Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.25303/1811rjbt0200217
Vishnu Das, Danie Kingsley
Antibiotic-resistant microbes are a global threat, necessitating the need for new antibacterials. Bioactive compounds obtained from Asparagus racemosus and silver nanoparticles synthesized from it were tested for antibacterial activity. The nanoparticles exhibited a UV absorbance peak at 415nm. SEM image revealed elliptical nanoparticles from 32.6 nm to 78.6 nm while the FTIR study of aromatic amine N-H and C-O stretching indicates the stability of the silver nanoparticle. Zeta potential and XRD tests confirmed the presence of silver nanoparticles in the root extract under stable conditions. Methanolic root extract and silver nanoparticles were found to be very effective against Bacillus subtilis (20mm), Salmonella typhimurium (20mm), Escherichia coli (20mm), Klebsiella pneumoniae (18mm), Staphylococcus aureus (17mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15mm) in comparison to ampicillin. AutoDock Tools 1.5.7 was used to perform molecular docking of Shatavarin IV against target proteins involved in breast cancer (PDB ID: 3O96), bacterial infections (PDB ID: 2ZCO), viral infections angiotensin (PDB ID: 4APH) and inflammation (PDB ID: 7PHS). The respective best docking scores are -18.66, -18.07 -14.57 and -15.84 Kcal/Mol respectively. Sarsasapogenin and Kaempferol also showed favorable docking scores with specific target proteins. Shatavarin IV is found to target amino acid(s) and the standard drugs of each category such as Remdesivir for viral, Diclofenac for inflammation, Tamoxifen for cancer and Plazomicin for bacterial infections. This study reveals that Asparagus racemosus bioactive compound Shatavarin IV is a suitable lead compound for the treatment of cancer, viral, bacterial infections and inflammatory conditions.
{"title":"In silico and in vitro investigation of the role of Asparagus racemosus lead compound Shatavarin IV and associated silver nanoparticles","authors":"Vishnu Das, Danie Kingsley","doi":"10.25303/1811rjbt0200217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt0200217","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic-resistant microbes are a global threat, necessitating the need for new antibacterials. Bioactive compounds obtained from Asparagus racemosus and silver nanoparticles synthesized from it were tested for antibacterial activity. The nanoparticles exhibited a UV absorbance peak at 415nm. SEM image revealed elliptical nanoparticles from 32.6 nm to 78.6 nm while the FTIR study of aromatic amine N-H and C-O stretching indicates the stability of the silver nanoparticle. Zeta potential and XRD tests confirmed the presence of silver nanoparticles in the root extract under stable conditions. Methanolic root extract and silver nanoparticles were found to be very effective against Bacillus subtilis (20mm), Salmonella typhimurium (20mm), Escherichia coli (20mm), Klebsiella pneumoniae (18mm), Staphylococcus aureus (17mm) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15mm) in comparison to ampicillin. AutoDock Tools 1.5.7 was used to perform molecular docking of Shatavarin IV against target proteins involved in breast cancer (PDB ID: 3O96), bacterial infections (PDB ID: 2ZCO), viral infections angiotensin (PDB ID: 4APH) and inflammation (PDB ID: 7PHS). The respective best docking scores are -18.66, -18.07 -14.57 and -15.84 Kcal/Mol respectively. Sarsasapogenin and Kaempferol also showed favorable docking scores with specific target proteins. Shatavarin IV is found to target amino acid(s) and the standard drugs of each category such as Remdesivir for viral, Diclofenac for inflammation, Tamoxifen for cancer and Plazomicin for bacterial infections. This study reveals that Asparagus racemosus bioactive compound Shatavarin IV is a suitable lead compound for the treatment of cancer, viral, bacterial infections and inflammatory conditions.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sneha Subhash, Amma C.R. Krishna Kumari, Vargheese V. Winston, S. Sumathi
Asterias rubens constitutes saponins that represents a class of steroid oligoglycoside namely asterosaponins that has broad biological functions inclusive of anti-cancerous activity. The most common malignancy as well as the second largest cause of mortality related to cancer in women is breast carcinoma. The prime objective of this research is to assess the anti-cancer activity of Asterias rubens in its higher dilutions on MCF-7 cells and to evaluate the process of angiogenesis. In vitro cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT and SRB assay. To evaluate the long-term survival capacity and proliferative ability of MCF-7 cell line, colony forming assay was performed. CAM assay was performed to evaluate the angiogenic potential of Asterias rubens. It was observed that Asterias rubens showed significant anti-cancer activity. In the in vivo study, chick embryo treated with Asterias rubens showed angiogenesis. Asterias rubens in higher dilutions exhibited anti-cancer activity, signifying its utility as supportive medicine in cancer treatment.
{"title":"Asterias rubens in High Dilutions exhibiting Anti-Cancer Activity in Breast Cancer Cell Line: An in vitro Study","authors":"Sneha Subhash, Amma C.R. Krishna Kumari, Vargheese V. Winston, S. Sumathi","doi":"10.25303/1811rjbt034039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt034039","url":null,"abstract":"Asterias rubens constitutes saponins that represents a class of steroid oligoglycoside namely asterosaponins that has broad biological functions inclusive of anti-cancerous activity. The most common malignancy as well as the second largest cause of mortality related to cancer in women is breast carcinoma. The prime objective of this research is to assess the anti-cancer activity of Asterias rubens in its higher dilutions on MCF-7 cells and to evaluate the process of angiogenesis. In vitro cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT and SRB assay. To evaluate the long-term survival capacity and proliferative ability of MCF-7 cell line, colony forming assay was performed. CAM assay was performed to evaluate the angiogenic potential of Asterias rubens. It was observed that Asterias rubens showed significant anti-cancer activity. In the in vivo study, chick embryo treated with Asterias rubens showed angiogenesis. Asterias rubens in higher dilutions exhibited anti-cancer activity, signifying its utility as supportive medicine in cancer treatment.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135761201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.25303/1811rjbt01540164
Sachin S. Nayaka, V. Krishna, J. Narayana, Kumar S. Ravi, Kumar S.R. Santosh
High blood glucose level and gangrene wounds are becoming difficult to cure for the medical sciences nowadays. The goal of the current study is to assess the diabetic wound healing activity of Elaeagnus conferta leaf ethanol extract (LEE). The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of the LEE revealed the presence of total phenols (42.20 ± 1.3 μg/gm) and flavonoids (45.23 ± 1.2 μg/gm). HR-LCMS analysis of the LEE revealed the presence of 27 phytoconstituents, among them Telmisartan was expressed with higher concentration. Alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic rats were administered with LEE of Elaeagnus conferta and the extract was locally applied to excision, incision and dead space wound models of diabetic rats. LEE at the concentration of (200 mg /kg. /bw.) significantly reduced the blood glucose levels when compared to the untreated diabetic group. In excision wound models on 21st day of treatment, the percentage of epithelization was increased to 99.86±0.08 and in the incision model, tensile strength of the wound was increased to 798.7±37.08gm as compared to Povidine iodine ointment. In slico molecular docking studies of the Telmisartan ligand with the glycogen synthase kinase- 3 protein resulted with 2 hydrogen bonds and 13 hydrophobic interactions indicating the suppression of wound enhancing protein. Present study authenticates the antidiabetic property and wound healing efficacy of E. conferta leaf ethanol extract.
{"title":"Diabetic wound healing activity of Elaeagnus conferta Roxb. leaf ethanol extract","authors":"Sachin S. Nayaka, V. Krishna, J. Narayana, Kumar S. Ravi, Kumar S.R. Santosh","doi":"10.25303/1811rjbt01540164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt01540164","url":null,"abstract":"High blood glucose level and gangrene wounds are becoming difficult to cure for the medical sciences nowadays. The goal of the current study is to assess the diabetic wound healing activity of Elaeagnus conferta leaf ethanol extract (LEE). The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of the LEE revealed the presence of total phenols (42.20 ± 1.3 μg/gm) and flavonoids (45.23 ± 1.2 μg/gm). HR-LCMS analysis of the LEE revealed the presence of 27 phytoconstituents, among them Telmisartan was expressed with higher concentration. Alloxan monohydrate induced diabetic rats were administered with LEE of Elaeagnus conferta and the extract was locally applied to excision, incision and dead space wound models of diabetic rats. LEE at the concentration of (200 mg /kg. /bw.) significantly reduced the blood glucose levels when compared to the untreated diabetic group. In excision wound models on 21st day of treatment, the percentage of epithelization was increased to 99.86±0.08 and in the incision model, tensile strength of the wound was increased to 798.7±37.08gm as compared to Povidine iodine ointment. In slico molecular docking studies of the Telmisartan ligand with the glycogen synthase kinase- 3 protein resulted with 2 hydrogen bonds and 13 hydrophobic interactions indicating the suppression of wound enhancing protein. Present study authenticates the antidiabetic property and wound healing efficacy of E. conferta leaf ethanol extract.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the present investigation, different nitrile compounds synthesized earlier using one pot synthesis method were studied for Human Centromere Protein (CENP’s) binding potentials in silico so as to treat different types of cancers. An advanced auto dock 4.2 version was used for the study. Among 12 nitrile compounds studied, compound 2 (4-chloro,3cyano cumarin) and compound 11 (2-nitrile chromone) exhibited highest binding affinity to CENP-A,B,S and E proteins while rest of the nitrile compounds under study showed moderate degree of binding to CENP’s. Among 4.0 proteins studied, highest biding affinity of the compound 2 and 11 was recorded with protein A followed by B and E while least binding of the nitrile compounds was found to the protein S. Hence, from the above results viz. binding scores, hydrogen bond, Van der waals interactions of the nitrile compounds with the CENP’s, it can be concluded that the compounds 2 and 11 have the potential to develop as drugs for treating cancers targeting CENP proteins. However, further in vitro and in vivo investigations are required to develop as final drug.
{"title":"Human Centromere associated protein (CENP-A, B, S, N, E) binding potentials of Nitrile compounds: An in silico study","authors":"Madhavi Latha Duda, Amarnath Velidandi, Shyam Prasad Gurram","doi":"10.25303/1811rjbt018027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt018027","url":null,"abstract":"In the present investigation, different nitrile compounds synthesized earlier using one pot synthesis method were studied for Human Centromere Protein (CENP’s) binding potentials in silico so as to treat different types of cancers. An advanced auto dock 4.2 version was used for the study. Among 12 nitrile compounds studied, compound 2 (4-chloro,3cyano cumarin) and compound 11 (2-nitrile chromone) exhibited highest binding affinity to CENP-A,B,S and E proteins while rest of the nitrile compounds under study showed moderate degree of binding to CENP’s. Among 4.0 proteins studied, highest biding affinity of the compound 2 and 11 was recorded with protein A followed by B and E while least binding of the nitrile compounds was found to the protein S. Hence, from the above results viz. binding scores, hydrogen bond, Van der waals interactions of the nitrile compounds with the CENP’s, it can be concluded that the compounds 2 and 11 have the potential to develop as drugs for treating cancers targeting CENP proteins. However, further in vitro and in vivo investigations are required to develop as final drug.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Essential oils are capable of retaining vital medicinal benefits, however, there is a void in the research of biological activities of these oils in complex human disease models which is yet to be validated. For more explorations, we evaluated the medicinal activities of essential oil of A.galanga and A.nigra in order to find potent source of bioactive molecules, cytotoxicity and immuno stimulating activities of the essential oils from the rhizomes. We report immuno stimulating potential of these essential oils. Cytotoxicity of essential oil was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to evaluate the toxicity against normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The immunostimulatory activity on human lymphocytes was evaluated by using Th1 and Th2 cytokine estimations. Analysis of these essential oils through GC-MS revealed high content of 1, 8-cineole in both the oils (28.12% in A.galanga and 24% in A.nigra ). Both the rhizome oils showed significant increase in the number of lymphocytes than that of the control. The oils of A.galanga and A.nigra showed proliferative action on human PBMCs and an increase in both IL-5 and IFN-γ cytokine. As a result, no toxicity was recorded on human PBMCs. Major concentrations of 1,8-cineole and collaborative effects of the total composition of the rhizome oils were possibly accountable for the efficacy of these oils against human PBMCs. These essential oils can be considered as potential source of natural immunostimulatory agent in chemotherapy and also play important role in other immune suppressed diseases.
{"title":"Evaluation of Immunomodulatory activity of phytochemicals from Alpinia galanga and Alpinia nigra for potent immunostimulatory agent in chemotherapy","authors":"Swagatika Dash, Achary K. Gopinath, Shikha Singh","doi":"10.25303/1811rjbt049057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt049057","url":null,"abstract":"Essential oils are capable of retaining vital medicinal benefits, however, there is a void in the research of biological activities of these oils in complex human disease models which is yet to be validated. For more explorations, we evaluated the medicinal activities of essential oil of A.galanga and A.nigra in order to find potent source of bioactive molecules, cytotoxicity and immuno stimulating activities of the essential oils from the rhizomes. We report immuno stimulating potential of these essential oils. Cytotoxicity of essential oil was evaluated using 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to evaluate the toxicity against normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The immunostimulatory activity on human lymphocytes was evaluated by using Th1 and Th2 cytokine estimations. Analysis of these essential oils through GC-MS revealed high content of 1, 8-cineole in both the oils (28.12% in A.galanga and 24% in A.nigra ). Both the rhizome oils showed significant increase in the number of lymphocytes than that of the control. The oils of A.galanga and A.nigra showed proliferative action on human PBMCs and an increase in both IL-5 and IFN-γ cytokine. As a result, no toxicity was recorded on human PBMCs. Major concentrations of 1,8-cineole and collaborative effects of the total composition of the rhizome oils were possibly accountable for the efficacy of these oils against human PBMCs. These essential oils can be considered as potential source of natural immunostimulatory agent in chemotherapy and also play important role in other immune suppressed diseases.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.25303/1811rjbt01330141
Naga Lakshmi Annam, T.C. Venkateswarulu, S. Krupanidhi
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease with no known cause. It is a severe condition characterized by the accumulation of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) in the lungs, leading to difficulty in oxygen intake. In this study, the researchers aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of Curcuma longa and Tinospora cordifolia extracts in a mouse model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The mice were divided into groups and treated with either the extracts, pirfenidone (a commonly used IPF treatment), or a control. The effects of these treatments on lung edema, body weight, antioxidant enzyme activity, collagen content and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were assessed. The results showed that treatment with the extracts and pirfenidone led to improvements in lung edema and body weight compared to the bleomycin group. The extracts also exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by increasing the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes while reducing MPO activity. Furthermore, the extracts reduced collagen content, indicating a potential anti-fibrotic effect. Histological analysis of lung tissue confirmed the beneficial effects of the extracts, showing reduced lung damage, inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen deposition. These findings suggest that Curcuma longa and Tinospora cordifolia extracts may have therapeutic potential in treating IPF. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects of Curcuma longa and Tinospora cordifolia extracts in a bleomycin-induced mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to determine their efficacy in human IPF patients. These findings highlight the potential of traditional medicines as alternative or complementary treatments for IPF, offering advantages such as long-term duration, low adverse effects and stable therapeutic impact.
{"title":"In vivo study for Therapeutic Potential of Bioactive Compounds from Curcuma longa and Tinospora cordifolia against Pulmonary Fibrosis","authors":"Naga Lakshmi Annam, T.C. Venkateswarulu, S. Krupanidhi","doi":"10.25303/1811rjbt01330141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt01330141","url":null,"abstract":"Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an interstitial lung disease with no known cause. It is a severe condition characterized by the accumulation of excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) in the lungs, leading to difficulty in oxygen intake. In this study, the researchers aimed to investigate the potential therapeutic effects of Curcuma longa and Tinospora cordifolia extracts in a mouse model of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The mice were divided into groups and treated with either the extracts, pirfenidone (a commonly used IPF treatment), or a control. The effects of these treatments on lung edema, body weight, antioxidant enzyme activity, collagen content and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity were assessed. The results showed that treatment with the extracts and pirfenidone led to improvements in lung edema and body weight compared to the bleomycin group. The extracts also exhibited antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects by increasing the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes while reducing MPO activity. Furthermore, the extracts reduced collagen content, indicating a potential anti-fibrotic effect. Histological analysis of lung tissue confirmed the beneficial effects of the extracts, showing reduced lung damage, inflammatory cell infiltration and collagen deposition. These findings suggest that Curcuma longa and Tinospora cordifolia extracts may have therapeutic potential in treating IPF. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the potential anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory effects of Curcuma longa and Tinospora cordifolia extracts in a bleomycin-induced mouse model of pulmonary fibrosis. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and to determine their efficacy in human IPF patients. These findings highlight the potential of traditional medicines as alternative or complementary treatments for IPF, offering advantages such as long-term duration, low adverse effects and stable therapeutic impact.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charcoal rot is a fungal disease of soybean caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. Soybean contains proteins, vitamins and fats. It is an important source of nutrition in developing countries. In the present study, Macrophomina phaseolina Gmax20 was isolated from soybean-infected plant whereas Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus and Trichoderma crassum Gmaxr1 were isolated from a healthy soybean plant’s intact rhizospheric soil. The isolated antagonists were tested against the Macrophomina phaseolina Gmax20 under in vitro conditions. The results showed that T. crassum Gmaxr1 showed the highest inhibition percentage (16.98%, 23.08% and 54.04%) on 1st, 2nd and 3rd day than other selected antagonists against M. phaseolina Gmax20. Thus, due to the maximum inhibition percentage of T. crassum Gmaxr1 against M. phaseolina Gmax20, it can be exploited as a proficient bioagent for the management of charcoal rot disease.
{"title":"Antagonistic activity of Trichoderma crassum Gmaxr1 against Macrophomina phaseolina Gmax20 of the Soybean Crop","authors":"Ajay Raj Tripathi, Shiv Kumar Dwivedi","doi":"10.25303/1811rjbt011017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt011017","url":null,"abstract":"Charcoal rot is a fungal disease of soybean caused by Macrophomina phaseolina. Soybean contains proteins, vitamins and fats. It is an important source of nutrition in developing countries. In the present study, Macrophomina phaseolina Gmax20 was isolated from soybean-infected plant whereas Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus fumigatus and Trichoderma crassum Gmaxr1 were isolated from a healthy soybean plant’s intact rhizospheric soil. The isolated antagonists were tested against the Macrophomina phaseolina Gmax20 under in vitro conditions. The results showed that T. crassum Gmaxr1 showed the highest inhibition percentage (16.98%, 23.08% and 54.04%) on 1st, 2nd and 3rd day than other selected antagonists against M. phaseolina Gmax20. Thus, due to the maximum inhibition percentage of T. crassum Gmaxr1 against M. phaseolina Gmax20, it can be exploited as a proficient bioagent for the management of charcoal rot disease.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dumpala Pradeep, Gandham Vishnubabu, Anantha Ratnakumari, Brijesh Kumar, Kota Sobha
Biopolymer "Marine Chitosan" (MC) was extracted from the chitin of sea shrimp shells using standard protocol and was investigated for its morphological, elemental and biomedical applications. The extracted chitosan powder was first characterised by analytical techniques viz. XRD, FTIR, FESEM and UV-Vis/NIR spectroscopy. Then, the material was tested for its in vitro anti-oxidant assay using KMnO4 method with the highest mean inhibition of 96.94% at 1 mg/mL. MC showed a semi-crystalline phase investigated through XRD analysis and the FESEM presented non-spherical morphology with a mean particle size of 293 nm. The FTIR spectrum showed functional groups with O-H, N-H and C-O stretching. The anti-cancer activity determined on MCF-7 cell lines with an IC50 of approximately 71.45 μg and the optical property of MC-TiO2 composite with 19.16% higher absorbance than pure TiO2 at wavelength 808 nm could be applicable for photodynamic and photothermal therapy.
{"title":"Extraction and characterization of marine chitosan from sea shrimp shell and its biomedical applications","authors":"Dumpala Pradeep, Gandham Vishnubabu, Anantha Ratnakumari, Brijesh Kumar, Kota Sobha","doi":"10.25303/1811rjbt04048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt04048","url":null,"abstract":"Biopolymer \"Marine Chitosan\" (MC) was extracted from the chitin of sea shrimp shells using standard protocol and was investigated for its morphological, elemental and biomedical applications. The extracted chitosan powder was first characterised by analytical techniques viz. XRD, FTIR, FESEM and UV-Vis/NIR spectroscopy. Then, the material was tested for its in vitro anti-oxidant assay using KMnO4 method with the highest mean inhibition of 96.94% at 1 mg/mL. MC showed a semi-crystalline phase investigated through XRD analysis and the FESEM presented non-spherical morphology with a mean particle size of 293 nm. The FTIR spectrum showed functional groups with O-H, N-H and C-O stretching. The anti-cancer activity determined on MCF-7 cell lines with an IC50 of approximately 71.45 μg and the optical property of MC-TiO2 composite with 19.16% higher absorbance than pure TiO2 at wavelength 808 nm could be applicable for photodynamic and photothermal therapy.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135761202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.25303/1811rjbt01830191
Ramachandra Sowrabha, Doddamane Manjulakumari
Among mosquito-borne viral infections, dengue tops the list with a high prevalence of all four serotypes, especially in tropical regions. The disease has disseminated in over 100 countries and has become a global threat, mainly affecting young individuals. Detecting the dengue virus in clinical samples has a significant role in diagnosing, treating, epidemiology, surveillance, predicting outbreaks etc. To accomplish this, RT-PCR technology has become a practical way out. Although PCR has reached its cutting edge with its improved versions being available, the conventional form of it has still retained the standard for generating more accurate and reliable results cost-effectively. In the present study, the conventional RT-PCR protocol was normalized for detecting dengue viral RNA in infected clinical residual serum samples by adopting a few previous protocols with required modifications. This procedure, with necessary precautions considered particularly for residual samples, resulted in obtaining expected amplicon bands in three samples. Additionally, Sanger sequencing of the amplicons and NCBI nucleotide BLAST analysis of obtained sequences assured the RT-PCR outcomes. The benefits of using clinical residual samples in dengue research encouraged us to make the PCR protocol suitable for such samples by tackling their limitations.
{"title":"Normalization of RT-PCR protocol for detecting dengue viral RNA in infected clinical residual serum samples","authors":"Ramachandra Sowrabha, Doddamane Manjulakumari","doi":"10.25303/1811rjbt01830191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt01830191","url":null,"abstract":"Among mosquito-borne viral infections, dengue tops the list with a high prevalence of all four serotypes, especially in tropical regions. The disease has disseminated in over 100 countries and has become a global threat, mainly affecting young individuals. Detecting the dengue virus in clinical samples has a significant role in diagnosing, treating, epidemiology, surveillance, predicting outbreaks etc. To accomplish this, RT-PCR technology has become a practical way out. Although PCR has reached its cutting edge with its improved versions being available, the conventional form of it has still retained the standard for generating more accurate and reliable results cost-effectively. In the present study, the conventional RT-PCR protocol was normalized for detecting dengue viral RNA in infected clinical residual serum samples by adopting a few previous protocols with required modifications. This procedure, with necessary precautions considered particularly for residual samples, resulted in obtaining expected amplicon bands in three samples. Additionally, Sanger sequencing of the amplicons and NCBI nucleotide BLAST analysis of obtained sequences assured the RT-PCR outcomes. The benefits of using clinical residual samples in dengue research encouraged us to make the PCR protocol suitable for such samples by tackling their limitations.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.25303/1811rjbt01650170
V. Sivaranjani, P. Parthiban
Plant-based drugs have long been used worldwide as traditional medicines for treating various ailments. This study evaluated the in vitro anti-urolithiatic activity of Sesbania grandiflora root extract. In addition, the phytochemical characterization of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Sesbania grandiflora root was also carried out. Phytochemicals such as tannin, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, triterpenoids, polyphenol, glycoside and anthraquinone are present in both aqueous and ethanolic extract of Sesbania grandiflora root extract, while alkaloids were absent in aqueous extract and anthocyanins were absent in ethanolic extract. Of note, significant amounts of flavonoids, terpenoids and total phenol were found in Sesbania grandiflora root extract. Histochemical analysis further confirmed the presence of these phytochemicals. In vitro studies confirm that Sesbania grandiflora root extract exhibited a potent anti-urolithiatic activity.
{"title":"Phytochemical Screening and in vitro Studies on Anti-urolithiatic Activity of Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Root Extract","authors":"V. Sivaranjani, P. Parthiban","doi":"10.25303/1811rjbt01650170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt01650170","url":null,"abstract":"Plant-based drugs have long been used worldwide as traditional medicines for treating various ailments. This study evaluated the in vitro anti-urolithiatic activity of Sesbania grandiflora root extract. In addition, the phytochemical characterization of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Sesbania grandiflora root was also carried out. Phytochemicals such as tannin, saponins, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, triterpenoids, polyphenol, glycoside and anthraquinone are present in both aqueous and ethanolic extract of Sesbania grandiflora root extract, while alkaloids were absent in aqueous extract and anthocyanins were absent in ethanolic extract. Of note, significant amounts of flavonoids, terpenoids and total phenol were found in Sesbania grandiflora root extract. Histochemical analysis further confirmed the presence of these phytochemicals. In vitro studies confirm that Sesbania grandiflora root extract exhibited a potent anti-urolithiatic activity.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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