Research in Sports Medicine最新文献

This manuscript reviews and examines the characteristics and risk factors of snowboarding injuries, drawing on research findings from both domestic and international studies. Snowboarding, a prevalent winter activity, is associated with a relatively high injury incidence, with males generally experiencing higher rates than females, and these rates differ by age group. The most frequent injury locations are the knee (16.1%), followed by shoulder/clavicle (14.3%), and head/face (13.5%). A significant number of these injuries are classified as moderate to severe. Factors influencing snowboarding injuries can be divided into personal and environmental categories. Personal factors such as gender, advanced age, delayed physical maturation, elevated competition level, increased fatigue, and non-standard technical movements increase the risk of injury. Environmental factors, including the state of ski resorts, equipment performance, and fluctuating snow conditions, also contribute to the risk of injury. This synthesis highlights the multifaceted nature of snowboarding injury risk and the need for comprehensive preventive strategies.

Oral health is increasingly recognized as an important factor influencing athletic performance and overall quality of life; however, limited data are available on elite football players in Asia. This cross-sectional clinical study evaluated the oral health status of professional players participating in the Asian Football Cup held in Qatar between January and February 2023. Three calibrated dentists conducted standardized clinical examinations on 70 randomly selected players (mean age: 26.8 years) using the DMFT, BPE, and BEWE indices to assess dental caries, periodontal health, erosive tooth wear, wisdom teeth status, trauma, and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. Dental caries was present in 85.7% of players (mean DED = 5.6), and 77.1% had restorations. Gingivitis affected 82.9%, while 12.9% showed signs of periodontitis. Tooth erosion was detected in 88.6%, with 10% classified as high risk. Partially erupted wisdom teeth were identified in 38.6%, pericoronitis in 7.1%, sports-related trauma in 30%, and TMJ disorders in 21.4%. These findings highlight a substantial oral disease burden and support integrating preventive dental care into routine athlete health programs.

Badminton is a fast-paced sport that requires a high level of skill. Despite its non-contact nature, badminton can still result in injuries. This review aimed to identify the characteristics of musculoskeletal injuries in elite badminton players. A systematic search was conducted through the electronic bibliographic databases between 2013 and 2025. The study followed the PRISMA guidelines, registered in PROSPERO, and article quality assessment was conducted using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale. A total of 11 eligible articles were included. Over 45% of elite badminton players have been injured in the past year. The most common location of injuries was at the lower extremity (54-71%), followed by the upper extremity (30-46%); tendinopathy (6-70%) and sprain (10-32%) are the most common types of injury. Identifying the characteristics of injuries in elite badminton players can provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals to develop effective injury prevention strategies for athletes.

This study investigated musculoskeletal pain among keyboard-and-mouse eSports players and its implications for physiotherapy and ergonomics. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted with 60 players (casual, amateur and professional) who completed a questionnaire on pain, injury history, gaming habits and physiotherapy use. Associations between pain and training volume, sleep and pre-game routines were analysed using chi-square tests and t-tests (p < 0.05). Pain was reported by 71.7% of players, most often in the lower back, wrists and neck. Professional players had higher pain prevalence (p = 0.002). Inadequate sleep (p = 0.012) and the absence of warm-up routines (p = 0.010) were associated with increased pain. Only 8.3% reported injuries requiring clinical care, and few had accessed physiotherapy. Musculoskeletal pain is highly prevalent yet under-managed in this population, highlighting the need for ergonomic strategies, warm-up routines, micro-breaks and targeted exercise programmes aligned with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health to support functioning and performance.

This randomized controlled trial evaluated an 8-week adductor strengthening programme on improving groin injury risk factors in youth football players. Fifty-four youth players (23 female, 43%) were randomized into an intervention group (n = 27, performing two weekly adductor sessions before regular training) and a control group (n = 27, regular training only). The intervention group showed significantly greater improvements than controls in bilateral eccentric hip adduction strength (EHADS) (left: mean difference (MD) = 0.28; right: MD = 0.27, Nm/kg, p < 0.001) and EHADS: eccentric hip abduction strength ratios (left: MD = 0.07; right: MD = 0.06, p < 0.05), with female players showing higher increases than males in left-side EHADS (31.9% vs. 14.4%, p = 0.004). The intervention group showed statistically significant improvements in the Hip and Groin Outcome Score subscales (symptoms, participation in physical activities, quality of life, p < 0.05), but not the control group (p > 0.05). The programme effectively improves groin injury risk factors, particularly benefiting female athletes, and should be integrated into youth football training.

The study aimed to assess the nutritional intake, sports nutrition knowledge and risk of low energy availability (LEA) and injury in recreational female football (soccer) players, a growing but understudied population. Players were recruited from Tier 4-5 clubs of the female domestic league in England (n = 54) aged 22.7 years ± 6.1, weight 64.7 kg ± 8.4, height 165.9 cm ± 5.7. Nutritional intake was quantified using 3-day food diaries, sports nutrition knowledge was assessed using the 88-item Sports Nutrition Knowledge Low Questionnaire (SNKQ) and the risk of LEA was assessed using the LEA in Females Questionnaire (LEAF-Q). LEA was identified in 55.6% of the players using the cut-off of 30 g/kg fat free mass. Mean energy intake (1730 kcal) was identified as significantly lower than energy intake targets (2195 kcal) (p < 0.001). The mean score for the SNKQ was 55.6% ± 10.6 with 29.6% identified as having poor nutritional knowledge. Nutritional knowledge had a weak positive correlation with energy intake (r = 0.305) and energy availability (r = 0.268). LEAF-Q identified 42.6% of the players as at risk of LEA and therefore injury. The results suggest that recreational female football players may be at risk of developing LEA and injury.

To investigate the effects of low-load blood flow restriction training (LL-BFRT) on muscle strength and pain during postoperative rehabilitation in patients with knee injuries. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Comprehensive searches through PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Embase yielded 1049 articles, of which 13 studies met the inclusion criteria. Quantitative analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.3 and Stata. LL-BFRT showed a significant positive effect on muscle strength, with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.70 (p < 0.00001, 95%CI: 0.49, 0.92, I2 = 42%, p = 0.07). In terms of pain reduction, LL-BFRT significantly lowered the outcome of visual analog scale (VAS), with an SMD of -0.60 (p < 0.00001, 95% CI: -0.85, -0.36, I2 = 0%, p = 0.44). LL-BFRT effectively improves muscle strength and reduces pain in patients recovering from knee injuries postoperatively. It presents an alternative rehabilitation method for patients who are unable to perform high-intensity resistance training.

Aim of this prospective cohort study was to assess the value of MRI findings as a return to play (RTP) criterion in relation of safety to achieve pre-injury running performance in the initial days after RTP. All acute non-contact muscle injuries sustained by first-team and farm-team football players of a leading country club from January 2023 to December 2024 were analysed. The rehabilitation was performed according to the control chaos continuum framework. A total of 69 acute primary non-contact muscle injuries occurred during the study period. In twelve cases, MRI was performed both immediately after injury and after RTP (control MRI). The Players returning to play after 29 ± 15.53 days. Control MRI showed that while the degree of injury remained unchanged, the volume of the oedema had decreased (p < 0.001). Peak speed, deceleration, and acceleration intensity were comparable to pre-injury levels post-RTP (p = 0.237, p = 0.184, and p = 0.398, respectively). MRI changes persist after RTP seeming not to impair the ability to perform sport-specific activities at pre-injury levels, nor did they increase the risk of injury recurrence in the participants of this study.

Winged scapula (WS) is characterized by the medial and/or inferior border of the scapula protruding from the thoracic wall. The aetiologies include sports activities, trauma, surgical complications, infections and muscular dystrophies. In our study, we aim to describe the electrophysiological and clinical features of patients referred to our clinic with a preliminary diagnosis of winged scapula and to identify the causes of WS. Between 2009 and 2021, a retrospective analysis was performed of the neurophysiological studies and clinical data of patients who presented with a preliminary diagnosis of winged scapula, long thoracic nerve and/or accessory nerve lesions. Of the 81 patients examined, 27 were found to have nerve damage. A retrospective review of the medical history of these 27 patients revealed that 37% (11 patients) had sports-related injuries as the cause of scapular winging. In addition, scapular winging was found in 4% (1 patient) due to heavy lifting without regular sport activity. We found that 80% of patients with sports-related injuries had a history of weightlifting. This study presents a relatively large number of patients with winged scapula. It was found that weightlifting and bodybuilding in particular play a significant role in the aetiology of WS.

Overhead throwing athletes experience high injury rates throughout the body. While previous studies have focused on risk factors and injury prevention strategies, few have explored the potential of neurophysiological markers like pressure pain threshold (PPT) to guide return-to-throwing decisions. This study aims to investigate the utility of physical performance tests and PPT changes after spinal thrust manipulation (STM) as biomarkers to predict performance and reduce injury risk in overhead throwing athletes. Baseball pitchers were recruited through convenience sampling at an NCAA Division II university. Participants were randomly allocated to STM or sham over a 1-2-week washout period. Performance and clinical measures were performed following interventions in both conditions. Medicine ball scoop test distance emerged as the strongest predictor of throwing velocity (R = 0.713, R² = 0.509, p =  <0.001). Combining MB distance with STM-induced change in PPT further improved the model's predictive power (R = 0.794, R² = 0.630, p =  <0.001). Medicine ball scoop test is a potential tool for evaluating throwing velocity capacity and informing return-to-throwing decisions. STM-induced changes in PPT may be a novel biomarker for identifying pitchers with greater neurophysiological modulation and potential for higher performance.