Research in Sports Medicine最新文献

The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of neuromuscular exercise or well-structured Pilates exercise training in individuals with excessive inward movement of the knee during dynamic activities. Prospective, Single blind, randomize controlled trial. Thirty-six participants were randomly assigned into three groups: Neuromuscular (mean age: 23.0±1.7yrs; n=12), Pilates (mean age: 23.5±1.8yrs; n=12), and control group (mean age: 22.0±1.9yrs; n=12). All participants were assessed before and after a six-week intervention period by using single leg squat and drop jump tests for frontal plane angle, single leg vertical jump, balance tests, and isometric muscle strength tests and completed 18sessions with physiotherapist-supervised over 6-weeks, 3-times per week. There were significant improvements in the Pilates in frontal plane projection angle during drop jump (p=0.002), strength of the rectus femoris muscle (p=0.006), total postural stability (p=0.020), and anterior-posterior stability (p=0.006). There were statistically significant in frontal plane angle during single leg squat and in both the neuromuscular (p=0.007) and Pilates (p=0.002) groups. Both groups showed significant gains in postural control during the limits of stability test (p<0.05). Pilates exercises may offer a safe and effective method to reduce excessive knee inward movement and enhance neuromuscular control.

Sports play an important and positive role in the lives of millions of children and adolescents worldwide. The risk of injuryin this case, dental injuries, is an ever-present danger to the participants, particularly those we who choose contact sports. Children and adolescents are unique athletes as they are continually growing and developing, and the treatment of traumatic dental injuries must be specific for the age of the individual player. Preventive rules and equipment, especially athletic mouthguards must be tailored to the special needs of a particular athlete in a particular sport at a particular age.

This study examines the clinical oral health status of professional football players in Greece and France. Oral health is crucial to athletes' well-being, as poor oral hygiene and related conditions, such as carious teeth and gingivitis, can lead to pain, infections, and a decline in athletic performance. This study focused on professional football players, examining key oral health indicators, including carious teeth, gingivitis, and teeth needing extraction. Age groups and gender comparisons were made, especially within the French cohort. The results show statistically significant differences between French and Greek players, particularly in terms of carious teeth and tooth extractions. Gingivitis was prevalent in both populations, with no significant differences. These findings underscore the importance of targeted dental interventions for professional athletes to maintain optimal oral health.

The bilateral deficit (BD) is the reduced force in bilateral versus unilateral contractions. This study investigated BD in handgrip strength of 13 trained rowers and its relation to rowing ergometer performance (500 m, 1000 m, 2000 m). No difference was found between bilateral (95.4 ± 13.3 kgf) and unilateral forces (95.2 ± 14.7 kgf; p = 0.902), indicating no BD (0.4 ± 4.3%). The bilateral index did not correlate with performance in 500 m (r = -0.097), 1000 m (r = -0.576), or 2000 m (r = -0.399). These findings suggest that trained rowers do not exhibit BD, and this measure is not associated with performance.

Tendinopathy is a multifactorial condition driven by dysregulated mechanotransduction, chronic low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, and impaired matrix homoeostasis. Despite its prevalence, current treatments focus largely on symptomatic relief, with limited impact on underlying pathology. This narrative review synthesizes emerging evidence on the molecular mechanisms underpinning tendinopathy, including integrin - FAK/Src, YAP/TAZ, and PIEZO1 signalling pathways, and highlights how these insights inform stage-specific rehabilitation strategies. In particular, isometric loading is explored as a biologically rational intervention, offering benefits in pain modulation, mechanosensitivity, and collagen synthesis. Additionally, novel therapies such as RNA-based interventions and mitochondrial antioxidants show promise in targeting cellular dysfunction. By bridging molecular pathophysiology with therapeutic application, this review underscores the need for personalized, mechanism-informed approaches to restore tendon health and improve clinical outcomes.

The objective of this study was to ascertain the incidence and most prevalent types of injuries sustained by runners over the preceding 12 months and to examine how injury rates vary according to sex, running experience, running distance, and running type. The study included 303 runners. Data were collected through a questionnaire completed face-to-face before/after running events. Independent t-tests compared demographic data, chi-square tests evaluated injury rates based on running-related factors, and binary logistic regression assessed the combined effects of these factors. Fifty-three percent of runners reported an injury in the past year, with patellofemoral pain syndrome the most common (15%). The incidence of injury was higher among professional runners, and the specific types of injury varied by type of running and running distance. These results clarify common running injuries and how experience influences risk, which can guide tailored training and prevention strategies.

Lumbar spine injuries are a frequent overuse injury among competitive swimmers, yet prevention strategies have not been well studied. This retrospective study evaluated 285 swimmers (mean age 18.7 ± 3.1 years) to identify risk factors. Demographics, stroke specialities, training characteristics, and injury history were collected. Group comparisons were conducted with t-tests and chi-square analyses, and logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Twenty-nine swimmers (10.2%) reported lumbar spine injuries, including spondylolysis, lumbar strain, disc pathology, and facet joint pain. Injured athletes were older, trained more hours in the pool, competed at a higher level, were hypermobile, and used kickboards less often. Adjusted regression demonstrated that higher pool training volume (OR = 2.28, 95% CI [1.20, 4.35]) and hypermobility significantly increased the risk (OR = 4.25, 95% CI [1.19, 15.24]), whereas greater kickboard use reduced risk (OR = 0.62, 95% CI [0.40, 0.96]). These findings suggest that training load and equipment use are important modifiable factors and should be considered in developing strategies to prevent lumbar spine injuries in swimmers.

The aim of this study was to explore criteria for return to sport (RTS) across physical, psychological, social, and contextual domains from the perspectives of key decision-makers. In-depth semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 clinicians [9 physiotherapists, 6 Sport and Exercise Medicine (SEM) doctors] working in elite-level clubs across Europe and Asia, averaging 70 minutes per interview. Data were transcribed, thematically analysed using the framework method, and triangulated with participants. Three core themes were identified: 1) definitions of RTS, 2) actors and processes, and 3) criteria for RTS. SEM doctors and physiotherapists were viewed as pivotal decision-makers, with athletes' preferences central. Findings support defining RTS as a continuum of phases and adopting a biopsychosocial, criteria-based, and shared decision-making approach. Consensus on relevant factors and athlete preferences is needed to guide future research, including trials and longitudinal studies assessing the efficacy of RTS protocols for musculoskeletal injuries.

The restoration of teeth traumatized through sporting injuries is dependant on the speed of which the patient is seen, the degree of trauma, materials available and the prognosis of the teeth involved. Whilst being a rare event the loss of teeth due to sporting trauma, adds to the complexity of the restorative process and the decision making by the clinician and the patient. From a simple restorative procedure, such as repairing a small fracture of a tooth with a composite filling material to providing an implant supported prosthesis to replace lost teeth, the patient is committed to restorative dental procedures for the remainder of their life. With this in mind, the type of restorative treatment delivered to the injured athlete needs to be carefully selected, planned and undertaken to give a predictable, aesthetic and functioning restoration for a prolonged period of time.

The purpose of the current study is to determine the relationship between the Myosin Light Chain Kinase (MLCK) gene and muscle injuries and to reveal athletes' injury status both molecularly and psychologically using the Sports Injury Anxiety Scale. The participants of the study are 23 female and 39 male athletes who have been previously engaged in sports or are currently active in sports. The participants are aged 18-65 and participated in the study on a volunteer basis. In the current study, when the relationship between injury anxiety, genetics and injury frequency in athletes was examined, a significant correlation was found between the MLCK C49T gene region and anxiety of causing disappointment (D total) as follows: the C/C genotype 12.4 ± 2.69 p < 0.05). In the current study, the anxiety of being perceived as weak was found to be higher in the A/A genotype. A significant correlation was found between MLCK 37885a_Gene_Region and the anxiety of being perceived as weak (B_Total) as follows: A/A genotype: 6.25 ± 3.7 >C/C genotype: 4.17 ± 2.04 = 0.032(m) (p < 0.05). These results suggest that there may be a relationship between injury and some psychological and environmental factors.