Research in Sports Medicine最新文献

The purpose of this study is to examine Achilles Tendon (AT) rupture and prior injury in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Publicly available data was sourced via two online databases and filtered to identify those reported as having sustained AT rupture. A full injury history was then generated for those players. A total of 51 AT ruptures were identified. Thirty-five per cent (18) had previously missed at least one game for "Achilles tendinitis" or "Achilles tendon injury" on the side of the affected limb. A further 18% were noted to have suffered plantar fasciitis or foot inflammation (9) or previous ankle injury (9). Seven previous injuries were knee related, and five were described as calf muscle injuries. The remaining three had prior soft tissue injuries to the quadriceps, hamstring or groin. Understanding any potential association between previous small time-loss injuries and large time-loss injuries such Achilles tendon ruptures is an important step in advancing injury risk mitigation strategies in professional basketball.

Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the elbow is common in adolescent athletes, causing functional impairment. This study examined the clinical, imaging, and intraoperative characteristics of OCD lesions, evaluating MRI's diagnostic and prognostic value, and identifying factors affecting recovery. The study included 119 athletes, 22 with confirmed OCD. Data on demographics, clinical features, and MRI findings were collected, along with preoperative assessments and outcomes (time to return to sport and QuickDASH scores). MRI lesion size correlated with intraoperative measurements (r = 0.81, p < 0.001) but was poor at assessing stability (r = -0.088, p = 0.696). Larger lesions and lateral wall involvement were associated with instability and prolonged recovery. Factors like lesion size, Tanner Stage III, and left-handed dominance were linked to OCD risk. Larger lesions predicted delayed recovery. MRI is useful for lesion characterization but limited in predicting stability and outcomes. Early detection and management are crucial for optimal recovery.

Previous work has conjectured that visually impaired athletes may face barriers when attempting concussion assessments because they can present with signs of concussion as part of their condition. The present study aimed to explore the qualitative experiences of visually impaired players undertaking the Sport Concussion Assessment Tool 5 (SCAT5). Four visually impaired Physical Disability Rugby League players completed the SCAT5 neurological assessment (i.e. read aloud and visual tracking sections) prior to attending an online focus group discussion. Thematic analysis was performed, revealing numerous barriers and consequent additional needs experienced by the athletes. The present results support the removal of the read aloud section from the SCAT5 and suggest that the SCAT6 may thus be a more appropriate assessment tool for visually impaired athletes. Clinicians using the SCAT6 may want to make adjustments to meet the additional needs of visually impaired athletes when completing the visual tracking section.

We aimed to determine whether pain, symptoms and/or physical function are associated with perceived recovery in people with current or resolved Achilles tendinopathy. We performed a cross-sectional cohort study, including people who reported having either "current" or "resolved" Achilles tendinopathy. Participants completed an online survey, including the Tendinopathy Severity Assessment- Achilles (TENDINS-A). We used multivariable binary logistic regression and reported odds ratio (OR) to quantify the strength of the association. We included 100 cases (n = 63 current, n = 37 resolved). There were no associations of age, sex, BMI, TENDINS-A (Pain) or TENDINS-A (Physical Function) with whether participants reported having current or resolved Achilles tendinopathy. However, for every 1% greater the TENDINS-A (Symptoms) there was 0.28 lower odds of a participant reporting their tendinopathy has resolved (OR = 0.972, 95% CI = 0.953 to 0.992, p = 0.007). We demonstrated a lower "symptom" severity but not "pain" severity was associated with greater patient-reported resolution of Achilles tendinopathy.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the test-retest reliability and concurrent validity of the Unilateral Seated Shot-Put Test (USSPT) in patients with subacromial pain syndrome (SAPS). Twenty three patients were included in the study. The participants were assessed using the USSPT for functional power; Visual analog scale (VAS) for pain at activity; Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand Questionnaire (DASH) and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) for disability, hand-held dynamometer for shoulder flexion and shoulder abduction muscle strength, and grip strength. Test-retest reliability of the USSPT was found excellent with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC_2,1) score of 0.976, a standard error of measurement (SEM) of 12.47, and a minimum detectable change (MDC₉₅) score of 34.54. There was high to excellent correlations between the USSPT and the SPADI (r = -0.756, p = <0.001), shoulder flexion muscle strength (r = 0.834, p = <0.001), and shoulder abduction muscle strength (r = 0.711, p = <0.001). SPADI score and shoulder flexion muscle strength were the most important factors influencing USSPT performance, accounting for 73.3% of the variance. The USSPT is a reliable and valid test for assessing upper extremity functional power.

This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different physical rehabilitation strategies for young volleyball players after meniscectomy, focusing on tailored protocols that enhance return-to-sport (RTS) outcomes. A comprehensive literature search was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar from January 2010 to January 2025. The quality assessment of the studies was analysed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program (CASP) tool. Furthermore, data extraction and synthesis were performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. This review revealed the importance of structured, personalized rehabilitation protocols that address the unique demands of volleyball. High-quality rehabilitation significantly improves physical recovery, mental fitness, and overall athletic performance. Evidence suggests that early RTS is achievable, with approximately 77% of athletes returning to sport within two months of surgery. A phased approach to rehabilitation, addressing both immediate recovery and long-term health, was shown to be essential in preventing reinjury. This systematic review supported an evidence-based, multimodal rehabilitation approach tailored to the specific needs of young volleyball players after meniscectomy. By focusing on the athlete's immediate recovery and long-term health, clinicians can improve functional outcomes and minimize the risk of re-injury.

To investigate the risk factor for stress fractures and the characteristics of the laboratory data in eumenorrheic female track and field athletes competing at an elite level. Elite eumenorrheic sprinters and jumpers were recruited. Bone mineral density, bone metabolism markers, 25-OH Vitamin D, and hormones, including prolactin and free testosterone were measured. Total of 84 high school and collegiate athletes were enrolled in the study and among them, 33 athletes had a history of stress fractures during or after high school. Their personal background, bone mineral density, bone metabolism markers, 25-OH Vitamin D, and free testosterone were not different between the group with a history of stress fracture and without a history of stress fracture. Prolactin levels were higher in athletes with stress fractures compared to those without (15.70 ± 10.59 ng/mL vs. 11.59 ± 5.06 ng/mL, p = 0.081), although this difference was not statistically significant. Logistic regression analysis revealed that prolactin was a significant predictive factor for stress fractures (odds ratio: 1.10; 95% CI: 1.01-1.20; p = 0.023). Prolactin may be linked to stress fractures in eumenorrheic sprinters and jumpers, and further research is needed to confirm its role as a predictive factor.

The purpose of the study was to describe helmet fitting characteristics and influence of prior helmet fitting, issuance and initial season in a sample of youth football athletes. Helmet fit was assessed for 69 athletes aged 8-14 years using a standardized, 9-point inspection. Associated variables for improper fit consisted of previous fitting of helmet for the season, helmet issuance [team/school issued or purchased individually] and year of helmet initial season within 3 years of current season. A series of chi-square tests for association were conducted between the overall helmet fit and the associated variables. In total, 53.6% of youth football athletes had an improperly fit helmet, with 20.3% having ≥ three inspection items not meet fitting criteria. There were no associations between proper fit and previous fitting (p = 0.52), helmet issuance (p = 0.96) and year of initial season (p = 0.23). In conclusion, there were no associations between proper helmet fit and prior fitting, helmet issuance or year of initial season.

We aimed to assess the associations between physical activities of reference teams or the differences with their opponents, and the goals scored in professional soccer. Total distance (TD), distance >20 km/h (VHS) and goals scored during matches of the Serie-A by two Best and two Worst Teams and by their opponents were collected. Odds ratio (OR) of scoring goals when high or low levels of running, as well as higher or lower levels compared to their opponents, were estimated. Performing higher TD than the opponents increased the OR of scoring goals for Best and Worst Teams in 5-min (19.8 ± 5.2, 16.1 ± 7.3) and 15-min (11.5 ± 3.3, 11.5 ± 4.9) intervals. Performing more VHS than the opponents increased the OR of scoring for Best and Worst teams in 5-minute (3.7 ± 0.9, 2.5 ± 0.6) and for Best teams in 15-minute (3.3 ± 1.1) intervals. Odds of scoring were higher when relative differences in running activities between teams, instead of absolute levels, were considered.

To date, no literature exists on mountain biking injuries in coaches. This study described cross-country mountain biking injuries among coaches in National Interscholastic Cycling Association (NICA) sanctioned leagues from 2018 to 2022. Data were collected using the NICA injury surveillance system (ISS), a web-based injury and exposure reporting system for youth mountain biking, and were analysed using descriptive and univariate inferential statistics. A total of 401 injury events, including 661 distinct time-loss injuries, were reported in 59,545 coach-years over five seasons, resulting in an injury event proportion of 0.67%. The median time-loss due to injury was about 31 days for all injured coaches. The most commonly injured body part was shoulder/clavicle (32.7% of all injury events), followed by head/concussion (18.0% of all injury events) and wrist/hand (17.7% of all injury events). Fracture was the most common diagnosis (27.1% of all non-head injuries). Male coaches sustained upper-limb injuries significantly more often than did female coaches (62.9% vs. 51.5%; p = 0.044), whereas the rate of lower-limb injuries was significantly higher among female coaches than male coaches (33.3% vs. 17.9%; p = 0.001). Fractures and concussions are the most common diagnoses. These findings could be used for designing future injury prevention programmes.