Pub Date : 2025-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109710
Wenyu Dong , Wanyin Qiu , Kui Gao , Yue Li , Xing Liu , Yan Yang , Yi Wang , Xianfeng Wang , Chun-Yuan Huang , Chuan-Chou Shen , Binggui Cai , Xiuyang Jiang
The weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon intensity during the Younger Dryas (YD) event has been well documented in paleoclimate archives, yet the spatiotemporal patterns of hydroclimatic variability across monsoonal eastern China remain debated. Here, we present multi-proxy records based on precisely dated speleothems from Xianyun (XY) Cave, Southeastern China, featuring by average 5-year-resolved δ18O/δ13C and 21-year-resolved (Mg/Sr)/Ca ratios during 13.66-10.69 kyr B.P. The stalagmite δ18O amplitude across the YD-Preboreal transition in Xianyun Cave is 0.26 ‰, which is probably the smallest recorded among all studied caves in the eastern Monsoon Region of China (MRC). While the XY stalagmite δ18O profile confirms monsoon weakening during the YD, the first principal component analysis of δ13C and Mg/Ca reveals sustained relatively wet conditions in Southeastern China throughout this interval. A comparison of 18 paleoclimate proxies across the East Asia MRC expressed a meridional tripole (“-+-”) hydroclimate mode along the North China - South China - South China Sea coastal transect during the YD. We propose that a southward migration of the summer monsoon rain belt, modulated by the southward shift and intensification of the westerlies and the southwestward extension of Western Pacific Subtropical High, resulted in the spatial heterogeneity of hydroclimate in the MRC during the YD.
{"title":"Meridional tripole hydroclimate pattern changes in East Asian monsoon region of China during the Younger Dryas","authors":"Wenyu Dong , Wanyin Qiu , Kui Gao , Yue Li , Xing Liu , Yan Yang , Yi Wang , Xianfeng Wang , Chun-Yuan Huang , Chuan-Chou Shen , Binggui Cai , Xiuyang Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The weakening of the East Asian summer monsoon intensity during the Younger Dryas (YD) event has been well documented in paleoclimate archives, yet the spatiotemporal patterns of hydroclimatic variability across monsoonal eastern China remain debated. Here, we present multi-proxy records based on precisely dated speleothems from Xianyun (XY) Cave, Southeastern China, featuring by average 5-year-resolved δ<sup>18</sup>O/δ<sup>13</sup>C and 21-year-resolved (Mg/Sr)/Ca ratios during 13.66-10.69 kyr B.P. The stalagmite δ<sup>18</sup>O amplitude across the YD-Preboreal transition in Xianyun Cave is 0.26 ‰, which is probably the smallest recorded among all studied caves in the eastern Monsoon Region of China (MRC). While the XY stalagmite δ<sup>18</sup>O profile confirms monsoon weakening during the YD, the first principal component analysis of δ<sup>13</sup>C and Mg/Ca reveals sustained relatively wet conditions in Southeastern China throughout this interval. A comparison of 18 paleoclimate proxies across the East Asia MRC expressed a meridional tripole (“-+-”) hydroclimate mode along the North China - South China - South China Sea coastal transect during the YD. We propose that a southward migration of the summer monsoon rain belt, modulated by the southward shift and intensification of the westerlies and the southwestward extension of Western Pacific Subtropical High, resulted in the spatial heterogeneity of hydroclimate in the MRC during the YD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"372 ","pages":"Article 109710"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145555143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-19DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109697
Federico De Sario , Marco Avanzini , Isabella Salvador , Marta Zunino , Elisabetta Starnini , Daniele Arobba , Paolo Citton , Fabio Negrino , Ivano Rellini , Marco Romano
The Grotta della Bàsura (Bàsura Cave) provides invaluable evidence of human-canid interactions during the Upper Palaeolithic. It offers unique insights into early domestication processes and the role of animals in human survival and exploration of hypogean environments. This study focuses on the canine footprints preserved within the cave. Combining neoichnological analyses, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and comparative fossil evidence, the study investigates the origin and significance of the footprints. The results suggest that the canine footprints likely belong to a single individual, indicating a close association between humans and a probable domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris). Neoichnological methods demonstrated that the variation in fossil canine tracks aligns with patterns observed in modern domestic dogs. Key parameters such as footprint width and interdigital angles were found to be effective in distinguishing between forefoot and hindfoot impressions. Regression formulas derived from this analysis were used to reconstruct the trackmaker's physical characteristics, identifying a large dog weighing approximately 39 kg, with a shoulder height of 69 cm and a total length of 108 cm. The contemporaneity of human and canine tracks is evident through overlapping and superimposed impressions. This ichnological record is consistent with genetic and archaeological evidence of dog domestication as a regionally diverse process, dating back 14,400 years. The Grotta della Bàsura represents the earliest direct evidence of domesticated dogs accompanying humans, underscoring their pivotal role in survival, adaptation, and exploration during the Upper Palaeolithic.
Grotta della Bàsura （Bàsura洞穴）提供了旧石器时代晚期人类与犬科动物相互作用的宝贵证据。它为早期驯化过程和动物在人类生存和探索低温环境中的作用提供了独特的见解。这项研究的重点是洞穴中保存的犬类脚印。结合新技术分析、主成分分析（PCA）和比较化石证据，研究了脚印的起源和意义。研究结果表明，这些犬类脚印很可能属于一个个体，表明人类和一只可能的家犬（Canis lupus familiaris）之间存在密切联系。新技术方法表明，化石犬足迹的变化与在现代家养犬身上观察到的模式一致。关键参数，如足迹宽度和指间角被发现是有效的区分前足和后足印痕。利用该分析得出的回归公式重建了这只追踪者的身体特征，确定了一只重约39公斤、肩高69厘米、全长108厘米的大型狗。人类和犬类足迹的同时代性通过重叠和叠加的印象很明显。这一技术记录与遗传和考古证据一致，表明狗的驯化是一个区域多样化的过程，可以追溯到14400年前。Grotta della Bàsura是最早的直接证据，表明驯化的狗陪伴着人类，强调了它们在旧石器时代晚期的生存、适应和探索中发挥的关键作用。
{"title":"The dog domestication: new ichnological evidence from the Upper Palaeolithic of the Bàsura cave (Toirano, NW Italy)","authors":"Federico De Sario , Marco Avanzini , Isabella Salvador , Marta Zunino , Elisabetta Starnini , Daniele Arobba , Paolo Citton , Fabio Negrino , Ivano Rellini , Marco Romano","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The <em>Grotta della Bàsura</em> (Bàsura Cave) provides invaluable evidence of human-canid interactions during the Upper Palaeolithic. It offers unique insights into early domestication processes and the role of animals in human survival and exploration of hypogean environments. This study focuses on the canine footprints preserved within the cave. Combining neoichnological analyses, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and comparative fossil evidence, the study investigates the origin and significance of the footprints. The results suggest that the canine footprints likely belong to a single individual, indicating a close association between humans and a probable domestic dog (<em>Canis lupus familiaris</em>). Neoichnological methods demonstrated that the variation in fossil canine tracks aligns with patterns observed in modern domestic dogs. Key parameters such as footprint width and interdigital angles were found to be effective in distinguishing between forefoot and hindfoot impressions. Regression formulas derived from this analysis were used to reconstruct the trackmaker's physical characteristics, identifying a large dog weighing approximately 39 kg, with a shoulder height of 69 cm and a total length of 108 cm. The contemporaneity of human and canine tracks is evident through overlapping and superimposed impressions. This ichnological record is consistent with genetic and archaeological evidence of dog domestication as a regionally diverse process, dating back 14,400 years. The <em>Grotta della Bàsura</em> represents the earliest direct evidence of domesticated dogs accompanying humans, underscoring their pivotal role in survival, adaptation, and exploration during the Upper Palaeolithic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 109697"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145577835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-17DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109708
Ivy Notterpek , Alexandre Lucquin , Samuel Abiven , Pierre Bodu , Tobias Bromm , Bruno Glaser , Henri-Georges Naton , Matthew D. Pickering , Oliver E. Craig , Isabelle Théry-Parisot
Despite the central role of fire in Pleistocene and Palaeolithic lifeways, the relationship among hominins, fire, and their environment remains unclear. Ancient combustion residues hold a wealth of molecular data that may help to resolve some of these questions, yet standardised guidelines for reconstructing past fire traces are notably lacking. In this study, we examine extensive combustion residues overlying Middle Palaeolithic deposits from the open-air site of Ormesson (France). To determine whether the combustion residues are of natural or human origin, multiproxy approaches including anthracology, lipid biomarker, and benzene polycarboxylic acid (BPCA) analyses are applied. These techniques are used to characterise organic matter and pyrogenic carbon compositions in the deposits, providing insights into surrounding vegetation, palaeoenvironmental shifts, and the production parameters involved in the formation of the char assemblage. Lipid biomarker evidence suggests that the pre-fire local environment featured abundant coniferous vegetation (e.g., Pinaceae taxa), which is supported by anthracological evidence for a predominance of Pinus cf. sylvestris/nigra complemented by Betula sp. taxa. The post-fire environment saw a contraction of coniferous vegetation, concurrent with an expansion of deciduous taxa, grasses and herbaceous material. The combustion event, which resulted in 67 % of the charcoal assemblage exhibiting vitrification, produced PyC contents of up to 362 g/kg OC in soil samples and 443 g/kg OC in charcoal samples, with aromatic condensation values of up to 34 %. BPCA-derived predictions of heat treatment temperatures yielded values of approximately 300–400 °C for charcoal samples and 400–550 °C for soil samples in the burned layer, constituting the first instance in which quantitative temperature estimations are obtained from BPCA results. Based on the integrated evidence, we accept the null hypothesis that the studied combustion residues are natural in origin. However, the similarity of archaeometric and geochemical signatures from natural and human-controlled fires underscores the need for interdisciplinary, multiproxy efforts to improve the identification of past fire regimes.
{"title":"Organic geochemical investigations of an MIS 5 fire in the Palaeolithic deposits of Ormesson (Seine-et-Marne, France): Anthropic or natural?","authors":"Ivy Notterpek , Alexandre Lucquin , Samuel Abiven , Pierre Bodu , Tobias Bromm , Bruno Glaser , Henri-Georges Naton , Matthew D. Pickering , Oliver E. Craig , Isabelle Théry-Parisot","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the central role of fire in Pleistocene and Palaeolithic lifeways, the relationship among hominins, fire, and their environment remains unclear. Ancient combustion residues hold a wealth of molecular data that may help to resolve some of these questions, yet standardised guidelines for reconstructing past fire traces are notably lacking. In this study, we examine extensive combustion residues overlying Middle Palaeolithic deposits from the open-air site of Ormesson (France). To determine whether the combustion residues are of natural or human origin, multiproxy approaches including anthracology, lipid biomarker, and benzene polycarboxylic acid (BPCA) analyses are applied. These techniques are used to characterise organic matter and pyrogenic carbon compositions in the deposits, providing insights into surrounding vegetation, palaeoenvironmental shifts, and the production parameters involved in the formation of the char assemblage. Lipid biomarker evidence suggests that the pre-fire local environment featured abundant coniferous vegetation (e.g., Pinaceae taxa), which is supported by anthracological evidence for a predominance of <em>Pinus</em> cf. <em>sylvestris/nigra</em> complemented by <em>Betula</em> sp. taxa. The post-fire environment saw a contraction of coniferous vegetation, concurrent with an expansion of deciduous taxa, grasses and herbaceous material. The combustion event, which resulted in 67 % of the charcoal assemblage exhibiting vitrification, produced PyC contents of up to 362 g/kg OC in soil samples and 443 g/kg OC in charcoal samples, with aromatic condensation values of up to 34 %. BPCA-derived predictions of heat treatment temperatures yielded values of approximately 300–400 °C for charcoal samples and 400–550 °C for soil samples in the burned layer, constituting the first instance in which quantitative temperature estimations are obtained from BPCA results. Based on the integrated evidence, we accept the null hypothesis that the studied combustion residues are natural in origin. However, the similarity of archaeometric and geochemical signatures from natural and human-controlled fires underscores the need for interdisciplinary, multiproxy efforts to improve the identification of past fire regimes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 109708"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145577837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-17DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109712
Wei Liu , Jian-Ping Yue , You-Qian Li , Ke-Liang Zhao , Si-Qi Lu , Guang-Yi Bai , Yang Liu , Yu-Xiu Zhang , Shi-Xia Yang
Late Pleistocene lithic miniaturization, particularly the emergence, development and spread of microblade technology in East and Northeast Asia, has received substantial attention. Here we present a comprehensive study of the Xishantou site in Northeast China, dated to 28.3–27.4 cal ka BP. The lithic assemblage is characterized by intensive exploitation of local tuff and rhyolite and the coexistence of diversified technical systems, including core-flake and laminar reduction strategies (i.e. blade, bladelet and microblade removals). Microblades and bladelets of the site were primarily detached from burin-cores by soft-stone-hammer percussion and formed an independent reduction sequence distinct from blade reduction. Therefore, the Xishantou site provides unequivocal evidence for the appearance of microblade technology in Northeast China at the onset of Marine Isotope Stage 2 (MIS 2). This abrupt technological shift within the long-standing core-flake tradition of Northeast China may be closely linked to the eastward migration and dispersal of northern Eurasian populations, coupled with climate and environmental deterioration during the transition from MIS 3 to MIS 2. Subsequently, southward migration of populations equipped with microblade technologies to more hospitable regions was recorded in several sites during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), for example, at the site of Helong Dadong in the Changbaishan Mountains. These findings provide critical new insights into the emergence and development of microblade technology in Northeast China. They also shed light on the population dynamics and their adaptive strategies in response to fluctuating climate and environment during the Late Pleistocene.
晚更新世岩屑微型化，特别是微刀片技术在东亚和东北亚的出现、发展和传播，受到了广泛关注。本文对中国东北地区28.3 ~ 27.4 cal ka BP的西山头遗址进行了全面的研究。岩石组合的特点是局部凝灰岩和流纹岩的密集开采，以及多种技术系统的共存，包括岩心-薄片和层流还原策略（即叶片、叶片和微叶片去除）。该遗址的微叶片和小叶片主要通过软石锤撞击与烧心分离，形成了不同于叶片还原的独立还原序列。因此，西山头遗址为东北地区在海洋同位素阶段2 （MIS 2）开始时出现微叶片技术提供了明确的证据。中国东北长期存在的核心片传统中的这种突然的技术转变可能与欧亚北部人口的向东迁移和分散密切相关，再加上从MIS 3向MIS 2过渡期间的气候和环境恶化。随后，在末次盛冰期（Last Glacial Maximum， LGM）的几个地点，如长白山和龙大洞遗址，记录了配备微叶片技术的种群向南迁移到更适宜居住的地区。这些发现为微叶片技术在东北地区的出现和发展提供了重要的新见解。它们还揭示了晚更新世期间种群动态及其对波动的气候和环境的适应策略。
{"title":"The appearance of microblade technology at the onset of Marine Isotope Stage 2 in Northeast China","authors":"Wei Liu , Jian-Ping Yue , You-Qian Li , Ke-Liang Zhao , Si-Qi Lu , Guang-Yi Bai , Yang Liu , Yu-Xiu Zhang , Shi-Xia Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109712","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109712","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Late Pleistocene lithic miniaturization, particularly the emergence, development and spread of microblade technology in East and Northeast Asia, has received substantial attention. Here we present a comprehensive study of the Xishantou site in Northeast China, dated to 28.3–27.4 cal ka BP. The lithic assemblage is characterized by intensive exploitation of local tuff and rhyolite and the coexistence of diversified technical systems, including core-flake and laminar reduction strategies (i.e. blade, bladelet and microblade removals). Microblades and bladelets of the site were primarily detached from burin-cores by soft-stone-hammer percussion and formed an independent reduction sequence distinct from blade reduction. Therefore, the Xishantou site provides unequivocal evidence for the appearance of microblade technology in Northeast China at the onset of Marine Isotope Stage 2 (MIS 2). This abrupt technological shift within the long-standing core-flake tradition of Northeast China may be closely linked to the eastward migration and dispersal of northern Eurasian populations, coupled with climate and environmental deterioration during the transition from MIS 3 to MIS 2. Subsequently, southward migration of populations equipped with microblade technologies to more hospitable regions was recorded in several sites during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), for example, at the site of Helong Dadong in the Changbaishan Mountains. These findings provide critical new insights into the emergence and development of microblade technology in Northeast China. They also shed light on the population dynamics and their adaptive strategies in response to fluctuating climate and environment during the Late Pleistocene.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 109712"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145577836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109687
Thiago P. Souza , Maria Luiza C.C. Rosa , Paulo C.F. Giannini , Sérgio R. Dillenburg , Eduardo G. Barboza-Pinzon , Felipe Caron , Juan Sebastian Gomez-Neita , Sergio M.M. Cárdenas , Gilberto S. Santos
The evolution of coastal sand barriers is closely linked to sea-level fluctuations and sediment supply, which in turn are associated with climatic variations. Climate also exerts control over the development of penecontemporaneous or late-stage aeolian deposits that become superimposed on these barriers. This study examines the chronology and sedimentological features of Barrier III, a Pleistocene sandy coastal barrier with an aeolian cover, located in the northern sector of the coastal plain of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The stratigraphic succession observed in three vertical sections revealed two principal depositional sequences. Depositional Sequence 1 (DS1), attributed to MIS 5e, records the superposition of shallow-marine deposits and penecontemporaneous coastal dunes formed during the transgressive–highstand interval, reflecting barrier construction under relative sea-level rise. Depositional Sequence 2 (DS2) consists of late-stage aeolian deposits that reworked antecedent DS1 dune sands under lower sea-level conditions than present. The OSL ages obtained for DS1 range from 167 ± 11 ka to 149 ± 11 ka, which are older than typically expected for MIS 5e and are interpreted as overestimated, likely due to signal saturation, enhanced cosmic-ray contribution in a low-radioactivity setting, and/or incomplete bleaching. DS2 yielded ages between 61 ± 5 ka and 141 ± 0.16 years, indicating multiple phases of Late Pleistocene to Holocene aeolian activity. Aeolian sedimentation was thus recurrent throughout the barrier evolution, but controlled by different mechanisms: in DS1, dune formation was linked to shoreline position during the MIS 5e highstand, whereas in DS2, aeolian reworking was predominantly driven by climatic variability, independent of relative sea-level oscillations. Grain-size distribution and heavy mineral data show that the aeolian sands of DS1 inherited their heavy-mineral signature from underlying shallow-marine deposits, whereas DS2 deposits represent the short-distance reworking of DS1 dunes under renewed aeolian activity and pedogenesis. These findings underscore the importance of integrating sedimentological and chronological data to reconstruct the evolutionary history of coastal systems, offering insights into how ancient sandy coastal barriers responded both to sea-level changes and to climatic forcing.
沿海沙障的演变与海平面波动和沉积物供应密切相关，而海平面波动和沉积物供应又与气候变化有关。气候还控制着叠加在这些屏障上的准同生或晚期风成沉积物的发育。本文研究了位于巴西南里约热内卢Grande do Sul海岸平原北部的具有风成覆盖的更新世砂质海岸屏障III的年代学和沉积学特征。三个垂直剖面的地层演替揭示了两个主要的沉积层序。归属于MIS 5e的沉积层序1 （DS1）记录了海侵—高水位段形成的浅海沉积与准同生海岸沙丘的叠加，反映了相对海平面上升条件下的屏障构造。沉积层序2 （DS2）由较低海平面条件下改造了前DS1沙丘砂的晚期风成沉积组成。DS1获得的OSL年龄范围为167±11 ka至149±11 ka，比MIS 5e的典型预期年龄要大，并且被解释为高估，可能是由于信号饱和，低放射性环境中宇宙射线贡献的增强，和/或不完全漂白。DS2测定的年龄在61±5 ka ~ 141±0.16年之间，反映了晚更新世到全新世风成活动的多个阶段。因此，风成沉积在整个屏障演化过程中反复出现，但受到不同机制的控制：在DS1中，沙丘形成与MIS 5e高水位期间的海岸线位置有关，而在DS2中，风成重塑主要由气候变化驱动，与相对海平面波动无关。DS1的粒度分布和重矿物数据表明，DS1的风成砂继承了下伏浅海沉积的重矿物特征，而DS2的沉积则代表了DS1沙丘在更新的风成活动和成土作用下的短距离改造。这些发现强调了整合沉积学和年代学数据来重建海岸系统进化史的重要性，为了解古代沙质海岸屏障如何响应海平面变化和气候强迫提供了见解。
{"title":"Sedimentology, chronology, and evolution of a Pleistocene Barrier (MIS 5) in the North of the Coastal Plain of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil","authors":"Thiago P. Souza , Maria Luiza C.C. Rosa , Paulo C.F. Giannini , Sérgio R. Dillenburg , Eduardo G. Barboza-Pinzon , Felipe Caron , Juan Sebastian Gomez-Neita , Sergio M.M. Cárdenas , Gilberto S. Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The evolution of coastal sand barriers is closely linked to sea-level fluctuations and sediment supply, which in turn are associated with climatic variations. Climate also exerts control over the development of penecontemporaneous or late-stage aeolian deposits that become superimposed on these barriers. This study examines the chronology and sedimentological features of Barrier III, a Pleistocene sandy coastal barrier with an aeolian cover, located in the northern sector of the coastal plain of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The stratigraphic succession observed in three vertical sections revealed two principal depositional sequences. Depositional Sequence 1 (DS1), attributed to MIS 5e, records the superposition of shallow-marine deposits and penecontemporaneous coastal dunes formed during the transgressive–highstand interval, reflecting barrier construction under relative sea-level rise. Depositional Sequence 2 (DS2) consists of late-stage aeolian deposits that reworked antecedent DS1 dune sands under lower sea-level conditions than present. The OSL ages obtained for DS1 range from 167 ± 11 ka to 149 ± 11 ka, which are older than typically expected for MIS 5e and are interpreted as overestimated, likely due to signal saturation, enhanced cosmic-ray contribution in a low-radioactivity setting, and/or incomplete bleaching. DS2 yielded ages between 61 ± 5 ka and 141 ± 0.16 years, indicating multiple phases of Late Pleistocene to Holocene aeolian activity. Aeolian sedimentation was thus recurrent throughout the barrier evolution, but controlled by different mechanisms: in DS1, dune formation was linked to shoreline position during the MIS 5e highstand, whereas in DS2, aeolian reworking was predominantly driven by climatic variability, independent of relative sea-level oscillations. Grain-size distribution and heavy mineral data show that the aeolian sands of DS1 inherited their heavy-mineral signature from underlying shallow-marine deposits, whereas DS2 deposits represent the short-distance reworking of DS1 dunes under renewed aeolian activity and pedogenesis. These findings underscore the importance of integrating sedimentological and chronological data to reconstruct the evolutionary history of coastal systems, offering insights into how ancient sandy coastal barriers responded both to sea-level changes and to climatic forcing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 109687"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109689
Ekaterina P. Kulakova , Redzhep N. Kurbanov , Piotr M. Sosin
Southern Tajikistan hosts the most complete and continuous loess-paleosol sequences in Central Asia, yet they remain insufficiently investigated using the paleomagnetic method. Previous magnetostratigraphic studies placed the stratigraphic positions of the most recent geomagnetic episodes at levels that differ markedly from those expected based on age-model correlations, highlighting the need for detailed investigation. Here, we present the results of a high-resolution magnetostratigraphic study of the reference loess-paleosol section Khonako-II (Southern Tajikistan, Central Asia) aimed at clarifying regional chronostratigraphy. Three recent geomagnetic polarity boundaries – the Matuyama-Brunhes, Jaramillo-Matuyama, and Matuyama-Jaramillo reversals – have been identified and stratigraphically constrained within regional pedocomplexes (PC) 9, PC14, and PC16, which correlate with warm marine isotope stages (MIS) 19, MIS 28b, and MIS 31, respectively. Our results show that the depth offset of the reversal boundaries from their expected positions based on age-model correlations does not exceed 1 m, likely reflecting the characteristics of the lock-in mechanism governing the acquisition of remanent magnetization in the sediments. In addition, we identified a 1.75 m-thick interval within L11 (MIS 22) that preserves an anomalous record of a geomagnetic excursion. The excursion is expressed by a pronounced reduction in magnetization intensity, increased dispersion of paleomagnetic directions, and the occurrence of anomalous vector orientations – features consistent with geomagnetic field instability. Assuming a constant sedimentation rate within L11, we estimate the midpoint age and duration of this excursion at ∼0.88 Ma and 9–10 kyr, respectively, and attribute this event to the Kamikatsura excursion, representing its first documented occurrence in the Tajik loess record. These findings demonstrate the high temporal resolution of the Tajik loess-paleosol deposits and their value as a reliable archive for documenting Quaternary geomagnetic field behavior. In particular, well-developed paleosols and rapid sedimentation rates of the Tajik loess provide improved potential for distinguishing late Matuyama geomagnetic excursions, which are still poorly understood.
{"title":"New high-resolution magnetostratigraphic record of the last 1.2 Myr from loess-paleosol section Khonako-II in Southern Tajikistan, Central Asia","authors":"Ekaterina P. Kulakova , Redzhep N. Kurbanov , Piotr M. Sosin","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Southern Tajikistan hosts the most complete and continuous loess-paleosol sequences in Central Asia, yet they remain insufficiently investigated using the paleomagnetic method. Previous magnetostratigraphic studies placed the stratigraphic positions of the most recent geomagnetic episodes at levels that differ markedly from those expected based on age-model correlations, highlighting the need for detailed investigation. Here, we present the results of a high-resolution magnetostratigraphic study of the reference loess-paleosol section Khonako-II (Southern Tajikistan, Central Asia) aimed at clarifying regional chronostratigraphy. Three recent geomagnetic polarity boundaries – the Matuyama-Brunhes, Jaramillo-Matuyama, and Matuyama-Jaramillo reversals – have been identified and stratigraphically constrained within regional pedocomplexes (PC) 9, PC14, and PC16, which correlate with warm marine isotope stages (MIS) 19, MIS 28b, and MIS 31, respectively. Our results show that the depth offset of the reversal boundaries from their expected positions based on age-model correlations does not exceed 1 m, likely reflecting the characteristics of the lock-in mechanism governing the acquisition of remanent magnetization in the sediments. In addition, we identified a 1.75 m-thick interval within L11 (MIS 22) that preserves an anomalous record of a geomagnetic excursion. The excursion is expressed by a pronounced reduction in magnetization intensity, increased dispersion of paleomagnetic directions, and the occurrence of anomalous vector orientations – features consistent with geomagnetic field instability. Assuming a constant sedimentation rate within L11, we estimate the midpoint age and duration of this excursion at ∼0.88 Ma and 9–10 kyr, respectively, and attribute this event to the Kamikatsura excursion, representing its first documented occurrence in the Tajik loess record. These findings demonstrate the high temporal resolution of the Tajik loess-paleosol deposits and their value as a reliable archive for documenting Quaternary geomagnetic field behavior. In particular, well-developed paleosols and rapid sedimentation rates of the Tajik loess provide improved potential for distinguishing late Matuyama geomagnetic excursions, which are still poorly understood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 109689"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109673
José Carrión , Gabriela Amorós , Ariadna Amorós , Ana B. Marín-Arroyo
Understanding the environmental contexts in which Neanderthals lived is essential for interpreting their behavioral adaptations, resource use, and ecological strategies. These landscapes shaped the availability of plant and animal resources, influencing patterns of mobility, technology, and survival. This article presents an integrative reconstruction of Neanderthal landscapes across the full extent of their Eurasian distribution, combining palaeoecological synthesis, archaeobotanical records, and scientifically grounded palaeoart applied to Iberian case studies with particular emphasis on plant species—traditionally marginalized in a predominantly zoocentric paleoartistic tradition. Building on a sustained review articulated through a series of landscape “chronicles,” the study contextualizes palaeovegetation mosaics across stadial and interstadial phases during the Middle and Late Pleistocene. By examining the interplay between vegetation dynamics, climatic oscillations, and human presence, we explore the spatial heterogeneity of Neanderthal environments, the persistence of forest elements in southern glacial refugia, the existence of migratory corridors and coastal platforms, and the shifting expression of the Mediterranean biome under Quaternary rhythms. The palaeoartistic reconstructions are firmly rooted in palaeobotanical evidence and serve as heuristic devices for generating hypotheses about Neanderthal habitat structure, ecological plasticity, and niche breadth. These visualizations move beyond mere illustration to render palaeobiogeographic complexity and to support a broader discussion of Neanderthal eco-evolutionary interactions, including resource use, refugial continuity, and interspecific contact. Importantly, this work seeks to challenge the entrenched popular view that Neanderthals must be associated exclusively with treeless, open glacial landscapes, instead highlighting the diversity of vegetated environments in which they lived.
{"title":"Beyond the cold steppes: Neanderthal landscapes and the neglect of flora","authors":"José Carrión , Gabriela Amorós , Ariadna Amorós , Ana B. Marín-Arroyo","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109673","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109673","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the environmental contexts in which Neanderthals lived is essential for interpreting their behavioral adaptations, resource use, and ecological strategies. These landscapes shaped the availability of plant and animal resources, influencing patterns of mobility, technology, and survival. This article presents an integrative reconstruction of Neanderthal landscapes across the full extent of their Eurasian distribution, combining palaeoecological synthesis, archaeobotanical records, and scientifically grounded palaeoart applied to Iberian case studies with particular emphasis on plant species—traditionally marginalized in a predominantly zoocentric paleoartistic tradition. Building on a sustained review articulated through a series of landscape “chronicles,” the study contextualizes palaeovegetation mosaics across stadial and interstadial phases during the Middle and Late Pleistocene. By examining the interplay between vegetation dynamics, climatic oscillations, and human presence, we explore the spatial heterogeneity of Neanderthal environments, the persistence of forest elements in southern glacial refugia, the existence of migratory corridors and coastal platforms, and the shifting expression of the Mediterranean biome under Quaternary rhythms. The palaeoartistic reconstructions are firmly rooted in palaeobotanical evidence and serve as heuristic devices for generating hypotheses about Neanderthal habitat structure, ecological plasticity, and niche breadth. These visualizations move beyond mere illustration to render palaeobiogeographic complexity and to support a broader discussion of Neanderthal eco-evolutionary interactions, including resource use, refugial continuity, and interspecific contact. Importantly, this work seeks to challenge the entrenched popular view that Neanderthals must be associated exclusively with treeless, open glacial landscapes, instead highlighting the diversity of vegetated environments in which they lived.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 109673"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-14DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109698
S.P.E. Blockley , R.G.O. Timms , K. Flowers , A. Carter-Champion , I. Oikonomou , T. Karampaglidis , R.J. Kearney , H. Hawkins , J.E. Sherriff , B. Gasparyan , A. Petrosyan , A. Malinsky-Buller
The use of distal volcanic ash horizons (tephra) in Palaeolithic archaeology is becoming an increasingly important tool for dating and correlating different sequences. Much work so far has focussed on Marine Isotope Stage 3 as it is a critical period in human history, and witnesses the transition in Europe and the Near East from the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic as a time transgressive process. One important region that has only recently begun to be explored for the potential of tephra in MIS3 archaeology is the Armenian Highlands. This paper reviews the published data from sites in the region within this time period and then presents new data from the sites of Kalavan-2 open air and Ararat-1 cave, covering the period from ∼60,000 to 30,000 BP (years before present). These data are compared to published tephra records from volcanic centres in the Caucasus and the Eastern, Central and Western Volcanic Provinces in Turkey, and selected eruptions in Greece and Italy. Based on these comparisons we propose that there are potential tephra correlations between archaeological sites across the Armenian Highlands and southern Caucasus (Kalavan-2, Ararat-1 and Ortvale Klde). We also propose that there are potential correlations between Kalavan-2, Ararat-1 and tephra from the Nemrut volcano, as recorded in the recently published Lake Van tephra. Specifically, we suggest a correlation to the Van V-51 layer dated to ∼62,000 BP for both Kalavan-2 and Ararat-1, and discuss a possible correlation for Ararat-1 only to the V-45 tephra, dated to ∼59,000 BP. The first proposed correlation is broadly in line with existing site chronologies and implies an early MIS3 occupation in the region, the latter date however, is not in agreement with the Ararat-1 site chronology, highlighting the difficulties of working on Palaeolithic archaeological sites. The paper finishes with a discussion of the critical elements that are required to move archaeological tephra studies in this region forward in the future.
{"title":"Towards a long-term tephrochronological framework for synchronisation of archaeological records in the Armenian Highlands and southern caucasus for MIS3: new data from Ararat-1 and Kalavan-2 sites","authors":"S.P.E. Blockley , R.G.O. Timms , K. Flowers , A. Carter-Champion , I. Oikonomou , T. Karampaglidis , R.J. Kearney , H. Hawkins , J.E. Sherriff , B. Gasparyan , A. Petrosyan , A. Malinsky-Buller","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of distal volcanic ash horizons (tephra) in Palaeolithic archaeology is becoming an increasingly important tool for dating and correlating different sequences. Much work so far has focussed on Marine Isotope Stage 3 as it is a critical period in human history, and witnesses the transition in Europe and the Near East from the Middle to Upper Palaeolithic as a time transgressive process. One important region that has only recently begun to be explored for the potential of tephra in MIS3 archaeology is the Armenian Highlands. This paper reviews the published data from sites in the region within this time period and then presents new data from the sites of Kalavan-2 open air and Ararat-1 cave, covering the period from ∼60,000 to 30,000 BP (years before present). These data are compared to published tephra records from volcanic centres in the Caucasus and the Eastern, Central and Western Volcanic Provinces in Turkey, and selected eruptions in Greece and Italy. Based on these comparisons we propose that there are potential tephra correlations between archaeological sites across the Armenian Highlands and southern Caucasus (Kalavan-2, Ararat-1 and Ortvale Klde). We also propose that there are potential correlations between Kalavan-2, Ararat-1 and tephra from the Nemrut volcano, as recorded in the recently published Lake Van tephra. Specifically, we suggest a correlation to the Van V-51 layer dated to ∼62,000 BP for both Kalavan-2 and Ararat-1, and discuss a possible correlation for Ararat-1 only to the V-45 tephra, dated to ∼59,000 BP. The first proposed correlation is broadly in line with existing site chronologies and implies an early MIS3 occupation in the region, the latter date however, is not in agreement with the Ararat-1 site chronology, highlighting the difficulties of working on Palaeolithic archaeological sites. The paper finishes with a discussion of the critical elements that are required to move archaeological tephra studies in this region forward in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 109698"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109693
Zhenyu Ni , Enlou Zhang , Enfeng Liu , Xianqiang Meng , Weiwei Sun , Wenfang Zhang , Yao Wang , Rong Chen
Quantitative reconstruction of temperature changes since the Last Deglaciation is crucial for understanding global climate sensitivity and regional responses. Here, we present the first high-resolution mean July air temperature (MJT) record for Northeast China over the past 15 kyr, based on subfossil chironomid larvae from Tuofengling Maar Lake and a newly developed transfer function for mid-to-high latitude East Asian summer temperatures. The results reveal significant regional responses to global abrupt climate events, including rapid warming during the Bølling-Allerød (B/A) interstadial and an abrupt cooling (mean ∼3 °C, with extremes approaching ∼9 °C) during the Younger Dryas (YD). The Holocene exhibits a distinct three-stage evolution: early warming to a thermal maximum, Mid Holocene stability, and Late Holocene cooling, tracking the decline in Northern Hemisphere summer insolation. As the first high-resolution chironomid-based summer temperature record from the northern margin of the East Asian monsoon, this study provides an unambiguous seasonal signal to address the "Holocene temperature conundrum" in East Asia. The reconstructed Early Holocene thermal maximum and subsequent cooling validate orbitally forced Northern Hemisphere climate evolution and underscore the region's sensitivity to Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) variability.
末次冰期以来温度变化的定量重建对于理解全球气候敏感性和区域响应至关重要。本文基于沱峰岭麻尔湖摇尾虫亚化石资料和新建立的东亚中高纬度夏季气温传递函数，首次获得了中国东北地区近15年来7月平均气温的高分辨率记录。结果揭示了全球气候突变事件的显著区域响应，包括Bølling- allerø d （B/A）间期的快速升温和新仙女木期（YD）的突然降温（平均~ 3°C，极端值接近~ 9°C）。全新世表现出明显的三阶段演化：早期变暖至热最大值，全新世中期稳定，全新世晚期变冷，与北半球夏季日照减少有关。作为东亚季风北缘第一个基于chironomid的高分辨率夏季温度记录，本研究为解决东亚“全新世温度难题”提供了明确的季节信号。重建的早全新世热最大值和随后的变冷验证了轨道强迫北半球气候演变，并强调了该地区对大西洋经向翻转环流（AMOC）变率的敏感性。
{"title":"Pronounced sensitivity of Northeast China summer temperatures to AMOC and orbital forcing since the Late Deglaciation","authors":"Zhenyu Ni , Enlou Zhang , Enfeng Liu , Xianqiang Meng , Weiwei Sun , Wenfang Zhang , Yao Wang , Rong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Quantitative reconstruction of temperature changes since the Last Deglaciation is crucial for understanding global climate sensitivity and regional responses. Here, we present the first high-resolution mean July air temperature (MJT) record for Northeast China over the past 15 kyr, based on subfossil chironomid larvae from Tuofengling Maar Lake and a newly developed transfer function for mid-to-high latitude East Asian summer temperatures. The results reveal significant regional responses to global abrupt climate events, including rapid warming during the Bølling-Allerød (B/A) interstadial and an abrupt cooling (mean ∼3 °C, with extremes approaching ∼9 °C) during the Younger Dryas (YD). The Holocene exhibits a distinct three-stage evolution: early warming to a thermal maximum, Mid Holocene stability, and Late Holocene cooling, tracking the decline in Northern Hemisphere summer insolation. As the first high-resolution chironomid-based summer temperature record from the northern margin of the East Asian monsoon, this study provides an unambiguous seasonal signal to address the \"Holocene temperature conundrum\" in East Asia. The reconstructed Early Holocene thermal maximum and subsequent cooling validate orbitally forced Northern Hemisphere climate evolution and underscore the region's sensitivity to Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) variability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 109693"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-12DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109685
Eloise Wilkinson-Rowe , Christine S. Lane , Catherine Martin-Jones , David Grady , Björn Hohmeier , Cécile Blanchet , Graciela Gil-Romera , Asfawossen Asrat , Lucas Bittner , Bernd Wagner , Frank Schäbitz , Henry Lamb
The Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) hosts a rapidly growing population exposed to eruption hazards from ∼60 active Holocene volcanoes. The geological record preserves significant information about the nature and frequency of past explosive volcanism in the rift, but the Holocene eruption record remains incomplete and its implications for contemporary volcanic hazards are yet to be fully understood. Here we use lake sediments preserved at four sites: Babogaya (MER), Haro Kori and Wergoba (southeastern Ethiopian plateau), and Dendi (western Ethiopian plateau) to constrain the Late Holocene tephrostratigraphic record. We focus on Lake Babogaya in the Bishoftu Volcanic Field which preserves 5 visible and 2 cryptotephra layers dating between 0.4 and 4.5 ka. Distal ash in this record is chemically correlated by major element composition to at least three eruptions of the Boset Volcanic Complex and two eruptions of the Corbetti Volcanic System in the last 5 ka, providing the first absolute age control for recent explosive activity of Boset. Ashfall originating from the 1.3–1.9 ka VEI 5 Wendo Koshe Younger Pumice eruption of Corbetti is identified in three records allowing re-estimation of total erupted volume for this event with improved distal constraints. The total erupted volume is >1.3 times larger than previous estimates, dispersing ∼4.0 km3 (2.75–6.75 km3) of tephra over ∼90,000 km2, and predicts ashfall within range of Addis Ababa. An additional visible tephra preserved at Haro Kori, dating to 2.3 ka BP, indicates another large-magnitude eruption of Corbetti occurred within the last 2.5 ka. These findings demonstrate the value of distal lake records for improving the regional eruption record of the MER, providing crucial controls on the timing and magnitude of recent rift volcanism. Ash dispersal from central rift volcanism is capable of inundating populous areas across central Ethiopia; our work supports more informed preparation for future volcanic ash hazards in a region undergoing rapid development.
埃塞俄比亚主裂谷（MER）拥有快速增长的人口，暴露于约60个全新世活火山的喷发危险中。地质记录保存了有关裂谷中过去爆炸性火山活动的性质和频率的重要信息，但全新世喷发记录仍然不完整，其对当代火山危险的影响尚未得到充分理解。在这里，我们使用四个地点保存的湖泊沉积物：Babogaya (MER)， Haro Kori和Wergoba（埃塞俄比亚高原东南部）和Dendi（埃塞俄比亚高原西部）来限制晚全新世的地层记录。我们的重点是比绍图火山场的巴布加亚湖，它保留了5个可见层和2个隐层，时间在0.4到4.5 ka之间。根据主要元素组成，该记录中的远端火山灰与过去5ka中至少三次Boset火山复合体和两次Corbetti火山系统的喷发进行了化学对比，为Boset最近的爆炸活动提供了第一个绝对的年龄控制。在三个记录中确定了起源于1.3-1.9 ka VEI 5 Wendo Koshe Younger浮石喷发的灰烬，从而在改进的远端约束下重新估计了该事件的总喷发体积。总喷发量比以前估计的大1.3倍，在约90000平方公里范围内散布了约4.0 km3 （2.75-6.75 km3）的火山灰，并预测亚的斯亚贝巴范围内的火山灰。在Haro Kori保存的另一个可见的火山，可以追溯到2.3 ka BP，表明在过去的2.5 ka内发生了另一次大规模的Corbetti火山喷发。这些发现证明了远端湖泊记录对改善MER区域喷发记录的价值，为近期裂谷火山活动的时间和规模提供了重要的控制。来自中央裂谷火山活动的火山灰扩散能够淹没埃塞俄比亚中部的人口稠密地区；我们的工作支持在一个正在快速发展的地区为未来的火山灰灾害做更明智的准备。
{"title":"Refining Late Holocene explosive eruption histories of the Main Ethiopian Rift with lake sediment tephra records","authors":"Eloise Wilkinson-Rowe , Christine S. Lane , Catherine Martin-Jones , David Grady , Björn Hohmeier , Cécile Blanchet , Graciela Gil-Romera , Asfawossen Asrat , Lucas Bittner , Bernd Wagner , Frank Schäbitz , Henry Lamb","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) hosts a rapidly growing population exposed to eruption hazards from ∼60 active Holocene volcanoes. The geological record preserves significant information about the nature and frequency of past explosive volcanism in the rift, but the Holocene eruption record remains incomplete and its implications for contemporary volcanic hazards are yet to be fully understood. Here we use lake sediments preserved at four sites: Babogaya (MER), Haro Kori and Wergoba (southeastern Ethiopian plateau), and Dendi (western Ethiopian plateau) to constrain the Late Holocene tephrostratigraphic record. We focus on Lake Babogaya in the Bishoftu Volcanic Field which preserves 5 visible and 2 cryptotephra layers dating between 0.4 and 4.5 ka. Distal ash in this record is chemically correlated by major element composition to at least three eruptions of the Boset Volcanic Complex and two eruptions of the Corbetti Volcanic System in the last 5 ka, providing the first absolute age control for recent explosive activity of Boset. Ashfall originating from the 1.3–1.9 ka VEI 5 Wendo Koshe Younger Pumice eruption of Corbetti is identified in three records allowing re-estimation of total erupted volume for this event with improved distal constraints. The total erupted volume is >1.3 times larger than previous estimates, dispersing ∼4.0 km<sup>3</sup> (2.75–6.75 km<sup>3</sup>) of tephra over ∼90,000 km<sup>2</sup>, and predicts ashfall within range of Addis Ababa. An additional visible tephra preserved at Haro Kori, dating to 2.3 ka BP, indicates another large-magnitude eruption of Corbetti occurred within the last 2.5 ka. These findings demonstrate the value of distal lake records for improving the regional eruption record of the MER, providing crucial controls on the timing and magnitude of recent rift volcanism. Ash dispersal from central rift volcanism is capable of inundating populous areas across central Ethiopia; our work supports more informed preparation for future volcanic ash hazards in a region undergoing rapid development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"371 ","pages":"Article 109685"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145519337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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