Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159f
Nathan Hays
discussions under these rubrics follow a “performative-sensitive” translation of the biblical text. These translations intentionally embrace a more formal approach to translation, seeking to follow the Hebrew text closely in terms of word-for-word equivalents and a variety of structural and syntactic elements. Ironically, a formal translation of this sort, when performed, actually takes on a dynamic quality that perhaps in many ways does what the Hebrew text did in its oral context! The author’s translations of the Elijah narratives and texts from Ezekiel and Jonah serve well to help the reader “hear” aspects of the texts often overlooked in these familiar narratives. This kind of translation always involves a tension between pushing limits to illustrate vivid ideas and keeping the text readable, and inevitably Mathews veers a little far from the center line in an instance or two. Elijah calling for the prophets of Baal to call out to God “with surround sound” (p. 112), for example, does not land quite right on the ear of this reviewer; and yet these kinds of risks are necessary for the experimentation that performance criticism calls for, and by and large Mathews’s translations are powerful and effective. The introductory material and creativity sections of each case study also contain a wide variety of interesting and thoughtful observations about the texts and her translations of them, such as reflection on the effects of the episode about Naboth’s vineyard when considered as a “prequel” or consideration of Ezekiel as a “performance artist.” The commentary sections of the case studies are focused on narrative elements such as characters and props and other elements of the texts worthy of attention for their roles in performance. Mathews pays particular attention to the “ready-mades” that occur in each of the texts, and conventional words and phrases that would have been familiar to the hearers of the texts but are used by the writers in unconventional ways to bring about surprise or disquiet (p. 87). In the connections sections of the case studies, Mathews explores the relevance of these prophetic messages for contemporary contexts. Her examples demonstrate sensitivity to a variety of social issues, particularly issues of justice, to which the prophetic voices continue to speak. Her observations about their resonance with the contemporary issue of Israeli settlements in Palestinian territories are especially poignant. In all, Mathews offers an engaging exploration that demonstrates the considerable value of performance criticism. From technical explanations to theological insights, she provides thought-provoking engagement with this methodology useful for both scholars and ministers interested in these prophetic texts or in learning more about this approach for its application to all biblical texts.
{"title":"Dominick S. Hernández, Proverbs: Pathways to Wisdom","authors":"Nathan Hays","doi":"10.1177/00346373221130159f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00346373221130159f","url":null,"abstract":"discussions under these rubrics follow a “performative-sensitive” translation of the biblical text. These translations intentionally embrace a more formal approach to translation, seeking to follow the Hebrew text closely in terms of word-for-word equivalents and a variety of structural and syntactic elements. Ironically, a formal translation of this sort, when performed, actually takes on a dynamic quality that perhaps in many ways does what the Hebrew text did in its oral context! The author’s translations of the Elijah narratives and texts from Ezekiel and Jonah serve well to help the reader “hear” aspects of the texts often overlooked in these familiar narratives. This kind of translation always involves a tension between pushing limits to illustrate vivid ideas and keeping the text readable, and inevitably Mathews veers a little far from the center line in an instance or two. Elijah calling for the prophets of Baal to call out to God “with surround sound” (p. 112), for example, does not land quite right on the ear of this reviewer; and yet these kinds of risks are necessary for the experimentation that performance criticism calls for, and by and large Mathews’s translations are powerful and effective. The introductory material and creativity sections of each case study also contain a wide variety of interesting and thoughtful observations about the texts and her translations of them, such as reflection on the effects of the episode about Naboth’s vineyard when considered as a “prequel” or consideration of Ezekiel as a “performance artist.” The commentary sections of the case studies are focused on narrative elements such as characters and props and other elements of the texts worthy of attention for their roles in performance. Mathews pays particular attention to the “ready-mades” that occur in each of the texts, and conventional words and phrases that would have been familiar to the hearers of the texts but are used by the writers in unconventional ways to bring about surprise or disquiet (p. 87). In the connections sections of the case studies, Mathews explores the relevance of these prophetic messages for contemporary contexts. Her examples demonstrate sensitivity to a variety of social issues, particularly issues of justice, to which the prophetic voices continue to speak. Her observations about their resonance with the contemporary issue of Israeli settlements in Palestinian territories are especially poignant. In all, Mathews offers an engaging exploration that demonstrates the considerable value of performance criticism. From technical explanations to theological insights, she provides thought-provoking engagement with this methodology useful for both scholars and ministers interested in these prophetic texts or in learning more about this approach for its application to all biblical texts.","PeriodicalId":21049,"journal":{"name":"Review & Expositor","volume":"119 1","pages":"155 - 157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45634522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159k
William P. McDonald
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Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159l
R. Lindo
{"title":"Klyne R. Snodgrass, Who God Says You Are: A Christian Understanding of Identify","authors":"R. Lindo","doi":"10.1177/00346373221130159l","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00346373221130159l","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21049,"journal":{"name":"Review & Expositor","volume":"119 1","pages":"165 - 166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42618455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159c
James R. McConnell
Corinthians as “babes in Christ,” and himself as the “least of the apostles,” rhetorically deflating the hubris and attitudes of those in Corinth, who would elevate themselves above others and the least. Paul describes his own ministry in ways that identify with the least: “a slave to all, an orphan, a premature infant, impoverished, indebted, a laborer, hungry, naked, and thirsty” (p. 11). Paul’s work also witnesses the self-lowering of God in Christ who identifies with “the least.” This central feature of Paul’s Christology makes possible the church’s concern for the least because it is a church grounded in God’s very self-identification with the least. Thus, a proclamation of Pauline theology apart from concern for “the least,” is to engage in an abstraction alien to Paul’s own theology. Paul’s ministry of proclamation of Christ’s death and resurrection is the occasion to rightly attend to Paul’s exhortation for his communities to care for the least, marginal, and poor in their midst. Following the crucified and resurrected Christ is to be attentive to the needs of “the least” in our midst. It is to be possessed by a vision of God’s world, engaging in collections for care, remembering the poor and least, and bearing each other’s burdens. It is to be that redeemed community of believers, called the church, rooted in a set of narrative convictions about who God is in Jesus that makes possible such concern for the good of the least.
{"title":"Darian R. Lockett, Letters for the Church: Reading James, 1-2 Peter, 1-3 John, and Jude as Canon","authors":"James R. McConnell","doi":"10.1177/00346373221130159c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00346373221130159c","url":null,"abstract":"Corinthians as “babes in Christ,” and himself as the “least of the apostles,” rhetorically deflating the hubris and attitudes of those in Corinth, who would elevate themselves above others and the least. Paul describes his own ministry in ways that identify with the least: “a slave to all, an orphan, a premature infant, impoverished, indebted, a laborer, hungry, naked, and thirsty” (p. 11). Paul’s work also witnesses the self-lowering of God in Christ who identifies with “the least.” This central feature of Paul’s Christology makes possible the church’s concern for the least because it is a church grounded in God’s very self-identification with the least. Thus, a proclamation of Pauline theology apart from concern for “the least,” is to engage in an abstraction alien to Paul’s own theology. Paul’s ministry of proclamation of Christ’s death and resurrection is the occasion to rightly attend to Paul’s exhortation for his communities to care for the least, marginal, and poor in their midst. Following the crucified and resurrected Christ is to be attentive to the needs of “the least” in our midst. It is to be possessed by a vision of God’s world, engaging in collections for care, remembering the poor and least, and bearing each other’s burdens. It is to be that redeemed community of believers, called the church, rooted in a set of narrative convictions about who God is in Jesus that makes possible such concern for the good of the least.","PeriodicalId":21049,"journal":{"name":"Review & Expositor","volume":"119 1","pages":"151 - 152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42930554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159h
Dalen C. Jackson
Further studies of this kind should delineate often as to emperors (Caligula, Nero, Domitian being the worst in the first century, perhaps) and their attendant eras being different, also that various locations in the empire and local situations would alter attitudes toward the empire by the Christian community. Of course, Carter knows this well, but the tendency of these studies is to portray a rather static situation, rather like generalizing about Mediterranean peasants as though they were a homogeneous group. The construct in its full array fits best the book of Revelation. Carter perceptively calls attention to the empire’s economic oppression in Revelation 18, its illicit economic activity made possible by its military, the parallel to Jeremiah 50–51, and the vicious military conquest upon which the empire is founded (pp. 105–107). Would that indeed be the case for all empires? Relatively recent empires are not immune from similar critiques. Consider the German Reich, the Russian empire after WW2, and the British Empire that might have been somewhat enlightened, eventually letting India go without war, but was still imperial and racist (?) and could be drastic. Should we not also be awakened by this study to the American empire, of bases if not of colonies, and its military invasions in the twentieth century? Did the United States embark on being a colonial power after the Spanish-American war by taking possession of the Philippines, tempting the would-be Empire of Japan into the tragic bombing of Pearl Harbor? Is there not some hubris in the very idea of empire, some inherent necessity to conquer other countries and subsume them for selfish benefit? Carter is acutely aware of such potentialities. Were I to say that I am impressed with this book and recommend it would be to engage in understatement. It is invaluable for its overview, academically of high standard yet readable, informative for those needing an update about the socio-economic application to an NT set in the Roman Empire. It is actually rather exhilarating to read this essential guide. It could serve well as a primer in a college or seminary class for orientation and would function exceptionally well as a catalyst for lively discussion in a bible study group.
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Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159b
J. Walton
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Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159d
S. Walton
command to love (Lev 19:18), suffering, obedience to God in the “world,” the relationship between faith and works, and false teaching in the church. Lockett goes to extremes to find some of these themes in multiple letters. To find a reference to the love command in Jude, Lockett must argue that one should consider the command to have mercy in Jude 22–23 as “an implicit command to love” (p. 216). Regarding the theme of trials and persecution in Jude, Lockett considers the church’s stand against false teaching “a trial the church must overcome” (p. 219). The book offers an adequate introduction to these letters. It is clearly intended for those with little knowledge of the New Testament. For example, Lockett explains the term “chiasm” in his discussion of 1 Peter 2:13–3:12. He points out that the event to which the author of 2 Peter refers in 2:17 is the transfiguration, which, he notes, is found in the Synoptic Gospels. Lockett tells his readers that midrashim is the plural of midrash. Lockett’s reading of these letters follows mostly traditional trajectories; he states that the author of James is the brother of Jesus, and John the son of Zebedee wrote 1 John and the Gospel of John. Lockett does, however, admit that there is good reason to believe that Peter was not the author of 2 Peter. Although several of the connections between the letters were forced, the book does serve as a reminder that these letters share perspectives on common themes and that a canonical reading can be fruitful. I can recommend this book for students unfamiliar with the New Testament in general and with these documents in particular, with the caveat that in a classroom setting one would have to be prepared to present more critical and nuanced arguments in some cases.
{"title":"Joel B. Green, Luke as Narrative Theologian","authors":"S. Walton","doi":"10.1177/00346373221130159d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00346373221130159d","url":null,"abstract":"command to love (Lev 19:18), suffering, obedience to God in the “world,” the relationship between faith and works, and false teaching in the church. Lockett goes to extremes to find some of these themes in multiple letters. To find a reference to the love command in Jude, Lockett must argue that one should consider the command to have mercy in Jude 22–23 as “an implicit command to love” (p. 216). Regarding the theme of trials and persecution in Jude, Lockett considers the church’s stand against false teaching “a trial the church must overcome” (p. 219). The book offers an adequate introduction to these letters. It is clearly intended for those with little knowledge of the New Testament. For example, Lockett explains the term “chiasm” in his discussion of 1 Peter 2:13–3:12. He points out that the event to which the author of 2 Peter refers in 2:17 is the transfiguration, which, he notes, is found in the Synoptic Gospels. Lockett tells his readers that midrashim is the plural of midrash. Lockett’s reading of these letters follows mostly traditional trajectories; he states that the author of James is the brother of Jesus, and John the son of Zebedee wrote 1 John and the Gospel of John. Lockett does, however, admit that there is good reason to believe that Peter was not the author of 2 Peter. Although several of the connections between the letters were forced, the book does serve as a reminder that these letters share perspectives on common themes and that a canonical reading can be fruitful. I can recommend this book for students unfamiliar with the New Testament in general and with these documents in particular, with the caveat that in a classroom setting one would have to be prepared to present more critical and nuanced arguments in some cases.","PeriodicalId":21049,"journal":{"name":"Review & Expositor","volume":"119 1","pages":"152 - 154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43974344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1177/00346373221130159i
Marsha K. King
The strength of the book is its careful attention to the structure of each biblical book and the repeated words and phrases that undoubtedly serve a role in conveying meaning. The method of Borgman and Clark is primarily to summarize virtually the entire narrative of each book, with explanatory notes drawing attention to important features and themes. They use headings, bullet points, and outlines of chiasms and other structures to illustrate critical aspects of the telling of the stories that they argue would be apparent to hearers when read aloud, as these early biblical narratives were undoubtedly intended. The result is a fairly comprehensive treatment of the Gospels and Acts that offers a unifying road map through them, especially for readers unfamiliar with perspectives scholars have advanced in recent years through rhetorical and literary approaches. The inescapable irony of the book, however, is that this passionate lesson in “hearing” the gospel message is presented entirely by means of written instructions. The book has no explicit directions for performing the text, or even encouragement to do so. In fact, it contains scarcely any reference to the burgeoning field of biblical performance criticism and its considerable resources that would shine light on Borgman’s and Clark’s approach. References to “hearing cues” make up a significant portion of the book, but Borgman and Clark do little to demonstrate how their treatment of these cues as auditory phenomena differs from consideration of them as key words in a basic literary or rhetorical analysis. The criteria for “hearing cues” are unclear; their auditory distinctiveness is taken for granted but never demonstrated. The book makes almost no reference to the actual sound of the Greek words in the original texts. The volume’s general nature might explain why the authors would avoid a highly technical approach to discussing phonological matters (one thinks, e.g., of Bernard Brandon Scott and Margaret Ellen Lee’s groundbreaking work in Sound Mapping the New Testament), and yet why they have not at least introduced their readers to relevant insights in this area is puzzling. This volume might best be utilized as a reference work for persons studying texts in the Gospels and Acts in preparation for sermon writing or Bible study. The organization of the book makes it easy to explore particular passages and their function within the larger biblical book of which they are a part. Some readers may experience a revelation in the treatment of each Gospel as a unique, self-contained telling of the story with a unified message. The weight of the extended summary and explanation in each chapter, however, would seem to commend itself more to use as a commentary. In many ways, it functions similarly to the numerous narrative treatments of the Gospels that emerged in the 1980s and 1990s, or the Reading the New Testament commentary series, all the volumes of which are subtitled “A Literary and Theological
{"title":"Randall Price with H. Wayne House, Zondervan Handbook of Biblical Archaeology","authors":"Marsha K. King","doi":"10.1177/00346373221130159i","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00346373221130159i","url":null,"abstract":"The strength of the book is its careful attention to the structure of each biblical book and the repeated words and phrases that undoubtedly serve a role in conveying meaning. The method of Borgman and Clark is primarily to summarize virtually the entire narrative of each book, with explanatory notes drawing attention to important features and themes. They use headings, bullet points, and outlines of chiasms and other structures to illustrate critical aspects of the telling of the stories that they argue would be apparent to hearers when read aloud, as these early biblical narratives were undoubtedly intended. The result is a fairly comprehensive treatment of the Gospels and Acts that offers a unifying road map through them, especially for readers unfamiliar with perspectives scholars have advanced in recent years through rhetorical and literary approaches. The inescapable irony of the book, however, is that this passionate lesson in “hearing” the gospel message is presented entirely by means of written instructions. The book has no explicit directions for performing the text, or even encouragement to do so. In fact, it contains scarcely any reference to the burgeoning field of biblical performance criticism and its considerable resources that would shine light on Borgman’s and Clark’s approach. References to “hearing cues” make up a significant portion of the book, but Borgman and Clark do little to demonstrate how their treatment of these cues as auditory phenomena differs from consideration of them as key words in a basic literary or rhetorical analysis. The criteria for “hearing cues” are unclear; their auditory distinctiveness is taken for granted but never demonstrated. The book makes almost no reference to the actual sound of the Greek words in the original texts. The volume’s general nature might explain why the authors would avoid a highly technical approach to discussing phonological matters (one thinks, e.g., of Bernard Brandon Scott and Margaret Ellen Lee’s groundbreaking work in Sound Mapping the New Testament), and yet why they have not at least introduced their readers to relevant insights in this area is puzzling. This volume might best be utilized as a reference work for persons studying texts in the Gospels and Acts in preparation for sermon writing or Bible study. The organization of the book makes it easy to explore particular passages and their function within the larger biblical book of which they are a part. Some readers may experience a revelation in the treatment of each Gospel as a unique, self-contained telling of the story with a unified message. The weight of the extended summary and explanation in each chapter, however, would seem to commend itself more to use as a commentary. In many ways, it functions similarly to the numerous narrative treatments of the Gospels that emerged in the 1980s and 1990s, or the Reading the New Testament commentary series, all the volumes of which are subtitled “A Literary and Theological","PeriodicalId":21049,"journal":{"name":"Review & Expositor","volume":"119 1","pages":"160 - 162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"65131425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1177/00346373221137054
Nick Hamilton
The Maze Runner book series and movie trilogy is set in the future, when ecological disaster and a global pandemic strike. Many children and young adults are immune to the disease and are therefore quarantined, studied, and used to develop a cure for the “flare.” This article examines some of the ethical frameworks experienced in the COVID-19 pandemic using the Maze Runner movies as illustrations. It also examines contemporary culture and proposes that a more robust gospel witness is needed to better deal with future global pandemics.
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Pub Date : 2022-05-01DOI: 10.1177/00346373221143753
Melissa A. Jackson
{"title":"A word from the Managing Editor","authors":"Melissa A. Jackson","doi":"10.1177/00346373221143753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00346373221143753","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21049,"journal":{"name":"Review & Expositor","volume":"119 1","pages":"8 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49042668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}