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Comparing elbow injury risks in collegiate softball and baseball athletes: previous involvement in softball versus baseball. 比较大学垒球和棒球运动员肘部损伤的风险:以前参与垒球和棒球。
IF 1.9 3区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2025.2456631
Yuka Tsukahara, Erika Jyoto, Rie Sato

Overhead throwing sports, such as baseball and softball, pose a risk of upper extremity injuries, including the elbow. Studies on overhead throwing sports among female athletes is scarce compared to their male counterparts. A total of 329 athletes (271 softball, 58 baseball) aged 18-22 years participated in the study and answered an anonymous survey regarding their personal backgrounds and elbow injuries. The most common diagnosis among the 61 athletes who reported having elbow injuries diagnosed by a physician was ulnar collateral ligament injuries (29.5%). In addition, a total of 15.5% of athletes did not seek medical attention from a physician despite experiencing discomfort in their elbow, with time constraints being the most common reason. Athletes engaged in competitive baseball before college had a significantly elevated likelihood of experiencing elbow injuries and discomfort compared to those who engaged in non-overhead throwing sports (Odds ratio = 3.84, 95% CI 1.16-12.72, p = 0.028) but engaging in softball prior to college was not a significant risk factor for sustaining elbow injuries. Playing competitive baseball prior to college emerged as a risk factor for sustaining elbow injuries among Japanese female collegiate softball and baseball athletes.

头顶投掷运动,如棒球和垒球,有上肢受伤的风险,包括肘部。与男性运动员相比,女性运动员头顶投掷运动的研究较少。共有329名18-22岁的运动员(271名垒球运动员,58名棒球运动员)参与了这项研究,并回答了一项关于他们个人背景和肘部损伤的匿名调查。在61名被医生诊断肘部损伤的运动员中,最常见的诊断是尺侧副韧带损伤(29.5%)。此外,共有15.5%的运动员在肘部感到不适时没有寻求医生的医疗照顾,时间限制是最常见的原因。大学前从事棒球比赛的运动员与从事非头顶投掷运动的运动员相比,肘部受伤和不适的可能性显著增加(优势比= 3.84,95% CI 1.16-12.72, p = 0.028),但在大学前从事垒球运动并不是肘部受伤的显著危险因素。在日本女大学生垒球和棒球运动员中,在上大学之前参加棒球比赛是导致肘部受伤的一个危险因素。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of sodium bicarbonate on 200 m time trial performance and physiological responses in swimmers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
IF 1.9 3区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-01-22 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2025.2456630
Dongxiang Huang, Xiaobing Wang, Hideki Takagi, Zhongzheng Wang, Chen Wang, Ling Yang, Bo Huang

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effects of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) supplementation on 200 m time trial performance and physiological responses in swimmers, following PRISMA guidelines. A comprehensive search across five databases identified eligible randomized controlled trials comparing NaHCO₃ with placebo. Outcomes were 200 m time, blood bicarbonate, blood lactate, and blood pH. Results showed significant increases in blood bicarbonate (SMD = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.38 to 1.79, P<0.01), blood lactate (SMD = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.24 to 1.29, P<0.01) and blood pH (SMD = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.33 to 1.71, P<0.01), but no effect on 200 m time (SMD = 0.26, 95% CI -0.58 to 1.10). These findings suggest NaHCO₃ enhances certain physiological responses but does not improve 200 m performance, though data limitations require cautious interpretation.

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引用次数: 0
The relationship between chronic ankle instability and sleep behaviour. 慢性脚踝不稳定与睡眠行为之间的关系。
IF 1.9 3区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2025.2456628
Colleen M Vogel, Ji Yeon Choi, Michaela A Schenkelberg, Brian A Knarr, Adam B Rosen

Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI) is a condition characterized by giving-way episodes, instability and recurrent ankle sprains. Poor sleep can increase the risk of musculoskeletal injury and sleep is known to be an important aspect of injury recovery. However, the effect sleep has on those with CAI as well as its risk for recurrent episodes of giving-way remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between sleep behaviour and giving-way episodes associated with CAI. Twenty-five participants with CAI (11 M/14 F, age = 22.9 ± 2.7 years, height = 171.9 ± 8.9 cm, mass = 76.7 ± 15.9 kg) were included in this study. All participants completed baseline patient-reported outcome measures and wore a fitness tracker that measured sleep for 1 month. Seven participants had a giving-way (GW, no-giving way = NWG) episode. Those with a giving-way episode spent significantly less time asleep (GW = 325.3 ± 63.2 min, NGW = 413.9 ± 49.5 min, p < 0.001, d = 1.659), less time in bed (GW = 384.9 ± 79.0 min, NGW = 473.1 ± 55.0 min, p = 0.002, d = 1.419), less minutes in REM (GW = 59.9 ± 19.9 min, NGW = 93.5 ± 25.4 min, p = 0.002, d = 1.400) and less minutes in light sleep (GW = 197.6 ± 51.5 min, NGW = 250.2 ± 34.4 min, p = 0.003, d = 1.328) compared to those without. In conclusion, this study shows that individuals with CAI who suffered a giving-way episode had poorer sleep behaviour the night before an episode.

慢性踝关节不稳定(CAI)是一种以让位发作、不稳定和复发性踝关节扭伤为特征的疾病。睡眠不足会增加肌肉骨骼损伤的风险,而睡眠是损伤恢复的一个重要方面。然而,睡眠对CAI患者的影响及其复发性让位的风险仍不清楚。本研究的目的是研究与CAI相关的睡眠行为和让位发作之间的关系。本研究共纳入25例CAI患者(11 M/14 F,年龄22.9±2.7岁,身高171.9±8.9 cm,体重76.7±15.9 kg)。所有参与者都完成了基线患者报告的结果测量,并佩戴健身追踪器测量睡眠一个月。7名参与者有退让(GW,不退让= NWG)事件。与无退让期患者相比,退让期患者睡眠时间(GW = 325.3±63.2 min, NGW = 413.9±49.5 min, p = 0.002, d = 1.419)、REM睡眠时间(GW = 59.9±19.9 min, NGW = 93.5±25.4 min, p = 0.002, d = 1.400)和浅睡眠时间(GW = 197.6±51.5 min, NGW = 250.2±34.4 min, p = 0.003, d = 1.328)显著缩短。总之,这项研究表明,患有CAI的患者在发作前一晚的睡眠行为较差。
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引用次数: 0
Hidden support for the lionesses: a breast/bra intervention. 雌狮的隐性支持:乳房/胸罩干预。
IF 1.9 3区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2024.2357761
Joanna Wakefield-Scurr, Melissa Jones, Brogan Jones, Emily Whatling, Ritan Mehta

Despite health and performance benefits of appropriate breast support in sport, elite women athletes' knowledge of breasts/bras is poor leading to poor bra choices, breast pain and performance decrements. This multiphase intervention assessed breast/bra issues and preferences, individually prescribed sports bras and evaluated outcomes for the England Senior Women footballers. Breast/bra workshops were delivered to England players; all 36 completed pre-intervention surveys and breast/bra assessments, before being prescribed bras six weeks before European and World Championships (2022, 2023). 24 players completed post-intervention surveys. Pre-intervention outcomes identified poor knowledge, poor bra fit, many bra issues, and cultural sensitivities. Breast pain was prevalent (61%), with 25% reporting clinically significant breast pain. Post-intervention, players reported significant improvements with prescribed sports bras. 91% reported improvements in knowledge and benefiting from the intervention. This successful intervention provided an evidence-base for ongoing breast health initiatives with England Teams, plus roll-out to all levels of women's football.

尽管在体育运动中适当的乳房支撑对健康和成绩都有好处,但精英女运动员对乳房/胸罩的了解甚少,导致她们选择了错误的胸罩、乳房疼痛和成绩下降。这项多阶段干预措施评估了乳房/胸罩问题和偏好,为英格兰高级女足运动员单独配制了运动胸罩,并对结果进行了评估。为英格兰队球员举办了乳房/胸罩研讨会;所有 36 名球员都完成了干预前调查和乳房/胸罩评估,然后在欧洲锦标赛和世界锦标赛(2022 年和 2023 年)前六周获得了胸罩处方。24 名球员完成了干预后调查。干预前的结果显示了知识贫乏、胸罩不合适、许多胸罩问题以及文化敏感性。乳房疼痛是普遍现象(61%),其中 25% 的人报告有明显的临床乳房疼痛。干预结束后,球员们表示在使用运动胸罩后有了明显改善。91% 的人表示对干预措施的认识有所提高并从中受益。这项成功的干预措施为英格兰队正在开展的乳房健康活动提供了证据基础,并将其推广到各级女子足球比赛中。
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引用次数: 0
Change in interleukin (IL)-6, 8, and 10 and its association with an increase in core temperature following a 7-mile running race in the warm weather. 在温暖天气下进行 7 英里长跑比赛后,白细胞介素 (IL)-6、8 和 10 的变化及其与核心体温升高的关系。
IF 1.9 3区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2024.2428602
Yasuki Sekiguchi, Yuri Hosokawa, Ekow Dadzie, Virgilio Lopez, Joseph J Bivona, Staci N Thornton, John F Jardine, Douglas J Casa, Elaine C Lee

The purposes of this study were 1) to investigate if cytokines were increased following a running road-race, and 2) to examine associations between cytokines and hyperthermia. Seventy-seven recreational runners participated in this study which occurred at the 7-mile race in the heat (ambient temperature, 25.0-26.7°C; %RH, 56.7-79.0 ± 5.0%). Before and following the race, blood draws were performed to measure circulating inflammatory cytokines. Core temperature was measured using an ingestible thermistor throughout the race. Core temperature was significantly higher at post-race (39.5 ± 0.7°C) than pre-race (36.9 ± 0.4°C, p < 0.001). IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10 significantly increased at post-race (IL-6, 48.0 ± 22.3 pg⋅ml-1; IL-8, 63.8 ± 23.9 pg⋅ml-1; IL-10, 29.2 ± 20.0 pg⋅ml-1) compared to pre-race (IL-6, 28.4 ± 13.6 pg⋅ml-1; IL-8, 53.2 ± 19.4 pg⋅ml-1; IL-10, 18.6 ± 11.9 pg⋅ml-1, p < 0.001). A greater increase in core temperature pre- to post-race was predicted by the faster finish time, a greater increase in IL-6, and greater body mass loss during the race (r2 = 0.298, p < 0.001). Small associations were found between IL-8 and core temperature at post-race (r = 0.255, p = 0.025). In conclusion, cytokines concentrations and core temperature increased following the race. Moreover, post-race hyperthermia is associated with increased IL-6, faster finish times, and higher body mass losses.

本研究的目的是:1)调查路跑后细胞因子是否增加;2)研究细胞因子与高热之间的关系。有 77 名休闲跑步者参加了这项研究,他们在高温下参加了 7 英里的比赛(环境温度为 25.0-26.7°C;相对湿度为 56.7-79.0 ± 5.0%)。赛前和赛后都进行了抽血,以测量循环炎症细胞因子。在整个比赛过程中,使用可摄取式温度计测量核心温度。赛后的核心温度(39.5 ± 0.7°C)明显高于赛前(36.9 ± 0.4°C,p -1;IL-8,63.8 ± 23.9 pg-ml-1;IL-10,29.2 ± 20.0 pg-ml-1)。0 pg-ml-1)相比(IL-6,28.4 ± 13.6 pg-ml-1;IL-8,53.2 ± 19.4 pg-ml-1;IL-10,18.6 ± 11.9 pg-ml-1,p 2 = 0.298,p r = 0.255,p = 0.025)。总之,赛后细胞因子浓度和核心温度升高。此外,赛后高热与 IL-6 增加、更快的完赛时间和更高的体重损失有关。
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引用次数: 0
Incidence and burden of 671 injuries in professional women footballers: time to focus on context-specific injury risk reduction strategies. 职业女足运动员 671 次受伤的发生率和负担:是时候关注针对具体情况的减少受伤风险战略了。
IF 1.9 3区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-19 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2024.2367199
Olivier Materne, Faye Bennett, Ashley Sweeney, Jamie Ramsden, Chris Milne, Mark Waller, Karim Chamari, Barry Drust

This study investigated the extent of injury incidence and burden in a professional women football team of the Scottish Women's Premier League during two seasons. All injuries causing time-loss or required medical attention were recorded prospectively. A total of 671 injuries, 570 requiring medical attention and 101 causing time-loss were recorded in 41 players. Injuries occurring with National Team resulted in 12% of the club's international players' lay-off. Overall injury incidence was 11.1/1000-hours and burden was 368.9 days/1000-hours. Injury incidence (23.9/1000-hours vs 8.2/1000-hours) and burden (1049.8 days/1000-hours vs 215.1 days/1000-hours) were higher for match compared to training. Foremost mechanism of match injury burden was indirect-contact, which was different than the non-contact predominantly observed for training injury burden. Injury incidence, burden and patterns differed between training, match and playing positions. Tailoring injury-risk reduction strategies considering context, circumstances and playing position deserve consideration to enhance player's injury resilience in professional women footballers.

本研究调查了苏格兰女子足球超级联赛一支职业女子足球队在两个赛季中的受伤发生率和负担程度。所有造成时间损失或需要就医的受伤情况都进行了前瞻性记录。共记录了 41 名球员的 671 次受伤,其中 570 次需要就医,101 次造成时间损失。在国家队受伤导致 12% 的俱乐部国际球员停赛。总体受伤发生率为 11.1/1000 小时,负担为 368.9 天/1000 小时。与训练相比,比赛受伤的发生率(23.9/1000-小时 vs 8.2/1000-小时)和负担(1049.8 天/1000-小时 vs 215.1 天/1000-小时)更高。比赛受伤的主要机制是间接接触,这与训练受伤主要是非接触不同。训练、比赛和比赛位置的受伤发生率、负担和模式各不相同。为提高职业女足运动员的抗损伤能力,应考虑到背景、环境和比赛位置等因素,量身定制降低损伤风险的策略。
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引用次数: 0
Using complex systems to understand running-related injuries. 利用复杂系统了解与跑步有关的伤害。
IF 1.9 3区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2024.2428597
Mabliny Thuany, Douglas Vieira, Carel Viljoen, Katja Weiss, Beat Knechtle, Thayse Natacha Gomes

This study aims to investigate anthropometric and training characteristics associated with injuries in runners using a complex approach. We conducted a cross-sectional study with 97 Brazilian runners of both sexes (age: 39.1 ± 11.5 years; body mass index: 24.2 ± 4.2 kg/m2). A web survey was used for data collection, including age, sex, body weight, body height, training volume/frequency, session duration, running pace and injury information (yes or no; the number of injuries). The partial correlation parameter was used for network estimation, considering both sexes. For women, injury occurrence was positively and strongly associated with training frequency (r = 0.57) and the number of competitions (r = 0.64), while for men, a negative and strong association was found with age (r=-0.69), and positive associations were observed with BMI (r = 0.89) and training volume (r = 0.82). Network centrality showed that training session duration and the number of competitions/year presented a higher expected influence value for women (-1.47) and men (-1.31). Using a non-linear approach with Brazilian non-professional runners, training characteristics had a stronger influence on running-related injuries.

本研究旨在采用复合方法调查与跑步者受伤有关的人体测量和训练特征。我们对 97 名巴西男女跑步运动员(年龄:39.1 ± 11.5 岁;体重指数:24.2 ± 4.2 kg/m2)进行了横断面研究。研究采用网络调查的方式收集数据,包括年龄、性别、体重、身高、训练量/频率、训练时长、跑步速度和受伤信息(是或否;受伤次数)。使用偏相关参数进行网络估算,同时考虑到男女两性。对于女性而言,受伤发生率与训练频率(r=0.57)和比赛次数(r=0.64)呈强正相关,而对于男性而言,受伤发生率与年龄(r=-0.69)呈强负相关,与体重指数(r=0.89)和训练量(r=0.82)呈正相关。网络中心性显示,女性(-1.47)和男性(-1.31)的训练时间和比赛次数/年的预期影响值较高。利用非线性方法对巴西非专业跑步者进行研究发现,训练特征对跑步相关损伤的影响更大。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Tai Chi training on functionality, dynamic balance, kinesiophobia, and quality of life in athletes with functional ankle instability. 太极拳训练对功能性踝关节不稳定运动员的功能、动态平衡、运动恐惧症和生活质量的影响。
IF 1.9 3区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-04 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2024.2387350
Aynollah Naderi, Seyed Zahid Ebrahimi

This study investigated the effects of Tai Chi training on functionality, dynamic balance, kinesiophobia, and quality of life in athletes with Functional Ankle Instability (FAI). Forty-three athletes with FAI were randomly assigned to either a Tai Chi group (n = 21) or a control group (n = 22). The Tai Chi group followed a tailored exercise protocol addressing ankle instability through a three-phase progression, while the control group had no intervention but continued their usual activities. Measurements, including Cumberland Ankle Instability Tool (CAIT), Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT), Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), Short Form-12 (SF-12), figure-8 hop test, and perceived treatment effect were assessed before and after the intervention. The Tai Chi group showed significant improvements in CAIT score and SEBT reach distance compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Tai Chi exercises also reduced TSK, improved figure-8 hop score, and enhanced the physical component of SF-12 (p < 0.005), with no significant effect on the mental component of SF-12 (p = 0.7). The findings imply that Tai Chi may be a valuable consideration for athletic trainers and sports medicine professionals working with athletes with FAI.

本研究调查了太极拳训练对功能性踝关节不稳定(FAI)运动员的功能、动态平衡、运动恐惧和生活质量的影响。43 名 FAI 运动员被随机分配到太极组(21 人)或对照组(22 人)。太极组采用量身定制的运动方案,通过三个阶段的渐进式训练来解决踝关节不稳定问题,而对照组则不采取任何干预措施,继续进行日常活动。干预前后的测量项目包括坎伯兰踝关节不稳定性工具(CAIT)、星形刺激平衡测试(SEBT)、坦帕运动恐惧量表(TSK)、SF-12 短表(SF-12)、8 字形跳跃测试以及治疗效果感知。与对照组相比,太极组在 CAIT 评分和 SEBT 到达距离方面有明显改善(p p p = 0.7)。研究结果表明,太极拳可能是运动训练员和运动医学专家治疗有 FAI 运动员的一个有价值的考虑因素。
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引用次数: 0
The management of a professional footballer recovering from a surgical repair of the proximal adductor longus tendon through a return-to-performance pathway. A case report. 通过重返赛场途径对一名通过手术修复内收肌腱近端后恢复的职业足球运动员进行管理。病例报告。
IF 1.9 3区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2024.2399005
Andrew Mitchell, Craig Holding

This case report details the management of a 23-year-old professional footballer who sustained a rupture of the proximal adductor longus (AL) tendon. Following surgical reattachment of the tendon, the player completed an eleven-phase return to performance (RTPerf) pathway designed to ensure a rapid and safe return to play (RTPlay). The pathway uses distinct phases that incorporate clinical, performance, and sport-specific criteria to guide decision-making throughout the process. This case report outlines the phases and criteria used in conjunction with shared decision-making by the interdisciplinary team (IDT) to ensure a successful RTPlay. The effectiveness of this pathway was demonstrated by the player's return to competitive play 12 weeks post-surgery.

本病例报告详细介绍了一名 23 岁职业足球运动员的治疗情况,这名运动员的内收肌(AL)近端肌腱断裂。在手术重新接合肌腱后,该球员完成了 11 个阶段的恢复表现(RTPerf)路径,旨在确保快速、安全地重返赛场(RTPlay)。该路径采用不同的阶段,结合临床、表现和运动特定标准,在整个过程中指导决策。本病例报告概述了跨学科团队(IDT)为确保 RTPlay 成功而共同决策时所采用的阶段和标准。该球员在术后 12 周重返赛场,证明了这一途径的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
The influence of menstrual cycle phase on isokinetic knee flexor and extensor strength in female soccer players: a pilot study. 月经周期对女足运动员膝关节屈伸力量的影响:一项试验研究。
IF 1.9 3区 医学 Q2 SPORT SCIENCES Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1080/15438627.2024.2420085
Taewoo Quigley, Matt Greig

The prevalence of anterior cruciate ligament injury in female soccer players has been attributed to hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle (MC), with injury incidence greatest during the follicular phase. Eight, eumenorrheic, collegiate soccer players (19.5 ± 0.75 years, 1.62 ± 4.90 cm, 61.12 ± 7.6 kg mean ± SD) completed eccentric knee flexor and concentric knee extensor trials at 60 and 240°·s-1 during the follicular, ovulation and luteal phases of their MC. Peak torque and corresponding angle of peak torque were maintained across all phases of the MC, irrespective of testing modality and speed (p ≥ 0.149). Strength ratios defined using peak torque were also not sensitive to MC phase (p ≥ 0.933). However, Functional Range in eccentric knee flexion was significantly lower during the follicular phase (p = 0.017), at both testing speeds. This supports epidemiological observations but highlights the importance of analysing isokinetic data beyond the peak of the strength curve. Interpretation of isokinetic data should therefore focus on points of "weakness" as opposed to maximum strength, whilst (p)rehabilitative strategies should consider strength through range of motion, and at different speeds. Eccentric hamstring strength was observed to decrease significantly at the higher speed, contrary to observations in elite male players, and potentially reflecting a differential training adaptation.

女性足球运动员前交叉韧带损伤的发生率与月经周期(MC)中的荷尔蒙波动有关,其中卵泡期的损伤发生率最高。八名无月经的大学生足球运动员(19.5 ± 0.75 岁,1.62 ± 4.90 厘米,61.12 ± 7.6 千克,平均 ± SD)在月经周期的卵泡期、排卵期和黄体期完成了膝关节屈曲偏心试验和膝关节伸展同心试验,试验速度分别为 60 和 240°-s-1。无论测试模式和速度如何,峰值扭矩和相应的峰值扭矩角度在孕产期的所有阶段都保持不变(p ≥ 0.149)。使用峰值扭矩定义的力量比对 MC 阶段也不敏感(p ≥ 0.933)。然而,在卵泡期,两种测试速度下偏心屈膝的功能范围都明显较低(p = 0.017)。这支持了流行病学的观察结果,但也强调了分析力量曲线峰值以外的等动量数据的重要性。因此,对等动数据的解释应侧重于 "薄弱点 "而非最大力量,而(康复)策略则应考虑在不同运动范围和不同速度下的力量。据观察,偏心腿筋力量在速度较高时明显下降,这与在精英男子运动员身上观察到的情况相反,可能反映了训练适应性的不同。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Research in Sports Medicine
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