Jie Teng, Fang Liu, Li Chang, Qiu-xia Yang, Guanglu Che, Shuyu Lai, Yuan Tan, Jiaxin Duan, Yongmei Jiang
Abstract It is very important to detect pathogenic bacteria, viruses, or fungi in a patient’s secretion or body fluid samples as soon as possible to determine the patient’s recovery. For certain pathogens, the amount of ribosomal RNA copies contained is often tens of thousands of times higher than the amount of DNA copies, so the detection of RNA has higher sensitivity. In addition, whether for DNA pathogens or RNA pathogens, the direct detection of ribonucleic acid transcribed by pathogens in vivo can distinguish active infection or past infection, can eliminate the influence of residual DNA of pathogens that have died in the lesions, and can also avoid excessive medical interventions for transient infections, which is of great significance in the field of infectious pathogen detection. Isothermal amplification technology played important roles in molecular diagnosis because of its significant advantages. Highly sensitive RNA detection can be achieved by both direct transcription amplification and indirect amplification based on reverse transcription. Direct transcription amplification technologies relies on reverse transcriptase and T7 RNA polymerase to achieve linear transcription amplification of RNA on one-step; while the indirect amplification technology depends on a reverse transcriptional process at the beginning of the reaction. Both methods have outstanding advantages in clinical application, and commercial kits and commercial all-in-one machines based on these principles have been put into clinical use. This review mainly introduces the clinical application of isothermal amplification technologies in the detection of RNA pathogens and the main difficulties faced at this stage. It is hoped to provide insightful ideas for the construction of pathogen RNA detection technology to meet the needs of point-of-care testing in the future.
{"title":"RNA-based isothermal amplification technology and its clinical application in pathogen infection","authors":"Jie Teng, Fang Liu, Li Chang, Qiu-xia Yang, Guanglu Che, Shuyu Lai, Yuan Tan, Jiaxin Duan, Yongmei Jiang","doi":"10.1515/revac-2022-0051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revac-2022-0051","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract It is very important to detect pathogenic bacteria, viruses, or fungi in a patient’s secretion or body fluid samples as soon as possible to determine the patient’s recovery. For certain pathogens, the amount of ribosomal RNA copies contained is often tens of thousands of times higher than the amount of DNA copies, so the detection of RNA has higher sensitivity. In addition, whether for DNA pathogens or RNA pathogens, the direct detection of ribonucleic acid transcribed by pathogens in vivo can distinguish active infection or past infection, can eliminate the influence of residual DNA of pathogens that have died in the lesions, and can also avoid excessive medical interventions for transient infections, which is of great significance in the field of infectious pathogen detection. Isothermal amplification technology played important roles in molecular diagnosis because of its significant advantages. Highly sensitive RNA detection can be achieved by both direct transcription amplification and indirect amplification based on reverse transcription. Direct transcription amplification technologies relies on reverse transcriptase and T7 RNA polymerase to achieve linear transcription amplification of RNA on one-step; while the indirect amplification technology depends on a reverse transcriptional process at the beginning of the reaction. Both methods have outstanding advantages in clinical application, and commercial kits and commercial all-in-one machines based on these principles have been put into clinical use. This review mainly introduces the clinical application of isothermal amplification technologies in the detection of RNA pathogens and the main difficulties faced at this stage. It is hoped to provide insightful ideas for the construction of pathogen RNA detection technology to meet the needs of point-of-care testing in the future.","PeriodicalId":21090,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"301 - 313"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89507303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Paper is the most abundant and inexpensive polymeric structure of cellulose available. Paper has micro-porous capillary-like networks which are responsible for flow of solvents instead of pumps or electronic power, making paper an ideally usable tool. Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices use fabricated paper devices on which hydrophilic zones are formed within hydrophobic barriers. Hydrophilic zones act as regions for actual analytical purposes, whereas hydrophobic zones act to demarcate separate zones from one another. Clinically, these devices have been proved to be excellent point-of-care-devices in diagnosis which can bypass use of costly and time-consuming laboratory techniques. In the presented review, the basic principles and components involved in the design of paper-based devices were then summarised in understandable manner. Further, various applications in different fields were also compiled in the form of text under different sections and tables. Paper-based analytical devices may serve as an excellent tool in variety of analytical works as these techniques are simple, rapid, economic, and require less human power or trainings. They have prominent applications in analysis of biological fluids, drugs/metabolites, food stuffs, colorants, biomarkers, and several other fields.
{"title":"Paper-based microfluidic devices: Fabrication, detection, and significant applications in various fields","authors":"S. Das, Gagandeep, R. Bhatia","doi":"10.1515/revac-2022-0037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revac-2022-0037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Paper is the most abundant and inexpensive polymeric structure of cellulose available. Paper has micro-porous capillary-like networks which are responsible for flow of solvents instead of pumps or electronic power, making paper an ideally usable tool. Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices use fabricated paper devices on which hydrophilic zones are formed within hydrophobic barriers. Hydrophilic zones act as regions for actual analytical purposes, whereas hydrophobic zones act to demarcate separate zones from one another. Clinically, these devices have been proved to be excellent point-of-care-devices in diagnosis which can bypass use of costly and time-consuming laboratory techniques. In the presented review, the basic principles and components involved in the design of paper-based devices were then summarised in understandable manner. Further, various applications in different fields were also compiled in the form of text under different sections and tables. Paper-based analytical devices may serve as an excellent tool in variety of analytical works as these techniques are simple, rapid, economic, and require less human power or trainings. They have prominent applications in analysis of biological fluids, drugs/metabolites, food stuffs, colorants, biomarkers, and several other fields.","PeriodicalId":21090,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"13 1","pages":"112 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75013902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. M. Salem, Mohamed A. Abdel-Lateef, Mohamed A. Abdel Hamid, Hany A. Batakoushy
Abstract An anthelmintic, rafoxanide (RF), is frequently used in veterinary medicine to cure fascioliasis in cattle and sheep. A sensitive, quick, and selective detection of RF in its pharmaceutical preparation and in human urine was achieved through developing a new electrochemical sensor. The suggested method relied on the electro-oxidation of RF that used a modified carbon paste electrode in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, which acts as an anionic surfactant. Voltammetric types were utilized in RF analysis, and these methods were cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse techniques. The suggested electro-analytical method’s validity is verified using the International Council on Harmonization (ICH/Q2) rules. The calibration curve for RF quantification was done in the concentration range from 2.9 × 10−6 to 3.1 × 10−4 M at cadmium sulfide modified carbon paste electrode. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification LOQ were found to be 6.7 × 10−7 M and 2.01 × 10−6 M, respectively. This study could be applied to the examined drug in QC-laboratory units, and also RF could be assayed in its pharmacokinetic studies. Graphical abstract
{"title":"Fabrication of ultra-sensitive carbon paste electrode with nanocomposite CdS modification for electroanalysis of rafoxanide in dosage form and biological fluids","authors":"W. M. Salem, Mohamed A. Abdel-Lateef, Mohamed A. Abdel Hamid, Hany A. Batakoushy","doi":"10.1515/revac-2022-0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revac-2022-0048","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An anthelmintic, rafoxanide (RF), is frequently used in veterinary medicine to cure fascioliasis in cattle and sheep. A sensitive, quick, and selective detection of RF in its pharmaceutical preparation and in human urine was achieved through developing a new electrochemical sensor. The suggested method relied on the electro-oxidation of RF that used a modified carbon paste electrode in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, which acts as an anionic surfactant. Voltammetric types were utilized in RF analysis, and these methods were cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse techniques. The suggested electro-analytical method’s validity is verified using the International Council on Harmonization (ICH/Q2) rules. The calibration curve for RF quantification was done in the concentration range from 2.9 × 10−6 to 3.1 × 10−4 M at cadmium sulfide modified carbon paste electrode. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification LOQ were found to be 6.7 × 10−7 M and 2.01 × 10−6 M, respectively. This study could be applied to the examined drug in QC-laboratory units, and also RF could be assayed in its pharmacokinetic studies. Graphical abstract","PeriodicalId":21090,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"14 1","pages":"267 - 274"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81133016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Cho, Van-An Duong, Jeong-Hun Mok, MinJoong Joo, Jong-Moon Park, Hookeun Lee
Abstract Glycation is a spontaneous post-translational modification of lysine, arginine, and the N-terminus of proteins. Protein glycation is closely related to the pathogenesis of human diseases, including diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, renal disease, and cancer. The levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are positively correlated with the progression of many diseases. However, it remains challenging to analyze glycation-related products, such as reactive carbonyl species, Schiff bases, Amadori compounds, and AGEs, because of their high heterogeneity. Many analysis methods, such as fluorescence detection, immunoassays, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, have attempted to correlate glycation products with diseases. Some enrichment methods have been used to increase the probability of detection of glycated proteins due to their low abundance in blood plasma. This review summarizes the enrichment and analysis methods that are currently used to identify glycation as a disease biomarker in exploratory studies.
{"title":"Enrichment and analysis of glycated proteins","authors":"S. Cho, Van-An Duong, Jeong-Hun Mok, MinJoong Joo, Jong-Moon Park, Hookeun Lee","doi":"10.1515/revac-2022-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revac-2022-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Glycation is a spontaneous post-translational modification of lysine, arginine, and the N-terminus of proteins. Protein glycation is closely related to the pathogenesis of human diseases, including diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, renal disease, and cancer. The levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are positively correlated with the progression of many diseases. However, it remains challenging to analyze glycation-related products, such as reactive carbonyl species, Schiff bases, Amadori compounds, and AGEs, because of their high heterogeneity. Many analysis methods, such as fluorescence detection, immunoassays, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, have attempted to correlate glycation products with diseases. Some enrichment methods have been used to increase the probability of detection of glycated proteins due to their low abundance in blood plasma. This review summarizes the enrichment and analysis methods that are currently used to identify glycation as a disease biomarker in exploratory studies.","PeriodicalId":21090,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"57 1","pages":"83 - 97"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84682235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The inherent complexity of the human biological matrix and its importance in modern medical diagnosis and medical research promote the development of modern analytical technology. Solid-phase microextraction technology has been widely used in the treatment and analysis of different complex biological matrices due to its smaller sample size, simpler sample preparation and setting, and lower consumption of harmful chemicals. This review provides updated information on headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography technique applications, focusing on the analysis of volatile and semivolatile compounds in human biological matrices. The application of headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography techniques in human biological matrix analysis is mainly summarized into three aspects, namely, to discover biomarkers, to investigate volatile metabolomics, and to explore the effect of the external environment on volatile metabolomics of the human biological matrix. In addition, the frequently used statistical analytical methods are summarized, and the application prospect of solid-phase microextraction in the analysis of human biological matrices is proposed.
{"title":"Applications of headspace solid-phase microextraction in human biological matrix analysis","authors":"X. Ji","doi":"10.1515/revac-2022-0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revac-2022-0042","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The inherent complexity of the human biological matrix and its importance in modern medical diagnosis and medical research promote the development of modern analytical technology. Solid-phase microextraction technology has been widely used in the treatment and analysis of different complex biological matrices due to its smaller sample size, simpler sample preparation and setting, and lower consumption of harmful chemicals. This review provides updated information on headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography technique applications, focusing on the analysis of volatile and semivolatile compounds in human biological matrices. The application of headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography techniques in human biological matrix analysis is mainly summarized into three aspects, namely, to discover biomarkers, to investigate volatile metabolomics, and to explore the effect of the external environment on volatile metabolomics of the human biological matrix. In addition, the frequently used statistical analytical methods are summarized, and the application prospect of solid-phase microextraction in the analysis of human biological matrices is proposed.","PeriodicalId":21090,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"16 1","pages":"180 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82394960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this work, spectrophotometric identification of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), paracetamol (PCM), and caffeine (CAF) (common cold infection drugs) in human urine samples was investigated. For ASA, PCM, and CAF, chemometric analysis of human urine samples has proved successful. Spectrophotometric analysis of common cold infection drugs was performed using multivariate calibration methods (principal component regression [PCR] and partial least-squares regression). For the simultaneous prediction of common cold infection drugs in prepared mixes and human urine samples without prior separation, two spectrophotometric-chemometric approaches were proposed. The synthetic mixes were made with common cold infection drugs in the first stage, and the absorbance values were obtained using spectrophotometry. The quantities of common cold infection drugs in the human urine sample were calculated in the second stage. The calibration curves for each medication are linear in the concentration range of the synthetic mixes. The two methods were tested for accuracy and repeatability, and high recoveries and low standard deviations were calculated. sum of prediction residual errors, observation limit, and detection limit, and % recovery values, which are the analytical properties of the proposed methods, were 0.00029, 0.096, and 0.290, respectively; 0.0069, 0.086, and 0.260; 0.0077, 0.094, and 0.285; 0.0049, 0.066, and 0.199 for PCM, ASA, and CAF for the principal component regression method, respectively; 0.0059, 0.066, and 0.199; 0.0065, 0.069, and 0.210. The results produced using the employed chemometric methods are quick, easy, and consistent. The proposed methods are extremely sensitive and precise and have thus been effectively employed to detect active chemicals (ASA, PCM, and CAF) in human urine samples.
{"title":"Chemometric determination of common cold infection drugs in human urine","authors":"G. Ertokus","doi":"10.1515/revac-2022-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revac-2022-0040","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, spectrophotometric identification of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), paracetamol (PCM), and caffeine (CAF) (common cold infection drugs) in human urine samples was investigated. For ASA, PCM, and CAF, chemometric analysis of human urine samples has proved successful. Spectrophotometric analysis of common cold infection drugs was performed using multivariate calibration methods (principal component regression [PCR] and partial least-squares regression). For the simultaneous prediction of common cold infection drugs in prepared mixes and human urine samples without prior separation, two spectrophotometric-chemometric approaches were proposed. The synthetic mixes were made with common cold infection drugs in the first stage, and the absorbance values were obtained using spectrophotometry. The quantities of common cold infection drugs in the human urine sample were calculated in the second stage. The calibration curves for each medication are linear in the concentration range of the synthetic mixes. The two methods were tested for accuracy and repeatability, and high recoveries and low standard deviations were calculated. sum of prediction residual errors, observation limit, and detection limit, and % recovery values, which are the analytical properties of the proposed methods, were 0.00029, 0.096, and 0.290, respectively; 0.0069, 0.086, and 0.260; 0.0077, 0.094, and 0.285; 0.0049, 0.066, and 0.199 for PCM, ASA, and CAF for the principal component regression method, respectively; 0.0059, 0.066, and 0.199; 0.0065, 0.069, and 0.210. The results produced using the employed chemometric methods are quick, easy, and consistent. The proposed methods are extremely sensitive and precise and have thus been effectively employed to detect active chemicals (ASA, PCM, and CAF) in human urine samples.","PeriodicalId":21090,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"109 1","pages":"158 - 167"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88053614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Analysis of complex samples in environmental matrices poses extreme challenge for analytical chemists as the number of known and unknown compounds are numerous and have varying physical and chemical properties. The introduction, over the past decade, of comprehensive two-dimensional (2D) gas chromatography (GC × GC) paired with mass spectrometry (MS) has tremendously changed the analytical profiles of ultra-trace levels of organic pollutants from different environmental media. This review article provides a summary of selected articles using comprehensive 2D GC/MS-based methodologies from January 2014 to August 2019. The applications of various MS detectors, such as single (Q) and triple (QqQ) quadrupole, low resolution and high resolution time-of-flight (TOF), and the hybrid (quadrupole TOF-MS), coupled to GC × GC, and their benefits for analyzing persistent and emerging organic pollutants when applied to different environmental matrices were discussed. Emphasis was given to reviewing some applications of GC × GC-electron capture detector (ECD) and GC × GC-μECD within the specified period as these detectors have improved selectivity and sensitivity toward halogenated (bromine and chloride) compounds found in ultra-trace levels of environmental media.
{"title":"A review of the application of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography MS-based techniques for the analysis of persistent organic pollutants and ultra-trace level of organic pollutants in environmental samples","authors":"Oliver Vaye, R. S. Ngumbu, Dan Xia","doi":"10.1515/revac-2022-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revac-2022-0034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Analysis of complex samples in environmental matrices poses extreme challenge for analytical chemists as the number of known and unknown compounds are numerous and have varying physical and chemical properties. The introduction, over the past decade, of comprehensive two-dimensional (2D) gas chromatography (GC × GC) paired with mass spectrometry (MS) has tremendously changed the analytical profiles of ultra-trace levels of organic pollutants from different environmental media. This review article provides a summary of selected articles using comprehensive 2D GC/MS-based methodologies from January 2014 to August 2019. The applications of various MS detectors, such as single (Q) and triple (QqQ) quadrupole, low resolution and high resolution time-of-flight (TOF), and the hybrid (quadrupole TOF-MS), coupled to GC × GC, and their benefits for analyzing persistent and emerging organic pollutants when applied to different environmental matrices were discussed. Emphasis was given to reviewing some applications of GC × GC-electron capture detector (ECD) and GC × GC-μECD within the specified period as these detectors have improved selectivity and sensitivity toward halogenated (bromine and chloride) compounds found in ultra-trace levels of environmental media.","PeriodicalId":21090,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"16 1","pages":"63 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84268234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Khairi Mustafa Salem Fahelelbom, A. Saleh, M. Al-Tabakha, A. Ashames
Abstract Qualitative Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has long been established and implemented in a wide variety of fields including pharmaceutical, biomedical, and clinical fields. While the quantitative applications are yet to reach their full potential, this technique is flourishing. It is tempting to shed light on modern engaging and the applicability of analytical quantitative FTIR spectroscopy in the aforementioned fields. More importantly, the credibility, validity, and generality of the application will be thoroughly demonstrated by reviewing the latest published work in the scientific literature. Utilizing FTIR spectroscopy in a quantitative approach in pharmaceutical, biomedical, and interdisciplinary fields has many undeniable advantages over traditional procedures. An insightful account will be undertaken in this regard. The technique will be introduced as an appealing alternative to common methods such as high performance liquid chromatography. It is anticipated that the review will offer researchers an update of the current status and prospect on the subject among the pharmacy and biomedical sciences both in academic and industrial fields.
{"title":"Recent applications of quantitative analytical FTIR spectroscopy in pharmaceutical, biomedical, and clinical fields: A brief review","authors":"Khairi Mustafa Salem Fahelelbom, A. Saleh, M. Al-Tabakha, A. Ashames","doi":"10.1515/revac-2022-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revac-2022-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Qualitative Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy has long been established and implemented in a wide variety of fields including pharmaceutical, biomedical, and clinical fields. While the quantitative applications are yet to reach their full potential, this technique is flourishing. It is tempting to shed light on modern engaging and the applicability of analytical quantitative FTIR spectroscopy in the aforementioned fields. More importantly, the credibility, validity, and generality of the application will be thoroughly demonstrated by reviewing the latest published work in the scientific literature. Utilizing FTIR spectroscopy in a quantitative approach in pharmaceutical, biomedical, and interdisciplinary fields has many undeniable advantages over traditional procedures. An insightful account will be undertaken in this regard. The technique will be introduced as an appealing alternative to common methods such as high performance liquid chromatography. It is anticipated that the review will offer researchers an update of the current status and prospect on the subject among the pharmacy and biomedical sciences both in academic and industrial fields.","PeriodicalId":21090,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"77 1","pages":"21 - 33"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81243820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract During the production process of some copper clad laminate (CCL), the content of 3,3,5,7,7-pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepane in prepreg can affect the cross-linking and curing degree of resin directly, and thereby affect the properties of CCL. In this article, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with partial least square regression using high performance liquid chromatography as a reference method were used for the determination of 3,3,5,7,7-pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepane in the CCL production progress. 160 spectra of prepreg samples randomly formed the calibration set, and 50 spectra of prepreg samples formed the validation set. The value of the root mean square error of calibration (w/w) and root mean square error of prediction (w/w) were 0.011% and 0.013% for 3,3,5,7,7-pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepane content (%, w/w), and the calculation and validation of the regression equation resulted in high correlation coefficients of 0.99 and 0.98, respectively. The scatter plot value of calibration set which was obtained from the root mean square error of cross-validation (w/w) was 0.015%, and the regression equation resulted in high correlation coefficient of 0.98. The results of the paired t-test revealed that there was no significant difference between NIR and HPLC method. Thus, the results obtained in this study reflect that NIR could be used as a rapid, accurate, and simultaneous technique to determine 3,3,5,7,7-pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepane content of prepreg in the production process.
{"title":"Analysis of initiator content of prepreg by near-infrared spectroscopy","authors":"Qian Liu, Dan Li, Chiji Guan","doi":"10.1515/revac-2022-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revac-2022-0035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract During the production process of some copper clad laminate (CCL), the content of 3,3,5,7,7-pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepane in prepreg can affect the cross-linking and curing degree of resin directly, and thereby affect the properties of CCL. In this article, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy combined with partial least square regression using high performance liquid chromatography as a reference method were used for the determination of 3,3,5,7,7-pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepane in the CCL production progress. 160 spectra of prepreg samples randomly formed the calibration set, and 50 spectra of prepreg samples formed the validation set. The value of the root mean square error of calibration (w/w) and root mean square error of prediction (w/w) were 0.011% and 0.013% for 3,3,5,7,7-pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepane content (%, w/w), and the calculation and validation of the regression equation resulted in high correlation coefficients of 0.99 and 0.98, respectively. The scatter plot value of calibration set which was obtained from the root mean square error of cross-validation (w/w) was 0.015%, and the regression equation resulted in high correlation coefficient of 0.98. The results of the paired t-test revealed that there was no significant difference between NIR and HPLC method. Thus, the results obtained in this study reflect that NIR could be used as a rapid, accurate, and simultaneous technique to determine 3,3,5,7,7-pentamethyl-1,2,4-trioxepane content of prepreg in the production process.","PeriodicalId":21090,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"1 1","pages":"74 - 82"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75283778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Dandic, Katarina Rajkovača, Marija Jozanović, Iva Pukles, A. Széchenyi, Mateja Budetić, Mirela Samardžić
Abstract Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the first choice of treatment for rheumatic disorders and other degenerative inflammatory diseases. One of them, indomethacin (INDO), is highlighted in this study. With its analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties, it is one of the most powerful drugs used in various clinical trials and therapies related to the mechanism of blocking prostaglandin synthesis, thus reducing and eliminating many inflammatory conditions in patients. To ensure the efficacy and safety of this drug in pharmaceutical and clinical use, precise product quality control is required. Such control is performed with routine pharmaceutical analysis using various chemical methods by which INDO is identified as a separate active ingredient in the multicomponent system of a complete pharmaceutical form. In addition, the determination of INDO is important in clinical practice, where its concentration is determined in different biological samples, ensuring better monitoring of a particular therapy. The most commonly used methods for the determination of INDO are high-performance liquid chromatography (37% of developed methods), voltammetry (16% of developed methods), and UV spectroscopy (11% of developed methods). However, each of these methods must provide precise validation parameters. A combination of analytical methods can lead to more precise results and safer application in practice.
{"title":"Review of characteristics and analytical methods for determination of indomethacin","authors":"Andrea Dandic, Katarina Rajkovača, Marija Jozanović, Iva Pukles, A. Széchenyi, Mateja Budetić, Mirela Samardžić","doi":"10.1515/revac-2022-0032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/revac-2022-0032","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the first choice of treatment for rheumatic disorders and other degenerative inflammatory diseases. One of them, indomethacin (INDO), is highlighted in this study. With its analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties, it is one of the most powerful drugs used in various clinical trials and therapies related to the mechanism of blocking prostaglandin synthesis, thus reducing and eliminating many inflammatory conditions in patients. To ensure the efficacy and safety of this drug in pharmaceutical and clinical use, precise product quality control is required. Such control is performed with routine pharmaceutical analysis using various chemical methods by which INDO is identified as a separate active ingredient in the multicomponent system of a complete pharmaceutical form. In addition, the determination of INDO is important in clinical practice, where its concentration is determined in different biological samples, ensuring better monitoring of a particular therapy. The most commonly used methods for the determination of INDO are high-performance liquid chromatography (37% of developed methods), voltammetry (16% of developed methods), and UV spectroscopy (11% of developed methods). However, each of these methods must provide precise validation parameters. A combination of analytical methods can lead to more precise results and safer application in practice.","PeriodicalId":21090,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in Analytical Chemistry","volume":"54 1","pages":"34 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83968631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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