Research in veterinary science最新文献_第4页

Diagnostic evaluation of a recombinant chimeric Sporothrix brasiliensis protein-based ELISA for serological detection of feline sporotrichosis 重组嵌合巴西孢子菌蛋白酶联免疫吸附试验对猫孢子菌病血清学检测的诊断价值

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106059

Débora Matilde de Almeida , Laura de Vargas Maiocchi , Natasha Rodrigues de Oliveira , Camila Moura de Lima , Martha Bravo Cruz Piñeiro , Gabriela Ladeira Sanzo , Tatiélen Hernandez Severo , Odir Antonio Dellagostin , Marcia de Oliveira Nobre , Sérgio Jorge

Sporotrichosis is a zoonotic infection caused by fungi of the Sporothrix schenkii complex, with S. brasiliensis being the most prevalent etiological agent in animals, particularly cats. Felines are highly susceptible to infection and may develop severe clinical forms characterized by extensive cutaneous lesions and systemic dissemination. In addition, infected cats play a major role in zoonotic transmission, as Sporothrix spp. can be transmitted to humans through bites and scratches. The gold standard for sporotrichosis diagnosis remains the isolation and identification of Sporothrix species from clinical samples, a process that requires prolonged culture prior to identification. However, the increasing number of cases highlights the need for a reliable, rapid, and cost-effective diagnostic method. This study aimed to develop an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the serodiagnosis of feline sporotrichosis using a recombinant chimeric S. brasiliensis protein. The antigen was designed from immunogenic fragments of two S. brasiliensis proteins, SsEno and Gp70, and expressed in a prokaryotic system. A total of 201 feline serum samples were analyzed, including 66 from cats diagnosed with sporotrichosis, 73 from healthy animals, and 62 from cats with other medical conditions. The assay demonstrated 97.0% sensitivity (95% CI: 89.4–99.6%) and 94.1% specificity (95% CI: 88.6%–97.4%). The recombinant chimeric antigen showed strong reactivity with sera from infected cats and no cross-reactivity with controls samples. These results indicate that this recombinant antigen-based ELISA is a simple, accurate, and low-cost diagnostic alternative with promising potential for validation and routine application in the diagnosis of feline sporotrichosis.

孢子菌病是一种由申氏孢子丝菌复合体真菌引起的人畜共患感染，其中巴西孢子丝菌是动物，特别是猫中最常见的病原。猫极易受到感染，并可能发展为严重的临床形式，其特征是广泛的皮肤病变和全身传播。此外，受感染的猫在人畜共患疾病传播中起主要作用，因为孢子丝虫可通过咬伤和抓伤传播给人类。孢子菌病诊断的金标准仍然是从临床样本中分离和鉴定孢子菌，这一过程需要在鉴定之前进行长时间的培养。然而，越来越多的病例强调需要一种可靠、快速和具有成本效益的诊断方法。本研究旨在建立一种间接酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA），利用重组嵌合巴西孢子虫蛋白诊断猫孢子虫病。该抗原由巴西葡萄球菌两种蛋白SsEno和Gp70的免疫原性片段设计而成，并在原核系统中表达。共分析了201份猫血清样本，其中66份来自被诊断患有孢子虫病的猫，73份来自健康动物，62份来自患有其他疾病的猫。该检测显示97.0%的敏感性（95% CI: 89.4-99.6%）和94.1%的特异性（95% CI: 88.6%-97.4%）。重组嵌合抗原与感染猫血清有较强的反应性，与对照无交叉反应性。这些结果表明，基于重组抗原的ELISA是一种简单、准确、低成本的诊断方法，在猫孢子虫病的诊断中具有验证和常规应用的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Q fever in the 21st century: Uncovering diagnostic, epidemiological, and one health gaps in a re-emerging zoonosis 21世纪的Q热：揭示再次出现的人畜共患病的诊断、流行病学和一个卫生缺口。

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106060

Foluke Olajumoke Jemilehin , Adelekan Oluseyi Okunlade , Ridwan Olamilekan Adesola , Happiness Chibuzo Obiechefu , Akeem Olayiwola Ahmed

Q fever, caused by the gram negative obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella burnetii, remains a globally relevant but underappreciated zoonosis in the 21st century. Despite decades of research, the disease continues to pose diagnostic, epidemiological, and clinical challenges that hinder timely recognition and effective management. This review aims to synthesize current advances in the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and diagnosis of C. burnetii, while critically examining the One Health gaps that sustain its persistence as a re-emerging zoonosis. We evaluate the strengths and limitations of existing diagnostic platforms, summarize recent progress in molecular epidemiology, and explore the underrecognized contributions of environmental and wildlife reservoirs to transmission. We further highlight disparities in surveillance and reporting, particularly in regions such as Africa and Asia, where the disease remains neglected. Looking ahead, we outline key priorities for research and practice. These include elucidating molecular mechanisms of host–pathogen interactions, identifying novel diagnostic biomarkers, deploying genomic epidemiology to capture global strain diversity, developing safer and more accessible vaccines, and operationalizing One Health frameworks to integrate veterinary, medical, and environmental surveillance. By clarifying these research and policy gaps, this review provides a roadmap for reducing the global burden of Q fever and offers broader insights into tackling other neglected zoonotic diseases at the human–animal–environment interface.

Q热是由革兰氏阴性专性胞内细菌伯纳克希菌引起的，在21世纪仍是一种与全球相关但未得到充分重视的人畜共患病。尽管进行了数十年的研究，但该病继续构成诊断、流行病学和临床方面的挑战，阻碍了及时识别和有效管理。本综述旨在综合目前在伯纳蒂菌流行病学、发病机制和诊断方面的进展，同时严格审查使其作为再次出现的人畜共患病持续存在的“同一个健康”差距。我们评估了现有诊断平台的优势和局限性，总结了分子流行病学的最新进展，并探讨了环境和野生水库对传播的未被充分认识的贡献。我们进一步强调监测和报告方面的差异，特别是在非洲和亚洲等疾病仍然被忽视的区域。展望未来，我们概述了研究和实践的重点。其中包括阐明宿主-病原体相互作用的分子机制，确定新的诊断性生物标志物，部署基因组流行病学以捕获全球菌株多样性，开发更安全、更容易获得的疫苗，以及实施“同一个健康”框架以整合兽医、医疗和环境监测。通过澄清这些研究和政策差距，本综述为减轻Q热的全球负担提供了路线图，并为在人-动物-环境界面处理其他被忽视的人畜共患疾病提供了更广泛的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Development and evaluation of recombinant protective antigen (rPA)-based indirect-ELISA for sero-monitoring of anthrax-specific antibodies in sheep 基于重组保护性抗原（rPA）间接elisa法检测绵羊炭疽特异性抗体的建立与评价

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106058

Sripada Sairam , Roopa Anandamurthy Hemanth , Suresh Bindu , Mandrira Ramakrishna Namrutha , Anand Shirisha , Pillenahalli Sadashivappa Pooja , Awadhesh Prajapati , Revanaiah Yogisharadhya , Nihar Nalini Mohanty , Sandeep Kumar Singh , Mohammed Mudassar Chanda , Sathish Bhadravati Shivachandra

Protective antigen (PA), a key exotoxin of Bacillus anthracis, is involved in the pathogenesis of anthrax, leading to ‘sudden death’ of affected herbivores. PA is also known to induce protective neutralizing antibodies following vaccination. Although an effective anthrax live spore vaccine is used to immunize susceptible animals, pre- and post-vaccination antibody titres are not regularly monitored, which is of immunological significance in endemic areas, and it is important to evaluate the vaccine efficacy at the field level. Hence, this study describes a standardized indirect-ELISA, a simple and rapid immuno-assay based on recombinant protective antigen (603 aa, ∼67 kDa) to detect anti-PA-specific IgG antibodies in sheep serum samples to assess serological evidence of exposure and/or vaccination to anthrax. Further, rPA-iELISA was used to assess prevailing antibody titers in randomly collected sheep (n = 1289) serum samples from three different states representing anthrax-endemic (Telangana) and non-endemic (Punjab and Haryana) geographical regions of India. A standardized rPA antigen (200 ng/well) based indirect-ELISA was found to possess an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.980 and 95 % CI of 0.932–0.992 with sensitivity of 93.7 %, and specificity of 94.9 % (p < 0.001) against an optimal cut-off criterion of >25.3 PP (>0.46 OD). A higher degree of sero-positivity in Telangana (>66.98 %), and a lower positivity was noted in Punjab and Haryana (6.83 % and 15.95 %, respectively) among sheep. The study indicated the potential utility of rPA-iELISA for sero-monitoring of anthrax / anti-PA-specific IgG antibodies in sheep.

保护性抗原（PA）是炭疽芽孢杆菌的一种关键外毒素，它参与炭疽的发病机制，导致受感染的食草动物“猝死”。已知PA在接种疫苗后也可诱导保护性中和抗体。虽然使用有效的炭疽活孢子疫苗对易感动物进行免疫，但未定期监测疫苗接种前后的抗体滴度，这在流行地区具有免疫学意义，对实地评价疫苗效力具有重要意义。因此，本研究描述了一种标准化的间接elisa，一种基于重组保护性抗原（603 aa, ~ 67 kDa）的简单快速免疫检测方法，用于检测绵羊血清样本中的抗pa特异性IgG抗体，以评估炭疽暴露和/或接种炭疽疫苗的血清学证据。此外，rPA-iELISA用于评估随机收集的绵羊（n = 1289）血清样本的流行抗体滴度，这些样本来自代表印度炭疽流行（特伦甘纳邦）和非炭疽流行（旁遮普邦和哈里亚纳邦）地理区域的三个不同邦。标准化rPA抗原（200 ng/孔）间接elisa法的曲线下面积（AUC）为0.980,95% CI为0.932 ~ 0.992，灵敏度为93.7%，特异性为94.9% (p < 0.001)，最佳截止标准为25.3 PP （>0.46 OD）。泰伦甘纳羊血清阳性程度较高（66.98%），旁遮普和哈里亚纳羊血清阳性程度较低（分别为6.83%和15.95%）。本研究提示rPA-iELISA在绵羊炭疽/抗pa特异性IgG抗体血清监测中的潜在应用价值。

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引用次数: 0

Biomechanical evaluation of a cemented femoral stem for canine total hip replacement across two breeds 两个犬种全髋关节置换术中骨水泥股骨干的生物力学评价。

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2026.106057

K.S. Kamalesh Kumar , Rohit Kumar , T. Sai Kumar , Aman Kumar Tiwari , Abhishek C. Saxena , O.R. Vinodh Kumar , Bhanu Pratap Singh , Abhijit Pawde , Amarpal

Cemented total hip replacement (THR) remains an established procedure for restoring hip joint function in dogs with degenerative or traumatic coxofemoral disease; however, limited evidence exists regarding the mechanical integrity and load-transfer characteristics of cemented femoral stem constructs within native canine femora. This study critically evaluated the biomechanical performance of a novel modular cemented femoral stem using cadaveric femora from German Shepherd Dogs (GSDs) and Labrador Retrievers (LABs), emphasizing axial, bending, and torsional behaviors in correlation with radiographic and morphometric parameters. Eighteen pairs of adult canine femora were harvested postmortem, with one side implanted following standardized second-generation cementation protocols and the contralateral side retained intact. Following radiographic and CT-based templating, specimens underwent displacement-controlled axial compression, three-point bending, and torsion tests. Cemented implantation significantly reduced ultimate compressive, bending, and torsional strengths compared to intact femora (p < 0.05), though stiffness remained unaffected, suggesting preservation of elastic response despite altered failure thresholds. GSD femora consistently exhibited greater load-bearing capacity, yield strength, and energy absorption than LABs, reflecting breed-specific variations in cortical geometry and canal morphology. Radiographs confirmed precise stem alignment, uniform cement mantles averaging 5 mm, and consistent canal fill exceeding 60 %, indicative of optimized cementation. Failure patterns transitioned from brittle cortical fractures in intact specimens to ductile interfacial shear at the bone-cement interface in implanted constructs, demonstrating efficient load redistribution through the composite system. Collectively, these findings highlight the mechanical reliability and breed-dependent adaptability of the cemented THR system, supporting its translational potential for achieving durable fixation and functional load transfer in canine clinical applications while offering valuable insights relevant to comparative orthopedic biomechanics.

骨水泥全髋关节置换术（THR）仍然是恢复退行性或外伤性髋股疾病犬髋关节功能的一种成熟手术；然而，关于原生犬股骨内骨水泥股骨干结构的机械完整性和载荷传递特性的证据有限。本研究利用德国牧羊犬（gsd）和拉布拉多猎犬（LABs）的尸体股骨，严格评估了新型模块化骨水泥股骨干的生物力学性能，强调了轴向、弯曲和扭转行为与x线摄影和形态测量参数的相关性。18对成年犬股骨在死后取出，一侧按照标准化的第二代骨水泥方案植入，对侧完整保留。在x线摄影和基于ct的模板之后，标本进行了位移控制的轴向压缩、三点弯曲和扭转测试。与完整股骨相比，骨水泥植入显著降低了最终的抗压、弯曲和扭转强度(p

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引用次数: 0

The availability of outdoor spaces enhances social play in dairy cows 室外空间的可用性增强了奶牛的社交性

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.106048

Alfredo Di Lucrezia , Daria Lotito , Valeria Iervolino , Pietro Lombardi , Biagio D'Aniello , Vincenzo Mastellone

Social behaviors are widely recognized as valuable indicators of animal welfare. This study examined the behavioral profiles of two groups of cows: one with daytime access to an open outdoor area and one housed exclusively in a free-stall barn. Observations were conducted when both groups were in the same indoor environment, allowing for a direct comparison of their behavioral expressions. Cows with outdoor access engaged significantly more in social play, while no statistically significant differences were observed for other social behaviors such as allogrooming, social rubbing, or submission/avoidance. Since play behavior typically emerges under favorable psychological conditions, these findings suggest that outdoor access during the day contributes to enhanced psychological wellbeing, with positive effects that persist even when cows return to the confined barn setting. In contrast, negative social interactions such as submission/ avoidance were expressed at similar levels across both groups, indicating that access to open space may not be sufficient to mitigate all forms of social stress.

社会行为被广泛认为是动物福利的有价值的指标。这项研究检查了两组奶牛的行为特征：一组白天可以进入露天区域，另一组只饲养在自由马厩里。观察时，两组在相同的室内环境，允许直接比较他们的行为表达。有户外活动的奶牛明显更多地参与社交游戏，而在其他社交行为（如异体梳理、社交摩擦或服从/回避）方面没有统计学上的显著差异。由于玩耍行为通常出现在良好的心理条件下，这些研究结果表明，白天的户外活动有助于增强心理健康，即使奶牛回到密闭的谷仓环境，其积极影响也会持续存在。相比之下，消极的社会互动，如服从/回避，在两个群体中表达的水平相似，这表明进入开放空间可能不足以减轻所有形式的社会压力。

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引用次数: 0

Detection of Brucella spp. in compost-bedding pack barn and its relationship with infections in dairy cows during the transition period 过渡时期堆肥垫料堆场布鲁氏菌的检测及其与奶牛感染的关系

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.106047

Marcilene Daniel Damasceno , Maysa Serpa Gonçalves , Maria Eduarda de Souza Teixeira Campos , Amanda Carvalho Rosado Ferreira , Dircéia Aparecida Costa Custódio , Eduarda Moraes Magossi Silva , Vivian Aparecida Malta , Alice Gonçalves dos Reis , Bruno Borges Silva , Ana Clara de Serpa Carvalho , Júlia Lima Paz , Pedro Felipe Rodrigues e Oliveira , Bruno Campos de Carvalho , Guilherme Nunes Souza , Carine Rodrigues Pereira , Elaine Maria Seles Dorneles , Alessandro de Sá Guimarães

Compost-bedded pack barn (CBP) is a used intensive system for dairy cow confinement, however, information about the possible role of the bed in the maintenance and transmission of pathogens among housed animals is still scarce. This study investigates the presence of Brucella spp. in dairy cows in the transition period housed in CBP and the detection of the pathogen in the CBP. The analyzes were conducted using samples of CBP and samples from cows up to 45 days post-partum from 20 different farms in Goiás and Minas Gerais states, Brazil. Animals were tested for the presence of anti-Brucella antibodies. Samples of vaginal swab, endometrial sample and CBP were tested for the presence of Brucella spp. using conventional PCR targeting the bscp31 gene, as a screening test, and the real-time PCR targeting the IS711 gene, as confirmatory test. A total of 16 [16/20 (80 %)] properties exhibited at least one positive animal in at least one test (serology or molecular tests), and four [4/20 (25 %)] of these properties had at least one positive animal in at least two tests performed. Additionally, three CBP [3/44 (6.88 %)] showed PCR positive result to Brucella spp. The results demonstrated the presence of Brucella spp. in sample collected from dairy cows in transition period housed in CBP and the bed of the system, suggesting the CBP may have a role in brucellosis transmission in the system, by favoring the spread of the agent and transmission to other housed cows.

堆肥床窝（CBP）是一种用于奶牛禁闭的集约化系统，然而，关于床在饲养动物之间维持和传播病原体方面可能发挥的作用的信息仍然很少。本研究调查了饲养过渡期奶牛的布鲁氏菌感染情况及在CBP内的病原体检测情况。对来自巴西Goiás和米纳斯吉拉斯州20个不同农场的CBP样本和产后45天的奶牛样本进行了分析。对动物进行了抗布鲁氏菌抗体检测。对阴道拭子样本、子宫内膜样本和CBP样本进行布鲁氏菌的检测，采用常规PCR检测bscp31基因作为筛选试验，实时PCR检测IS711基因作为确认试验。共有16种[16/20(80%)]特性在至少一项试验（血清学或分子试验）中至少有一种动物呈阳性，其中4种[4/20(25%)]特性在至少两项试验中至少有一种动物呈阳性。另外，3头CBP[3/44(6.88%)]对布鲁氏菌的PCR检测结果呈阳性，表明在隔离区和隔离区床床的过渡期奶牛样本中均存在布鲁氏菌，提示CBP可能在隔离区布鲁氏菌病的传播中发挥了作用，有利于病原体的传播并传播给其他圈养奶牛。

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引用次数: 0

Establishment of detection method of chicken infectious anemia virus based on CRISPR/Cas12a system 基于CRISPR/Cas12a系统的鸡传染性贫血病毒检测方法的建立。

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.106046

Chenchen Sheng , Jingfang Wang , Mengyuan Tan , jingwen Zhang , Mengran Sun , Jiumeng Sun , Ying Shao , Jian Tu , Liangqiang Zhu , Xiangjun Song

Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus (CIAV) causes chicken infectious anemia, characterized by anemia and immune dysfunction. The rapid dissemination of this virus is generating substantial economic consequences for poultry producers.

The CRISPR/Cas12a system is widely used for virus detection through crRNA-guided target recognition and the paracrine activity of Cas12a. To enable rapid and highly sensitive detection of Chicken Infectious Anemia Virus (CIAV), a CRISPR-Cas12a-based fluorescence assay was refined. Through optimization of the CRISPR/Cas12a system and integration of enzymatic recombinase amplification (ERA), the assay achieved a detection limit of 1 copy/μL, demonstrating its significant utility for CIAV diagnostics. In addition, a CRISPR/Cas12a lateral flow assay was developed and optimized, achieving a sensitivity of 10^3 copies/μL for the rapid and visual detection of target analytes. This technique exhibits high specificity for CIAV, showing no cross-reactivity with other chicken viruses. Overall, the system enables rapid CIAV detection with cost-effective equipment, making it suitable for virus monitoring.

鸡传染性贫血病毒（CIAV）引起鸡传染性贫血，以贫血和免疫功能障碍为特征。这种病毒的迅速传播正在给家禽生产者造成严重的经济后果。CRISPR/Cas12a系统通过crrna引导的靶标识别和Cas12a的旁分泌活性被广泛用于病毒检测。为了快速、高灵敏度地检测鸡传染性贫血病毒（CIAV），改进了一种基于crispr - cas12的荧光检测方法。通过对CRISPR/Cas12a系统的优化和酶重组酶扩增（ERA）的整合，该方法的检出限达到1拷贝/μL，证明了其在CIAV诊断中的重要应用。此外，建立并优化了CRISPR/Cas12a横向流动检测方法，灵敏度为10^3 copies/μL，可快速、直观地检测目标分析物。该技术对CIAV具有高特异性，与其他鸡病毒无交叉反应性。总体而言，该系统能够使用经济高效的设备快速检测CIAV，使其适用于病毒监测。

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引用次数: 0

Escherichia coli strains from wild birds in Türkiye: Antibiotic resistance, virulence factors and phylogroups 来自<s:1>基耶野生鸟类的大肠杆菌菌株：抗生素耐药性、毒力因子和系群。

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2025-12-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.106045

Doğancan Yarım, Emre Karakaya, Fuat Aydın, Seçil Abay

This study aimed to isolate and identify Escherichia coli (E. coli) from the feces of wild bird species and to determine antibiotic susceptibilities, phylogroups, and virulence genes in the isolates obtained.

For this purpose, a total of 575 fecal samples from 100 Eurasian Tree Sparrow, 250 Eurasian Jackdaw, 156 Eurasian Magpie, 4 Short-toed Snake-Eagle, 60 Rock dove, and 5 Long-legged Buzzard were used. E. coli isolation was performed using direct inoculation on MacConkey agar. The isolates were identified through phenotypic tests, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). The susceptibility of the isolates to nine antibiotics was determined by the disk diffusion method. Phylogroups and the presence of virulence genes were determined by Clermont typing and the multiplex PCR (mPCR) methods, respectively. Among 575 feces samples, E. coli was isolated from 37 (6.43 %). The highest antibiotic resistance was found in ampicillin, azithromycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole at 35.1 %. Moreover, 43.2 % of the E. coli isolates were detected as Multidrug-Resistant (MDR), and these isolates exhibited 13 different MDR patterns by demonstrating resistance to three to eight various antibiotic classes. While the most common phylogroup detected among isolates was A (18.9 %), none belonged to phylogroups C and F. 72.9 % had at least one virulence gene. The most frequently detected virulence gene was stx1 + stx2 (32.4 %), and all isolates were negative for bfpA and lt genes.

In conclusion, considering the role of birds of prey in the ecological balance, the data obtained in this study suggest that wild birds may contribute to the spread of pathogenic and antibiotic-resistant E. coli strains globally.

本研究旨在从野生鸟类粪便中分离和鉴定大肠杆菌（E. coli），并对分离得到的菌株进行抗生素敏感性、系统群和毒力基因的测定。为此，共收集了100只欧亚树雀、250只欧亚寒鸦、156只欧亚喜鹊、4只短趾蛇鹰、60只岩鸽和5只长腿秃鹰的粪便样本575份。采用麦康基琼脂直接接种法分离大肠杆菌。通过表型检测、基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（MALDI-TOF-MS）和聚合酶链反应（PCR）对分离菌株进行鉴定。采用纸片扩散法测定菌株对9种抗生素的药敏。分别用clemont分型法和多重PCR （mPCR）法测定系统群和毒力基因的存在。575份粪便标本中，检出大肠杆菌37份（6.43%）。抗生素耐药性最高的是氨苄西林、阿奇霉素和甲氧苄啶-磺胺甲恶唑，占35.1%。此外，43.2%的大肠杆菌分离株被检测为耐多药（MDR），这些分离株表现出13种不同的耐多药模式，对3至8种不同的抗生素类具有耐药性。在分离株中检测到的最常见的系统群是A(18.9%)，而不属于系统群C和f。72.9%至少有一个毒力基因。最常见的毒力基因为stx1 + stx2(32.4%)，所有分离株bfpA和lt基因均为阴性。综上所述，考虑到猛禽在生态平衡中的作用，本研究获得的数据表明，野生鸟类可能促进了致病性和耐药大肠杆菌菌株在全球的传播。

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引用次数: 0

Dietary nano‑chromium picolinate enhances interferon-gamma expression in heat-stressed broilers vaccinated against Newcastle disease 饲粮纳米吡啶甲酸铬可提高接种新城疫热应激肉鸡的干扰素γ表达。

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.106044

Farhad Hajializadeh , Alireza Talebi , Raziallah Jafari Jozani

Poultry immunity is negatively impacted by heat stress (HS), resulting in reduced efficacy of vaccines. In this study, we determined whether dietary chromium (III) picolinate (CrPic) and the nano formulation (Nano-CrPic) could help alleviate the negative effects of HS on cellular immunity in vaccinated broilers against Newcastle disease (ND). Ross 308 broilers were subjected to continuing heat exposure and received supplementations of either CrPic or Nano-CrPic at 500, 1000, or 1500 ppb. Following ND vaccination, we quantified the expression of IFN-γ mRNA from splenic tissues. Importantly, IFN-γ expression increased between about 2.5–4 fold in vaccinated versus control broilers at 3 days after vaccination. In addition, under HS conditions, Nano-CrPic at 500 and 1000 ppb increased IFN-γ expression by 35–50 % compared to broilers in the HS Controls (p < 0.01) and 20–30 % compared to broilers fed traditional CrPic at comparable levels of supplementation. On the other hand, no significant change in IFN-γ expression was observed following either CrPic or Nano-CrPic supplementation in non-vaccinated birds. Supplementation with Nano-CrPic at the highest-level of 1500 ppb had diminished enhancements on IFN-γ expression, suggesting a non-linear dose-response pattern. The findings indicate that dietary supplementation using Nano-CrPic at 500–1000 ppb provides a practical means of improving cellular immunity responses that are generated after vaccination, particularly in heat-stressed broilers, thereby improving potential vaccination response under heat stress.

家禽的免疫力受到热应激（HS）的负面影响，导致疫苗的效力降低。在本研究中，我们研究了饲粮中添加吡啶甲酸铬（CrPic）和纳米配方（nano -CrPic）是否有助于缓解HS对接种新城疫（ND）肉鸡细胞免疫的负面影响。Ross 308肉鸡接受持续的热暴露，并接受500、1000或1500 ppb的CrPic或纳米CrPic补充。接种ND疫苗后，我们定量分析脾脏组织中IFN-γ mRNA的表达。重要的是，在接种疫苗后3天，接种疫苗的肉鸡的IFN-γ表达量比对照增加了约2.5-4倍。此外，在HS条件下，与HS对照组相比，500和1000 ppb的纳米crpic使IFN-γ的表达增加了35- 50%

{"title":"Dietary nano‑chromium picolinate enhances interferon-gamma expression in heat-stressed broilers vaccinated against Newcastle disease","authors":"Farhad Hajializadeh , Alireza Talebi , Raziallah Jafari Jozani","doi":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.106044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.106044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poultry immunity is negatively impacted by heat stress (HS), resulting in reduced efficacy of vaccines. In this study, we determined whether dietary chromium (III) picolinate (CrPic) and the nano formulation (Nano-CrPic) could help alleviate the negative effects of HS on cellular immunity in vaccinated broilers against Newcastle disease (ND). Ross 308 broilers were subjected to continuing heat exposure and received supplementations of either CrPic or Nano-CrPic at 500, 1000, or 1500 ppb. Following ND vaccination, we quantified the expression of IFN-γ mRNA from splenic tissues. Importantly, IFN-γ expression increased between about 2.5–4 fold in vaccinated versus control broilers at 3 days after vaccination. In addition, under HS conditions, Nano-CrPic at 500 and 1000 ppb increased IFN-γ expression by 35–50 % compared to broilers in the HS Controls (<em>p</em> < 0.01) and 20–30 % compared to broilers fed traditional CrPic at comparable levels of supplementation. On the other hand, no significant change in IFN-γ expression was observed following either CrPic or Nano-CrPic supplementation in non-vaccinated birds. Supplementation with Nano-CrPic at the highest-level of 1500 ppb had diminished enhancements on IFN-γ expression, suggesting a non-linear dose-response pattern. The findings indicate that dietary supplementation using Nano-CrPic at 500–1000 ppb provides a practical means of improving cellular immunity responses that are generated after vaccination, particularly in heat-stressed broilers, thereby improving potential vaccination response under heat stress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21083,"journal":{"name":"Research in veterinary science","volume":"200 ","pages":"Article 106044"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145864842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Remedial effects of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from Arthrospira platensis against Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) toxicity on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) 平节螺旋藻细胞外聚合物（EPS）对浅头海鲷（Sparus aurata）邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）毒性的治疗作用

IF 1.8 3区农林科学 Q1 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Research in veterinary science

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.106041

Amira Bemri , Fethi Jebali , Jihene Ammar , Tahar Gharred , Jamel Jebali , Hamadi Guerbej , Hatem Ben Ouada , Zied Bouraoui

Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is an organic compound of phthalate, commonly used in the production of various plastic materials and its detrimental effects on marine ecosystems and human health have a great concern. Bioactive compounds derived from microalgae have numerous biological and pharmacological activities and their remedial role in alleviating the adverse effects of toxicity induced by environmental and other agents has also been reported. Thus, in this work, we carried out studies to ascertain if exopolysaccharides (EPS) extracted from Arthrospira platensis (Cyanobacteria) would ameliorate DBP-induced toxicity in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), used as model organism, focusing on growth performance, oxidative stress, neurotoxicity, histopathological changes in liver and intestine, and muscle nutritional quality. Firstly, fish in triplicate were fed separately a supplemented diet with 0 % (control group) and 6 % of EPS (EPS group) for 21 days. Consequently, each group were intraperitoneally exposed to DBP at a concentration of 85 μg /kg body weight. The results showed that DBP impaired growth, induced antioxidant-oxidative stress imbalance and caused genotoxicity and liver and intestine damage. Also, DBP disrupted muscle proximate composition and fatty acid profiles. Interestingly, feeding the DBP-exposed fish with EPS partially restored, histopathological damage in liver and intestine, antioxidant markers, lipid balance, notably improving the ω3/ω6 ratio, likely through EPS's antioxidant and metabolic regulatory effects.

Overall, this study offered further insights on the antioxidative and chemopreventive properties of exopolysaccharides (EPS) extracted from Arthrospira platensis to modulate fish health and to enhance growth and protect against DBP-induced toxicity.

邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）是邻苯二甲酸酯的一种有机化合物，常用于生产各种塑料材料，其对海洋生态系统和人类健康的有害影响已引起极大关注。从微藻中提取的生物活性化合物具有许多生物学和药理学活性，在减轻环境和其他物质引起的毒性不良影响方面也有报道。因此，在这项工作中，我们进行了研究，以确定从Arthrospira platensis（蓝藻）中提取的外多糖（EPS）是否会改善dbp诱导的对作为模式生物的gilhead seabream （Sparus aurata）的毒性，重点研究生长性能、氧化应激、神经毒性、肝脏和肠道的组织病理学变化以及肌肉营养质量。首先，3个重复分别饲喂添加0%（对照组）和6% EPS （EPS组）的饲料，为期21 d。因此，各组腹腔内暴露于浓度为85 μg /kg体重的DBP。结果表明，DBP损害生长，诱导抗氧化应激失衡，造成遗传毒性和肝、肠损伤。此外，DBP破坏了肌肉的近端组成和脂肪酸谱。有趣的是，给暴露于dbp的鱼喂食EPS可以部分恢复肝脏和肠道的组织病理学损伤、抗氧化标志物、脂质平衡，显著改善ω3/ω6比率，这可能是通过EPS的抗氧化和代谢调节作用。总的来说，本研究进一步揭示了从platarthrospira platensis中提取的外多糖（EPS）的抗氧化和化学预防特性，以调节鱼类健康，促进生长和保护免受dbp诱导的毒性。

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引用次数: 0