Research in veterinary science最新文献

{"title":"A sensitive immunoassay for the quantitation of Pig-MAP in pig saliva samples","authors":"M. Piñeiro ,&nbsp;M. Matas-Quintanilla ,&nbsp;A. Miralles ,&nbsp;A.M. Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of the study is to develop a sensitive assay for the proper quantification of the acute phase protein Pig-MAP in pig saliva samples. A time-resolved immunofluorometric assay (TR-IFMA) was developed using two pig-MAP-specific monoclonal antibodies. The limit of detection of the assay was 4 ng/mL, enough to measure pig-MAP concentration in saliva. Precision was evaluated for saliva samples of low, medium and high concentration, with inter assay CV of 4–14 % and inter-assay CV of 8–20 %. The assay kept linearity under dilution and a method comparison study performed with serum samples showed good correlation with ELISA. Median Pig-MAP concentration in saliva from healthy animals was 19 ng/mL whereas in pigs with different inflammatory conditions was 11 times higher. In the same animals median pig-MAP serum concentrations were 0.72 mg/mL in the healthy group and 4.61 in the diseased group. The Spearman coefficient of correlation between Pig-MAP concentration in serum and saliva was of 0.72. A correlation was also observed between the salivary concentration of pig-MAP and other two acute phase proteins such as haptoglobin (<em>r</em> = 0.62) or C-reactive protein (<em>r</em> = 0.65). The concentration of Pig-MAP in saliva of pigs with severe respiratory disease decreased significantly from a median value of 128 ng/mL at the time of disease detection to 8 ng/mL after 1 day of antibiotic therapy. Studies performed show that pig-MAP is present in saliva and this specimen may be an alternative to serum for pig-MAP quantification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 105432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142401128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatitis E virus infection during pregnancy: Advances in animal models","authors":"Manyu Li ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Wenjun Wan ,&nbsp;Zeyu Song ,&nbsp;Peilong Wang ,&nbsp;Haiwei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105429","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105429","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the major pathogens causing acute viral hepatitis worldwide, which usually causes acute self-limited diseases in general individuals. However, it can lead to high mortality and adverse pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women. Due to the lack of effective and stable cell culture models for HEV, the establishment of suitable animal models for HEV infection during pregnancy is necessary. An electronic search of the relevant database was conducted to identify eligible articles. Main animal models for the study of HEV infection during pregnancy include rabbits, swine, nonhuman primates and Mongolian gerbils. These animal models have been used to study the prevention, treatment and possible mechanisms of HEV infection during pregnancy. Studies using these animal models have investigated the potential pathogenesis of HEV infection during pregnancy. It has been found that immune mechanism (changes in the CD4/CD8 ratio and cytokines), hormonal changes (increase in pregnancy-related hormones) and viral factors (different genotypes and genome structures) can lead to HEV-related adverse pregnancy outcomes in animal models. In this review, we aimed to comprehensively present the characteristics of different animal models and the pathogenesis of HEV-related adverse pregnancy outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 105429"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Left atrial volume and function in Cavalier King Charles spaniels at different ACVIM stages","authors":"Paolo Savarino ,&nbsp;Serena Crosara ,&nbsp;Marco Poggi ,&nbsp;Stefano Oricco ,&nbsp;Veronica Chiavassa ,&nbsp;Andrea Degiovanni ,&nbsp;Alberto Tarducci","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105428","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105428","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The correct assessment of left atrial size and function is essential to evaluate the severity of degenerative mitral valve disease in dogs.</div></div><div><h3>Hypothesis/objectives</h3><div>Evaluate left atrial (LA) dimension and function in Cavalier King Charles Spaniel (CKCS) at different ACVIM stages and the accuracy of linear and volumetric indexes to assess LA enlargement.</div></div><div><h3>Animals</h3><div>One hundred and ninety-eight privately owned CKCS.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Multicentric prospective observational cross-sectional study. Dogs underwent an echocardiographic exam for breed screening or cardiac examination. Linear and volumetric echocardiographic LA size and function indexes were compared between classes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Dogs were allocated as follows: 43 in class ACVIM A, 58 ACVIM B1, 55 ACVIM B2, and 42 ACVIM C/D. Only LA anteroposterior diameter normalized on body weight (LADn) and LA maximal, minimal and P volumes (LAV_max, LAV_min, LAV_P) differed across all pairwise comparisons. Active LA emptying fraction (aLAEF) was higher in class B1 compared to class A (<em>P</em> &lt; .001), and then decreased in class C/D compared to class B2 (P &lt; .001). This suggests an increase in the left atrial active component due to the Frank-Starling mechanism in ACVIM B1 dogs, and the presence of atrial dysfunction in symptomatic dogs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and clinical importance</h3><div>The LADn and LAV are higher in CKCS in class ACVIM B1 compared to class ACVIM A, suggesting the presence of LA remodelling at the early stages of the disease. Atrial dysfunction is evident in symptomatic dogs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 105428"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142392892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cadaveric study of the ultrasound-guided inter-transversospinalis plane block in dogs for the cervical epaxial musculature region.","authors":"Manuel Enrique Herrera-Linares ,&nbsp;Rocío Fernández-Parra ,&nbsp;Carla Zamora-Perarnau ,&nbsp;Nuria Fernández-Salesa ,&nbsp;Dylan Yaffy ,&nbsp;Sandra Sanchis-Mora","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105427","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105427","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blockage of the dorsal rami of the spinal nerves (DRSN) provides analgesia to the epaxial musculature area in dogs. However, techniques to block the DRSN at the cervical level in dogs haven't yet been investigated. This study aimed to study the anatomy of the cervical area, and to describe a new ultrasound (US)-guided inter-transversospinalis plane (ITP) block technique at the 5th cervical vertebrae (C5). Fourteen adult canine's cadavers were used in this blinded, cadaveric, experimental study. One cadaver for cryo-section, one for anatomical research and twelve to do an ITP injection using 0.3 mL/kg (HV) or 0.15 mL/kg (LV) of dye/contrast solution in each lateral at C5, followed by a computed tomography and anatomical dissection.</div><div>The HV and LV groups stained a median (range) of 4.67 (3-6) and 3.67 (2-5) DRSN into the ITP, respectively (<em>P</em>&lt;0.017). Stained DRSN in the splenius plane were found in nine (75%) HV and five (41.66%) LV injections, respectively. Spread in the epidural space was found in two dogs using LV. One of them was injected into the ITP (4.33 %) while the other one was done accidentally outside of this plane. The paravertebral spread was found in one injection of each group. There was no dye of the ventral rami of the spinal nerves. The US-guided ITP injection is feasible in dog cadavers. The LV injected just after the medial surface of the <em>semispinalis capitis</em> muscle is recommended to avoid a possible extensive epidural spread.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 105427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142381531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The intravenous administration of blood cell secretome can improve clinical signs in dogs with osteoarthritis","authors":"J.C. Alves ,&nbsp;A. Santos ,&nbsp;Ana Filipe ,&nbsp;L. Miguel Carreira","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105422","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105422","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We aimed to evaluate the effect of the intravenous (IV) administration of blood cell secretome (BCS) compared to its intra-articular (IA) administration.</div><div>In this cross-over study, ten dogs with bilateral hip osteoarthritis were initially assigned to an IA group (IAG). After a 180-day follow-up, the same 10 animals were assigned to an IV group (IVG). IAG received a single IA administration of 3 ml of BCS per hip joint, and IVG received a single 6 ml IV administration of BCS. Following each treatment, follow-up was conducted on days 0, 8, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180. In each follow-up, copies of the Canine Brief Pain Inventory (divided into pain interference score - PIS and Pain Severity Score - PSS), Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs (LOAD), and Canine Orthopedic Index (COI, divided into function, gait, stiffness, and quality of life) were obtained. Results were analyzed with the Mann-Whitney test, and Kaplan-Meier estimators were calculated and compared, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05.</div><div>The animals had a mean age of 7.6 ± 2.9 years and bodyweight of 27.8 ± 3.6 kg. Seven hips were classified as moderate osteoarthritis, and three as severe. No differences were found between groups from days 0 to +60d, with both groups showing clinically significant improvements. Improvements in the IAG lasted up to +120d. Kaplan-Meier estimators showed that dogs in IAG took longer to record the considered events. IVG also showed positive clinically significant results with different instruments.</div><div>IV administration of BCS can improve the overall condition of dogs with hip OA, but the IA administration produces longer-lasting results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 105422"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNA-sequencing transcriptomic analysis of scrapie-exposed ovine mesenchymal stem cells","authors":"Adelaida Hernaiz ,&nbsp;Belén Marín ,&nbsp;Francisco J. Vázquez ,&nbsp;Juan J. Badiola ,&nbsp;Pilar Zaragoza ,&nbsp;Rosa Bolea ,&nbsp;Inmaculada Martín-Burriel","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105423","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In neurodegenerative diseases, including prion diseases, cellular models arise as useful tools to study the pathogenic mechanisms occurring in these diseases and to assess the efficacy of potential therapeutic compounds. In the present study, a RNA-sequencing analysis of bone marrow-derived ovine mesenchymal stem cells (oBM-MSCs) exposed to scrapie brain homogenate was performed to try to unravel genes and pathways potentially involved in prion diseases and MSC response mechanisms to prions. The oBM-MSCs were cultured in three different conditions (inoculated with brain homogenate of scrapie-infected sheep, with brain homogenate of healthy sheep and in standard growth conditions without inoculum) that were analysed at two exposure times: 2 and 4 days post-inoculation (dpi). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in scrapie-treated oBM-MSCs were found in the two exposure times finding the higher number at 2 dpi, which coincided with the inoculum removal time. Pathways enriched in DEGs were related to biological functions involved in prion toxicity and MSC response to the inflammatory environment of scrapie brain homogenate. Moreover, RNA-sequencing analysis was validated amplifying by RT-qPCR a set of 11 DEGs with functions related with prion propagation and its associated toxicity. Seven of these genes displayed significant expression changes in scrapie-treated cells. These results contribute to the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms behind the early toxicity observed in these cells after prion exposure and to elucidate the response of MSCs to neuroinflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 105423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative stress response in avian pathogenic Escherichia coli","authors":"Lumin Yu ,&nbsp;Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Xinglin Zhang ,&nbsp;Ting Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Avian pathogenic <em>Escherichia coli</em> (APEC) leads to significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide and restricts the development of the poultry industry. Oxidative stress, through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), damage iron‑sulfur (Fe<img>S) clusters, cysteine and methionine protein residues, and DNA, and then result in bacterial cells death. APEC has evolved a series of regulation systems to sense and quickly and appropriately respond to oxidative stress. Quorum sensing (QS), second messenger (SM), transcription factors (TFs), small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs), and two-component system (TCS) are important regulation systems ubiquitous in bacteria. It is of great significance to control APEC infection through investigating the molecular regulation mechanism on APEC adapting to oxidative stress. However, how the cross-talk among these regulation systems co-regulates transcription of oxidative stress-response genes in APEC has not been reported. This review suggests exploring connector proteins that co-regulate these regulation systems that co-activate transcription of oxidative stress-response genes to disrupt bacterial antioxidative defense mechanism in APEC, and then using these connector proteins as drug targets to control APEC infection. This review might contribute to illustrating the functional mechanism of APEC adapting to oxidative stress and exploring potential drug targets for the prevention and treatment of APEC infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 105426"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of Leishmania infantum in captive non-human primates in Spain","authors":"Jesús Barbero-Moyano ,&nbsp;Remigio Martínez ,&nbsp;Moisés Gonzálvez ,&nbsp;Inmaculada Moreno ,&nbsp;Adrián Beato-Benítez ,&nbsp;David Cano-Terriza ,&nbsp;Andrea Carretero ,&nbsp;Rocío Canales-Merino ,&nbsp;Andrea Ferreiro-Prado ,&nbsp;Juan J. Garrido ,&nbsp;María A. Risalde ,&nbsp;Ignacio García-Bocanegra","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cases of <em>Leishmania infantum</em> infection have recently been reported in non-human primates (NHPs) in Spain causing severe clinical disease in critically endangered orangutans (<em>Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus</em>). The aim of this study was to determine exposure and risk factors associated with <em>L</em>. <em>infantum</em> infection in NHPs housed in zoos and wildlife rescue centers (WRC) in Spain. Between 2007 and 2023, sera from 252 NHPs belonging to 47 different species were collected at 15 centers. Indirect immunofluorescence was used to detect the presence of antibodies against <em>L</em>. <em>infantum</em> (cut-off ≥1:80). In addition, hair samples from 78 individuals were tested for <em>Leishmania</em> kDNA by real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR). Anti-<em>Leishmania</em> antibodies were detected in 4.0 % (10/252; 95 %CI: 1.6–6.4) of the NHPs tested at 26.7 % (4/15) of the centers sampled. Twenty-two NHPs were longitudinally sampled between 2010 and 2023: one ring-tailed lemur (<em>Lemur catta</em>) seroconverted and a seropositive orangutan increased antibody titers during the study period<em>. Leishmania infantum</em> kDNA was found in 62.8 % (49/78; 95 %CI: 52.1–73.6) of animals and at all centers sampled (100 %; 7/7). Phylogenetic analysis revealed high homology between the sequence obtained and strains previously isolated in humans, dogs and captive and free-living wildlife species in Spain. To the authors´ knowledge, this is the first report of <em>Leishmania</em> kDNA detection in NHP hair samples. The results indicate that hair samples could be a useful, non-invasive method of detection of <em>L</em>. <em>infantum</em> infection in these species. This is also the first large-scale survey of <em>L</em>. <em>infantum</em> conducted in NHP species in Europe. We report for the first time the presence of <em>Leishmania</em> kDNA in nine different NHP species belonging to the families <em>Cercopithecida</em>e, <em>Lemuridae</em>, and <em>Hylobatidae</em>, expanding the host range for this parasite. The main risk factors associated with <em>L</em>. <em>infantum</em> infection were: age (≥5 years old) and body size (large). Our results demonstrate widespread circulation of this parasite among NHPs housed in Spain, which could be of conservation and public health concern. Monitoring and control programs should be implemented in zoos and WRCs to minimize the risk of NHP exposure to <em>L</em>. <em>infantum</em> in endemic areas worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 105425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142352843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the accuracy of minimally invasive techniques (cytology, cell block, immunocytochemistry and clonality assay) in the diagnosis of canine multicentric lymphoma","authors":"Pâmela Cristina Lopes Gurgel Valente ,&nbsp;Maria Conceição Peleteiro ,&nbsp;Hugo Pissarra ,&nbsp;Gonçalo Vicente ,&nbsp;Jorge Correia ,&nbsp;Constança Pomba ,&nbsp;António Duarte","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lymphoma ranks among the most prevalent neoplasms in veterinary oncology, frequently diagnosed in dogs, particularly in its multicentric form. While histopathology plays a crucial role in lymphoma diagnosis, prognosis and prediction of biological behavior, minimally invasive diagnostic methods are increasingly emerging as viable alternatives. This study aims to assess and compare various minimally invasive diagnostic techniques for multicentric lymphomas in dogs. A total of 38 dogs, encompassing various sexes, ages, and breeds, with clinical suspicion of multicentric lymphoma, was included in the study. Fine needle aspiration was employed to collect samples from lymph nodes, which were subsequently used for cytology, cell block preparation, PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR), and immunocytochemistry. Among the animals evaluated, 31 dogs received a cytological diagnosis of lymphoma, while 7 showed findings suggestive of lymphoma or lymphadenitis. Immunocytochemistry on cytological smears yielded inconclusive results in 50 % of cases, with 44.74 % diagnosed with B-cell lymphoma and 5.26 % with T-cell lymphoma. Cell block analysis identified lymphoma in 30 dogs and suggested lymphoma or a round cell neoplasm in 8 cases. Cell block immunocytochemistry confirmed lymphoma in 35 dogs, comprising 80 % B-cell and 20 % T-cell lymphomas. PARR revealed monoclonal rearrangement/clonality in 33 cases, with 84.85 % of these being B-cell and 15.15 % T-cell lymphomas. This study underscores the precision of minimally invasive techniques in diagnosing and characterizing multicentric lymphoma in dogs, reaffirming their significance in veterinary clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 105420"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wild birds as potential bioindicators of environmental antimicrobial resistance: A preliminary investigation","authors":"Esposito Erika ,&nbsp;Raffaele Scarpellini ,&nbsp;Ginevra Celli ,&nbsp;Giovanna Marliani ,&nbsp;Anna Zaghini ,&nbsp;Elisabetta Mondo ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Rossi ,&nbsp;Silvia Piva","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2024.105424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an issue of global concern that includes human, animal, and environmental health. To tackle this phenomenon, a One Health approach is required through the involvement of all these interconnected elements. The environment poses challenges for investigation, but wildlife animals, not directly exposed to antibiotic treatments and interacting with their habitats, can serve as indicators of AMR contamination. Specifically, wild birds could play a significant role in dissemination of AMR, as they can acquire AMR bacteria from wildlife reservoirs and disperse them through environments. This study aims to assess the prevalence of AMR in commensal bacteria isolated from wild birds and their role as bioindicators of environmental AMR. A total of 73 birds belonging to various species were sampled in the Emilia-Romagna region with buccal, cloacal and feather samplings. The samples were cultured on selective media, colonies were identified using MALDI-TOF technology and antimicrobial susceptibility to different drugs was assessed using the Kirby-Bauer method. The birds' data were statistically evaluated in relation to AMR percentages. In total, 117 bacterial strains were isolated, belonging to 23 genera and 46 different bacterial species. The highest non-susceptibility percentages were observed for tetracycline (12.2 %) and enrofloxacin (8.6 %) considering all bacterial isolates, as well as for oxacillin (46.8 %), clindamycin (29.3 %) and rifampicin (20.8 %), among Gram-positive isolates. In the statistical analysis, a higher AMR percentage was correlated with Gram-positive isolates from birds belonging to rural/urban habitat (<em>p</em> = 0.01). Among Gram-positives, a higher oxacillin non-susceptibility percentage was found to be associated with isolates from birds sampled in province of Bologna (<em>p</em> = 0.007), a higher enrofloxacin non-susceptibility percentage revealed an association with rural/urban habitat (<em>p</em> = 0.02), while a higher non-susceptibility percentage towards rifampicin resulted associated with isolates from migratory birds (<em>p</em> = 0.031). In conclusion, this preliminary study suggests a potential role of wild birds as bioindicators for monitoring AMR contamination in the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"180 ","pages":"Article 105424"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142366376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}