Reproductive biology最新文献_第3页

Annatto concentrate supplementation improves systemic redox balance and modulates placental FGF-2 expression in ewes 母羊补充红木精料可改善全身氧化还原平衡，调节胎盘FGF-2表达

IF 2.5 3区生物学 Q3 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY

Reproductive biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2025.101099

Leonardo Lima Salata , Calie Castilho , Isabella Guartieri da Silva , Leticia Jalloul Guimarães , Isabella Pereira Azoia , Ines Cristina Giometti , Dionísio Pedro Lopes Kuhn Pinheiro , Alexandre Martins Olivete , Marilice Zundt

Annatto (Bixa orellana) carotenoids have antioxidant potential, but effects on placental biology and antioxidant parameters in ewes are unclear. We tested whether dietary annatto concentrate (ANC) in late gestation modulates immediate-postpartum blood oxidative markers and placental gene abundance. Thirty ewes were stratified by expected litter size (single/twin) and randomized within stratum to 0 %, 0.5 %, or 1.0 % ANC (dry-matter basis) from gestational day 100. ANC was a powdered concentrate, premixed into feed (1.5 % BW) and offered individually to ensure full intake. At lambing, we recorded maternal/neonatal descriptors (ewe weights, gestational length, time to placental expulsion, and lamb birth weight interpreted with litter size and sex), collected blood for FRAP, TBARS–MDA, H₂O₂, SOD, GPx, CAT, and –SH, and sampled placenta (cotyledon and intercotyledonary tissue) aseptically and froze it for RT-qPCR of VEGF-A, FGF-2, PAG1, GPX1, GSR, CAT, and SOD2. ANC produced marker-specific blood adjustments: lower H₂O₂ at 1.0 %, higher GPx in supplemented ewes, and lower –SH at 0.5 %, whereas FRAP, SOD, MDA, and CAT were unchanged. In placenta, cotyledonary FGF-2 showed higher relative abundance at 0.5 %, with no differences for VEGF-A, PAG1, GPX1, GSR, CAT, or SOD2 in either tissue. Ewe weights, gestational length, and time to placental expulsion were similar among groups; lamb birth weight showed no main effect of ANC. These results indicate that, in late gestation, ANC selectively increased the relative abundance of cotyledonary FGF-2 at 0.5 % and modulated peroxide handling in blood, supporting its use as a nutritional tool for antioxidant support near parturition.

红木（Bixa orellana）类胡萝卜素具有抗氧化潜力，但对母羊胎盘生物学和抗氧化参数的影响尚不清楚。我们测试了妊娠后期饮食中的红木浓缩物（ANC）是否会调节产后立即血液氧化标志物和胎盘基因丰度。30只母羊按预期产仔数（单/双）分层，从妊娠第100天开始按0 %、0.5 %和1.0 %的ANC（干物质基础）分层。ANC是一种粉末状浓缩物，预混在饲料中（1.5 %体重），单独提供以确保全采食量。在羔羊期，我们记录了母羊/新生儿描述因子（母羊体重、妊娠期长度、胎盘排出时间和羔羊出生体重与产仔数和性别解释），采集血液中FRAP、TBARS-MDA、H₂O₂、SOD、GPx、CAT和-SH的含量，并无菌取样胎盘（子叶和子叶间组织），冷冻后进行VEGF-A、FGF-2、PAG1、GPX1、GSR、CAT和SOD2的RT-qPCR检测。ANC产生了标记特异性的血液调节：补充的母羊的h2o2降低到1.0 %，GPx升高，-SH降低到0.5 %，而FRAP、SOD、MDA和CAT不变。在胎盘中，子叶中FGF-2的相对丰度较高，为0.5 %，而VEGF-A、PAG1、GPX1、GSR、CAT或SOD2在两种组织中均无差异。母羊体重、妊娠期长度和胎盘排出时间各组间相似；ANC对羔羊出生重无主要影响。这些结果表明，在妊娠后期，ANC选择性地增加子叶FGF-2的相对丰度（0.5 %），并调节血液中过氧化物的处理，支持其作为分娩前抗氧化支持的营养工具的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Emerging role and interplay of programmed cell death in endometritis: Insights into mechanisms and therapeutic targets 程序性细胞死亡在子宫内膜炎中的新作用和相互作用：机制和治疗靶点的见解。

IF 2.5 3区生物学 Q3 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY

Reproductive biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2025.101098

Islam Ahmed Abdelmawgood , Dina M.M. Kotb , Ahmed Ezzat Mostafa , Bahaa Sharaf , Sohaib Ali Ramadan , Seif Isamil , Ali Moataz , Mariam Abdelghany , Donia Mohamed Hussien , Michael Ibrahim Boushra

Endometritis is the inflammation of the endometrial lining, frequently linked to pelvic pain. Endometritis is significantly associated with postpartum problems, including infertility. Programmed cell death (PCD) is a genetically regulated mechanism of autonomic and regulated cell death that preserves homeostasis and promotes development. PCD, which includes apoptosis, pyroptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, and necroptosis, is essential in the pathogenesis of reproductive diseases, including endometritis. Despite the limited study on PCD in endometritis, it is essential to identify important molecules and comprehend their regulatory functions for effective disease prevention and management. This review delineates the different types of PCD and their interactions in endometritis. It also evaluates the progress in PCD research pertaining to endometritis. The objective is to create a basis for subsequent investigations into the function and interaction of PCD in endometritis. We anticipate that this study will facilitate the exploration of novel PCD targets for endometritis treatment, hence encouraging comprehensive research.

子宫内膜炎是子宫内膜的炎症，通常与盆腔疼痛有关。子宫内膜炎与包括不孕症在内的产后问题密切相关。程序性细胞死亡（PCD）是一种基因调控的细胞自主和受调控的死亡机制，可保持体内平衡并促进发育。PCD包括凋亡、焦亡、自噬、铁亡和坏死亡，在包括子宫内膜炎在内的生殖疾病的发病机制中是必不可少的。尽管PCD在子宫内膜炎中的研究有限，但识别重要分子并了解其调控功能对于有效预防和管理疾病至关重要。本文综述了不同类型的PCD及其在子宫内膜炎中的相互作用。它还评估了与子宫内膜炎有关的PCD研究进展。目的是为后续研究PCD在子宫内膜炎中的功能和相互作用奠定基础。我们期望这项研究将有助于探索新的PCD治疗子宫内膜炎的靶点，从而促进全面的研究。

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引用次数: 0

Non-surgical sterilization of male animals using sclerosing agents: A systematic review of intratesticular and intraepididymal injection protocols 雄性动物使用硬化剂的非手术绝育：睾丸内和附睾内注射方案的系统回顾。

IF 2.5 3区生物学 Q3 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY

Reproductive biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2025.101101

Iara Magalhães Ribeiro , Renner Philipe Rodrigues Carvalho , Arabela Guedes de Azevedo Viana , Camilo Jose Ramirez-Lopez , Tayná Bolsam da Silva , Mariana Machado-Neves

The overpopulation of free-roaming animals, particularly dogs and cats, poses a significant global public health concern, contributing to socioeconomic, ecological, political, and ethical issues. These animals reproduce freely, increasing the risk of zoonotic disease transmission, wildlife predation, and traffic accidents. Although surgical castration is the most widely used method for controlling the male animal population, it is costly, time-consuming, and requires specialized professionals and post-operative care. Therefore, there is an urgent need for practical, low-cost, large-scale, and welfare-friendly non-surgical sterilization methods. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intratesticular or intraepididymal injections of sclerosing agents for inducing permanent chemical sterilization. A total of 38 peer-reviewed articles were retrieved from Medline/PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus. Among sixteen substances, calcium chloride was the most frequently studied, followed by zinc gluconate, hypertonic saline, chlorhexidine gluconate, mannitol, and glycerol. A single bilateral intratesticular and intraepididymal injection damaged testicular and epididymal tissues, thereby disrupting spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, and sperm transport. Despite differences in the methodology and outcomes among studies, most tested agents showed promising results in disrupting reproductive function. None of the compounds fully met the two key criteria for their practical use, including the absence of side effects and consistent induction of irreversible azoospermia or infertility. Nevertheless, calcium chloride and hypertonic saline emerged as the most promising candidates, due to their robust mechanistic profiles, broad evidence base, and favorable cost-effectiveness. Therefore, researchers may prioritize these two agents in future studies to develop standardized, safe, and field-applicable protocols for large-scale population control.

自由漫游的动物，特别是狗和猫的数量过剩，引起了重大的全球公共卫生问题，并导致了社会经济、生态、政治和伦理问题。这些动物自由繁殖，增加了人畜共患疾病传播、野生动物捕食和交通事故的风险。尽管手术阉割是控制雄性动物数量最广泛使用的方法，但它成本高，耗时长，需要专业的专业人员和术后护理。因此，迫切需要一种实用、低成本、规模化、福利友好的非手术绝育方法。本系统综述旨在评价睾丸内或附睾内注射硬化剂诱导永久性化学灭菌的疗效。共从Medline/PubMed、Web of Science、Embase和Scopus检索了38篇同行评议文章。在16种物质中，氯化钙是最常被研究的，其次是葡萄糖酸锌、高渗盐水、葡萄糖酸氯己定、甘露醇和甘油。单次双侧睾丸内和附睾内注射损伤睾丸和附睾组织，从而破坏精子发生、甾体发生和精子运输。尽管研究的方法和结果不同，但大多数测试的药物在破坏生殖功能方面显示出有希望的结果。没有一种化合物完全符合其实际使用的两个关键标准，包括没有副作用和持续诱导不可逆的无精子症或不孕症。然而，氯化钙和高渗盐水因其强大的机制特征、广泛的证据基础和良好的成本效益而成为最有希望的候选者。因此，研究人员可以在未来的研究中优先考虑这两种药物，以制定标准化、安全、现场适用的大规模种群控制方案。

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引用次数: 0

USP13 exacerbates the malignant progression of cervical cancer by inhibiting ECT2 ubiquitination and degradation USP13通过抑制ECT2泛素化和降解而加剧宫颈癌的恶性进展。

IF 2.5 3区生物学 Q3 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY

Reproductive biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2025.101095

Tingting Li , Xiulan Xiong , Tingting Xie , Wei Liu , Xuqin Feng , Silin Chen , Xin Hu , Rengui Li , Kaiwen Fu

Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common malignant tumors affecting the female reproductive system. Epithelial Cell Transforming Sequence 2 (ECT2), a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, is crucial in regulating cellular functions. This study focuses on elucidating the role of ECT2 in CC and the involved underlying mechanisms. Western blot verified protein expression in tissues and cells. Cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were assessed via clone formation, wound healing, and transwell assays. Glycolytic indicators (glucose uptake, lactate release, ATP levels, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity, and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity) were detected using specific kits. UbiBrowser was used to predict ubiquitin-specific protease 13 (USP13)-mediated ECT2 deubiquitination. Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) was performed to validate USP13’s deubiquitination on ECT2 and their interaction. In vivo validation employed a mouse xenograft model, with immunohistochemistry (IHC) assessing gene expression therein. This study demonstrated that ECT2 was upregulated in CC tissues and cells, and its downregulation effectively inhibited the proliferation, migration, invasion, and glycolysis of CC cells. USP13 exhibited high expression levels in CC and stabilized ECT2 expression through its deubiquitinating activity. Knockdown of USP13 significantly suppressed the malignant phenotypes of CC cells; however, this suppressive effect was markedly reversed upon ECT2 overexpression. In vivo experiments revealed that USP13 knockdown suppressed CC tumor growth by modulating ECT2 expression. Together, USP13 exacerbates the malignant progression of CC by inhibiting ECT2 ubiquitination, suggesting that targeting the USP13-ECT2 axis might be a potential therapeutic strategy for CC with notable clinical significance.

宫颈癌（CC）是影响女性生殖系统最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。上皮细胞转化序列2 （ECT2）是一种鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子，在调节细胞功能中起着至关重要的作用。本研究的重点是阐明ECT2在CC中的作用及其潜在机制。Western blot证实蛋白在组织和细胞中的表达。通过克隆形成、伤口愈合和transwell试验评估细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭。使用特异性试剂盒检测糖酵解指标（葡萄糖摄取、乳酸释放、ATP水平、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）活性和丙酮酸脱氢酶（PDH）活性）。UbiBrowser用于预测泛素特异性蛋白酶13 （USP13）介导的ECT2去泛素化。采用免疫共沉淀法（Co-IP）验证USP13对ECT2的去泛素化作用及其相互作用。体内验证采用小鼠异种移植模型，免疫组织化学（IHC）评估其中的基因表达。本研究表明，ECT2在CC组织和细胞中表达上调，其下调可有效抑制CC细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭和糖酵解。USP13在CC中表现出高表达水平，并通过其去泛素化活性稳定了ECT2的表达。敲低USP13可显著抑制CC细胞的恶性表型；然而，这种抑制作用在ECT2过表达时明显逆转。体内实验表明，USP13敲低通过调节ECT2的表达抑制CC肿瘤的生长。综上所述，USP13通过抑制ECT2泛素化而加剧CC的恶性进展，提示靶向USP13-ECT2轴可能是一种具有显著临床意义的CC潜在治疗策略。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of different cell passage numbers on bovine cloned embryo: A systematic review and meta-analysis 不同细胞传代数对牛克隆胚胎的影响：系统综述和荟萃分析

IF 2.5 3区生物学 Q3 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY

Reproductive biology

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2025.101097

Haris Setiawan , Agung Irawan

Animal cloning remains inefficient, with live birth rates below 5 % in most mammalian species, slightly higher in bovines (20–25 %). Among various factors, nuclear donor cells play crucial roles, and their passage numbers may influence cloning efficiency. However, a definitive association between passage numbers and outcomes in cloning remains inconclusive due to insufficient data and inconsistent results. In the present meta-analytical study, we compared research using high (>6) and low (≤6) cell passage numbers across various types, breeds, and sexes of donor cells to assess their impact on embryo development and associated gene expressions in bovine clones. Our findings revealed that cell passaging influences developmental competence at the cleavage and blastocyst rates, with lower passage numbers yielding better results. Higher acetylation of H3K9 in low-passage cells is consistently associated with improved developmental competence through the blastocyst stage, although the difference was not statistically significant. Donor cells with higher histone acetylation may undergo reprogramming more easily and completely, thus improving cloning efficiency. Further analysis elucidated that the types and breeds of donor cells also affected the blastocyst outcome. Nevertheless, high heterogeneity and meta-bias were identified in the meta-analytical outcomes, particularly in cleavage, 2-cell, 8-cell, blastocyst, the total cell number (TCN), the ratio of inner cell mass and total cell number (ICM/TCN), NANOG, and birth rate, which may contribute to inconsistencies in embryo quality results and hinder comparisons between development-related gene expressions and the embryo transfer outcome.

动物克隆仍然效率低下，大多数哺乳动物物种的活产率低于5 %，牛的活产率略高（20-25 %）。在众多因素中，核供细胞起着至关重要的作用，其传代数可能影响克隆效率。然而，由于数据不足和结果不一致，传代数与克隆结果之间的明确关联仍然不确定。在当前的meta分析研究中，我们比较了不同类型、品种和性别的供体细胞使用高（>6）和低（≤6）细胞传代数的研究，以评估它们对牛克隆胚胎发育和相关基因表达的影响。我们的研究结果表明，细胞传代影响卵裂率和囊胚率的发育能力，传代次数越少，结果越好。低传代细胞中较高的H3K9乙酰化始终与囊胚期发育能力的提高相关，尽管差异无统计学意义。组蛋白乙酰化程度高的供体细胞更容易完全重编程，从而提高克隆效率。进一步的分析表明，供体细胞的类型和品种也影响囊胚的结局。然而，在meta分析结果中发现了高度异质性和meta偏倚，特别是在卵裂、2细胞、8细胞、囊胚、总细胞数（TCN）、内细胞质量与总细胞数之比（ICM/TCN）、NANOG和出生率方面，这可能会导致胚胎质量结果的不一致，并阻碍发育相关基因表达与胚胎移植结果之间的比较。

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引用次数: 0

Branched chain amino acid sufficiency is necessary for proper luteinizing hormone response and testosterone synthesis 支链氨基酸充足是促黄体激素反应和睾酮合成的必要条件

IF 2.5 3区生物学 Q3 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY

Reproductive biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2025.101094

Yeva Shamailova , Saad A. Farooq , Megan E. Gilmore , Timothy J. Stanek , Esther M. Lopez , Berish B. Wetstein , Emily T. Mirek , Tracy G. Anthony , Elizabeth M. Snyder

Testosterone production by testicular Leydig cells (steroidogenesis) is vital to male fertility and overall male health. Information about how nutrition influences Leydig cell steroidogenesis is lacking. Branched chain amino acids (BCAAs – leucine, isoleucine, and valine) are essential amino acids and important regulators of protein synthesis and energy production. Circulating and tissue BCAA levels are tightly regulated by the enzyme branched chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase kinase (BCKDK), which inhibits their catabolism. This work explored how BCAAs, and especially leucine, modulate male fertility and testosterone production. In a mutant mouse model of Bckdk, breeding analysis showed reduced male fertility and circulating testosterone. Further, morphological evaluation demonstrated testicular and epididymal abnormalities consistent with abnormal testicular androgen signaling. Fertility was partially rescued by feeding a high protein diet while circulating testosterone was not. In wild type testes, Leydig cells were the primary cell type to express BCKDK. Leveraging a primary interstitial cell culture, cell survival and apoptosis analyses demonstrated Leydig cells are highly sensitive to leucine deprivation and this sensitivity is enhanced under steroidogenesis stimulating conditions. Lastly, using the same primary cell culture system, testosterone production was shown to be lost under leucine deprivation. In total, this work demonstrates Leydig cells are uniquely sensitive to BCAA status under steroidogenesis stimulation and that regulated BCAA catabolism may be important for optimal male fertility.

睾丸间质细胞产生睾丸激素（类固醇生成）对男性生育能力和整体男性健康至关重要。关于营养如何影响间质细胞类固醇生成的信息是缺乏的。支链氨基酸（BCAAs -亮氨酸、异亮氨酸和缬氨酸）是必需氨基酸，是蛋白质合成和能量生产的重要调节因子。循环和组织BCAA水平受到支链a-酮酸脱氢酶激酶（BCKDK）的严格调控，BCKDK抑制其分解代谢。这项工作探讨了支链氨基酸，尤其是亮氨酸，如何调节男性生育能力和睾丸激素的产生。在Bckdk突变小鼠模型中，育种分析显示雄性生育能力和循环睾酮水平降低。此外，形态学评估显示睾丸和附睾异常与睾丸雄激素信号异常一致。通过喂食高蛋白饮食，生育能力得到了部分恢复，而循环睾酮则没有。在野生型睾丸中，间质细胞是表达BCKDK的主要细胞类型。利用原代间质细胞培养、细胞存活和凋亡分析表明，间质细胞对亮氨酸剥夺高度敏感，这种敏感性在类固醇生成刺激条件下增强。最后，使用相同的原代细胞培养系统，在亮氨酸剥夺的情况下，睾酮的产生被证明是损失的。总之，这项工作表明，在类固醇生成刺激下，间质细胞对BCAA状态非常敏感，调节BCAA分解代谢可能对最佳男性生育能力很重要。

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引用次数: 0

Extracellular vesicles derived from placental trophoblast regulate ovine endometrial receptivity by promoting the transformation of endometrial epithelial cells 胎盘滋养细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡通过促进子宫内膜上皮细胞的转化来调节绵羊子宫内膜容受性。

IF 2.5 3区生物学 Q3 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY

Reproductive biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2025.101091

Huijia Jin , Yujiao Guo , Yanshe Xie , Xin Xiang , Zhengguang Wang , Jizhong Xiang

The establishment of endometrial receptivity is required for successful embryo implantation during early pregnancy in many mammals. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) microRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role during embryo implantation. While their roles have been characterized in other species, the specific functions of trophoblast-derived EVs miRNAs in ovine endometrial receptivity remain undefined. In this study, we systematically investigated the effects of ovine placental trophoblast (OTR) cells-derived EVs on ovine endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) by cck-8 assay, EdU assay, cell migration assay, RT-qPCR and ultrastructural examination of apical plasma membranes. Subsequently, miRNA expression profiles of EV-treated EECs were identified and analyzed by miRNA-Seq. The results showed that OTR cells-derived EVs were taken up by EECs, enhancing the migration of EECs. EVs treatment reduced microvilli on the apical plasma membranes of EECs. The expression of genes involved in endometrial receptivity increased. OTR cells-derived EVs induced changes consistent with a receptive phenotype through coordinated cellular remodeling and gene expression changes. The miRNA-Seq results revealed 287 detectable miRNAs, including 34 with significant differential expression (20 upregulated and 14 downregulated) in EV-treated versus control EECs. The predicted target genes of these differentially expressed miRNAs were enriched in signaling pathways regulating embryo implantation and endometrial receptivity, such as MAPK, Toll-like receptor, adherens junction and focal adhesion. Our in vitro findings suggested that OTR cells-derived EVs may promote endometrial receptivity by facilitating the transformation of EECs, as indicated by receptivity-associated morphological and molecular changes. It provided novel insights for improving successful pregnancy rate in sheep.

子宫内膜容受性的建立是许多哺乳动物妊娠早期胚胎成功着床的必要条件。细胞外囊泡（EVs） microRNAs （miRNAs）在胚胎着床过程中起着重要作用。虽然它们在其他物种中的作用已被确定，但滋养细胞来源的EVs mirna在绵羊子宫内膜容受性中的具体功能仍不清楚。本研究采用cck-8法、EdU法、细胞迁移法、RT-qPCR及顶质膜超微结构检测等方法，系统研究了胎盘滋养细胞（OTR）源性ev对绵羊子宫内膜上皮细胞（EECs）的影响。随后，通过miRNA- seq鉴定和分析ev处理的EECs的miRNA表达谱。结果表明，OTR细胞衍生的电动汽车被EECs吸收，增强了EECs的迁移。EVs处理减少了EECs顶端质膜上的微绒毛。与子宫内膜容受性相关的基因表达增加。OTR细胞衍生的ev通过协调的细胞重塑和基因表达变化诱导了与受体表型一致的变化。miRNA-Seq结果显示，与对照组相比，ev处理的eec中有287种可检测到的mirna，其中34种具有显著差异表达（20种上调，14种下调）。这些差异表达的mirna的预测靶基因富集于调控胚胎着床和子宫内膜容受性的信号通路，如MAPK、toll样受体、粘附体连接和局灶粘附。我们的体外研究结果表明，OTR细胞衍生的ev可能通过促进EECs的转化来促进子宫内膜容受性，这表明了与容受性相关的形态学和分子变化。为提高绵羊妊娠成功率提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Cytotoxicity, antioxidant activity, and gene expression effects of gossypol in primary smooth muscle of myometrium from Ovis aries (PSMo24) cells 棉酚在卵巢肌层原代平滑肌（PSMo24）细胞中的细胞毒性、抗氧化活性和基因表达影响

IF 2.5 3区生物学 Q3 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY

Reproductive biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2025.101092

Carolina Rodriguez Jimenez , Bruno Scatena Gatti , Daniela Pimenta , Lívia Presuto , Brenda Luciana Alves da Silva , Patricia Spoto Corrêa , Severino Matias de Alencar , Helder Louvandini

This study aimed to investigate the effects of gossypol on cell viability, oxidative stress, and gene expression in Primary Smooth Muscle of Myometrium from Ovis aries (PSMo₂₄) Cells. The cells were cultured and treated with varying concentrations of gossypol (1–2000 µg/mL), cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay, oxidative stress were evaluated by fluorescence-based methods (DCFH-DA/ABAP), and the expression of structural, hormonal, apoptotic, and antioxidant genes was analyzed by RT-qPCR. The results showed that concentrations ≤ 5 µg/mL gossypol (G5) maintained cell viability, whereas higher doses induced a progressive loss of viability, indicating dose-dependent cytotoxicity. The production of reactive oxygen species was not significantly affected, suggesting that gossypol did not exhibit relevant antioxidant or pro-oxidant activity at the tested doses. Gene expression analysis revealed differential regulation of β-actin, myosin light chain kinase (MLCK), progesterone receptor (PR), estradiol receptor (ER), the pro-apoptotic gene BAX, and the anti-apoptotic gene BCL2. The transition observed between G7, G10, and G15 revealed a functional gradient: G7 reflected a cell survival profile; G10 marked the apoptotic inflection point; and G15 corresponded to programmed cell death. The antioxidant genes remained unchanged, indicating the maintenance of cellular oxidative homeostasis. In conclusion, gossypol induces dose-dependent cytotoxicity in uterine smooth muscle cells (PSMo₂₄), modulating structural, hormonal, and apoptotic genes without altering basal antioxidant activity. Low concentrations were well tolerated, while higher doses from 7 µg/mL activated pro-apoptotic pathways The results highlight the need for caution in reproductive contexts within the animal field and suggest potential use in oncological therapies.

本研究旨在探讨棉酚对卵巢子宫肌平滑肌细胞（PSMo24）细胞活力、氧化应激和基因表达的影响。用不同浓度的棉酚（1-2000µg/mL）培养和处理细胞，用MTT法评估细胞毒性，用荧光法（DCFH-DA/ABAP）评估氧化应激，用RT-qPCR分析结构、激素、凋亡和抗氧化基因的表达。结果表明，浓度≤ 5 µg/mL的棉酚（G5）维持了细胞活力，而更高的剂量会导致细胞活力逐渐丧失，表明剂量依赖性的细胞毒性。活性氧的产生没有受到显著影响，表明棉酚在测试剂量下没有表现出相应的抗氧化或促氧化活性。基因表达分析显示，β-肌动蛋白、肌球蛋白轻链激酶（MLCK）、孕酮受体（PR）、雌二醇受体（ER）、促凋亡基因BAX和抗凋亡基因BCL2均有差异调控。在G7、G10和G15之间观察到的转变揭示了功能梯度：G7反映了细胞存活概况；G10为凋亡拐点；G15对应程序性细胞死亡。抗氧化基因保持不变，表明维持了细胞氧化稳态。综上所述，棉酚在子宫平滑肌细胞（PSMo24）中诱导剂量依赖性细胞毒性，调节结构、激素和凋亡基因，但不改变基础抗氧化活性。低浓度耐受性良好，而7 µg/mL的高剂量激活了促凋亡途径。结果强调了在动物领域生殖环境中需要谨慎，并提示在肿瘤治疗中的潜在应用。

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引用次数: 0

Moringa oleifera leaves aqueous extract mitigates nicotine-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats 辣木叶水提物减轻尼古丁诱导的雄性大鼠生殖毒性

IF 2.5 3区生物学 Q3 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY

Reproductive biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2025.101093

Ahmed Mohamed Ibrahim, Ahmed Emam Dakrory, Amel Ramadan Omar , Aya A. Mahmoud

Nicotine, a chemical component included in tobacco, has been demonstrated to influence various facets of spermatogenesis and sperm functionality. Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) is used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments, including reproductive toxicity. The current study aims to investigate the ameliorative effect of Moringa oleifera leaves aqueous extract (MOE) on nicotine (NT)-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats. Forty rats were assigned into four groups (n = 10): control (distilled water), MOE (400 mg/kg), NT (1 mg/kg), and NT + MOE groups, and orally treated for 56 days. At the end of the experiment, body and organ weights, epididymal sperm analysis, oxidative stress, hormone levels, and histopathological abnormalities were assessed. Nicotine administration results in a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, accompanied by a decrease in glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Consequently, NT decreases sperm quality and serum reproductive hormone levels, including testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH), and distorts testicular tissue architecture. The oral administration of MOE caused a significant decrease in MDA concentration and an increase in the levels of antioxidant molecules (GSH, CAT, SOD) and serum reproductive hormones levels. Additionally, it improved sperm characteristics, including sperm count, motility, viability, and morphology and partial improvement to the histological architecture of the testis. Our findings imply that 400 mg/kg of Moringa oleifera leaves may be utilized to enhance reproductive parameters against NT-induced reproductive toxicity in male rats, with the primary mechanism attributed to its antioxidant properties.

尼古丁是烟草中含有的一种化学成分，已被证明可以影响精子发生和精子功能的各个方面。辣木。（辣木科）在传统医学中用于治疗各种疾病，包括生殖毒性。本研究旨在探讨辣木叶水提物（MOE）对尼古丁（NT）诱导的雄性大鼠生殖毒性的改善作用。将40只大鼠分为4组（n = 10）：对照组（蒸馏水）、MOE组（400 mg/kg）、NT组（1 mg/kg）、NT + MOE组，口服56 d。实验结束时，对大鼠的体重、脏器重量、附睾精子分析、氧化应激、激素水平和组织病理学异常进行评估。服用尼古丁会导致丙二醛（MDA）水平显著增加，同时伴有谷胱甘肽（GSH）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的减少。因此，NT降低精子质量和血清生殖激素水平，包括睾酮、促卵泡激素（FSH）和黄体生成素（LH），并扭曲睾丸组织结构。口服MOE可显著降低MDA浓度，升高抗氧化分子（GSH、CAT、SOD）水平和血清生殖激素水平。此外，它还改善了精子特征，包括精子数量、活力、活力和形态，并部分改善了睾丸的组织学结构。我们的研究结果表明，400 mg/kg辣木叶可用于增强雄性大鼠的生殖参数，以对抗nt诱导的生殖毒性，其主要机制归因于其抗氧化特性。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of extracellular vesicles on spermatozoa: Navigating toward fertilization 细胞外囊泡对精子的影响：导向受精

IF 2.5 3区生物学 Q3 REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY

Reproductive biology

Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2025.101090

Saumya Gunasekara , Qurat Ul Ain Reshi , Getnet Midekessa , Suranga Kodithuwakku , Alireza Fazeli , Aneta Andronowska

Reproduction is a complex and highly regulated biological process, underpinned by a range of hormones and unique biological fluids secreted by the reproductive system, including follicular fluid, oviductal fluid, uterine fluid, seminal fluid, amniotic fluid, etc. These fluids not only create an optimal environment by maintaining homeostasis for gamete development and fertilization but also ensure the successful adaptation of the developing embryo to its surrounding environments. Within this intricate network, Extracellular Vesicles (EVs), which are found in reproductive tracts associated biological fluids, have emerged as key players in regulating various reproductive processes. Unlike other micro and macromolecules found in these fluids, EVs are gaining significant attention due to their crucial roles in cellular communication across several biological barriers and their biological compatibility. Therefore, over the past few decades, EVs have emerged as a significant aspect in reproduction-related research, shedding light on underlying physiological mechanisms and harboring potential for clinical applications in fertility diagnosis, treatment, and beyond.

生殖是一个复杂和高度调控的生物过程，由生殖系统分泌的一系列激素和独特的生物液体支撑，包括卵泡液、输卵管液、子宫液、精液、羊水等。这些液体不仅通过维持配子发育和受精的稳态来创造最佳环境，而且还确保发育中的胚胎成功适应周围环境。在这个复杂的网络中，细胞外囊泡（EVs）在生殖道相关的生物液体中被发现，在调节各种生殖过程中起着关键作用。与在这些液体中发现的其他微分子和大分子不同，电动汽车因其在跨越多种生物屏障的细胞通信中发挥的关键作用及其生物相容性而受到广泛关注。因此，在过去的几十年里，ev已经成为生殖相关研究的一个重要方面，揭示了潜在的生理机制，并在生育诊断、治疗等方面具有潜在的临床应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0