Research in veterinary science最新文献

{"title":"Mucosal and systemic humoral responses after experimental Brucella abortus challenge in non-vaccinated or RB51-vaccinated elk","authors":"S.C. Olsen,&nbsp;E. Putz,&nbsp;P.M. Boggiatto","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unvaccinated elk and elk inoculated with <em>Brucella abortus</em> strain RB51 were used (RB51) (<em>n</em> = 8/trt). Pregnant animals were conjunctivally challenged during pregnancy with <em>B. abortus</em> strain 2308 (2308). Sera, conjunctival fluid, and fecal samples were obtained and evaluated for IgG and IgA antibody responses. Animals were necropsied either within 1–3 weeks or at 14 to 17 wks after parturition. No difference (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05) in abortion or infection after experimental challenge was observed between treatments. Both treatments demonstrated seroconversion on standard tube agglutination (STAT), fluorescence polarization assay (FPA) and IgG ELISA but vaccinates demonstrated significant reductions in humoral responses at later sampling times. Elevations in IgG and IgA responses to 2308 and anamnestic IG responses to RB51 were detected in conjunctival fluid. Our data suggests that vaccinated elk demonstrated more rapid declines in IgG humoral responses after infection. Although serum STAT responses demonstrated minimal declines in both treatments, we observed reduced FPA and ELISA responses in vaccinates in later sampling times. Detection of brucellosis titers in elk is used to define the borders of designated surveillance areas where enhanced surveillance of domestic livestock is conducted and absence of seropositive responses in infected elk on standard serologic tests could enhance risk of disease transmission to cattle. This work provides new information on regulation of humoral responses of naïve and previously exposed elk after infection. Reductions in brucellosis titers of RB51 vaccinates after experimental infection has been observed in cattle and suggests anamnestic influences on elk humoral responses despite persistence of <em>Brucella</em> infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 105591"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing detection methods for MRSA isolated from mastitis cases and assessing virulence genes","authors":"Selda Beker ,&nbsp;Serpil Kahya Demirbilek","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105609","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency and accuracy of bacterial identification methods, BD Phoenix™100 and Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), for the identification of Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (MRSA) and to select the most reliable method. This study was supported by the inclusion of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques to improve the reliability of MRSA detection. For this purpose, 350 milk samples were collected from different farms and cultured for isolation of <em>Staphylococcus</em> spp., using the salt enrichment culture method. 232 strains were isolated which were further identified with the BD Phoenix™100 system; however, only 204 of these were identified as <em>Staphylococcus</em> spp., 28 of these were unidentified by MALDI-TOF MS. The Maldi Biotype software accurately identified 119 of these isolates at the species level and 85 at the genus level. BD Phoenix™100 demonstrated remarkable accuracy, identifying 100 % of the isolates as <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (39/39). In contrast, the MALDI-TOF MS method identified 94.8 % of the isolates as <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (37/39). Both identification systems confirmed a total of 37 strains of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>. We confirmed <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> by PCR using the <em>spa</em> 83.7 % (31/37) and <em>nuc</em> 86.4 % (32/37) genes. Using the PCR method, we successfully detected the <em>mecA</em> 0.9 % (2/204), and the <em>blaZ</em> 17.6 % (36/204) gene for beta-lactam antibiotic resistance (beta-lactamase-penicillinase) but did not find <em>mecC</em> and PVL genes from any of the isolates. The antibiotic susceptibility test results were determined for all isolates using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. This demonstrated that they exhibited the highest resistance to ampicillin 53.9 % and penicillin 52.4 %, followed by tetracycline 21.07 %, clindamycin 18.6 % and oxacillin 18.1 %. Additionally, a total of 18.6 % (38/204) isolates exhibited resistance to antibiotics belonging to more than three groups of antibiotics and were classified as multidrug-resistant (MDR). The results obtained from MALDI-TOF-MS showed a concordance rate of 41.7 % with the findings from the BD Phoenix™100, as confirmed by statistical analysis. This level of agreement indicates a significant divergence between the two methods. This discrepancy highlights the need for additional studies to thoroughly assess the comparative effectiveness and reliability of MALDI-TOF-MS and BD Phoenix™100 in identifying microbial species. Such evaluations could help determine the strengths and limitations of each method, ultimately guiding the laboratory and improving diagnostic accuracy in clinical settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 105609"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143637630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential expression of Toll-like receptors and associated cytokines in the bursa of Eimeria tenella infected chickens","authors":"Huili Zhu ,&nbsp;Qian Zhang ,&nbsp;Danni Wang ,&nbsp;Guijie Zheng ,&nbsp;Song Wang ,&nbsp;Yanhui Han ,&nbsp;Yanzhao Xu ,&nbsp;Hongxuan He","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105607","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105607","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chicken coccidiosis, caused by <em>Eimeria</em> spp., is an economically important disease of commercial poultry. Innate immunity ensures an immediate response to invading parasites, and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are major components of the innate immune system. However, few systematic studies have been reported on the roles of TLRs in chickens infected with <em>Eimeria</em>. In the present study, 14-day-old chickens were infected orally with 50,000 <em>E. tenella</em> oocysts and the bursa of Fabricius was dissected at different time points. Expression profiles of 10 chicken TLRs (chTLRs) and associated cytokines were determined by quantitative real-time PCR. The results showed that chTLR1a and chTLR2a peaked significantly at 3 h post-infection (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), while other chTLRs displayed different expression profiles; chTLR1b, chTLR2b, chTLR5, and chTLR15 peaked at 48 h post-infection, while chTLR4, chTLR7, and chTLR21 peaked at 144 h post-infection. ChTLR3 expression was the highest among chTLRs, peaking at 96 h post-infection (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). For cytokines, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-12, IL-17, and interferon-γ peaked at 12 h post-infection, while IL-4 peaked at 24 h post-infection. The results provide a valuable overview of the expression profiles of innate immune molecules during <em>E. tenella</em> infection in chicken bursa, and indicate that innate immune responses may mediate resistance to chicken coccidiosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 105607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Western Canadian cow-calf producers' perspectives about cattle welfare, handling, and training in cattle handling: A thematic analysis","authors":"Nathanael H. Lutevele ,&nbsp;Karin Orsel ,&nbsp;Meagan T.M. King ,&nbsp;Ed A. Pajor ,&nbsp;Maria C. Ceballos","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105606","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105606","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Beef producers and handlers have critical roles in influencing the welfare of beef cattle through their handling practices. Similarly, cattle handling training opportunities are important to enhance animal welfare by improving handling skills, attitudes, and handler behaviour. In this study, 15 audio-recorded interviews were conducted with cow-calf producers from Western Canada (Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan) to gather their views on cattle welfare, handling, and training in cattle handling. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using a thematic analysis approach that revealed seven major themes: (1) producers understand the complexity of animal welfare and its assessment; (2) public and consumer welfare concerns and producers' own sense of responsibility drive prioritization of welfare practices; (3) optimizing animal welfare enhances profitability; (4) cattle handling has a direct relationship with cattle welfare; (5) producers are highly motivated to adopt low-stress cattle handling practices, but acknowledge that implementation varies; (6) cattle handling training is a valuable learning experience that is linked with positive effects on the production system; and (7) effective handling training must reflect both on-farm settings and handling situations. In conclusion, participants had a strong understanding of animal welfare and its assessment. They highlighted the crucial role of handling practices in influencing welfare, as well as the connection between welfare improvement and operation profitability. Additionally, they recognized the value of cattle handling training in enhancing handling skills, insisting that such training should be conducted locally, at an affordable price, be practical, and reflect farm settings common for the majority of producers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 105606"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143620943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development, validation and application of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of antibodies to Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies dysgalactiae in lamb and ewe sera","authors":"L.P. Jackson ,&nbsp;D. Timofte ,&nbsp;K.T. Ballingall ,&nbsp;J.S. Duncan","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105604","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105604","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neonatal infectious arthritis (NIA) is a bacterial disease of lambs caused by <em>Streptococcus dysgalactiae sub species dysgalactiae</em> (SDSD). NIA negatively impacts animal welfare; whilst its control entails widespread antibiotic use. The aims of this study are to develop, validate and apply an indirect, ELISA assay to inform SDSD vaccine development and epidemiology studies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The antigen (inactivated isolate of SDSD) was incubated with sera from SDSD infected sheep, negative control sheep and serum from sheep flocks with outbreaks of SDSD NIA. SDSD antibody was detected with rabbit anti-sheep IgG conjugated with horseradish peroxidase. Antibody levels were estimated using peroxidase substrate and detection of colour change.</div><div>Test performance was determined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and by comparison with the animals' concurrent infection status, as determined by a Real Time PCR assay for SDSD bacterial DNA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Using ROC curve analysis, a median test sensitivity of 85.71 % (95 % CI, 77.51–93.91) and a median test specificity of 73.68 % (95 % CI, 53.89–93.48), with a positive predictive value of 92.31 % (95 % CI, 86.07–98.55), and a negative predictive value of 58.33 % (95 % CI, 36.16–80.50).</div><div>ELISA test performance was reduced when serum ELISA status (<em>n</em> = 362 sheep) was compared with concurrent SDSD infection status. The SDSD ELISA sensitivity was 39.74 % (95 % CI, 28.83–51.46), the specificity 60.92 % (95 % CI, 54.97–66.63), the PPV 21.83 % (95 % CI, 15.34–29.53), and the NPV was 78.64 % (95 % CI, 72.62–83.86).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This ELISA assay could be applied to estimate flock sero-prevalences for SDSD and changing SDSD antibody titres in vaccine trials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 105604"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Clostridium perfringens in sheep (Ovis aries) and goat (Capra hircus) populations across Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Wen-Xu Tan ,&nbsp;Tong Ye ,&nbsp;Qi-Man Zhang ,&nbsp;Miao Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Tong Chen ,&nbsp;Lu-Yao Tang ,&nbsp;Meng-Ting Yang ,&nbsp;Jing Jiang ,&nbsp;Quan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105605","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105605","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>South Asia, East Asia, and Southeast Asia have consistently been the regions with the highest prevalence of <em>Clostridium perfringens</em> in sheep and goats. Given the significant economic importance of sheep and goats in these regions and the potential threat posed by this pathogen, a thorough investigation of the prevalence of <em>C. perfringens</em> in sheep and goats throughout Asia is important to inform the development of robust and effective regulatory measures to prevent its spread among sheep and goats. In this study, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines to quantitatively estimate the prevalence of <em>C. perfringens</em> in sheep and goats. Through extensive searches of eligible studies in electronic databases, 29 studies were identified. The pooled prevalence estimate was 38.8 % (95 %CI: 30.9–46.9), with type A showing the highest prevalence. Additionally, the results of the subgroup analysis indicated that the prevalence of <em>C. perfringens</em> in sheep and goats varied based on factors such as age, sample type, sample size, vaccination status, and sampling time. These findings emphasise the need for vaccination and ongoing surveillance to mitigate the risk of <em>C. perfringens</em>-associated outbreaks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 105605"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143562393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sodium ferrous citrate in 5-Aminolevulinic acid supplements suppresses the effector function of feline lymphocytes by reducing the mitochondrial membrane potential","authors":"Shoma Nishibori ,&nbsp;Aika Chijiwa ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kambayashi ,&nbsp;Nao Iwatani ,&nbsp;Aki Sakai ,&nbsp;Keishiro Isayama ,&nbsp;Yoichi Mizukami ,&nbsp;Nobuyuki Shiranaga ,&nbsp;Takuya Mizuno ,&nbsp;Masaya Igase","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105603","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105603","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>5-Aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is an endogenous amino acid in mammalian cells; it is the first amino acid in the heme biosynthesis pathway occurring in the mitochondria. 5-ALA with sodium ferrous citrate (SFC) possesses anti-inflammatory properties by inducing heme oxygenase (HO)-1 expression and releasing heme metabolites in humans and mice. Supplements containing 5-ALA and divalent iron is available in veterinary medicine. We previously showed that 5-ALA with SFC enhances the production of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) in concanavalin A (ConA)-stimulated canine lymphocytes. However, the effects of 5-ALA/SFC on feline lymphocytes remain to be investigated. This study demonstrated that 5-ALA/SFC-induced HO-1 expression and decreased IFN-γ production in ConA-stimulated feline lymphocytes. Comprehensive RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) signaling pathway was inhibited by adding 5-ALA/SFC. Moreover, we confirmed that 5-ALA/SFC decreased ATF4 protein expression. Furthermore, separate analyses of the effects of 5-ALA and SFC on feline lymphocytes revealed that SFC, but not 5-ALA, induced AKT dephosphorylation and mitochondrial dysfunction in activated lymphocytes. Thus, SFC in 5-ALA supplements may suppress the effector function of feline lymphocytes via mitochondrial metabolism, thereby representing a novel mechanism in 5-ALA/SFC research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 105603"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of LigB polymerase chain reaction as a complementary tool to microscopic agglutination test for the detection of bovine leptospirosis in serum samples","authors":"Vanina Saraullo ,&nbsp;Micaela Hamer ,&nbsp;Micaela Esteban ,&nbsp;Cristina Sanchez ,&nbsp;Bibiana Brihuega ,&nbsp;Mara Martinez","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105602","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105602","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Leptospirosis is a significant infectious disease affecting livestock. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) is used as the gold standard; however, the inclusion of molecular tools (PCR) could improve the accuracy of diagnosis. We evaluated the combination of MAT and a LigB-PCR in bovine serum to detect positive cases in animals clinically suspected of leptospirosis. 127 samples were classified by MAT (cut-off 1:100). Of 45 negative samples negative by MAT, 42.2 % were positive by PCR. In addition, the number of confirmed cases of bovine leptospirosis based on clinical suspicion and MAT and/or PCR increased the diagnostic rate to 79.5 %. LigB-PCR can detect traces of leptospiral DNA in serum with negative or low antibody titers and could be used as a complementary tool to MAT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 105602"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exposure to PFOS, PFBS, PFOA and PFBA impairs cell cycle progression in bovine brain (Bos taurus) endothelial cells","authors":"Alice Gonella ,&nbsp;Marta Giacomello ,&nbsp;Livio Finos ,&nbsp;Antonella Peruffo","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105585","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105585","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) are the large class of synthetic chemicals that persist in the environment and bioaccumulate in different tissues including the brain, inducing blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption. In this study, we assessed cytotoxicity of PFAS in a bovine brain endothelial cell line by exposing the cells to increasing concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μM) of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorobutane sulfonic acid (PFBS), perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA) and perfluoro ([5-methoxy-1,3-dioxolan-4-yl]oxy) acetic acid (C6O4). Cell viability, cell cycle profiling and the apoptotic potential were then analyzed. Cells were categorized by grouping nuclei into G0 + G1, Synthesis (S) and Mitotic phases (M), nuclei showing characteristics of senescence and nuclear fragments. By combining high throughput screening with cell nuclei counting for group, we determined the relationship between the dose-response effect of PFAS and their proliferative potential. Our results showed that PFOS decreased the number of cells in S and M phase. PFBS reduced the number of cells in M phase, decreased the senescence phenotype and increased the number of fragment nuclei. PFOA enhanced the number of cells nuclei in S and M phase. The PFBA enhanced the number of nuclei in G0 + G1, S and M phase. C6O4 did not show significant variation under any of the experimental conditions tested. We did not find significant changes in terms of cell viability assay. This bovine endothelial cell line provides an alternative model for studying the mechanisms involved in the decrease of BBB integrity due to PFAS accumulation in a large mammal with large brain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 105585"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143548646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doppler ultrasound for the assessment of renal perfusion in kittens up to three months of age and young adult cats","authors":"Maria Cristina Reis Castiglioni,&nbsp;Sheila Canevese Rahal,&nbsp;Jeana Pereira da Silva,&nbsp;Ricardo Shoiti Ichikawa,&nbsp;Maria Jaqueline Mamprim","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105590","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105590","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to assess the Doppler-based renal resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) during the first three months of age and compare them with the indices of young adult cats. Forty-eight healthy mixed-breed cats were evaluated in this study, 24 males and 24 females. The client-owned cats and those from breeding catteries were distributed into six groups, each consisting of eight animals, based on their age: G1 - up to 10 days old, G2 - from 11 to 20 days of age, G3 - from 21 to 30 days of age, G4 - between 1 and 2 months of age, G5 - between 2 and 3 months of age, and G6 – between 1 and 3 years of age. <em>After B-mode ultrasound</em> of the right and left <em>kidney</em>s<em>,</em> values of RI and PI were determined with Doppler ultrasound of renal, interlobar, or arcuate arteries. Each artery was evaluated using spectral Doppler to obtain at least three similar, sequential, and complete Doppler waveforms. Only waveforms obtained when the cats were calm were used to obtain the RI and PI. These Doppler-based indices were automatically calculated using the ultrasound device after manual waveform delimitation. No statistical difference was found between the arteries, kidneys, or sexes, regardless of age (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Mean values for RI and PI that included the three arteries were established. Statistical differences among all groups were observed (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). RI values in G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, and G6 were 0.75 ± 0.006, 0.73 ± 0.06, 0.70 ± 0.07, 0.66 ± 0.06, 0.67 ± 0.06, and 0.62 ± 0.070, respectively. PI values in G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, and G6 were 1.25 ± 0.196, 1.16 ± 0.182, 1.08 ± 0.193, 1.02 ± 0.177, 1.00 ± 0.160, and 0.97 ± 0.163, respectively. Comparing RI and PI among groups demonstrates the presence of differences between them (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), with higher values in G1 (up to 10 days of age) and a gradual drop in values up to G6 (young adults). A positive linear correlation was observed between RI and PI, with a coefficient greater than 0.80, regardless of the age group. In conclusion, the normal renal ultrasonographic <em>indices were age dependent,</em> being the highest values verified during the first month of age. The RI and PI reference values provided can be used for renal evaluation of kittens up to 3 months of age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"187 ","pages":"Article 105590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143510502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}