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Knowledge and beliefs about dietary inorganic nitrate in a representative sample of adults from the United Kingdom. 英国具有代表性的成人样本对膳食中无机硝酸盐的认识和看法。
IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980024002167
Alex Griffiths, Evie Grainger, Jamie Matu, Shatha Alhulaefi, Eleanor Whyte, Eleanor Hayes, Kirsten Brandt, John C Mathers, Mario Siervo, Oliver M Shannon

Objective: Evaluate knowledge and beliefs about dietary nitrate among United Kingdom (UK)-based adults.

Design: An online questionnaire was administered to evaluate knowledge and beliefs about dietary nitrate. Overall knowledge of dietary nitrate was quantified using a twenty-one-point Nitrate Knowledge Index. Responses were compared between socio-demographic groups.

Setting: UK.

Participants: A nationally representative sample of 300 adults.

Results: Only 19 % of participants had heard of dietary nitrate prior to completing the questionnaire. Most participants (∼70 %) were unsure about the effects of dietary nitrate on health parameters (e.g. blood pressure, cognitive function and cancer risk) or exercise performance. Most participants were unsure of the average population intake (78 %) and acceptable daily intake (83 %) of nitrate. Knowledge of dietary sources of nitrate was generally low, with only ∼30 % of participants correctly identifying foods with higher or lower nitrate contents. Almost none of the participants had deliberately purchased, or avoided purchasing, a food based around its nitrate content. Nitrate Knowledge Index scores were generally low (median (interquartile range (IQR)): 5 (8)), but were significantly higher in individuals who were currently employed v. unemployed (median (IQR): 5 (7) v. 4 (7); P < 0·001), in those with previous nutrition education v. no nutrition education (median (IQR): 6 (7) v. 4 (8); P = 0·012) and in individuals who had heard of nitrate prior to completing the questionnaire v. those who had not (median (IQR): 9 (8) v. 4 (7); P < 0·001).

Conclusions: This study demonstrates low knowledge around dietary nitrate in UK-based adults. Greater education around dietary nitrate may be valuable to help individuals make more informed decisions about their consumption of this compound.

目的: 评估英国成年人对膳食硝酸盐的认识和看法:评估英国成年人对膳食硝酸盐的认识和看法:设计:进行在线问卷调查,评估有关膳食硝酸盐的知识和观念。采用 21 点硝酸盐知识指数对膳食硝酸盐的总体知识进行量化。背景:英国:地点:英国:结果:只有 19% 的参与者听说过硝酸盐:结果:只有 19% 的参与者在填写问卷之前听说过硝酸盐。大多数参与者(70%)不清楚膳食硝酸盐对健康参数(如血压、认知功能、癌症风险)或运动表现的影响。大多数参与者不清楚硝酸盐的人口平均摄入量(78%)和每日可接受摄入量(83%)。对膳食中硝酸盐来源的了解普遍较少,只有 30% 的参与者能正确识别硝酸盐含量较高或较低的食物。几乎没有参加者曾故意购买或避免购买硝酸盐含量高的食品。硝酸盐知识指数得分普遍较低(中位数[IQR]:5[8]),但目前有工作的人与失业的人相比(中位数[IQR]:5[7]vs.4[7];pp=0.012),以及在填写问卷前听说过硝酸盐的人与没有听说过硝酸盐的人相比(中位数[IQR]:9[8]vs.4[7];p结论:这项研究表明,英国成年人对膳食中硝酸盐的认识不足。加强有关膳食硝酸盐的教育可能很有价值,可以帮助人们在消费这种化合物时做出更明智的决定。
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引用次数: 0
Salt-related knowledge, attitudes and practices and their relationship with 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretions among a group of healthy residents in the UAE: a cross-sectional study. 阿联酋一群健康居民的盐相关知识、态度和做法及其与 24 小时尿钠和尿钾排泄量的关系:一项横断面研究。
IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-25 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980024002015
Amjad H Jarrar, Pariyarath S Thondre, Leila Cheikh Ismail, Helen Lightowler, Mo'ath F Bataineh, Alia K Al Baloushi, Amira Y Al Braiki, Shaima Al Halabi, Joudi Hajouz, Usama Souka, Fatima Al Meqbaali, Lily Stojanovska, Habiba I Ali, Johaina T Idriss, Rameez Al Daour, Sheima T Saleh, Maysm N Mohamad, Ayesha S Al Dhaheri

Objective: This study aimed to measure urinary sodium and potassium as a measure of sodium and potassium intake concerning the knowledge, attitude and practice towards sodium intake among a group of healthy residents in the UAE.

Design: A cross-sectional study on a sample of healthy adults in the UAE. In addition to the knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire, sodium and potassium excretions and food records were taken.

Setting: The UAE.

Participants: A sample of 190 healthy individuals aged between 20 and 60 years.

Results: The mean (± sd) age of the sample was 38·6 (± 12·5) years, and 50·5 % were females. The mean urinary sodium and potassium intake were 2816·2 ± 675·7 mg/d and 2533·3 ± 615 mg/d, respectively. The means were significantly different compared with the WHO recommendation of sodium and potassium (P < 0·001). About 65 % of the participants exceeded the WHO recommendations for salt intake, and participants' knowledge classification for health-related issues was fair, while food-related knowledge was poor (P = 0·001). A two-stage stepwise multiple regression analysis revealed that knowledge, attitude and practice scores were negatively associated with urinary sodium excretion (r = -0·174; P = 0·017) and those older participants and females had lower urinary sodium excretion (P < 0·001).

Conclusions: These findings may suggest an increase in the risk of hypertension in the UAE population. Moreover, these findings emphasise the need to establish education and public awareness programmes focusing on identifying the sodium contents of foods and establishing national regulations regarding food reformulation, particularly for staple foods such as bread.

目的:本研究旨在测量尿钠和尿钾,作为衡量阿联酋健康居民钠和钾摄入量的指标:本研究旨在测量尿钠和尿钾,以此衡量阿联酋一群健康居民对钠摄入量的知识、态度和做法 (KAP):设计:对阿联酋健康成人样本进行横断面研究。除 KAP 问卷外,还采集了钠和钾的排泄物以及食物记录:地点: 阿拉伯联合酋长国:抽样调查了 190 名年龄在 20-60 岁之间的健康人:结果:样本的平均(± SD)年龄为 38.6(± 12.5)岁,50.5% 为女性。尿钠和尿钾的平均摄入量分别为 2816.2±675.7 毫克/天和 2533.3±615 毫克/天。与世界卫生组织(WHO)推荐的钠和钾摄入量相比,两者的平均值有明显差异(P < 0.001)。约 65% 的参与者的食盐摄入量超过了世界卫生组织的建议,参与者对健康相关问题的知识分类为一般,而对食品相关知识的分类为较差(P=0.001)。两阶段逐步多元回归分析显示,KAP 分数与尿钠排泄量呈负相关(r = -0.174;P = 0.017),年龄较大的参与者和女性的尿钠排泄量较低(P):这些发现可能表明阿联酋人口患高血压的风险增加。此外,这些研究结果还强调,有必要开展教育和提高公众认识的计划,重点是确定食品中的钠含量,并制定有关食品(尤其是面包等主食)重新配方的国家法规。
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引用次数: 0
Using spatial analysis to examine inequalities and temporal trends in food retail accessibility. 利用空间分析研究食品零售便利性方面的不平等现象和时间趋势。
IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980024001344
Cindy Needham, Claudia Strugnell, Liliana Orellana, Steven Allender, Gary Sacks, Miranda R Blake, Ana Horta

Objective: In this paper, we examined whether there are inequalities in access to food retail (by type and healthiness) across local government areas (LGA) in Greater Melbourne and by LGA grouped based on their distance from the central business district and Growth Area designation. We also examined whether these inequalities persisted over time.

Design: This is a secondary analysis of a repeated cross-sectional census of food outlets collected at four time points (2008, 2012, 2014 and 2016) across 31 LGA. Using Geographical Information Systems, we present a spatial analysis of food retail environments in Melbourne, Australia, at these four times over eight years.

Setting: Greater Melbourne, Australia.

Participants: 31 LGA in Greater Melbourne.

Results: Findings show significant inequalities in access to healthy food retail persisting over time at the LGA level. Residents in lower density urban growth areas had the least access to healthy food retail. Unhealthy food retail was comparatively more accessible, with a temporal trend indicating increased accessibility over time in urban growth areas only.

Conclusion: Accessibility to food outlets, particularly healthy food outlets and supermarkets, in Greater Melbourne is not equal. To identify and address health inequalities associated with rapid urban growth, further understanding of how people interact with the food environment needs to be explored.

目的:在本文中,我们研究了大墨尔本地区各地方政府辖区(LGA)在食品零售(按类型和健康程度)方面是否存在不平等现象,以及各地方政府辖区根据其与中央商务区和增长区的距离进行分组的情况。我们还研究了这些不平等是否会随着时间的推移而持续:设计:这是对在四个时间点(2008 年、2012 年、2014 年和 2016 年)对 31 个地方行政区的食品店进行的重复横截面普查的二次分析。利用地理信息系统,我们对澳大利亚墨尔本食品零售环境进行了空间分析:环境:澳大利亚大墨尔本地区:结果:调查结果显示,在获取食品方面存在严重的不平等:结果:研究结果表明,随着时间的推移,在地方行政区一级,在获得健康食品零售方面仍然存在严重的不平等现象。低密度城市发展区的居民获得健康食品零售的机会最少。不健康食品零售店相对更容易获得,随着时间的推移,仅城市发展区的不健康食品零售店的可获得性呈上升趋势:结论:在大墨尔本地区,食品零售店,尤其是健康食品零售店和超市的可及性并不平等。为了识别和解决与城市快速发展相关的健康不平等问题,需要进一步了解人们是如何与食品环境互动的。
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引用次数: 0
How big is too big? A qualitative study of discretionary food portion size norms among Australian consumers. 多大才算大?对澳大利亚消费者自行决定食物分量标准的定性研究。
IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980024001964
Qingzhou Liu, Leanne Wang, Margaret Allman-Farinelli, Anna Rangan

Objective: The high availability of energy-dense nutrient-poor discretionary foods in large serving and package sizes may have shifted portion size norms (described as a typical perception of how much people choose to eat from a given food at a single eating occasion) towards larger sizes. Few public health recommendations exist around appropriate discretionary food portion sizes. This qualitative study aimed to explore the underlying rationale of portion size norms of discretionary foods among Australian adults 18-65 years.

Design: Four focus group sessions were conducted. Collected data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis.

Setting: Focus groups were held online via Zoom between September and October 2023.

Participants: Thirty-four participants were recruited in the study (mean age 38 years, 19 females).

Results: The key themes raised from inductive analysis were personal factors, eating context factors and food environment factors relevant to the portion size norms. A framework was established to illustrate the interaction across these themes during the conceptualisation of the norms. For serving size availability, consumers found that there were limited serving size choices when making portion size selections and lacked the knowledge and skills in portion control.

Conclusions: These findings highlight the need to make positive changes to the current food environment and develop relevant public health guidelines around appropriate portion sizes to promote healthier portion size norms and enable better portion control.

目的:大份量和大包装的高能量、低营养的随意食品的大量供应,可能会使食物份量标准(即人们对一次进食时从特定食物中选择吃多少的典型看法)向大份量转变。目前很少有公共卫生机构就适当的自由食物份量提出建议。这项定性研究旨在探讨澳大利亚 18-65 岁成年人自行决定食物份量标准的基本原理:设计:开展了四次焦点小组会议。采用归纳式主题分析法对收集到的数据进行分析:焦点小组于 2023 年 9 月至 10 月期间通过 Zoom 在线举行:研究招募了 34 名参与者(平均年龄 38 岁,19 名女性):归纳分析得出的关键主题是与份量标准相关的个人因素、饮食背景因素和饮食环境因素。我们建立了一个框架来说明这些主题在标准概念化过程中的相互作用。在食用分量的可获得性方面,消费者发现在选择份量时,可供选择的食用分量有限,并且缺乏控制份量的知识和技能:这些发现突出表明,有必要对当前的食品环境做出积极改变,并围绕适当的份量大小制定相关的公共卫生指南,以推广更健康的份量大小规范,更好地控制份量。
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引用次数: 0
Response to: willingness v. ability to pay for a universal cost-shared school food programme in Canada. 答复:加拿大全民分摊费用学校食品计划的支付意愿与支付能力。
IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980024001952
Suvadra Datta Gupta, Rachel Engler-Stringer
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引用次数: 0
Association between vegetable intake and major depressive disorder: results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2018 and bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomisation. 蔬菜摄入量与重度抑郁障碍之间的关系:2005-2018 年全国健康与营养调查和双向双样本孟德尔随机化的结果。
IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980024001691
Qi Wang, Zhaoxing Ou, Jiamin Chen, Liujun Li, Yuzhuo Chen, Dalin Ye

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association between vegetable intake and major depressive disorder (MDD) through cross-sectional analysis and bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR).

Design: Cross-sectional analysis was conducted on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2005 to 2018 and the corresponding Food Patterns Equivalents Database (FPED). Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data were obtained from UK Biobank and Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) dataset. Logistic regression analysis was performed after calculating the weights of the samples. Inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger and weighted median methods were used to evaluate the causal effects.

Setting: A Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score ≥ 10 was considered to indicate MDD. Low vegetable intake was defined as < 2 cups of vegetables per day.

Participants: 30 861 U.S. adults from NHANES. The GWAS data sample size related to vegetable intake were comprised 448 651 and 435 435 cases respectively, while the GWAS data sample size associated with MDD encompassed 500 199 cases.

Results: There were 23 249 (75·33 %) participants with low vegetable intake. The relationship between vegetable intake and MDD was nonlinear. In the multivariate model adjusted for sex, age, education, marital status, poverty income ratio, ethnicity and BMI, participants with low vegetable intake were associated with an increased risk of MDD (OR = 1·53, 95 % CI (1·32, 1·77), P < 0·001). Bidirectional MR showed no causal effects between vegetable intake and MDD.

Conclusions: Cross-sectional analysis identified a significant relationship between vegetable intake and MDD, whereas the results from bidirectional two-sample MR did not support a causal role.

研究目的本研究旨在通过横断面分析和双向双样本孟德尔随机化(MR)评估蔬菜摄入量与重度抑郁症(MDD)之间的关联:对2005年至2018年的美国国家健康与营养调查(NHANES)数据以及相应的食物模式等值数据库(FPED)进行横断面分析。全基因组关联研究(GWAS)数据来自英国生物库和精神病基因组学联盟(PGC)数据集。计算样本权重后进行逻辑回归分析。采用逆方差加权法、MR-Egger 法和加权中位数法评估因果效应:患者健康问卷-9得分≥10分被视为患有多发性抑郁症。低蔬菜摄入量的定义是每天蔬菜摄入量低于 2 杯:30 861名美国成年人来自NHANES。与蔬菜摄入量相关的 GWAS 数据样本量分别为 448 651 例和 435 435 例,而与 MDD 相关的 GWAS 数据样本量为 500 199 例:结果:蔬菜摄入量低的参与者有 23 249 人(75%-33%)。蔬菜摄入量与 MDD 之间的关系是非线性的。在调整了性别、年龄、教育程度、婚姻状况、贫困收入比、种族和体重指数的多变量模型中,蔬菜摄入量低的参与者患 MDD 的风险增加(OR = 1-53,95 % CI (1-32, 1-77),P < 0-001)。双向MR显示蔬菜摄入量与MDD之间没有因果关系:结论:横断面分析表明,蔬菜摄入量与多发性硬化症之间存在显著关系,而双向双样本 MR 的结果并不支持两者之间存在因果关系。
{"title":"Association between vegetable intake and major depressive disorder: results from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2018 and bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomisation.","authors":"Qi Wang, Zhaoxing Ou, Jiamin Chen, Liujun Li, Yuzhuo Chen, Dalin Ye","doi":"10.1017/S1368980024001691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980024001691","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to evaluate the association between vegetable intake and major depressive disorder (MDD) through cross-sectional analysis and bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional analysis was conducted on National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from 2005 to 2018 and the corresponding Food Patterns Equivalents Database (FPED). Genome-wide association study (GWAS) data were obtained from UK Biobank and Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) dataset. Logistic regression analysis was performed after calculating the weights of the samples. Inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger and weighted median methods were used to evaluate the causal effects.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>A Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score ≥ 10 was considered to indicate MDD. Low vegetable intake was defined as < 2 cups of vegetables per day.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>30 861 U.S. adults from NHANES. The GWAS data sample size related to vegetable intake were comprised 448 651 and 435 435 cases respectively, while the GWAS data sample size associated with MDD encompassed 500 199 cases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 23 249 (75·33 %) participants with low vegetable intake. The relationship between vegetable intake and MDD was nonlinear. In the multivariate model adjusted for sex, age, education, marital status, poverty income ratio, ethnicity and BMI, participants with low vegetable intake were associated with an increased risk of MDD (OR = 1·53, 95 % CI (1·32, 1·77), <i>P</i> < 0·001). Bidirectional MR showed no causal effects between vegetable intake and MDD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cross-sectional analysis identified a significant relationship between vegetable intake and MDD, whereas the results from bidirectional two-sample MR did not support a causal role.</p>","PeriodicalId":20951,"journal":{"name":"Public Health Nutrition","volume":"27 1","pages":"e220"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142506845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The promotion of ultra-processed foods in modern retail food outlets in rural and urban areas in Kenya. 在肯尼亚农村和城市地区的现代食品零售店推广超加工食品。
IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980024002155
Caroline H Karugu, Charles Agyemang, Milkah N Wanjohi, Veronica Ojiambo, Sharon Mugo, Richard E Sanya, Michelle Holdworth, Amos Laar, Stefanie Vandevijvere, Gershim Asiki

Objective: To assess the availability and marketing of ultra-processed foods (UPF) in modern retail food outlets (supermarkets and minimarts) in Kenya and associated factors.

Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kenya from August 2021 to October 2021. Variables included the geographic location and the socio-economic status (SES) levels, the food items displayed for sale and advertised in the stores, and locations in the stores such as the entrance.

Setting: Three counties in Kenya (Nairobi - urban, Mombasa - coastal tourist and Baringo - rural). Each county was stratified into high and low SES using national poverty indices.

Participants: Food outlets that offered a self-service, had at least one checkout and had a minimum of two stocked aisles were assessed.

Results: Of 115 outlets assessed, UPF occupied 33 % of the cumulative shelf space. UPF were the most advertised foods (60 %) and constituted 40 % of foods available for sale. The most commonly used promotional characters were cartoon characters (18 %). UPF were significantly more available for sale in Mombasa (urban) compared to Baringo (rural) (adjusted prevalence rate ratios (APRR): 1·13, 95 % CI 1·00, 1·26, P = 0·005). UPF advertisements were significantly higher in Mombasa ((APRR): 2·18: 1·26, 3·79, P = 0·005) compared to Baringo and Nairobi counties. There was a significantly higher rate of advertisement of UPF in larger outlets ((APRR): 1·68: 1·06, 2·67 P = 0·001) compared to smaller outlets.

Conclusions: The high marketing and availability of UPF in modern retail outlets in Kenya calls for policies regulating unhealthy food advertisements in different settings in the country.

目的:评估肯尼亚现代食品零售店(超市和小型超市)中超加工食品(UPF)的供应和销售情况以及相关因素:评估肯尼亚现代食品零售店(超市和小型超市)中超加工食品(UPF)的供应和营销情况以及相关因素:这项横断面研究于 2021 年 8 月至 2021 年 10 月在肯尼亚进行。变量包括:地理位置和社会经济地位水平(SES)、商店中展示销售和广告的食品以及商店的入口等位置:肯尼亚的三个县(内罗毕--城市、蒙巴萨--沿海旅游城市和巴林戈--农村)。每个县都根据国家贫困指数分为高社会经济地位和低社会经济地位:对提供自助服务、至少有一个收银台、至少有两个货架的食品店进行了评估:在接受评估的 115 家食品店中,UPF 占货架总面积的 33%。UPF 是广告宣传最多的食品(60%),占可出售食品的 40%。最常用的宣传角色是卡通人物(18%)。与巴林戈(农村)相比,蒙巴萨(城市)的UPF销售量明显更高(调整后的流行率比(APRR):1.13,95%置信区间):1.13,95% 置信区间(CI):1.00-1.26,P=0.005)。与巴林戈县和内罗毕县相比,蒙巴萨的 UPFs 广告明显较多((APRR):2.18:1.26-3.79,p= 0.005)。大型销售点的 UPFs 广告率明显更高((APRR):1.68: 1.06-2.67 p=0.001):肯尼亚现代零售店中UPF的高营销率和可获得性要求制定政策,对该国不同环境中的不健康食品广告进行监管。
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引用次数: 0
Improvement of serum folate status in the US women of reproductive age with fortified iodised salt with folic acid (FISFA study). 叶酸强化碘盐(FISFA 研究)改善了美国育龄妇女的血清叶酸状况。
IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980024001903
Anastasia Arynchyna-Smith, Alexander N Arynchyn, Vijaya Kancherla, Kenneth Anselmi, Inmaculada Aban, Ron C Hoogeveen, Lyn M Steffen, David J Becker, Andrzej Kulczycki, Waldemar A Carlo, Jeffrey P Blount

Objective: Mandatory folic acid fortification of enriched grains has reduced neural tube defect prevalence in several countries. We examined salt as an additional vehicle for folic acid fortification. The primary objective was to examine the change in serum folate concentration after 1 month of consumption of fortified iodised salt with folic acid (FISFA) among women of reproductive age. The secondary objectives were to examine (1) the feasibility of implementing FISFA intervention and (2) the acceptability of FISFA.

Design: We conducted a pre–post intervention study (January–April 2023). Participants received a FISFA saltshaker with the study salt (1 g of sodium chloride salt fortified with 100 mcg of folic acid) to use instead of regular table salt for 1 month. Serum folate was measured using the Elecsys Folate-III immunoassay method at baseline and 1-month endpoint. Change in serum folate was assessed using a two-tailed Wilcoxon signed rank test for paired samples.

Setting: Metropolitan city, Southern USA.

Participants: Non-pregnant, 18–40-year-old women who lived alone/with a partner.

Results: Thirty-two eligible women consented to participate, including eleven non-Hispanic-White, eleven non-Hispanic-Black and ten Hispanic. Post-intervention, there was a significant increase in median serum folate concentration of 1·40 nmol/l (IQR 0·74–2·05; P < 0·001) from 24·08 nmol/l to 25·96 nmol/l in an analytical sample of n 29. An increase was seen in 28/29 (93 %) participants. Feasibility: 100 % study consent and compliance. FISFA acceptability: 25 d average use; 1·28 g average daily intake; 96·7 % and 90 % reported taste and colour of FISFA as highly acceptable, respectively.

Conclusions: FISFA is an effective approach to increasing serum folate concentrations among women of reproductive age. Findings should be replicated in a larger study.

目的:在一些国家,强制在富含叶酸的谷物中添加叶酸已降低了神经管缺陷的发病率。我们将食盐作为叶酸强化的额外载体进行了研究。首要目标是研究育龄妇女食用叶酸强化碘盐(FISFA)1 个月后血清叶酸浓度的变化。次要目标是研究(1)实施叶酸强化碘盐干预的可行性;(2)叶酸强化碘盐的可接受性:我们进行了一项干预前-干预后研究(2023 年 1 月-4 月)。参与者将收到一个装有研究用盐(1 克强化叶酸 100 微克的氯化钠盐)的 FISFA 摇盐器,用来代替普通食盐,为期 1 个月。在基线和 1 个月终点时,使用 Elecsys Folate-III 免疫测定法测定血清叶酸。血清叶酸的变化采用配对样本的双尾Wilcoxon符号秩检验进行评估:地点:美国南部大都市:结果:32 名符合条件的女性同意参加这项研究:32名符合条件的女性同意参与,其中包括11名非西班牙裔白人、11名非西班牙裔黑人和10名西班牙裔女性。干预后,在 29 个分析样本中,血清叶酸浓度中位数从 24-08 nmol/l 显著增加到 25-96 nmol/l,增加了 1-40 nmol/l(IQR 0-74-2-05;P < 0-001)。28/29(93%)名参与者的血糖值有所上升。可行性:100% 的参与者同意并遵守研究计划。FISFA的可接受性:平均使用25天;平均每天摄入1-28克;分别有96-7%和90%的人表示FISFA的味道和颜色非常容易接受:结论:FISFA 是提高育龄妇女血清叶酸浓度的有效方法。结论:FISFA 是提高育龄妇女血清叶酸浓度的有效方法。
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引用次数: 0
Letter to the editor: willingness v. ability to pay for a universal cost-shared school food programme in Canada. 致编辑的信:加拿大全民分摊费用学校食品计划的支付意愿与支付能力。
IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980024001940
Dana Lee Olstad, Eldon Spackman
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引用次数: 0
Exploring the interplay between emotional attitudes towards diabetes, eating behaviour and glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 探索 2 型糖尿病患者对糖尿病的情感态度、饮食行为和血糖控制之间的相互作用。
IF 3 3区 医学 Q2 NUTRITION & DIETETICS Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.1017/S1368980024002179
Olívia Garbin Koller, Tamires Freire de Carvalho Santana Andrade, Antônio Bonfada Collares Machado, Jessica Pinto Polet, Bárbara Pelicioli Riboldi, Cíntia Corte Real Rodrigues, Jussara Carnevale de Almeida

Objective: This study aimed to assess the association between emotional attitudes towards diabetes, eating behaviour styles and glycaemic control in outpatients with type 2 diabetes.

Design: Observational study.

Setting: Endocrinology Division of Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Participants: Ninety-one outpatients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Baseline assessments included data on clinical parameters, lifestyle factors, laboratory results, eating behaviour styles and emotional attitudes. All patients received nutritional counseling following diabetes recommendations. A follow-up visit was scheduled approximately 90 days later to evaluate changes in weight, medication dosages and glycated Hb (HbA1c) values. Patients were categorised based on their emotional attitude scores towards diabetes (positive or negative), and their characteristics were compared using appropriate statistical tests.

Results: At baseline, no differences were observed in the proportion of patients with good glycaemic control, eating behaviour styles and emotional attitudes. However, patients with a positive attitude towards the disease exhibited a significantly better response in glycaemic control compared with the reference group (OR = 3·47; 95 % CI = 1·12, 10·75), after adjusting for diabetes duration, sex and medication effect score. However, when BMI was included in the model, the association did not reach statistical significance. Therefore, these results should be interpreted with caution.

Conclusions: Patients with a positive attitude towards diabetes showed a greater reduction in HbA1c levels following nutritional counseling. However, baseline BMI could be a potential confounding factor.

目的: 本研究旨在评估 2 型糖尿病门诊患者对糖尿病的情感态度、饮食行为方式和血糖控制之间的关系:本研究旨在评估门诊 2 型糖尿病患者对糖尿病的情感态度、饮食行为方式和血糖控制之间的关系:观察研究:参与者:91 名被诊断为 2 型糖尿病的门诊患者。基线评估包括临床参数、生活方式因素、实验室结果、饮食行为方式和情感态度等方面的数据。所有患者都根据糖尿病建议接受了营养咨询。约 90 天后进行随访,评估体重、药物剂量和糖化血红蛋白值的变化。根据患者对糖尿病的情绪态度评分(积极或消极)对他们进行分类,并使用适当的统计检验对他们的特征进行比较:基线时,血糖控制良好的患者比例、饮食行为方式和情绪态度均无差异。然而,在调整糖尿病病程、性别和用药效果评分后,与参照组相比,对疾病持积极态度的患者对血糖控制的反应明显更好(OR=3.47;95%CI=1.12-10.75)。然而,当将体重指数(BMI)纳入模型时,两者之间的关联并未达到统计学意义。因此,在解释这些结果时应谨慎:结论:对糖尿病持积极态度的患者在接受营养咨询后,糖化血红蛋白水平下降幅度更大。然而,基线体重指数可能是一个潜在的干扰因素。
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Public Health Nutrition
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