Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106086
Catherine Konrad Nava Calva , Amanda Oliveira Paraguassú , Anna Vitória Hörbe , Felipe Auatt Batista de Sousa , Otávio Henrique de Melo Schiefler , Layla de Jesus Neri Cerqueira , Luna Silvestri Souto , Felipe Augusto Ruiz Sueiro , Andrigo Barboza de Nardi , Maurício Veloso Brun
Minimally invasive surgery in small animals is constantly advancing, reducing tissue trauma, and improving diagnostic accuracy. This report documented the first use of hernioscopy associated with the glove port technique in a female dog with an partially reducible inguinal hernia. The 11-year-old patient exhibited a right inguinal swelling containing intestinal loops, concomitant with a extensive cystic intra-abdominal mass. An exploratory laparoscopy was performed through the inguinal hernia utilizing the glove port technique to establish multiport access without muscle wall incision. This method minimized tissue trauma and enabled comprehensive evaluation of the abdominal cavity, as well as partial mass resection. The procedure offered palliative benefits and introduced a novel application of laparoscopy for managing inguinal hernias in dogs.
{"title":"Minimally invasive glove port hernioscopy in a female dog with an intermittent hernia and abdominal mass: A case report","authors":"Catherine Konrad Nava Calva , Amanda Oliveira Paraguassú , Anna Vitória Hörbe , Felipe Auatt Batista de Sousa , Otávio Henrique de Melo Schiefler , Layla de Jesus Neri Cerqueira , Luna Silvestri Souto , Felipe Augusto Ruiz Sueiro , Andrigo Barboza de Nardi , Maurício Veloso Brun","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106086","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106086","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Minimally invasive surgery in small animals is constantly advancing, reducing tissue trauma, and improving diagnostic accuracy. This report documented the first use of hernioscopy associated with the glove port technique in a female dog with an partially reducible inguinal hernia. The 11-year-old patient exhibited a right inguinal swelling containing intestinal loops, concomitant with a extensive cystic intra-abdominal mass. An exploratory laparoscopy was performed through the inguinal hernia utilizing the glove port technique to establish multiport access without muscle wall incision. This method minimized tissue trauma and enabled comprehensive evaluation of the abdominal cavity, as well as partial mass resection. The procedure offered palliative benefits and introduced a novel application of laparoscopy for managing inguinal hernias in dogs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106086"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106069
Louis H. Maartens , Bruce Gummow , John D. Grewar , Peter N. Thompson , Jacqueline A. Picard
Bovine keratoconjunctivitis is a globally important inflammatory condition affecting the eyes of cattle. The reliable detection of Moraxella bovis and M. bovoculi on conjunctival specimens is crucial for observational studies aiming to unravel the complex epidemiology of this disease. The stability of Moraxella DNA was evaluated in three experiments using cotton wool swabs spiked with varying concentrations of sample suspensions and submitted either with or without DNA stabilizers. Swabs were subjected to different storage temperatures (4 °C or 25 °C), and DNA was extracted at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h using an automated system, followed by qPCR analysis. DNA from both species remained detectable on damp cotton-wool swabs under all conditions, indicating resilience to transport delays and cold-chain interruptions. Although MagNA Pure Bacteria Lysis Buffer and MagNA Pure DNA Tissue Lysis Buffer provided acceptable stabilization, specimen submission without stabilizers was analytically more sensitive, detecting Moraxella DNA at higher dilutions and yielding higher inferred DNA concentrations (lower Cq values). These results indicate that Moraxella specimens can be packaged for transport without stabilizing buffers.
{"title":"An evaluation of alternative buffers for the transport and detection of Moraxella bovis and M. bovoculi on cotton wool swabs","authors":"Louis H. Maartens , Bruce Gummow , John D. Grewar , Peter N. Thompson , Jacqueline A. Picard","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bovine keratoconjunctivitis is a globally important inflammatory condition affecting the eyes of cattle. The reliable detection of <em>Moraxella bovis</em> and <em>M. bovoculi</em> on conjunctival specimens is crucial for observational studies aiming to unravel the complex epidemiology of this disease. The stability of <em>Moraxella</em> DNA was evaluated in three experiments using cotton wool swabs spiked with varying concentrations of sample suspensions and submitted either with or without DNA stabilizers. Swabs were subjected to different storage temperatures (4 °C or 25 °C), and DNA was extracted at 0, 24, 48, and 72 h using an automated system, followed by qPCR analysis. DNA from both species remained detectable on damp cotton-wool swabs under all conditions, indicating resilience to transport delays and cold-chain interruptions. Although MagNA Pure Bacteria Lysis Buffer and MagNA Pure DNA Tissue Lysis Buffer provided acceptable stabilization, specimen submission without stabilizers was analytically more sensitive, detecting <em>Moraxella</em> DNA at higher dilutions and yielding higher inferred DNA concentrations (lower Cq values). These results indicate that <em>Moraxella</em> specimens can be packaged for transport without stabilizing buffers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106069"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-17DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106076
Jianli Shi , Chang Liu , Xiaoyan Wu , Yongming Wang , Chen Li , Jun Li
PMWS and MPS are severe respiratory diseases in piglets, causing developmental disorders and significant economic losses. The conventional approach to control these diseases relies on separate immunization with individual vaccines, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and may induce stress reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune efficacy of a bivalent inactivated vaccine containing the clinically isolated Mhp Q strain and purified PCV2 Cap VLPs. Thirty-five Changbai piglets were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 5, per group): A (bivalent inactivated vaccine with PCV2 challenged), B (bivalent inactivated vaccine with Mhp challenged), C (commercial PCV2 vaccine with PCV2 challenged), D (commercial Mps vaccine with Mhp challenged), E (sham-vaccinated with PCV2 challenged), F (sham-vaccinated with Mhp challenged), and G (sham-vaccinated with sham challenged). The immune efficacy results demonstrated that 5/5 protection with bivalent inactivated vaccine and 4/5 protection with commercial vaccine against PCV2 challenge, which was consistent with the serology results. The pneumonia lesion scores result demonstrated that the immune protection effect provided by the bivalent inactivated vaccine was comparable to that of the commercial Mps vaccines. Furthermore, the overall clinical trial results indicated that the bivalent inactivated vaccine was safe and controllable, with no adverse reactions observed in both age-matched and non-age-matched pigs. Following immunization, the pigs exhibited significant resistance to infections with both PCV2 and Mhp, reflecting a robust immunoprotective capacity. Collectively, these results support the bivalent inactivated vaccine as a safe and effective strategy for preventing and controlling PMWS and MPS, with promising potential for further clinical development.
PMWS和MPS是仔猪严重的呼吸道疾病，可造成发育障碍和重大经济损失。控制这些疾病的传统方法依赖于单独接种疫苗，这既耗时又费力，还可能引起应激反应。本研究的目的是评价含有临床分离的Mhp Q株和纯化的PCV2 Cap VLPs的二价灭活疫苗的免疫效果。将35头长白仔猪随机分为7组（每组5头）：A （PCV2攻毒二价灭活疫苗）、B （Mhp攻毒二价灭活疫苗）、C （PCV2攻毒市售PCV2疫苗）、D （Mhp攻毒市售Mps疫苗）、E（假攻毒PCV2疫苗）、F（假攻毒Mhp疫苗）、G（假攻毒疫苗）。二价灭活疫苗和市售疫苗对PCV2攻毒的免疫效果分别为5/5和4/5，与血清学结果一致。肺炎病变评分结果表明，二价灭活疫苗提供的免疫保护效果与市售的Mps疫苗相当。此外，总体临床试验结果表明，二价灭活疫苗是安全可控的，在年龄匹配和非年龄匹配的猪中均未观察到不良反应。免疫接种后，猪对PCV2和Mhp感染均表现出明显的抵抗力，反映出强大的免疫保护能力。总之，这些结果支持二价灭活疫苗作为预防和控制PMWS和MPS的安全有效策略，具有进一步临床开发的良好潜力。
{"title":"Evaluated the immune efficacy of a bivalent inactivated vaccine against post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome and mycoplasmal pneumonia of swine","authors":"Jianli Shi , Chang Liu , Xiaoyan Wu , Yongming Wang , Chen Li , Jun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>PMWS and MPS are severe respiratory diseases in piglets, causing developmental disorders and significant economic losses. The conventional approach to control these diseases relies on separate immunization with individual vaccines, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and may induce stress reactions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune efficacy of a bivalent inactivated vaccine containing the clinically isolated Mhp Q strain and purified PCV2 Cap VLPs. Thirty-five Changbai piglets were randomly divided into seven groups (<em>n</em> = 5, per group): A (bivalent inactivated vaccine with PCV2 challenged), B (bivalent inactivated vaccine with Mhp challenged), C (commercial PCV2 vaccine with PCV2 challenged), D (commercial Mps vaccine with Mhp challenged), E (sham-vaccinated with PCV2 challenged), F (sham-vaccinated with Mhp challenged), and G (sham-vaccinated with sham challenged). The immune efficacy results demonstrated that 5/5 protection with bivalent inactivated vaccine and 4/5 protection with commercial vaccine against PCV2 challenge, which was consistent with the serology results. The pneumonia lesion scores result demonstrated that the immune protection effect provided by the bivalent inactivated vaccine was comparable to that of the commercial Mps vaccines. Furthermore, the overall clinical trial results indicated that the bivalent inactivated vaccine was safe and controllable, with no adverse reactions observed in both age-matched and non-age-matched pigs. Following immunization, the pigs exhibited significant resistance to infections with both PCV2 and Mhp, reflecting a robust immunoprotective capacity. Collectively, these results support the bivalent inactivated vaccine as a safe and effective strategy for preventing and controlling PMWS and MPS, with promising potential for further clinical development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106076"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106074
Slawomir Gonkowski , Nariste Kadyralieva , Elena Vakonaki , Thomas Lamprakis , Manolis Tzatzarakis
Phthalates are commonly used in industry, contaminating the environment and harming living organisms. However, there is very limited information regarding farm animal exposure to these chemicals. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the levels of primary phthalate metabolites (monomethyl phthalate - MMP, monoethyl phthalate - MEP, mono-isobutyl phthalate - MiBP, monobutyl phthalate - MBP, monobenzyl phthalate - MBzP, mono-cyclohexyl phthalate - MCHP and mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate - MEHP) in dairy cows' hair. Hair samples were collected from dairy cows bred in three regions of Kyrgyzstan. Phthalate metabolite levels were analysed using the liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC–MS) method.
Phthalate metabolites were detected in dairy cow hair. MEHP was the most frequently observed (in 70.8% of samples), with a mean concentration (±standard deviation) of 27.3 ± 27.8 pg/mg. MiBP and MBP were found less frequently (in 60.4% of samples), with mean concentrations of 50.7 ± 103.9 pg/mg and 18.8 ± 31.7 pg/mg, respectively. MMP and MBzP were noted in 15% and 2.1% of the samples, respectively, and their mean concentrations were below the limit of detection (LOD). MEP and MCHP were not observed in hair samples in this study. Statistically significant differences in MEHP levels were noted between the regions included in the study.
The study has demonstrated that hair analysis is a suitable method for biomonitoring phthalates in cow's hair. Moreover, it has been shown that dairy cows in Kyrgyzstan are primarily exposed to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, di-isobutyl phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate, which are the parent substances of MEHP, MiBP, and MBP, respectively.
{"title":"Primary phthalate metabolite concentrations in the hair of dairy cows in Kyrgyzstan","authors":"Slawomir Gonkowski , Nariste Kadyralieva , Elena Vakonaki , Thomas Lamprakis , Manolis Tzatzarakis","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106074","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106074","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phthalates are commonly used in industry, contaminating the environment and harming living organisms. However, there is very limited information regarding farm animal exposure to these chemicals. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the levels of primary phthalate metabolites (monomethyl phthalate - MMP, monoethyl phthalate - MEP, mono-isobutyl phthalate - MiBP, monobutyl phthalate - MBP, monobenzyl phthalate - MBzP, mono-cyclohexyl phthalate - MCHP and mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate - MEHP) in dairy cows' hair. Hair samples were collected from dairy cows bred in three regions of Kyrgyzstan. Phthalate metabolite levels were analysed using the liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (LC–MS) method.</div><div>Phthalate metabolites were detected in dairy cow hair. MEHP was the most frequently observed (in 70.8% of samples), with a mean concentration (±standard deviation) of 27.3 ± 27.8 pg/mg. MiBP and MBP were found less frequently (in 60.4% of samples), with mean concentrations of 50.7 ± 103.9 pg/mg and 18.8 ± 31.7 pg/mg, respectively. MMP and MBzP were noted in 15% and 2.1% of the samples, respectively, and their mean concentrations were below the limit of detection (LOD). MEP and MCHP were not observed in hair samples in this study. Statistically significant differences in MEHP levels were noted between the regions included in the study.</div><div>The study has demonstrated that hair analysis is a suitable method for biomonitoring phthalates in cow's hair. Moreover, it has been shown that dairy cows in Kyrgyzstan are primarily exposed to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, di-isobutyl phthalate, and dibutyl phthalate, which are the parent substances of MEHP, MiBP, and MBP, respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106074"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106066
James Mettam , Nauman Zaheer Ghumman , Bao-Tao Liu , Henry Annandale , Jully Gogoi-Tiwari
Phenylalanine (Phe), an essential aromatic amino acid, is emerging as a potential biomarker of metabolic and health status in animals. Altered Phe concentrations reflect changes in metabolic, inflammatory, and disease processes. In companion animals, shifts in serum or biofluid Phe have been linked to hepatopathies, inflammatory enteropathies, and neoplastic conditions. In livestock, variations in milk or serum Phe accompany mastitis, metabolic stress, lameness, and other production-related disorders. Evidence for cats, horses, poultry, and aquaculture species remains limited. Interpretation is complicated by analytical variability, small sample sizes, and confounding factors such as diet, stress, and microbiome composition.
Non-invasive sampling of milk, urine, saliva, and breath, shows promise for Phe monitoring across animal species. Advances in multi-omics, particularly metabolomics, proteomics, and microbiome analyses, can clarify mechanisms and support development of composite biomarker panels. This review evaluates current evidence on Phe as a biomarker across species, highlights gaps in research coverage and methodology, and outlines priorities for future work. Expanding studies to underrepresented species, standardizing measurement protocols, and conducting longitudinal research. Addressing these priorities is essential to establish Phe as a robust biomarker, for veterinary diagnostics, health monitoring, and the optimization of animal welfare and production systems.
Short summary
This review looks at phenylalanine (Phe), an amino acid, as a possible health indicator in animals. Changes in Phe levels may show problems with metabolism, inflammation, or disease. Evidence is strongest for dogs and dairy cows, but limited for cats, horses, poultry, and fish. Results vary due to measurement methods and other factors. Future studies should standardize testing, include more species, and combine methods to improve Phe's usefulness in monitoring animal health.
{"title":"Phenylalanine as a biomarker of disease in animals: Current evidence and future perspectives","authors":"James Mettam , Nauman Zaheer Ghumman , Bao-Tao Liu , Henry Annandale , Jully Gogoi-Tiwari","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phenylalanine (Phe), an essential aromatic amino acid, is emerging as a potential biomarker of metabolic and health status in animals. Altered Phe concentrations reflect changes in metabolic, inflammatory, and disease processes. In companion animals, shifts in serum or biofluid Phe have been linked to hepatopathies, inflammatory enteropathies, and neoplastic conditions. In livestock, variations in milk or serum Phe accompany mastitis, metabolic stress, lameness, and other production-related disorders. Evidence for cats, horses, poultry, and aquaculture species remains limited. Interpretation is complicated by analytical variability, small sample sizes, and confounding factors such as diet, stress, and microbiome composition.</div><div>Non-invasive sampling of milk, urine, saliva, and breath, shows promise for Phe monitoring across animal species. Advances in multi-omics, particularly metabolomics, proteomics, and microbiome analyses, can clarify mechanisms and support development of composite biomarker panels. This review evaluates current evidence on Phe as a biomarker across species, highlights gaps in research coverage and methodology, and outlines priorities for future work. Expanding studies to underrepresented species, standardizing measurement protocols, and conducting longitudinal research. Addressing these priorities is essential to establish Phe as a robust biomarker, for veterinary diagnostics, health monitoring, and the optimization of animal welfare and production systems.</div></div><div><h3>Short summary</h3><div>This review looks at phenylalanine (Phe), an amino acid, as a possible health indicator in animals. Changes in Phe levels may show problems with metabolism, inflammation, or disease. Evidence is strongest for dogs and dairy cows, but limited for cats, horses, poultry, and fish. Results vary due to measurement methods and other factors. Future studies should standardize testing, include more species, and combine methods to improve Phe's usefulness in monitoring animal health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106066"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-04-01Epub Date: 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106073
Ana Luísa Martins , Joana Mourão , Irina Amorim , Luís Cardoso , João Rodrigo Mesquita
Animal shelters often operate under significant resource constraints while caring for large populations of dogs and cats, many of whom are affected by parasitic infections that impact animal health and pose zoonotic risks. These limitations hinder the implementation of standardized, evidence-based parasite control protocols. This study surveyed veterinarians working in Portuguese shelters to describe current antiparasitic treatment practices and identify key limitations. A structured questionnaire was distributed to veterinarians in shelters or kennels affiliated with ICBAS, University of Porto, collecting data on animal populations, location, diagnostic testing, and antiparasitic drug use. A total of 41 responses were analysed. Additionally, a cost analysis was performed using 2024 wholesale antiparasitic treatment prices, based on average weights (20 kg dogs, 5 kg cats). Commercially available products were reviewed for active ingredients, target parasites, and cost per treatment. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize responses; no inferential analyses were performed given the limited sample size. Ectoparasiticides were the most frequently used treatments, followed by broad-spectrum nematocides and cestocides. Only 12% of shelters reported conducting diagnostic testing prior to treatment. Drug selection was primarily influenced by cost and perceived efficacy. Commonly used compounds included praziquantel, pyrantel, fipronil, fenbendazole, and milbemycin oxime, several of which have reported resistance in parasite populations. Treatment costs ranged from €0.82 to €219 per dose for 20 kg dogs and €0.73 to €34.84 for 5 kg cats. The limited use of diagnostics and reliance on broad-spectrum drugs reflect a reactive rather than preventative approach. Findings underscore the need for improved diagnostic protocols and strategic drug selection to enhance parasite control and animal welfare.
{"title":"Antiparasitic practices in Portuguese animal shelters: A survey of veterinarians","authors":"Ana Luísa Martins , Joana Mourão , Irina Amorim , Luís Cardoso , João Rodrigo Mesquita","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106073","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106073","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animal shelters often operate under significant resource constraints while caring for large populations of dogs and cats, many of whom are affected by parasitic infections that impact animal health and pose zoonotic risks. These limitations hinder the implementation of standardized, evidence-based parasite control protocols. This study surveyed veterinarians working in Portuguese shelters to describe current antiparasitic treatment practices and identify key limitations. A structured questionnaire was distributed to veterinarians in shelters or kennels affiliated with ICBAS, University of Porto, collecting data on animal populations, location, diagnostic testing, and antiparasitic drug use. A total of 41 responses were analysed. Additionally, a cost analysis was performed using 2024 wholesale antiparasitic treatment prices, based on average weights (20 kg dogs, 5 kg cats). Commercially available products were reviewed for active ingredients, target parasites, and cost per treatment. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize responses; no inferential analyses were performed given the limited sample size. Ectoparasiticides were the most frequently used treatments, followed by broad-spectrum nematocides and cestocides. Only 12% of shelters reported conducting diagnostic testing prior to treatment. Drug selection was primarily influenced by cost and perceived efficacy. Commonly used compounds included praziquantel, pyrantel, fipronil, fenbendazole, and milbemycin oxime, several of which have reported resistance in parasite populations. Treatment costs ranged from €0.82 to €219 per dose for 20 kg dogs and €0.73 to €34.84 for 5 kg cats. The limited use of diagnostics and reliance on broad-spectrum drugs reflect a reactive rather than preventative approach. Findings underscore the need for improved diagnostic protocols and strategic drug selection to enhance parasite control and animal welfare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106073"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-25DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106147
Patricia López, Luna Gutiérrez-Cepeda, Francisco Miró
{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Assessment of the inter and intra-individual variability in the jump of agility dogs\" [Research in Veterinary Science 193 (2025) 105749].","authors":"Patricia López, Luna Gutiérrez-Cepeda, Francisco Miró","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106147","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":" ","pages":"106147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147521623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-20DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106153
María Fernanda Menajovsky, Gabriela M Ulloa, Julia E Fa, Daniel Montes, Stephan Funk, Pedro Mayor
Dried blood spots (DBS) on filter paper are widely used for serological diagnosis because they require minimal blood volumes and enable storage and transport without refrigeration, making them particularly useful in remote and resource-limited settings. However, DBS-based serology may be compromised by methodological variability and the lack of standardized preservation protocols. We evaluated the effects of preservation factors and quality indicators on DBS serological performance for Toxoplasma gondii, a pathogen with a broad host range and limited seasonal variability. We analyzed 787 dB samples from 17 mammal species collected by subsistence hunters in an Indigenous community in the northern Peruvian Amazon between 2008 and 2020. Recorded variables included filter paper type, time to cold-chain initiation, time to analysis, blood saturation, fungal contamination, and colorimetric values of reconstituted blood. Linear models with Type II ANOVA and AIC-based model selection were used to identify factors associated with seropositivity. Filter paper type was the primary determinant of serological outcomes, while severe fungal contamination was associated with reduced seropositivity. Colorimetric values were significantly related to serological results and may serve as a simple indicator of sample quality. These findings highlight the importance of standardized preservation protocols to minimize false negatives under tropical conditions. DBS-based serological studies should prioritize Protein Saver cards, limit fungal growth, and incorporate basic quality assessments to improve the reliability of wildlife disease surveillance within a One Health framework.
{"title":"Assessing antibody stability in filter paper-preserved blood samples for wildlife disease surveillance in tropical forests.","authors":"María Fernanda Menajovsky, Gabriela M Ulloa, Julia E Fa, Daniel Montes, Stephan Funk, Pedro Mayor","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dried blood spots (DBS) on filter paper are widely used for serological diagnosis because they require minimal blood volumes and enable storage and transport without refrigeration, making them particularly useful in remote and resource-limited settings. However, DBS-based serology may be compromised by methodological variability and the lack of standardized preservation protocols. We evaluated the effects of preservation factors and quality indicators on DBS serological performance for Toxoplasma gondii, a pathogen with a broad host range and limited seasonal variability. We analyzed 787 dB samples from 17 mammal species collected by subsistence hunters in an Indigenous community in the northern Peruvian Amazon between 2008 and 2020. Recorded variables included filter paper type, time to cold-chain initiation, time to analysis, blood saturation, fungal contamination, and colorimetric values of reconstituted blood. Linear models with Type II ANOVA and AIC-based model selection were used to identify factors associated with seropositivity. Filter paper type was the primary determinant of serological outcomes, while severe fungal contamination was associated with reduced seropositivity. Colorimetric values were significantly related to serological results and may serve as a simple indicator of sample quality. These findings highlight the importance of standardized preservation protocols to minimize false negatives under tropical conditions. DBS-based serological studies should prioritize Protein Saver cards, limit fungal growth, and incorporate basic quality assessments to improve the reliability of wildlife disease surveillance within a One Health framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"205 ","pages":"106153"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147514497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-03-19DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106150
Geovanna Vioti, João Augusto Franco Leonel, Trícia Maria Ferreira de Sousa Oliveira, Diogo Tiago da Silva, Maria Luana Alves, Andrea Cristina Higa Nakaghi, Lara Borges Keid, Luiz Ricardo Paes de Barros Cortez, Thayssa Duarte Costa, Rodrigo Martins Soares
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania infantum remains a major public health concern in endemic regions and has shown geographic expansion in recent decades. Accurate and accessible diagnostics are essential for detecting infection in canine reservoirs that sustain transmission. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) represents a promising alternative to PCR-based techniques, combining diagnostic accuracy with lower cost and operational simplicity. Five LAMP assays targeting kinetoplast DNA (kDNA), internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2), and the K26 gene were evaluated and compared with nested PCR targeting ITS1 (nPCR-ITS1). Most assays demonstrated species-level specificity for L. infantum, with the exception of the ITS2-targeting assay, which showed cross-amplification with Leishmania amazonensis. The kDNA-, ITS1-, and K26-targeting assays showed analytical sensitivity comparable to or higher than nPCR-ITS1. Considering its analytical performance and shared molecular target with the reference method, the ITS1-targeting assay (LAMP-P34) was selected for field evaluation. In canine samples from endemic and non-endemic areas, LAMP-P34 showed 80.4% sensitivity (37/46) and 100% specificity (0/58), using a reference panel based on nPCR-ITS1 positivity in lymph node or bone marrow samples to define infection and combined negative serology and molecular results to define non-infected dogs. Agreement with nPCR-ITS1 was almost perfect (κ = 0.887; 116/122, 95.1%). The high concordance with nPCR-ITS1 together with a simplified workflow underscores the potential of LAMP-P34 to expand access to molecular diagnosis and strengthen surveillance and control strategies in endemic areas.
{"title":"Laboratory and field evaluation of LAMP assays for canine visceral leishmaniasis diagnosis.","authors":"Geovanna Vioti, João Augusto Franco Leonel, Trícia Maria Ferreira de Sousa Oliveira, Diogo Tiago da Silva, Maria Luana Alves, Andrea Cristina Higa Nakaghi, Lara Borges Keid, Luiz Ricardo Paes de Barros Cortez, Thayssa Duarte Costa, Rodrigo Martins Soares","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania infantum remains a major public health concern in endemic regions and has shown geographic expansion in recent decades. Accurate and accessible diagnostics are essential for detecting infection in canine reservoirs that sustain transmission. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) represents a promising alternative to PCR-based techniques, combining diagnostic accuracy with lower cost and operational simplicity. Five LAMP assays targeting kinetoplast DNA (kDNA), internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2), and the K26 gene were evaluated and compared with nested PCR targeting ITS1 (nPCR-ITS1). Most assays demonstrated species-level specificity for L. infantum, with the exception of the ITS2-targeting assay, which showed cross-amplification with Leishmania amazonensis. The kDNA-, ITS1-, and K26-targeting assays showed analytical sensitivity comparable to or higher than nPCR-ITS1. Considering its analytical performance and shared molecular target with the reference method, the ITS1-targeting assay (LAMP-P34) was selected for field evaluation. In canine samples from endemic and non-endemic areas, LAMP-P34 showed 80.4% sensitivity (37/46) and 100% specificity (0/58), using a reference panel based on nPCR-ITS1 positivity in lymph node or bone marrow samples to define infection and combined negative serology and molecular results to define non-infected dogs. Agreement with nPCR-ITS1 was almost perfect (κ = 0.887; 116/122, 95.1%). The high concordance with nPCR-ITS1 together with a simplified workflow underscores the potential of LAMP-P34 to expand access to molecular diagnosis and strengthen surveillance and control strategies in endemic areas.</p>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"205 ","pages":"106150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147514552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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