconstruct the evolution of the Asian summer monsoon (ASM) and associated regional hydroclimatic variability since 5.0 ka BP, and further examine the impacts of climatic change on the rise and fall of the ancient Shu civilization. Results indicate that the ASM has exhibited a long-term weakening trend since 5.0 ka BP, primarily driven by decreasing solar insolation, a southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone and intensified ENSO activity. A cold-dry climatic event around 5.0 ka BP may have forced prehistoric populations from the upper Minjiang River (Yingpanshan culture) to migrate into the Chengdu Plain, leading to the emergence of the Baodun culture. Subsequently, the ancient Shu people adapted to environmental changes by adjusting crop composition and settlement locations. The decline phases of the Baodun (4.5∼3.7 ka BP), Sanxingdui (3.7∼3.2 ka BP), and Jinsha–Shierqiao (3.2∼2.6 ka BP) cultures broadly coincide with periods of marked ASM weakening, increased climatic instability, and frequent flooding events, while seismic activities and warfare may have further accelerated the societal collapse. These findings suggest that the rise and fall of the ancient Shu civilization on the Chengdu Plain was jointly influenced by climatic variability, flood hazards, and sociopolitical conflicts. Future work should focus on developing high-resolution, multi-proxy paleoclimate records with robust chronological control in the Chengdu Plain and adjacent regions, to enhance our understanding of the coupling mechanisms between climate change and regional cultural transformations.

成都平原位于长江上游，是古蜀文明的核心区。然而，文化转型与气候环境变化之间的耦合机制仍未得到充分认识。由于成都平原缺乏高精度、高分辨率的古气候记录，本研究整合了四川盆地及周边地区的洞穴、湖泊和泥炭档案。通过主成分分析和多记录对比，重建了5.0 ka BP以来亚洲夏季风的演变及其相关的区域水文气候变率，并进一步探讨了气候变化对古蜀文明兴衰的影响。结果表明，自5.0 ka BP以来，由于太阳辐照量的减少、热带辐合带的南移和ENSO活动的加剧，南亚大陆带呈现出长期的减弱趋势。5.0 ka BP左右的干冷气候事件可能迫使岷江上游的史前人口（营盘山文化）迁移到成都平原，导致宝墩文化的出现。随后，古蜀人通过调整作物组成和定居地点来适应环境的变化。宝墩文化（4.5 ~ 3.7 ka BP）、三星堆文化（3.7 ~ 3.2 ka BP）和金沙-石尔桥文化（3.2 ~ 2.6 ka BP）的衰退期大致与ASM明显减弱、气候不稳定加剧和频繁洪水事件的时期一致，而地震活动和战争可能进一步加速了社会崩溃。这些发现表明，成都平原古蜀文明的兴衰受到气候变化、洪水灾害和社会政治冲突的共同影响。未来的工作应侧重于在成都平原及邻近地区建立高分辨率、多代理、具有可靠年代学控制的古气候记录，以加强对气候变化与区域文化变迁耦合机制的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Paleoenvironments of the late Middle Pleistocene Hualongdong, east-central China and their implications for the hominin evolution in eastern Asia 中国中东部华隆洞中更新世晚期古环境及其对东亚人族演化的意义

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109746

Jiao Ma , Hervé Bocherens , Haowen Tong , Shuwen Pei , Xiujie Wu , Wu Liu

The late Middle Pleistocene (300–129 ka) was pivotal for understanding how paleoenvironmental and climatic changes shaped hominin adaptations. Hualongdong (331–275 ka) yields key human fossils, stone tools, and abundant mammalian remains, enabling detailed paleoecological analysis. Carbon isotopic data from mammalian tooth enamel indicate a C₃ vegetation-dominated forest environment at Hualongdong. The isotopic composition of a large bovid indicates, however, the co-existence of year-round C₄ grasses. Bulk and serial isotopic results reveal a mosaic of dense forests and woodlands shaped by the East Asian Summer Monsoon (EASM). Closed forests would have provided stable resources, while seasonally dynamic woodlands with localized C₄ vegetation would have supported favorable conditions for habitation and movement. Comparative analyses of Middle Pleistocene enamel stable isotopes across eastern Asia (including East and Southeast Asia) highlight distinct paleoenvironments in northern, east-central, southwestern China, as well as in Southeast Asia. Hualongdong in east-central China stands out as a mosaic of dense forests and open woodlands, distinct from the open woodlands of north China and the dense forests of southwestern China. The Hualongdong hominins exhibit a mosaic of derived and archaic traits, representing a significant morphological pattern in the late Middle Pleistocene of eastern Asia. Their successful occupation of this ecotonal landscape as revealed by our isotopic data, underscores the behavioral flexibility that characterized hominin evolution in this region.

中更新世晚期（300-129 ka）是了解古环境和气候变化如何影响人类适应的关键时期。华隆洞（331-275 ka）出土了重要的人类化石、石器和丰富的哺乳动物遗骸，为详细的古生态分析提供了条件。哺乳动物牙釉质碳同位素特征表明，华龙洞发育C3植被为主的森林环境。然而，大型牛科植物的同位素组成表明，全年存在C4草。整体和序列同位素结果揭示了东亚夏季风（EASM）形成的茂密森林和林地的马赛克。封闭森林将提供稳定的资源，而具有局部C4植被的季节性动态林地将为居住和移动提供有利条件。东亚地区（包括东亚和东南亚）中更新世珐琅稳定同位素对比分析突出了中国北部、中东部、西南部以及东南亚地区不同的古环境。华隆洞位于中国中东部，与华北的开阔林地和西南的茂密森林不同，它是茂密森林和开阔林地的马赛克。花龙洞人族具有派生与古人类特征的嵌合体，代表了东亚中更新世晚期的一种重要形态模式。我们的同位素数据显示，他们成功地占领了这片生态景观，强调了该地区人族进化的行为灵活性。

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引用次数: 0

Multiple Middle Paleolithic lithic traditions in the southern Levant during MIS 6-5 and cultural variability in arid environments: insights from the site of Besor Dyka, Negev Desert 在MIS 6-5期间，黎凡特南部多个旧石器时代中期的石器传统和干旱环境中的文化变异：来自内盖夫沙漠Besor Dyka遗址的见解

IF 3.3 1区地球科学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY, PHYSICAL

Quaternary Science Reviews

Pub Date : 2025-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109745

Maya Oron , Masha Krakovsky , Naomi Porat , Yoav Avni , Nimrod Wieler , Avner Ayalon , Tami Zilberman , Eli Cohen Sasson , Omry Barzilai

The middle phase of the Middle Paleolithic in the arid regions of the southern Levant is characterized by the presence of two distinct lithic traditions dominated by different reduction sequences: the centripetal Levallois and the Nubian Levallois. A new excavation at the site Besor Dyka uncovered well-preserved archaeological layers, dated by optically stimulated luminescence to late MIS 6–early MIS 5, making it the earliest known Middle Paleolithic occupation in the Negev Desert. Stable Isotope data from the site supports this chronology and suggests a correlation with one of the Negev Humid Periods. The lithic assemblage from the site is characterized by the dominance of the unidirectional convergent Levallois reduction strategy and the systematic production of triangular end-products. These traits, commonly associated with Late Middle Paleolithic sites in the southern Levant, differ from the contemporaneous MIS 6–5 centripetal Levallois and Nubian Levallois assemblages that are found in the Negev. The Besor Dyka lithics represents a third, previously unrecognized lithic tradition in the Negev during MIS 6–5. The results present new information on human adaptation to arid environments during the Middle Paleolithic and the possible influence of humid episodes on the movement of hunter gatherers between neighboring regions. The findings also emphasize that within the Middle Paleolithic of the southern Levant, the dominance of a specific Levallois strategy alone cannot reliably be used as a chronological marker.

黎凡特南部干旱地区中旧石器时代中期的特点是存在两种截然不同的石器传统，它们以不同的还原序列为主导：向心勒瓦卢瓦和努比亚勒瓦卢瓦。在Besor Dyka遗址的一次新挖掘发现了保存完好的考古层，通过光学刺激发光可以追溯到MIS 6晚期- MIS 5早期，使其成为内盖夫沙漠中已知最早的旧石器时代中期占领。来自该遗址的稳定同位素数据支持这一年代学，并表明它与内盖夫湿润期的一个时期有关。该遗址的岩石组合以单向收敛的Levallois还原策略和三角形最终产品的系统生产为特征。这些特征通常与黎凡特南部旧石器时代晚期中期遗址有关，与在内盖夫发现的同时期MIS 6-5向心勒瓦卢瓦和努比亚勒瓦卢瓦组合不同。Besor Dyka岩屑代表了在MIS 6-5期间内盖夫第三个以前未被认识到的岩屑传统。这些结果提供了关于旧石器时代中期人类对干旱环境的适应的新信息，以及潮湿时期对邻近地区之间狩猎采集者运动的可能影响。研究结果还强调，在黎凡特南部旧石器时代中期，一种特定的勒瓦卢瓦策略的统治地位不能单独作为一个可靠的年代标记。

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引用次数: 0