Research in veterinary science最新文献_第3页

Structure of the nucleoli in the spermatocytes of three canid species 三种犬科动物精母细胞核仁的结构。

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106063

Katarzyna Andraszek , Marta Kuchta-Gładysz , Piotr Niedbała

The nucleolus is a structure of the cell nucleus associated mainly with ribosome biogenesis and indirectly responsible for protein biosynthesis. The nucleolus also plays a role in the regulation of cell growth and cell cycle progression, the detection and repair of DNA damage, and the export or degradation of mRNA. It is also involved in the most critical processes for the organism, such as ageing at the cellular level and broadly defined carcinogenesis. Analysis of the structure of nucleoli, which are the products of nucleolar organizer regions, can be an alternative source of information on the activity of rRNA-encoding genes. The material for the study was testes collected post mortem from sexually mature males of three canid species: silver fox (Vulpes vulpes), blue fox (Alopex lagopus) and Chinese raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides procyonoides). The morphology and morphometry of nucleoli identified in early primary spermatocytes were analysed. The values for all morphometric parameters of the spermatocyte nucleus were lowest for the silver fox and highest for the raccoon dog. In the case of nucleolus parameters, the lowest values were found in the raccoon dog and the lowest in the blue fox. The size of the nucleoli and spermatocyte nucleus proved to be a species-specific trait associated with the karyotype and number of nucleolar organizer regions in the species. The nucleolus is believed to play an important role in controlling meiosis. It is involved in preventing chromosome segregation during crossing over, and proteins associated with the nucleoli identify damaged synaptonemal complexes. Epigenetic regulations at the level of the nucleolus and rRNA genes remain a crucial subject of genetic research.

核仁是细胞核的一种结构，主要与核糖体的生物发生有关，并间接负责蛋白质的生物合成。核仁还参与调节细胞生长和细胞周期进程，检测和修复DNA损伤，以及mRNA的输出或降解。它还参与生物体最关键的过程，如细胞水平的衰老和广义的致癌作用。核仁是核仁组织区产生的产物，对核仁结构的分析可以作为rrna编码基因活性的另一种信息来源。研究材料为三种犬科动物——银狐（Vulpes Vulpes）、蓝狐（Alopex lagopus）和中国貉（Nyctereutes procyonoides procyonoides）的性成熟雄性死后采集的睾丸。分析了早期原代精母细胞核仁的形态和形态测定。精母细胞核各形态参数值均以银狐最低，貉最高。在核仁参数方面，貉和蓝狐的核仁参数最低。核仁和精母细胞核的大小被证明是一种物种特有的性状，与核仁组织区数量和核型有关。核仁被认为在控制减数分裂中起重要作用。它在交叉过程中参与防止染色体分离，与核仁相关的蛋白质识别受损的突触复合物。在核仁和rRNA基因水平上的表观遗传调控仍然是遗传学研究的一个重要课题。

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引用次数: 0

Epidemiological factors of Eucoleus aerophilus infection in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) from semi-arid Mediterranean environments 地中海半干旱地区赤狐感染嗜风桉菌的流行病学因素分析。

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106064

I. Arcenillas-Hernández , M. Català-Barrasetas , P. Pérez-Cutillas , M.R. Ruiz de Ybáñez , C. Martínez-Carrasco

Eucoleus aerophilus is a ubiquitous zoonotic nematode found in the tracheobronchial mucosa of the definitive hosts, described in wild and domestic canids, including the red fox (Vulpes vulpes). To assess E. aerophilus occurrence and intensity in red foxes, the respiratory system of 126 foxes from Region of Murcia (SE, Spain) were examined. Statistical analyses were performed to investigate the influence of biotic and abiotic factors on the parasite's occurrence. The occurrence of E. aerophilus was 28.6% (95% CI: 20.6–36.4), with a mean intensity of 3.1 nematodes per parasitised fox. The infection rate and parasite intensity were higher in forested areas, suggesting that earthworm abundance and a longer survival of infective E. aerophilus eggs increase the risk of transmission and maintenance in the environment. Moreover, an inverse relationship between E. aerophilus occurrence and temperature (p < 0.05) was observed. Results demonstrated that foxes participate in maintaining the cycle of E. aerophilus in semi-arid Mediterranean environments. This should be taken into account at the wild-domestic-human interface. The development of a predictive model of E. aerophilus infection risk in red foxes will allow the design of future strategies for the prevention of capillariosis, especially in areas where contact between foxes, domestic carnivores, and humans exists.

嗜气桉线虫是一种普遍存在的人畜共患线虫，存在于最终宿主的气管支气管粘膜中，在野生和家养犬科动物中都有记载，包括红狐（Vulpes Vulpes）。为评估嗜气杆菌在西班牙穆尔西亚地区126只红狐中的发病率和强度，对其呼吸系统进行了检测。统计分析了生物和非生物因素对寄生虫发生的影响。嗜气伊氏杆菌感染率为28.6% (95% CI: 20.6 ~ 36.4)，平均每只被寄生狐狸感染3.1条线虫。森林地区的感染率和寄生强度均较高，说明蚯蚓数量多，且嗜气芽孢杆菌虫卵存活时间长，增加了环境中传播和维持的风险。此外，嗜气杆菌的发生与温度呈反比关系(p

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引用次数: 0

Seroprevalence, molecular characterization, biotyping, and associated risk factors of bovine viral diarrhea in dairy cattle in Bangladesh 孟加拉国奶牛病毒性腹泻的血清阳性率、分子特征、生物分型和相关危险因素

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106065

Eaftekhar Ahmed Rana , Md Saiful Islam , Belayet Hossain , Abdul Ahad , David J. Hampson , Sam Abraham , Subir Sarker , Jully Gogoi-Tiwari , Jasim M. Uddin

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is globally endemic, with the ability to establish persistent infection (PI) being central to its complex epidemiology. Currently the genetic variability of BVDV in Bangladesh remains poorly understood. This study involved a survey in commercial dairy herds in the south-eastern part of Bangladesh in 2024/2025. A total of 373 blood samples were collected from cattle in 24 dairy herds. Serum and buffy coat samples were analyzed using antibody-ELISA and RT-qPCR targeting the 5′-UTR region, followed by sequencing. The MDBK cell line was used for virus isolation and biotyping. Herd and animal-level seroprevalences were 83.3% and 15.3%, respectively, while the corresponding viremic rates were 79.2% and 11.0%. Analysis of 41 sequences identified nine distinct BVDV-1 subgenotypes (1a, 1b, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1 k, 1p, 1o, and 1v), with BVDV-1b (41.5%) and BVDV-2a (14.6%) predominating. Additionally, five HoBiPeV-a pestiviruses were detected. Among antigen-positive cattle, 38 (92.68%) were identified as transiently infected and 3 (7.3%) were confirmed as PI. Six (14.6%) and 27 (65.9%) were identified as cytopathic and non-cytopathic biotypes, respectively. Risk factors for BVDV seropositivity included: female sex (OR: 3.0), clinical disease in the past three months (OR: 2.4), crowding (OR: 2.9), and lack of dedicated clothing for farm workers (OR: 5.7). Active infection was associated with calves (OR: 6.2), heifers (OR: 2.3), stunted growth (OR: 3.0), technician-performed artificial insemination (OR: 10.4), and frequent neighboring farm visits (OR: 3.1). This study has provided data crucial for formulating prevention and control strategies against BVDV to safeguard the Bangladeshi dairy industry.

牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）在全球流行，其建立持续性感染（PI）的能力是其复杂流行病学的核心。目前，孟加拉国BVDV的遗传变异性仍然知之甚少。本研究涉及在2024/2025年对孟加拉国东南部的商业奶牛群进行调查。从24个奶牛群的牛身上共采集了373份血液样本。采用抗体- elisa和靶向5'-UTR区的RT-qPCR对血清和灰褐色皮毛样品进行分析，并进行测序。采用MDBK细胞系进行病毒分离和生物分型。兽群和动物血清感染率分别为83.3%和15.3%，相应的病毒血症率分别为79.2%和11.0%。对41个序列的分析发现9个不同的BVDV-1亚基因型（1a、1b、1c、1d、1e、1k、1p、10和1v），其中BVDV-1b（41.5%）和BVDV-2a（14.6%）占主导地位。此外，还检测到5种HoBiPeV-a鼠疫病毒。在抗原阳性的牛中，短暂感染38头（92.68%），确诊为PI 3头（7.3%）。6例（14.6%）和27例（65.9%）分别被鉴定为细胞病变和非细胞病变生物型。BVDV血清阳性的危险因素包括：女性（OR: 3.0）、过去三个月的临床疾病（OR: 2.4）、拥挤（OR: 2.9）和农场工人缺乏专用服装（OR: 5.7）。活动性感染与犊牛（OR: 6.2）、小母牛（OR: 2.3）、发育不良（OR: 3.0）、技术人员人工授精（OR: 10.4）和频繁访问邻近农场（OR: 3.1）相关。该研究为制定针对BVDV的预防和控制策略以保护孟加拉国乳制品行业提供了至关重要的数据。

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引用次数: 0

Electroretinographic measures and their correlation with retinal vascular calibers in bitches with pyometra-induced systemic inflammatory response syndrome 脓脓诱发全身炎症反应综合征母狗视网膜电图测量及其与视网膜血管直径的关系

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106067

Fábio Dumit Pizzinatto , Alexandre Pinto Ribeiro , Bianca Eidt Rodrigues , Emilio Fernandes Rodrigues Junior

Pyometra is characterized by a uterine inflammatory process that leads to systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Bitches with pyometra-induced SIRS (P-SIRS) develop marked retinal microvascular alterations that may affect ERG findings. Therefore, this study aimed to assess potential changes in implicit times, wave amplitudes in pyometra-induced SIRS. Furthermore, we evaluated possible correlations between retinal vascular calibers and ERG parameters in the same patients. A prospective observational study was conducted on 14 bitches diagnosed with P-SIRS and 10 clinically healthy bitches (CG). In the P-SIRS group, the caliber of the retinal arterioles was significantly smaller (p = 0.0004), whereas venules were significantly larger (p = 0.008). The amplitude of the a-wave in the mixed rod–cone response was significantly smaller in the P-SIRS group compared to the CG (p = 0.03). The a-wave implicit times in the mixed rod–cone response were negatively correlated with both retinal arteriolar (p = 0.01) and venular (p = 0.03) calibers (Table 5; Fig. 3). Positive correlations were also observed between arteriolar (p = 0.04) and venular (p = 0.01) calibers and photoreceptor negative response (PhNR). This study demonstrated that retinal arteriolar constriction and venular dilation in pyometra-induced SIRS reduces the a-wave amplitude in the mixed rod–cone response. The observed correlations between retinal vascular calibers and the implicit times of the a- and b-waves, as well as between PhNR and vessel calibers, suggest that SIRS-induced changes in retinal vasculature can alter retinal blood flow, which is reflected in ERG parameters.

脓膜炎的特点是子宫炎症过程，导致全身炎症反应综合征（SIRS）。脓脓诱发SIRS （P-SIRS）的母狗会出现明显的视网膜微血管改变，这可能会影响ERG结果。因此，本研究旨在评估脓脓引起的SIRS中隐含时间和波幅的潜在变化。此外，我们评估了同一患者视网膜血管直径和ERG参数之间可能的相关性。对14只诊断为P-SIRS的公犬和10只临床健康公犬进行了前瞻性观察研究。p - sirs组视网膜小动脉直径明显减小（p = 0.0004），小静脉明显增大（p = 0.008）。p - sirs组混合杆锥反应的a波振幅明显小于CG组（p = 0.03）。混合杆锥反应中的a波隐式次数与视网膜小动脉（p = 0.01）和静脉（p = 0.03）直径呈负相关（表5；图3）。小动脉直径（p = 0.04）和静脉直径（p = 0.01）与光感受器负反应（PhNR）呈正相关。本研究表明，脓膜诱发的SIRS视网膜小动脉收缩和静脉扩张降低了混合杆-锥反应的a波振幅。观察到的视网膜血管直径与a波和b波隐含时间之间的相关性，以及PhNR与血管直径之间的相关性表明，sirs诱导的视网膜血管变化可以改变视网膜血流，这反映在ERG参数中。

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引用次数: 0

Intrauterine oxygen/ozone mixture for the treatment of subclinical endometritis in repeat breeder cows 宫内氧/臭氧混合液治疗重复种牛亚临床子宫内膜炎

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106075

Alice Carbonari , Matteo Burgio , Lorenza Frattina , Vincenzo Cicirelli , Fabrizio Iarussi , Maria Tempesta , Maria Stella Lucente , Annalisa Rizzo , Grazia Greco

Repeat Breeder Syndrome is a multifactorial condition in which subclinical endometritis (SCE) may represent an underlying cause. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of an intrauterine oxygen/ozone gas mixture administered at heat in Repeat Breeder (RB) cows with SCE. Of 156 RB cows, 57 affected with SCE based on cytological evaluation using the cytobrush technique were enrolled in the controlled clinical trial. These cows were randomly allocated, using randomization software, into two groups including treated (GM; 30) and untreated (CON; 27) animals. The intrauterine bacteria occurrence was monitored before (T0) and 12 h (T12) after treatment, along with an evaluation of reproductive parameters after the 1st and 2nd artificial insemination (AI). At T0, both groups showed similar bacterial positivity rates (12/30, 40% GM vs. 14/27, 51.85% CON; p = 0.43). At T12, all GM-positive cows had cleared cultivable bacteria, whereas all CON-positive cows remained bacteriological positive (p = 0.00001). This result indicated a 100% in-vivo clearance of cultivable bacteria. Furthermore, increasing pregnancy percentages were recorded after the 1st and 2nd AI in GM group (9/30, 30% and 9/21, 43%, respectively; p < 0.05) compared to the CON group (2/27, 7% and 1/25, 4%, respectively; p < 0.001).

Overall, these preliminary findings suggest that intrauterine ozone therapy may represent a promising complementary tool for the management of SCE in RB cows, although further studies are required to confirm its efficacy and long-term benefits.

重复繁殖综合征是一种多因素疾病，其中亚临床子宫内膜炎（SCE）可能是潜在原因。本研究的目的是评价在高温下给予子宫内氧/臭氧混合气体对重复繁殖（RB） SCE奶牛的效果。选取156头RB奶牛进行对照临床试验，其中57头采用细胞刷技术进行细胞学评价。使用随机化软件将这些奶牛随机分配为两组，包括治疗组（转基因30头）和未治疗组（CON 27头）。在治疗前（T0）和治疗后12 h （T12）监测宫内细菌的发生情况，并在第一次和第二次人工授精（AI）后评估生殖参数。T0时，两组细菌阳性率相似（12/ 30,40% GM vs. 14/ 27,51.85% CON; p = 0.43）。在T12时，所有转基因阳性奶牛清除了可培养细菌，而所有con阳性奶牛仍保持细菌学阳性（p = 0.00001）。该结果表明可培养细菌的体内清除率为100%。GM组第1次和第2次人工授精后的妊娠率（分别为9/ 30,30%和9/ 21,43%,p < 0.05）高于CON组（分别为2/ 27.7%和1/ 25.4%,p < 0.001）。总的来说，这些初步研究结果表明，子宫内臭氧治疗可能是治疗RB奶牛SCE的一种有希望的补充工具，尽管需要进一步的研究来证实其有效性和长期效益。

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引用次数: 0

Primary phthalate metabolite concentrations in the hair of dairy cows in Kyrgyzstan 吉尔吉斯斯坦奶牛毛发中初级邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物浓度

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106074

Slawomir Gonkowski , Nariste Kadyralieva , Elena Vakonaki , Thomas Lamprakis , Manolis Tzatzarakis

Phthalates are commonly used in industry, contaminating the environment and harming living organisms. However, there is very limited information regarding farm animal exposure to these chemicals. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the levels of primary phthalate metabolites (monomethyl phthalate - MMP, monoethyl phthalate - MEP, mono-isobutyl phthalate - MiBP, monobutyl phthalate - MBP, monobenzyl phthalate - MBzP, mono-cyclohexyl phthalate - MCHP and mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate - MEHP) in dairy cows' hair. Hair samples were collected from dairy cows bred in three regions of Kyrgyzstan. Phthalate metabolite levels were analysed using the liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC–MS) method.

Phthalate metabolites were detected in dairy cow hair. MEHP was the most frequently observed (in 70.8% of samples), with a mean concentration (±standard deviation) of 27.3 ± 27.8 pg/mg. MiBP and MBP were found less frequently (in 60.4% of samples), with mean concentrations of 50.7 ± 103.9 pg/mg and 18.8 ± 31.7 pg/mg, respectively. MMP and MBzP were noted in 15% and 2.1% of the samples, respectively, and their mean concentrations were below the limit of detection (LOD). MEP and MCHP were not observed in hair samples in this study. Statistically significant differences in MEHP levels were noted between the regions included in the study.

The study has demonstrated that hair analysis is a suitable method for biomonitoring phthalates in cow's hair. Moreover, it has been shown that dairy cows in Kyrgyzstan are primarily exposed to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, di-isobutyl phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate, which are the parent substances of MEHP, MiBP, and MBP, respectively.

邻苯二甲酸酯通常用于工业，污染环境并危害生物。然而，关于农场动物接触这些化学物质的信息非常有限。因此，本研究旨在评估奶牛毛发中邻苯二甲酸一甲酯代谢物（邻苯二甲酸一乙酯- MMP、邻苯二甲酸一乙酯- MEP、邻苯二甲酸一异丁酯- MiBP、邻苯二甲酸一丁酯- MBP、邻苯二甲酸一苯二酯- MBzP、邻苯二甲酸一环己酯- MCHP和邻苯二甲酸一（2-乙基己酯）- MEHP）的水平。毛发样本采集自吉尔吉斯斯坦三个地区饲养的奶牛。采用液相色谱-质谱（LC-MS）法分析邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物水平。在奶牛毛发中检测到邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物。MEHP是最常见的（占70.8%），平均浓度（±标准差）为27.3±27.8 pg/mg。MiBP和MBP的检测频率较低（占60.4%），平均浓度分别为50.7±103.9 pg/mg和18.8±31.7 pg/mg。MMP和MBzP的检出率分别为15%和2.1%，平均浓度均低于检出限（LOD）。本研究未在毛发样本中观察到MEP和MCHP。MEHP水平在纳入研究的地区之间有统计学上的显著差异。研究表明，毛发分析是一种适用于牛毛发中邻苯二甲酸盐生物监测的方法。此外，研究表明，吉尔吉斯斯坦的奶牛主要暴露于邻苯二甲酸二-2-乙基己酯、邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯，它们分别是MEHP、MiBP和MBP的母体物质。

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引用次数: 0

A cluster analysis of veterinarians' antimicrobial prescription preferences for companion animals in Portugal 葡萄牙兽医对伴侣动物抗菌药物处方偏好的聚类分析。

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106070

G.L.C. Alcântara , K. Pinello , M. Severo , J. Niza-Ribeiro

Background

Antimicrobial stewardship is essential to tackle antimicrobial resistance, particularly in veterinary practice where antimicrobials of high importance for human health require careful oversight. This study assessed prescribing patterns and concordance with FECAVA recommendations for prudent antimicrobial use across common clinical scenarios, providing a Europe-wide framework for responsible antimicrobial prescribing in companion animals.

Methods

A cross-sectional survey was conducted among veterinarians in Portugal (October 2019–January 2020), covering 11 clinical scenarios and 18 therapeutic options, including ‘no antimicrobial therapy’. Descriptive, inferential, and cluster analyses were performed.

Results

Among 416 respondents, amoxicillin–clavulanic acid (27.4%) and fluoroquinolones (13.8%) were most frequently chosen. Six prescribing clusters were identified: Cluster D (33.2%) was the largest, followed by Clusters C (23.3%) and F (22.1%). Younger veterinarians (<42 years) were more likely to belong to Cluster A (p < 0.001). Clusters A and F frequently selected ‘no antimicrobials,’ whereas Cluster B predominantly relied on amoxicillin–clavulanic acid and aminoglycosides. Concordance with FECAVA recommendations was highest in Cluster A and lowest in Cluster B. Importantly, consensus across clusters was observed for post-operative prophylaxis, wound treatment, and osteomyelitis, where prescription patterns aligned with FECAVA guidance.

Limitations

Limitations include potential recall and social desirability bias inherent to self-reported data, and the hypothetical scenarios did not account for case severity or previous antimicrobial exposure.

Conclusion

Six distinct prescribing profiles were identified, with broad-spectrum antimicrobials frequently selected. The variability in antimicrobial prescription recommendation between the profiles underscores the need for targeted antimicrobial stewardship interventions to strengthen adherence to guidelines in companion animal practice.

背景：抗菌素管理对于解决抗菌素耐药性至关重要，特别是在兽医实践中，对人类健康具有高度重要性的抗菌素需要仔细监督。本研究评估了处方模式，并与FECAVA建议在常见临床情况下谨慎使用抗微生物药物的一致性，为伴侣动物中负责任的抗微生物药物处方提供了一个欧洲范围的框架。方法：对葡萄牙兽医进行横断面调查（2019年10月- 2020年1月），涵盖11种临床情况和18种治疗方案，包括“无抗菌治疗”。进行了描述性、推断性和聚类分析。结果：在416名受访者中，选择阿莫西林-克拉维酸（27.4%）和氟喹诺酮类药物（13.8%）的比例最高。共鉴定出6个处方类，其中D类占33.2%，其次是C类（23.3%）和F类（22.1%）。局限性：局限性包括自我报告数据固有的潜在召回和社会期望偏差，并且假设的场景没有考虑病例严重程度或先前的抗微生物药物暴露。结论：确定了6种不同的处方概况，经常选择广谱抗菌药物。不同情况下抗菌素处方推荐的差异强调了有针对性的抗菌素管理干预措施的必要性，以加强对伴侣动物实践指南的遵守。

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引用次数: 0

Bacterially expressed non-glycosylated recombinant bovine interferon lambda demonstrates antiviral activity against bovine viral diarrhea virus in cell culture 细菌表达的非糖基化重组牛干扰素lambda在细胞培养中显示出对牛病毒性腹泻病毒的抗病毒活性

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106071

David J. Holthausen , Kathryn A. Bickel , Gisselle N. Medina , Daniel W. Nielsen , Bryan S. Kaplan , Eduardo Casas , Rohana P. Dassanayake

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a pathogen of economic concern for the cattle industry due to reproductive losses, persistently infected animals, and for contributing to the bovine respiratory disease complex. Bovine interferon lambda 3 (IFN-λ3) is a type III interferon and a glycosylated cytokine with potent antiviral activity. The recombinant glycosylated bovine IFN-λ3 (rbIFN-λ3) has antiviral activity against BVDV in Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cells. Bacterial expression systems provide a higher-yield and more cost-effective alternative to eukaryotic expression systems. The antiviral properties of bacterially expressed non-glycosylated rbIFN-λ3 against BVDV in cell culture was determined in this study. The coding sequence for the mature bovine IFN-λ3 was cloned into a bacterial expression vector and non-glycosylated rbIFN-λ3 was expressed and purified. Cells were pre-treated with serial dilutions of rbIFN-λ3 one day prior to infection with BVDV. The rbIFN-λ3 treatment was repeated daily, and viral infection status was assessed three days post-infection using immunohistochemistry with a monoclonal antibody specific to the BVDV E2 glycoprotein. A single band corresponding to non-glycosylated rbIFN-λ3 with the expected molecular mass was observed on SDS-PAGE, and the identity of rbIFN-λ3 was confirmed via western blotting. Our results indicated that bacterially expressed rbIFN-λ3 without glycosylation demonstrated concentration-dependent antiviral activity, effectively reducing BVDV replication. These results indicate that glycosylation is not required for the antiviral function of bovine IFN-λ3, and supports the potential of using bacterially expressed, non-glycosylated bovine IFN-λ3 in antiviral therapies against BVDV infections.

牛病毒性腹泻病毒（BVDV）是一种对养牛业造成经济关注的病原体，因为它会造成繁殖损失，持续感染动物，并导致牛呼吸道疾病。牛干扰素λ3 （IFN-λ3）是一种III型干扰素和糖基化细胞因子，具有强大的抗病毒活性。重组糖基化牛IFN-λ3 （rbIFN-λ3）对牛肾（MDBK）细胞中BVDV具有抗病毒活性。细菌表达系统为真核表达系统提供了一种更高产量和更具成本效益的替代方案。本研究测定了细菌表达的非糖基化rbin -λ3在细胞培养中对BVDV的抗病毒性能。将成熟牛IFN-λ3的编码序列克隆到细菌表达载体上，表达并纯化了非糖基化的rbIFN-λ3。在感染BVDV前1天，用连续稀释的rbin -λ3预处理细胞。每天重复rbIFN-λ3治疗，并在感染后3天使用BVDV E2糖蛋白特异性单克隆抗体免疫组织化学评估病毒感染状态。在SDS-PAGE上观察到一条与预期分子质量相符的非糖基化rbIFN-λ3对应的单条带，并通过western blotting证实了rbIFN-λ3的身份。我们的研究结果表明，细菌表达的无糖基化的rbIFN-λ3具有浓度依赖性的抗病毒活性，有效地减少了BVDV的复制。这些结果表明，牛IFN-λ3的抗病毒功能不需要糖基化，并且支持使用细菌表达的非糖基化牛IFN-λ3抗病毒治疗BVDV感染的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

An evaluation of alternative buffers for the transport and detection of Moraxella bovis and M. bovoculi on cotton wool swabs 在棉签上对牛莫拉菌和博氏分枝杆菌进行运输和检测的备选缓冲液的评价

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106069

Louis H. Maartens , Bruce Gummow , John D. Grewar , Peter N. Thompson , Jacqueline A. Picard

Bovine keratoconjunctivitis is a globally important inflammatory condition affecting the eyes of cattle. The reliable detection of Moraxella bovis and M. bovoculi on conjunctival specimens is crucial for observational studies aiming to unravel the complex epidemiology of this disease. The stability of Moraxella DNA was evaluated in three experiments using cotton wool swabs spiked with varying concentrations of sample suspensions and submitted either with or without DNA stabilizers. Swabs were subjected to different storage temperatures (4 °C or 25 °C), and DNA was extracted at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h using an automated system, followed by qPCR analysis. DNA from both species remained detectable on damp cotton-wool swabs under all conditions, indicating resilience to transport delays and cold-chain interruptions. Although MagNA Pure Bacteria Lysis Buffer and MagNA Pure DNA Tissue Lysis Buffer provided acceptable stabilization, specimen submission without stabilizers was analytically more sensitive, detecting Moraxella DNA at higher dilutions and yielding higher inferred DNA concentrations (lower Cq values). These results indicate that Moraxella specimens can be packaged for transport without stabilizing buffers.

牛角膜结膜炎是一种影响牛眼睛的全球性重要炎症性疾病。结膜标本上牛莫拉菌和bovoculi分枝杆菌的可靠检测对于旨在揭示该疾病复杂流行病学的观察性研究至关重要。莫拉菌DNA的稳定性在三个实验中进行了评估，使用棉签加入不同浓度的样品悬浮液，并在有或没有DNA稳定剂的情况下提交。将拭子置于不同的储存温度（4°C或25°C）下，在0、24、48和72 h使用自动系统提取DNA，然后进行qPCR分析。在所有条件下，湿棉签上都能检测到这两个物种的DNA，这表明它们对运输延误和冷链中断的适应能力。尽管MagNA纯细菌裂解缓冲液和MagNA纯DNA组织裂解缓冲液提供了可接受的稳定性，但不使用稳定剂的样品提交在分析上更敏感，在更高的稀释度下检测莫拉氏菌DNA，并产生更高的推断DNA浓度（更低的Cq值）。这些结果表明莫拉菌标本可以在没有稳定缓冲液的情况下包装运输。

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引用次数: 0

Comparative effects of monensin and alternative feed additives on productive performance and rumen fermentation in Zebu beef cattle: A systematic review and meta-analysis 莫能菌素和替代饲料添加剂对瘤胃发酵和生产性能的影响：系统综述和荟萃分析

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106072

Ingrid Guidi Ribeiro , Ana Clara Nogueira Gonçalves , Letícia Gobbo Oliveira , Guilherme Lobato Menezes , Ângela Maria Quintão Lana , Rafahel Carvalho Souza , Alan Figueiredo de Oliveira

Zebu cattle predominate in tropical beef systems, but no meta-analysis has compared monensin with alternative additives specifically in Zebu cattle. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the effects of monensin and alternative feed additives on productive performance and rumen fermentation in Zebu beef cattle. Forty-seven studies (408 comparisons) were included. We performed a random-effects meta-analysis to estimate mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals and explored heterogeneity using subgroup analyses and meta-regression. Average daily gain (ADG) was greater in animals receiving natural additives (+5.01%; MD = 0.063; CI: 0.048 to 0.078) or probiotics (+5.03%; MD = 0.083; CI: 0.021 to 0.145) than in those receiving monensin. In contrast, ADG was lower in animals treated with virginiamycin (−3.42%; MD = −0.042; CI: −0.073 to −0.010) or lasalocid (−14.5%; MD = −0.076; CI: −0.081 to −0.072). These increases in ADG with natural additives and probiotics could potentially shorten finishing time under typical feedlot conditions. Dry matter intake (DMI) was higher in animals receiving monensin plus virginiamycin, natural additives, virginiamycin, monensin plus narasin, probiotics, narasin, and monensin plus probiotics compared with monensin alone. Feed efficiency (FE) was higher in animals supplemented with monensin plus virginiamycin (+2.05%; MD = 0.003; CI: 0.0003 to 0.006) but lower in those receiving virginiamycin alone (−9.90%; MD = −0.014; CI: −0.016 to −0.011) compared with monensin. Methane emissions did not differ among treatments, indicating similar effects on enteric methane production. Natural additives and probiotics increased ADG, but the diversity of compounds and inclusion levels limits identifying which specific components drive the response. Overall, monensin remains a consistent additive for improving FE in Zebu cattle, whereas combining it with virginiamycin resulted in even greater FE and may represent a useful strategy.

Zebu牛在热带牛肉系统中占主导地位，但没有荟萃分析将莫能菌素与替代添加剂特别在Zebu牛中进行比较。本荟萃分析旨在比较莫能菌素和替代饲料添加剂对瘤胃肉牛生产性能和瘤胃发酵的影响。纳入了47项研究（408项比较）。我们进行了随机效应荟萃分析，以95%的置信区间估计平均差异（MD），并使用亚组分析和荟萃回归探讨异质性。食用天然添加剂（+5.01%;MD = 0.063; CI: 0.048 ~ 0.078）或益生菌（+5.03%;MD = 0.083; CI: 0.021 ~ 0.145）的动物平均日增重（ADG）高于食用莫能菌素的动物。相比之下，维吉尼霉素（- 3.42%;MD = - 0.042; CI: - 0.073至- 0.010）或lasalocid （- 14.5%; MD = - 0.076; CI: - 0.081至- 0.072）处理的动物的ADG较低。在典型的饲养场条件下，添加天然添加剂和益生菌提高日增重可能会缩短育肥时间。与单用莫能菌素相比，莫能菌素加维吉尼霉素、天然添加剂、维吉尼霉素、莫能菌素加那霉素、益生菌、那霉素和莫能菌素加益生菌组的干物质采食量（DMI）更高。与莫能菌素相比，莫能菌素加维吉尼霉素组的饲料效率（FE）较高（+2.05%;MD = 0.003; CI: 0.0003 ~ 0.006），而单用维吉尼霉素组的饲料效率较低（- 9.90%;MD = - 0.014; CI: - 0.016 ~ - 0.011）。甲烷排放量在不同处理之间没有差异，表明对肠道甲烷产生的影响相似。天然添加剂和益生菌增加了平均日增重，但化合物的多样性和包含水平限制了确定哪些特定成分驱动反应。总的来说，莫能菌素仍然是提高瘤牛FE的一致添加剂，而将其与维吉尼霉素结合使用可以获得更高的FE，可能是一种有用的策略。

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引用次数: 0