Research in Sports Medicine最新文献

Objective: To explore the MRI characteristics and associated factors of ankle injuries in amateur marathon runners through a prospective cohort study, with particular emphasis on the role of running pace.

Materials and methods: 72 amateur marathon runners as the study group, alongside 32 healthy volunteers serving as the control group. MRI findings and risk factors, including foot strike pattern, running pace (divided into < 6:00 min/s/km and ≥ 6:00 min/s/km), and running years, were analysed using chi-square tests.

Results: Amateur marathon runners exhibited higher prevalence of ankle injuries, including peritendinous effusion, chronic lateral collateral ligament injuries, and Achilles tendinopathy. Faster running pace ( < 6:00 min/s/km) was identified as a novel risk factor for anterior talofibular ligament injuries (78.2% vs. 60.0%, p = 0.039). Female sex was associated with calcaneofibular ligament injuries (p = 0.012), while non-rearfoot strike pattern and greater running years ( > 3 years) increased the risk of Achilles tendinopathy (p = 0.044 and p = 0.042, respectively).

Conclusion: Running pace emerged as a critical factor in anterior talofibular ligament injuries, highlighting the need to monitor training intensity alongside volume. These findings provide evidence for injury prevention strategies targeting running biomechanics and training parameters.

We aimed to assess the associations between physical activities of reference teams or the differences with their opponents, and the goals scored in professional soccer. Total distance (TD), distance >20 km/h (VHS) and goals scored during matches of the Serie-A by two Best and two Worst Teams and by their opponents were collected. Odds ratio (OR) of scoring goals when high or low levels of running, as well as higher or lower levels compared to their opponents, were estimated. Performing higher TD than the opponents increased the OR of scoring goals for Best and Worst Teams in 5-min (19.8 ± 5.2, 16.1 ± 7.3) and 15-min (11.5 ± 3.3, 11.5 ± 4.9) intervals. Performing more VHS than the opponents increased the OR of scoring for Best and Worst teams in 5-minute (3.7 ± 0.9, 2.5 ± 0.6) and for Best teams in 15-minute (3.3 ± 1.1) intervals. Odds of scoring were higher when relative differences in running activities between teams, instead of absolute levels, were considered.

To date, no literature exists on mountain biking injuries in coaches. This study described cross-country mountain biking injuries among coaches in National Interscholastic Cycling Association (NICA) sanctioned leagues from 2018 to 2022. Data were collected using the NICA injury surveillance system (ISS), a web-based injury and exposure reporting system for youth mountain biking, and were analysed using descriptive and univariate inferential statistics. A total of 401 injury events, including 661 distinct time-loss injuries, were reported in 59,545 coach-years over five seasons, resulting in an injury event proportion of 0.67%. The median time-loss due to injury was about 31 days for all injured coaches. The most commonly injured body part was shoulder/clavicle (32.7% of all injury events), followed by head/concussion (18.0% of all injury events) and wrist/hand (17.7% of all injury events). Fracture was the most common diagnosis (27.1% of all non-head injuries). Male coaches sustained upper-limb injuries significantly more often than did female coaches (62.9% vs. 51.5%; p = 0.044), whereas the rate of lower-limb injuries was significantly higher among female coaches than male coaches (33.3% vs. 17.9%; p = 0.001). Fractures and concussions are the most common diagnoses. These findings could be used for designing future injury prevention programmes.

Early post-traumatic osteoarthritis due to sports injuries is not rare and cell-based therapies are currently used in the treatment. Infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP), synovium (Sy) and subcutaneous adipose (S) tissues were obtained for analysis and MSC isolation. Osteoarthritic (OACs) and normal chondrocytes were co-cultured with MSCs for days seven and 14. Tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) levels were analysed in the supernatants. Untargeted metabolomic analyses were performed in the collected tissues and co-culture media of the experiment groups. TNFα concentrations were lower in IPFP-MSC and Sy-MSC had lower than OACs on day 14. Likewise, MMP-3 decreased in the same groups on day seven and day 14 (p = 0.036). Metabolomic analysis showed distinct profiles in the tissues and metabolic changes in the co-culture media. The extracellular environment of MSCs derived from the IPFP, Sy and S have distinct features and effects on OACs.

This review aimed to identify risk factors for soccer injuries and provide researchers the needed elements to build a soccer-player's injury risk profile. An umbrella review was conducted following the PRIOR criteria (OSF registration link: https://osf.io/jr7xe/). A literature search was run to identify studies investigating soccer-related injury risk factors. We included systematic reviews published between 2013 and 2023 related to soccer and analysed the identified risk factors to classify these in intrinsic and extrinsic, group in categories and identify relationships between risk factors and injury location. Among 240 risk factors, 181 (75.4%) were classified as intrinsic and 59 (24.6%) as extrinsic. We grouped risk factors in 14 categories. Finally, we found relationships between risk factors and injury locations for 159 factors, with the knee representing the body area most affected by risk factors (N = 101), followed by the ankle (N = 65) and the thigh (N = 65).

The National Interscholastic Cycling Association Injury Surveillance System was implemented in 2018 to characterize acute traumatic injuries and identify associated risk factors in interscholastic youth cross-country mountain bike racing in the United States. Designated reporters collected data weekly during the 2018-2022 seasons. Variables collected included demographic information, injury characteristics, and other associated factors. In 119,098 student-athlete years, there were 2,655 injury events (injury event proportion = 2.23%). The wrist/hand was the most common body part injured (23.2%), followed by head/brain (23.0%), and shoulder/clavicle (15.9%). Males experienced a higher proportion of upper limb injuries than females (57.6% and 49.6%, respectively; p < 0.001); females experienced a higher proportion of lower limb injuries than males (29.5% and 24.8%, respectively; p = 0.020). Injury event proportion decreased by 27% (p < 0.001) during the study period. Acute traumatic injuries are common but injury proportion is low. Most injuries are minor but serious injuries do occur, resulting in time-loss from riding.

Background: This study aims to investigate how accumulated training load over different time windows (7, 14, and 28 days) influences the incidence of hamstring injuries in elite football players.

Methods: A descriptive and longitudinal study was developed in 343 players in three teams (2^nd Team, U-19 team, and U-18 team) from the academy of an elite football club in Spanish La Liga that also competed in the Union of European Football Associations Champions League during four seasons, from 2017/18 to 2020/21. External load variables (total distance, high-speed running, accelerations, etc.) for training and competition have been studied considering the volume variables during three different time windows along the different seasons (7 days, 14 days, and 28 days).

Results: Results did not show differences in the shortest time windows (7- and 14-week periods), showing that strength and conditioning coaches should analyse longer periods of time and compare them to previous periods with the same length in order to improve workload management and reduce injury risk.

Conclusions: It is important consider the accumulated load (chronic) in periods of 28 days to avoid an increase that generates a hamstring injury. The control of the training load in blocks of 28-day time windows seems essential to minimize the injury rate in football players.

This article explores the complex interaction between sport, nutrition and sustainable foods, emphasizing how a diet based on principles of sustainability can support athletic performance, promote rapid post-training recovery and contribute to injury prevention. In addition, the long-term impact of these nutritional choices on athletes' health and the environment is analysed, offering an integrated view that connects the well-being of the individuals with the global health. Through a critical review of existing scientific literature, as well as through the examination of case studies and experimental research, this work aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the potential benefits of a sustainable diet for athletes. In particular, it highlights how specific dietary choices can, on one hand, optimize physical performance and, on the other hand, contribute to a more ethical and responsible lifestyle, in line with the growing demand for global sustainability. We also focused on how dentists, particularly those specialized in sport, also play a fundamental role in early diagnosis and in educating and guiding the most correct choices.

A 12-week randomized controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of an education and exercise-based programme among competitive youth volleyball athletes. Forty-five participants were randomized into intervention (n = 23) and control groups (n = 22). The intervention group attended the "Education program for youth athletes" in Week 1 and the "Exercise program" over 12 weeks. The education programme improved participants' knowledge scores concerning overuse injuries and the growth and maturation process during adolescence from baseline to Week 12 (p = .001). The exercise programme improved shoulder internal rotation range of motion after 12 weeks (p < .001). No significant improvements were observed for eccentric shoulder external rotation strength and thoracic rotation range of motion following the exercise programme in the intervention group. The education and exercise-based programme improved knowledge regarding overuse injuries and the adolescence growth process and shoulder internal rotation range of motion among youth volleyball athletes.

Our study was aimed to describe the maturation pattern of the tibial tuberosity in association with chronological age in children and adolescent athletes. This was a single centre cross-sectional study on 116 subjects, 63 males and 53 females, with ages between 7 and 18 years. All participants were performance athletes, members of sports clubs, participating in daily training. All subjects were examined for symptoms related to Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) and evaluated by ultrasound of the knee in order to establish the maturation stage of the tibial tuberosity based on a 4-point scale. Tibial tuberosity maturation stage was distributed as follows: stage 1 (n = 31, 26.7%), stage 2 (n = 9, 7.8%), stage 3 (n = 27, 23.3%) and stage 4 (n = 49, 42.2%). Only three cases presented symptoms associated with OSD, which results in a very low prevalence of only 2.6%. Between the ages of 13 and 15 years, female subjects showed higher proportions of complete bone maturation compared to males. Our study provides information about the gender offset of tibial tuberosity bone maturation.