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Dominick S. Hernández, Proverbs: Pathways to Wisdom Dominick S. Hernández,《箴言:通往智慧的道路》
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159f
Nathan Hays
discussions under these rubrics follow a “performative-sensitive” translation of the biblical text. These translations intentionally embrace a more formal approach to translation, seeking to follow the Hebrew text closely in terms of word-for-word equivalents and a variety of structural and syntactic elements. Ironically, a formal translation of this sort, when performed, actually takes on a dynamic quality that perhaps in many ways does what the Hebrew text did in its oral context! The author’s translations of the Elijah narratives and texts from Ezekiel and Jonah serve well to help the reader “hear” aspects of the texts often overlooked in these familiar narratives. This kind of translation always involves a tension between pushing limits to illustrate vivid ideas and keeping the text readable, and inevitably Mathews veers a little far from the center line in an instance or two. Elijah calling for the prophets of Baal to call out to God “with surround sound” (p. 112), for example, does not land quite right on the ear of this reviewer; and yet these kinds of risks are necessary for the experimentation that performance criticism calls for, and by and large Mathews’s translations are powerful and effective. The introductory material and creativity sections of each case study also contain a wide variety of interesting and thoughtful observations about the texts and her translations of them, such as reflection on the effects of the episode about Naboth’s vineyard when considered as a “prequel” or consideration of Ezekiel as a “performance artist.” The commentary sections of the case studies are focused on narrative elements such as characters and props and other elements of the texts worthy of attention for their roles in performance. Mathews pays particular attention to the “ready-mades” that occur in each of the texts, and conventional words and phrases that would have been familiar to the hearers of the texts but are used by the writers in unconventional ways to bring about surprise or disquiet (p. 87). In the connections sections of the case studies, Mathews explores the relevance of these prophetic messages for contemporary contexts. Her examples demonstrate sensitivity to a variety of social issues, particularly issues of justice, to which the prophetic voices continue to speak. Her observations about their resonance with the contemporary issue of Israeli settlements in Palestinian territories are especially poignant. In all, Mathews offers an engaging exploration that demonstrates the considerable value of performance criticism. From technical explanations to theological insights, she provides thought-provoking engagement with this methodology useful for both scholars and ministers interested in these prophetic texts or in learning more about this approach for its application to all biblical texts.
在这些规则下的讨论遵循圣经文本的“表现敏感”翻译。这些译本有意采用一种更正式的翻译方法,力求在逐字对等和各种结构和句法元素方面密切遵循希伯来文文本。具有讽刺意味的是,这种形式的正式翻译,在执行时,实际上呈现出一种动态的品质,可能在许多方面与希伯来语文本在口头语境中所做的一样!作者对以利亚的叙述和以西结和约拿的文本的翻译很好地帮助读者“听到”在这些熟悉的叙述中经常被忽视的文本方面。这种类型的翻译总是涉及到一种紧张关系,既要突破极限,阐明生动的思想,又要保持文本的可读性,马修斯不可避免地在一两个例子中偏离了中心线。例如,以利亚呼吁巴力的先知“用环绕声”呼求神(第112页),这并没有完全打动这个评论家的耳朵;然而,这些风险对于表演批评所要求的实验来说是必要的,总的来说,马修斯的翻译是有力而有效的。每个案例研究的介绍性材料和创造性部分也包含了关于文本及其翻译的各种有趣和深思熟虑的观察,例如,当被视为“前传”时,对拿伯葡萄园情节的影响的反思,或者将以西结视为“行为艺术家”。案例研究的评论部分侧重于人物和道具等叙事元素以及文本中其他值得关注的元素,因为它们在表演中的作用。马修斯特别关注出现在每一个文本中的“现成品”,以及文本听众所熟悉的常规词汇和短语,但作者却以非常规的方式使用它们来带来惊喜或不安(第87页)。在案例研究的关联部分,马修斯探讨了这些预言信息在当代语境中的相关性。她的例子显示了对各种社会问题的敏感性,特别是正义问题,预言的声音继续在说话。她对当代以色列在巴勒斯坦领土上的定居点问题的看法尤其尖锐。总而言之,马修斯提供了一个引人入胜的探索,展示了表演批评的巨大价值。从技术解释到神学见解,她提供了发人深省的方法,对于对这些预言文本感兴趣的学者和牧师或学习更多关于这种方法的应用于所有圣经文本的学者和牧师都很有用。
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引用次数: 0
David Lawrence Coe, Kierkegaard and Luther 科、克尔凯郭尔和路德
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159k
William P. McDonald
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引用次数: 0
Klyne R. Snodgrass, Who God Says You Are: A Christian Understanding of Identify Klyne R.Snodgrass,上帝说你是谁:基督徒对身份认同的理解
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159l
R. Lindo
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引用次数: 0
Darian R. Lockett, Letters for the Church: Reading James, 1-2 Peter, 1-3 John, and Jude as Canon Darian R.Lockett,《教会书信:将詹姆斯、彼得1-2、约翰1-3和裘德解读为正典》
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159c
James R. McConnell
Corinthians as “babes in Christ,” and himself as the “least of the apostles,” rhetorically deflating the hubris and attitudes of those in Corinth, who would elevate themselves above others and the least. Paul describes his own ministry in ways that identify with the least: “a slave to all, an orphan, a premature infant, impoverished, indebted, a laborer, hungry, naked, and thirsty” (p. 11). Paul’s work also witnesses the self-lowering of God in Christ who identifies with “the least.” This central feature of Paul’s Christology makes possible the church’s concern for the least because it is a church grounded in God’s very self-identification with the least. Thus, a proclamation of Pauline theology apart from concern for “the least,” is to engage in an abstraction alien to Paul’s own theology. Paul’s ministry of proclamation of Christ’s death and resurrection is the occasion to rightly attend to Paul’s exhortation for his communities to care for the least, marginal, and poor in their midst. Following the crucified and resurrected Christ is to be attentive to the needs of “the least” in our midst. It is to be possessed by a vision of God’s world, engaging in collections for care, remembering the poor and least, and bearing each other’s burdens. It is to be that redeemed community of believers, called the church, rooted in a set of narrative convictions about who God is in Jesus that makes possible such concern for the good of the least.
哥林多信徒是“基督里的婴孩”,他自己是“使徒中最小的”,从修辞上消解了哥林多信徒的傲慢和态度,他们把自己抬高到别人和最小的人之上。保罗描述自己的事工时,用了与最卑微的人相同的方式:“作众人的奴仆,孤儿,早产的婴孩,贫穷,欠债,作苦工,又饿,又赤身,又渴”(第11页)。保罗的工作也见证了神在基督里的自卑,他与“最小的人”同在。保罗基督论的这一中心特征,使教会对最弱小者的关怀成为可能,因为教会是建立在上帝对最弱小者的自我认同之上的。因此,宣告保罗的神学,除了关心“最小的”之外,就是参与一个与保罗自己的神学不同的抽象概念。保罗宣讲基督的死和复活的事工,是正确地关注保罗对他的社区的劝告,关心他们中间最弱小、边缘和贫穷的人的机会。跟随被钉十字架和复活的基督,就是要留意我们中间“最小”的人的需要。它是被上帝的世界的异象所拥有,参与关怀的募捐,记住穷人和最贫穷的人,并承担彼此的负担。被称为教会的被救赎的信徒群体,根植于一套关于上帝在耶稣里是谁的叙事信念,这使得关注最弱小者的利益成为可能。
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引用次数: 0
Paul Borgman and Kelly James Clark, Written to Be Heard: Recovering the Messages of the Gospels 保罗·博格曼和凯利·詹姆斯·克拉克,《为被听见而写:恢复福音的信息》
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159h
Dalen C. Jackson
Further studies of this kind should delineate often as to emperors (Caligula, Nero, Domitian being the worst in the first century, perhaps) and their attendant eras being different, also that various locations in the empire and local situations would alter attitudes toward the empire by the Christian community. Of course, Carter knows this well, but the tendency of these studies is to portray a rather static situation, rather like generalizing about Mediterranean peasants as though they were a homogeneous group. The construct in its full array fits best the book of Revelation. Carter perceptively calls attention to the empire’s economic oppression in Revelation 18, its illicit economic activity made possible by its military, the parallel to Jeremiah 50–51, and the vicious military conquest upon which the empire is founded (pp. 105–107). Would that indeed be the case for all empires? Relatively recent empires are not immune from similar critiques. Consider the German Reich, the Russian empire after WW2, and the British Empire that might have been somewhat enlightened, eventually letting India go without war, but was still imperial and racist (?) and could be drastic. Should we not also be awakened by this study to the American empire, of bases if not of colonies, and its military invasions in the twentieth century? Did the United States embark on being a colonial power after the Spanish-American war by taking possession of the Philippines, tempting the would-be Empire of Japan into the tragic bombing of Pearl Harbor? Is there not some hubris in the very idea of empire, some inherent necessity to conquer other countries and subsume them for selfish benefit? Carter is acutely aware of such potentialities. Were I to say that I am impressed with this book and recommend it would be to engage in understatement. It is invaluable for its overview, academically of high standard yet readable, informative for those needing an update about the socio-economic application to an NT set in the Roman Empire. It is actually rather exhilarating to read this essential guide. It could serve well as a primer in a college or seminary class for orientation and would function exceptionally well as a catalyst for lively discussion in a bible study group.
这类进一步的研究应该经常描述皇帝(卡利古拉、尼禄、多米提安可能是一世纪最糟糕的皇帝)和他们随后的时代是不同的,也应该描述帝国的不同地点和当地情况会改变基督教社区对帝国的态度。当然,卡特很清楚这一点,但这些研究倾向于描绘一个静态的情况,就像把地中海农民概括成一个同质群体一样。完整的结构最适合《启示录》。卡特敏锐地提醒人们注意启示录第18章中帝国的经济压迫,军队使其非法的经济活动成为可能,与耶利米书50-51章的相似之处,以及帝国建立的邪恶军事征服(第105-107页)。所有帝国都是这样吗?相对较新的帝国也不能幸免于类似的批评。想想德意志帝国,二战后的俄罗斯帝国,大英帝国可能有些开明,最终让印度没有战争,但仍然是帝国主义和种族主义(?),可能会很激烈。难道我们不应该从对美帝国的研究中觉醒吗?对美帝国的基地(如果不是殖民地的话)和它在20世纪的军事入侵?美西战争结束后,美国是否通过占领菲律宾、引诱未来的日本帝国对珍珠港进行悲剧性的轰炸,从而成为一个殖民大国?难道帝国的概念中不存在一些傲慢,不存在征服其他国家并将其纳入私利的内在必要性吗?卡特敏锐地意识到了这种可能性。如果我说我对这本书印象深刻并推荐它,那就太轻描淡写了。它的概述是无价的,学术上的高标准,但可读的,为那些需要更新的社会经济应用到一个NT设置在罗马帝国的信息。实际上,阅读这本重要的指南是相当令人振奋的。它可以很好地作为大学或神学院班级的入门读物,也可以特别好地作为圣经学习小组热烈讨论的催化剂。
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引用次数: 0
Carla Swafford Works, The Least of These: Paul and the Marginalized 卡拉·斯瓦福德作品,这些作品中最少的:保罗和边缘化者
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159b
J. Walton
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引用次数: 0
Joel B. Green, Luke as Narrative Theologian 乔尔·格林,卢克作为叙事神学家
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159d
S. Walton
command to love (Lev 19:18), suffering, obedience to God in the “world,” the relationship between faith and works, and false teaching in the church. Lockett goes to extremes to find some of these themes in multiple letters. To find a reference to the love command in Jude, Lockett must argue that one should consider the command to have mercy in Jude 22–23 as “an implicit command to love” (p. 216). Regarding the theme of trials and persecution in Jude, Lockett considers the church’s stand against false teaching “a trial the church must overcome” (p. 219). The book offers an adequate introduction to these letters. It is clearly intended for those with little knowledge of the New Testament. For example, Lockett explains the term “chiasm” in his discussion of 1 Peter 2:13–3:12. He points out that the event to which the author of 2 Peter refers in 2:17 is the transfiguration, which, he notes, is found in the Synoptic Gospels. Lockett tells his readers that midrashim is the plural of midrash. Lockett’s reading of these letters follows mostly traditional trajectories; he states that the author of James is the brother of Jesus, and John the son of Zebedee wrote 1 John and the Gospel of John. Lockett does, however, admit that there is good reason to believe that Peter was not the author of 2 Peter. Although several of the connections between the letters were forced, the book does serve as a reminder that these letters share perspectives on common themes and that a canonical reading can be fruitful. I can recommend this book for students unfamiliar with the New Testament in general and with these documents in particular, with the caveat that in a classroom setting one would have to be prepared to present more critical and nuanced arguments in some cases.
爱的命令(利19:18),苦难,在“世界”中服从上帝,信仰和行为之间的关系,以及教会中的虚假教导。洛克特走极端,在多封信中找到了其中的一些主题。为了在《犹大书》中找到爱的命令,洛克特必须辩称,人们应该将《犹大书22-23》中宽恕的命令视为“爱的隐含命令”(第216页)。关于《犹大书》中的审判和迫害主题,洛克特认为教会反对虚假教义的立场是“教会必须克服的审判”(第219页)。这本书对这些信件作了充分的介绍。它显然是为那些对《新约》知之甚少的人准备的。例如,洛克特在《彼得前书》2:13–3:12的讨论中解释了“交叉主义”一词。他指出,《彼得后书》的作者在2:17中提到的事件是变形,他指出,这在对观福音书中可以找到。洛克特告诉他的读者,midrashim是midrash的复数。洛克特对这些字母的阅读大多遵循传统轨迹;他说,《雅各书》的作者是耶稣的兄弟,西庇太的儿子约翰写了《约翰福音》和《约翰福音书》。然而,洛克特承认,有充分的理由相信彼得不是《彼得后书》的作者。尽管这些信件之间的一些联系是被迫的,但这本书确实提醒我们,这些信件在共同主题上有着共同的观点,规范的阅读可能会富有成效。我可以向不熟悉《新约》,尤其是这些文件的学生推荐这本书,但需要注意的是,在课堂上,在某些情况下,人们必须准备好提出更具批判性和细致入微的论点。
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引用次数: 0
Randall Price with H. Wayne House, Zondervan Handbook of Biblical Archaeology 兰德尔·普莱斯与h·韦恩·豪斯合著,《宗德凡圣经考古手册》
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159i
Marsha K. King
The strength of the book is its careful attention to the structure of each biblical book and the repeated words and phrases that undoubtedly serve a role in conveying meaning. The method of Borgman and Clark is primarily to summarize virtually the entire narrative of each book, with explanatory notes drawing attention to important features and themes. They use headings, bullet points, and outlines of chiasms and other structures to illustrate critical aspects of the telling of the stories that they argue would be apparent to hearers when read aloud, as these early biblical narratives were undoubtedly intended. The result is a fairly comprehensive treatment of the Gospels and Acts that offers a unifying road map through them, especially for readers unfamiliar with perspectives scholars have advanced in recent years through rhetorical and literary approaches. The inescapable irony of the book, however, is that this passionate lesson in “hearing” the gospel message is presented entirely by means of written instructions. The book has no explicit directions for performing the text, or even encouragement to do so. In fact, it contains scarcely any reference to the burgeoning field of biblical performance criticism and its considerable resources that would shine light on Borgman’s and Clark’s approach. References to “hearing cues” make up a significant portion of the book, but Borgman and Clark do little to demonstrate how their treatment of these cues as auditory phenomena differs from consideration of them as key words in a basic literary or rhetorical analysis. The criteria for “hearing cues” are unclear; their auditory distinctiveness is taken for granted but never demonstrated. The book makes almost no reference to the actual sound of the Greek words in the original texts. The volume’s general nature might explain why the authors would avoid a highly technical approach to discussing phonological matters (one thinks, e.g., of Bernard Brandon Scott and Margaret Ellen Lee’s groundbreaking work in Sound Mapping the New Testament), and yet why they have not at least introduced their readers to relevant insights in this area is puzzling. This volume might best be utilized as a reference work for persons studying texts in the Gospels and Acts in preparation for sermon writing or Bible study. The organization of the book makes it easy to explore particular passages and their function within the larger biblical book of which they are a part. Some readers may experience a revelation in the treatment of each Gospel as a unique, self-contained telling of the story with a unified message. The weight of the extended summary and explanation in each chapter, however, would seem to commend itself more to use as a commentary. In many ways, it functions similarly to the numerous narrative treatments of the Gospels that emerged in the 1980s and 1990s, or the Reading the New Testament commentary series, all the volumes of which are subtitled “A Literary and Theological
这本书的力量在于它对每一卷圣经的结构的仔细关注,以及重复的单词和短语,这些单词和短语无疑在传达意义方面发挥了作用。博格曼和克拉克的方法主要是总结每本书的整个叙述,并用解释性注释吸引人们对重要特征和主题的注意。他们使用标题、要点、交错的轮廓和其他结构来说明故事讲述的关键方面,他们认为,当大声朗读时,听众会很明显,因为这些早期的圣经叙事无疑是有意为之的。结果是对福音书和使徒行传进行了相当全面的处理,提供了一个统一的路线图,特别是对于不熟悉近年来学者们通过修辞和文学方法提出的观点的读者。然而,这本书不可避免的讽刺之处在于,这个充满激情的“聆听”福音信息的课程完全是通过书面指示来呈现的。这本书没有明确的指示来执行文本,甚至没有鼓励这样做。事实上,它几乎没有提及圣经表演批评这一新兴领域,也没有提及可以为博格曼和克拉克的方法提供启发的大量资源。“听觉线索”在书中占据了相当大的篇幅,但博格曼和克拉克并没有说明他们将这些线索视为听觉现象,与将它们视为基本文学或修辞分析中的关键词有什么不同。“听觉线索”的标准并不明确;他们的听觉独特性被认为是理所当然的,但从未被证明过。这本书几乎没有提到原文中希腊单词的实际发音。这本书的一般性质也许可以解释为什么作者会避免使用高度技术性的方法来讨论音韵学问题(例如,人们会想到伯纳德·布兰登·斯科特和玛格丽特·艾伦·李的开创性作品《声音映射新约》),然而,为什么他们至少没有向读者介绍这一领域的相关见解,这令人费解。这本书最好是用来作为参考工作的人研究文本的福音书和使徒行传在准备讲道写作或圣经研究。这本书的组织使我们很容易探索特定的段落和它们在更大的圣经书中的作用,它们是其中的一部分。一些读者可能会体验到一个启示,在处理每一个福音作为一个独特的,独立的故事讲述与统一的信息。然而,每章中扩展的总结和解释的重量似乎更适合作为评论使用。在很多方面,它的功能类似于20世纪80年代和90年代出现的众多对福音书的叙事处理,或者《阅读新约》评论系列,所有卷的副标题都是“文学和神学评论”。博格曼和克拉克的许多观察都很有见地,发人深省。这些材料通常在批判性学者广泛分享的观点范围内,尽管针对更受欢迎的受众的焦点导致与其他学者的实质性对话很少。这本书的布局很有吸引力,很容易浏览,它将成为福音书和使徒行传的实用指南,能够为他们独特的信息提供新的见解和观点。
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引用次数: 0
The Maze Runner, the pandemic, and the Gospel 迷宫赛跑者、疫情和福音
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373221137054
Nick Hamilton
The Maze Runner book series and movie trilogy is set in the future, when ecological disaster and a global pandemic strike. Many children and young adults are immune to the disease and are therefore quarantined, studied, and used to develop a cure for the “flare.” This article examines some of the ethical frameworks experienced in the COVID-19 pandemic using the Maze Runner movies as illustrations. It also examines contemporary culture and proposes that a more robust gospel witness is needed to better deal with future global pandemics.
《迷宫杀手》系列丛书和电影三部曲的背景设定在未来,届时将发生生态灾难和全球疫情。许多儿童和年轻人对这种疾病具有免疫力,因此被隔离、研究并用于开发治疗“闪光”的方法。本文以《迷宫杀手》电影为例,探讨了新冠肺炎大流行中的一些道德框架。它还审视了当代文化,并提出需要一个更强有力的福音见证人来更好地应对未来的全球流行病。
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引用次数: 0
A word from the Managing Editor 总编辑的一句话
IF 0.1 0 RELIGION Pub Date : 2022-05-01 DOI: 10.1177/00346373221143753
Melissa A. Jackson
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引用次数: 0
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