Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.25303/1901rjbt1260148
Y. Murti, K. K. Agrawal
Medicines derived from the bael plant (Aegle marmelos Linn.) have made immense contributions to the treatment of various health-related issues. Scientific studies have validated its use in different diseases like antioxidant, antidiarrheal, gastroprotective, anti-ulcerative colitis, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antiviral, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective and anticancer. Different phytochemicals like furocoumarins, aegeline, marmelosin, marmelin, aegelenine, O-methyl halfordinol, psoralen, alloimperatorin, scopoletin etc. present in different parts of the plant are responsible for the activities. As per the literature survey, there is a need for further experiments (both in vitro and in vivo) to find out the mechanism of action of identified bioactive compounds. The acute toxicity data of this plant extract also revealed the safety of this plant. In this review, it can be concluded that this plant has immense potential to be used in the area of drug design from natural lead molecules.
{"title":"Phytochemicals and Phytotherapeutic Studies on Different Parts of Aegle marmelos: A Critical Overview","authors":"Y. Murti, K. K. Agrawal","doi":"10.25303/1901rjbt1260148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1901rjbt1260148","url":null,"abstract":"Medicines derived from the bael plant (Aegle marmelos Linn.) have made immense contributions to the treatment of various health-related issues. Scientific studies have validated its use in different diseases like antioxidant, antidiarrheal, gastroprotective, anti-ulcerative colitis, antidiabetic, antibacterial, antiviral, hepatoprotective, cardioprotective and anticancer. Different phytochemicals like furocoumarins, aegeline, marmelosin, marmelin, aegelenine, O-methyl halfordinol, psoralen, alloimperatorin, scopoletin etc. present in different parts of the plant are responsible for the activities. As per the literature survey, there is a need for further experiments (both in vitro and in vivo) to find out the mechanism of action of identified bioactive compounds. The acute toxicity data of this plant extract also revealed the safety of this plant. In this review, it can be concluded that this plant has immense potential to be used in the area of drug design from natural lead molecules.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138985158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The global demand for lithium-ion batteries has raised concerns about environmental consequences stemming from lithium leaching. In this study, we investigated the effects of lithium, sourced from Li2SO4, on in vitro seed germination and seedling growth of green moong (Vigna radiata). Our experiments used woody plant medium supplemented with 1 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2 mg/l benzyl adenine (BA). We observed that in vitro seed germination remained unaffected by lithium concentration. However, at concentrations of 3-5 mg/l of lithium, significant changes were observed in stem parameters including growth reduction, shoot tip damage and stem discolouration. Root growth was inhibited at lithium concentrations of 4 and 5 mg/l. Additionally, we noted leaf abscission, dark colouration and reduced leaf area in a dose-dependent manner. Necrotic lesions were not observed in the seedlings. Chlorophyll accumulation, phenolic content and peroxidase (POD) activity showed enhancement with increasing lithium concentration. Our data analysis strongly suggests dose-dependent toxicity in young seedlings under in vitro conditions. These findings shed light on the potential ecological implications of lithium leaching from retired batteries.
{"title":"Detrimental Effects of Lithium on in vitro Seedlings of Pea (Vigna radiata)","authors":"Davis Dilsha, S. Narasimhan","doi":"10.25303/1901rjbt087090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1901rjbt087090","url":null,"abstract":"The global demand for lithium-ion batteries has raised concerns about environmental consequences stemming from lithium leaching. In this study, we investigated the effects of lithium, sourced from Li2SO4, on in vitro seed germination and seedling growth of green moong (Vigna radiata). Our experiments used woody plant medium supplemented with 1 mg/l naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 2 mg/l benzyl adenine (BA). We observed that in vitro seed germination remained unaffected by lithium concentration. However, at concentrations of 3-5 mg/l of lithium, significant changes were observed in stem parameters including growth reduction, shoot tip damage and stem discolouration. Root growth was inhibited at lithium concentrations of 4 and 5 mg/l. Additionally, we noted leaf abscission, dark colouration and reduced leaf area in a dose-dependent manner. Necrotic lesions were not observed in the seedlings. Chlorophyll accumulation, phenolic content and peroxidase (POD) activity showed enhancement with increasing lithium concentration. Our data analysis strongly suggests dose-dependent toxicity in young seedlings under in vitro conditions. These findings shed light on the potential ecological implications of lithium leaching from retired batteries.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138984901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dang Thanh Long, Van Thi My Le, Hoàng Thị Ngọc Hân, Tong Thi Hue, Hoang Thi Kim Hong
Helicteres hirsuta Lour. contains highly bioactive compounds that have therapeutic effects on many diseases, hence are used to make medicines from most parts of the plant. We optimize using the RSM surface response method based on Design Expert 11 software (Stat-Ease Inc, Minneapolis, USA) and analyze LC-MS/MS method and some other biochemical methods of methanol extraction from leaves of H. hirsuta L. collection Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam. The results identified the ideal parameters for extracting the greatest total flavonoids from leaves of H. hirsuta L. as follows: Times (30 minutes); methanol solvent concentration (52.2407%); ultrasonic frequency (12.4253); and material/solvent ratio (1:19.9145 (w/v)). The total flavonoid value obtained was 7.78425 (mg Catechin/g extract). The actual experiment obtained an actual value of 7.538 (mg Catechin/g extract). The results obtained 22 compounds of a flavonoid nature (61.111%) appearing in the purified methanol fractional extract. These compounds can inhibit DPPH free radicals at 50% with an IC50 value of 521.498 g/mL and they also have inhibitory activity against the growth of cancer cell lines under study with IC50 values ranging from 104.02 to 188.48 g/mL. The best cytotoxic effect of methanol extract from leaves of H. hirsute L. on human leukemia cell line (HL-60) with IC50 was 104.02 μg/mL. The results obtained indicate that leaves of H. hirsute L. have prospective uses as therapeutic herbs in antioxidant and cancer cell-inhibiting properties.
Helicteres hirsuta Lour.含有对多种疾病有治疗作用的高生物活性化合物，因此该植物的大部分部分都被用来制药。我们使用基于 Design Expert 11 软件（Stat-Ease Inc, Minneapolis, USA）的 RSM 表面响应法进行了优化，并分析了从越南 Thua Thien Hue 采集的 H. hirsuta L. 叶子中甲醇提取的 LC-MS/MS 方法和其他一些生化方法。结果确定了从 H. hirsuta L. 叶子中提取最多总黄酮的理想参数如下：时间（30 分钟）；甲醇溶剂浓度（52.2407%）；超声波频率（12.4253）；材料/溶剂比（1:19.9145 (w/v)）。得到的总黄酮值为 7.78425（毫克儿茶素/克提取物）。实际实验得到的实际值为 7.538（毫克儿茶素/克提取物）。结果表明，在纯化的甲醇馏分提取物中出现了 22 种黄酮类化合物（61.111%）。这些化合物对 DPPH 自由基的抑制率为 50%，IC50 值为 521.498 克/毫升，它们还对研究中的癌细胞株的生长具有抑制活性，IC50 值从 104.02 克/毫升到 188.48 克/毫升不等。Hirsute L. 叶子的甲醇提取物对人类白血病细胞系（HL-60）的细胞毒性效果最好，IC50 值为 104.02 μg/mL。研究结果表明，长硬毛叶可作为抗氧化和抑制癌细胞的治疗药材。
{"title":"Optimization of extraction of total flavonoid from leafs of Helicteres hirsuta Lour. based on bath ultrasound-assisted and testing some biological activities","authors":"Dang Thanh Long, Van Thi My Le, Hoàng Thị Ngọc Hân, Tong Thi Hue, Hoang Thi Kim Hong","doi":"10.25303/1901rjbt071078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1901rjbt071078","url":null,"abstract":"Helicteres hirsuta Lour. contains highly bioactive compounds that have therapeutic effects on many diseases, hence are used to make medicines from most parts of the plant. We optimize using the RSM surface response method based on Design Expert 11 software (Stat-Ease Inc, Minneapolis, USA) and analyze LC-MS/MS method and some other biochemical methods of methanol extraction from leaves of H. hirsuta L. collection Thua Thien Hue, Vietnam. The results identified the ideal parameters for extracting the greatest total flavonoids from leaves of H. hirsuta L. as follows: Times (30 minutes); methanol solvent concentration (52.2407%); ultrasonic frequency (12.4253); and material/solvent ratio (1:19.9145 (w/v)). The total flavonoid value obtained was 7.78425 (mg Catechin/g extract). The actual experiment obtained an actual value of 7.538 (mg Catechin/g extract). The results obtained 22 compounds of a flavonoid nature (61.111%) appearing in the purified methanol fractional extract. These compounds can inhibit DPPH free radicals at 50% with an IC50 value of 521.498 g/mL and they also have inhibitory activity against the growth of cancer cell lines under study with IC50 values ranging from 104.02 to 188.48 g/mL. The best cytotoxic effect of methanol extract from leaves of H. hirsute L. on human leukemia cell line (HL-60) with IC50 was 104.02 μg/mL. The results obtained indicate that leaves of H. hirsute L. have prospective uses as therapeutic herbs in antioxidant and cancer cell-inhibiting properties.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138984942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.25303/1901rjbt1100121
Zahabiya Dhankot, Gaurav Sanghvi
Almost every area of plant development is negatively impacted by stress. Salicylic acid (SA), when supplied exogenously, has been demonstrated to be a regulatory hormone that may mitigate the harmful effects of salt stress. Diabetics, hypertensive and health-conscious people substitute Stevia rebaudiana for sugar. Salinity is the global problem directly affecting the quality and quantity of stevia. Each group received 100 mM NaCl treatment for seven days followed by 0.1 mM, 0.2 mM and 0.05 mM SA treatment. Salt stress reduces the amount of chlorophyll (P<0.001) and the antioxidant capacity (P<0.001) which is restored by SA treatment. Salt stress increased proline (P<0.001), MDA (P<0.001) and other antioxidant enzymes (P<0.001), with the exception of catalase (P<0.05). Furthermore, salt stress has a negative impact on stevioside production which SA assisted in improving. Salt stress hampered the biology and phytochemistry of Stevia. SA restored antioxidants, chlorophyll, proline and phytochemicals. SA also helped to improve the steviol production in salt stress which is significantly lower in normal plants. Method developed to estimate steviol level can also be helpful to different industries involved in stevia products.
植物发育的几乎每个领域都会受到胁迫的负面影响。水杨酸（SA）外源供应已被证明是一种调节激素，可减轻盐胁迫的有害影响。糖尿病患者、高血压患者和注重健康的人可以用甜叶菊代替糖。盐度是直接影响甜叶菊质量和数量的全球性问题。每组接受 100 毫摩尔 NaCl 处理七天，然后分别接受 0.1 毫摩尔、0.2 毫摩尔和 0.05 毫摩尔 SA 处理。盐胁迫降低了叶绿素含量（P<0.001）和抗氧化能力（P<0.001），而 SA 处理则恢复了叶绿素含量和抗氧化能力。盐胁迫增加了脯氨酸（P<0.001）、MDA（P<0.001）和其他抗氧化酶（P<0.001），但过氧化氢酶除外（P<0.05）。此外，盐胁迫对甜菊糖甙的产生有负面影响，而 SA 有助于改善这种影响。盐胁迫阻碍了甜叶菊的生物学和植物化学。SA 恢复了抗氧化剂、叶绿素、脯氨酸和植物化学物质。SA 还有助于提高盐胁迫下的甜菊醇产量，而正常植物的甜菊醇产量明显较低。所开发的甜菊醇含量估算方法也有助于甜叶菊产品的不同行业。
{"title":"Salicylic acid improving physiological and phytochemical changes in Stevia rebaudiana under salt stress and estimating steviol glycoside by LC-MS/MS","authors":"Zahabiya Dhankot, Gaurav Sanghvi","doi":"10.25303/1901rjbt1100121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1901rjbt1100121","url":null,"abstract":"Almost every area of plant development is negatively impacted by stress. Salicylic acid (SA), when supplied exogenously, has been demonstrated to be a regulatory hormone that may mitigate the harmful effects of salt stress. Diabetics, hypertensive and health-conscious people substitute Stevia rebaudiana for sugar. Salinity is the global problem directly affecting the quality and quantity of stevia. Each group received 100 mM NaCl treatment for seven days followed by 0.1 mM, 0.2 mM and 0.05 mM SA treatment. Salt stress reduces the amount of chlorophyll (P<0.001) and the antioxidant capacity (P<0.001) which is restored by SA treatment. Salt stress increased proline (P<0.001), MDA (P<0.001) and other antioxidant enzymes (P<0.001), with the exception of catalase (P<0.05). Furthermore, salt stress has a negative impact on stevioside production which SA assisted in improving. Salt stress hampered the biology and phytochemistry of Stevia. SA restored antioxidants, chlorophyll, proline and phytochemicals. SA also helped to improve the steviol production in salt stress which is significantly lower in normal plants. Method developed to estimate steviol level can also be helpful to different industries involved in stevia products.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138985254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fungus Cordyceps militaris comes under the family cordyciptiaceae and class ascomycetes. In ancient time it was used in Chinese and Tibetan medicines for lungs and kidney diseases but with the change in era, more researches were conducted on it. This study was designed for the cultivation of Cordyceps militaris (C.M.) mushroom on brown rice media as the measure component and evaluation of its quantitative, qualitative and free radical scavenging activity of the methanolic extract. To know the bioactive compounds, preliminary phytochemical analysis was done which states that methanolic extract of Cordyceps contains protein, phenol, alkaloids, tannin, flavonoids, coumarins, polysaccharides and carbohydrates. The quantitative analysis of methanolic extract was quantified using determination of total phenol and total flavonoids using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and Aluminium calorimetric assay method respectively. Phyto- compounds were depicted through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas chromatography- mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) while the free radical scavenging activity was determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, hydrogen peroxide assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and reducing power assay. Highest phenolic and flavonoid contents were depicted in CM100%meth while CM100%meth. showed highest free radical scavenging activity. The assessment of extract for antimicrobial activity was done with well diffusion method against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria revealing that aqueous and methanolic extract are more effective against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli.
冬虫夏草菌属冬虫夏草科、子囊菌属。在古代，冬虫夏草是治疗肺病和肾病的中药和藏药，但随着时代的变迁，人们对其进行了更多的研究。本研究旨在以糙米为培养基栽培冬虫夏草（Cordyceps militaris (C.M.)），并评估其甲醇提取物的定量、定性和清除自由基活性。为了了解冬虫夏草的生物活性化合物，研究人员进行了初步的植物化学分析，结果表明冬虫夏草的甲醇提取物含有蛋白质、酚类、生物碱、单宁、黄酮类、香豆素、多糖和碳水化合物。采用 Folin-Ciocalteu 试剂和铝热法分别测定了总酚和总黄酮，对甲醇提取物进行了定量分析。植物化合物通过傅立叶变换红外光谱法（FTIR）和气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）进行描述，自由基清除活性则通过 1,1-二苯基-2-吡啶-肼（DPPH）检测法、过氧化氢检测法、铁还原抗氧化力（FRAP）检测法和还原力检测法进行测定。CM100%meth 的酚和类黄酮含量最高，而 CM100%meth 的自由基清除活性最高。采用井扩散法对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌进行了提取物抗菌活性评估，结果表明水提取物和甲醇提取物对枯草杆菌和大肠杆菌更有效。
{"title":"Cultivation, Phytochemical screening and Antimicrobial analysis of caterpillar mushroom Cordyceps militaris and fruiting body","authors":"Aanchal Gupta, Chandra Kant Sharma, Monika Sharma","doi":"10.25303/1901rjbt022032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1901rjbt022032","url":null,"abstract":"The fungus Cordyceps militaris comes under the family cordyciptiaceae and class ascomycetes. In ancient time it was used in Chinese and Tibetan medicines for lungs and kidney diseases but with the change in era, more researches were conducted on it. This study was designed for the cultivation of Cordyceps militaris (C.M.) mushroom on brown rice media as the measure component and evaluation of its quantitative, qualitative and free radical scavenging activity of the methanolic extract. To know the bioactive compounds, preliminary phytochemical analysis was done which states that methanolic extract of Cordyceps contains protein, phenol, alkaloids, tannin, flavonoids, coumarins, polysaccharides and carbohydrates. The quantitative analysis of methanolic extract was quantified using determination of total phenol and total flavonoids using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and Aluminium calorimetric assay method respectively. Phyto- compounds were depicted through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Gas chromatography- mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) while the free radical scavenging activity was determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) assay, hydrogen peroxide assay, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and reducing power assay. Highest phenolic and flavonoid contents were depicted in CM100%meth while CM100%meth. showed highest free radical scavenging activity. The assessment of extract for antimicrobial activity was done with well diffusion method against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria revealing that aqueous and methanolic extract are more effective against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138984721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-05DOI: 10.25303/1901rjbt1050109
B. Sravanthi, Ch. Lalitha, V. Lakshmi
Aquaculture, a vital sector addressing global food demand, is characterized by its extensive water requirements. Categorized into mariculture, freshwater aquaculture, and brackish water aquaculture, the sector plays a crucial role in food production. This study focuses on prawn cultivation, a significant aspect of aquaculture, emphasizing the influence of feed quality and hydrographic parameters on yield and ecological sustainability. Conducted in Vissakoderu village (Litopenaeus vannamei) and Eduru village (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), the research employed commercial feed, optimizing physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, and salinity. Probiotics were integrated into the feed to enhance prawn growth. Results indicated optimal levels of moisture, lipids, protein, fiber, carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins in the feed. The progressive weight gain of prawns, reaching 30.00 kg for 1000 prawns, was correlated with an increased feeding frequency. Scientifically monitored hydrographic conditions and feed quality contributed to a remarkable average yield of 29 tons for Litopenaeus vannamei and 63.33 tons for Macrobrachium rosenbergii over three years. This underscores the importance of precision in aquaculture practices for both yield enhancement and ecological preservation. The study provides valuable insights into the sensitivity of prawn cultivation, emphasizing the need for meticulous care in managing hydrographical, feed, and disease parameters.
{"title":"Impact of feed on the yield of Litopenaeus vannamei and Macrobrachium rosenbergii prawn culture from West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh, India","authors":"B. Sravanthi, Ch. Lalitha, V. Lakshmi","doi":"10.25303/1901rjbt1050109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1901rjbt1050109","url":null,"abstract":"Aquaculture, a vital sector addressing global food demand, is characterized by its extensive water requirements. Categorized into mariculture, freshwater aquaculture, and brackish water aquaculture, the sector plays a crucial role in food production. This study focuses on prawn cultivation, a significant aspect of aquaculture, emphasizing the influence of feed quality and hydrographic parameters on yield and ecological sustainability. Conducted in Vissakoderu village (Litopenaeus vannamei) and Eduru village (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), the research employed commercial feed, optimizing physicochemical parameters such as temperature, pH, and salinity. Probiotics were integrated into the feed to enhance prawn growth. Results indicated optimal levels of moisture, lipids, protein, fiber, carbohydrates, minerals, and vitamins in the feed. The progressive weight gain of prawns, reaching 30.00 kg for 1000 prawns, was correlated with an increased feeding frequency. Scientifically monitored hydrographic conditions and feed quality contributed to a remarkable average yield of 29 tons for Litopenaeus vannamei and 63.33 tons for Macrobrachium rosenbergii over three years. This underscores the importance of precision in aquaculture practices for both yield enhancement and ecological preservation. The study provides valuable insights into the sensitivity of prawn cultivation, emphasizing the need for meticulous care in managing hydrographical, feed, and disease parameters.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138985042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Breastfeeding is crucial for the health of both mothers and infants, providing both short-term and long-term benefits. Breast milk contains all the necessary nutrients for both the mother and child. Unfortunately, many women are experiencing a low milk supply, resulting in infants not receiving sufficient immune support. To increase milk production, there are various herbal and pharmaceutical galactagogues available. Plants in the Caryophyllaceae family contain phytoestrogen, a compound that helps stimulate milk production. Isoflavone is one type of phytoestrogens. Isoflavones have many properties like bactericidal, fungicidal and anti-ringworm and are used to treat breast and prostate cancer and bone-related diseases. Spergula arvensis L., a member of the Caryophyllaceae family, is rich in isoflavones. Nine specific compounds were chosen due to their connection to mammary gland function. A preliminary in silico study was conducted to examine the interaction between isoflavones and prolactin receptors through molecular docking. The compound quercetin, an isoflavone, showed a better binding affinity to the receptor.
{"title":"In silico evaluation of isoflavones for its galactagogue activity in promoting lactation","authors":"Ravichandran Nikkila Devi, Vasudevan Dhisha, Balasubramanian Suresh, Sundarapandian Mahalakshmi","doi":"10.25303/1811rjbt01060114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt01060114","url":null,"abstract":"Breastfeeding is crucial for the health of both mothers and infants, providing both short-term and long-term benefits. Breast milk contains all the necessary nutrients for both the mother and child. Unfortunately, many women are experiencing a low milk supply, resulting in infants not receiving sufficient immune support. To increase milk production, there are various herbal and pharmaceutical galactagogues available. Plants in the Caryophyllaceae family contain phytoestrogen, a compound that helps stimulate milk production. Isoflavone is one type of phytoestrogens. Isoflavones have many properties like bactericidal, fungicidal and anti-ringworm and are used to treat breast and prostate cancer and bone-related diseases. Spergula arvensis L., a member of the Caryophyllaceae family, is rich in isoflavones. Nine specific compounds were chosen due to their connection to mammary gland function. A preliminary in silico study was conducted to examine the interaction between isoflavones and prolactin receptors through molecular docking. The compound quercetin, an isoflavone, showed a better binding affinity to the receptor.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135761203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shariff Misfahulhairah, Namasivayam Parameswari, Nur Fatihah Mohd-Yusoff
Mucuna bracteata is a leguminous cover crop that is planted in Malaysian oil palm and rubber plantations. This legume can grow well locally but is unable to produce flowers. Non-flowering M. bracteata plants presumably do not perceive the flowering signals to initiate the reproductive phase due to environmental differences. This study is on cloning a putative flowering gene, CONSTANS-LIKE 2 (COL2), from leaves of M. bracteata. To understand the molecular regulation of this gene in locally grown M. bracteata, we analysed its expression profile in different tissues of M. bracteata seedlings and response to low temperature using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The MbCOL2 gene was identified to be expressed in all selected tissues; leaf, terminal bud and stem of 2 months, 6 months and 12 months-old seedlings in different patterns. The MbCOL2 expression was the highest in the leaf tissue. Meanwhile, the expression of MbCOL2 was increased due to the low temperature. Physicochemical properties of MbCOL2 and its orthologues were also defined to analyse their protein functional properties. Outputs from this study can assist to better understand the molecular regulation of growth and development in M. bracteata.
{"title":"Molecular Cloning and Expression Analysis of CONSTANS-LIKE 2 in Mucuna bracteata in Different Tissues and at Low Temperature","authors":"Shariff Misfahulhairah, Namasivayam Parameswari, Nur Fatihah Mohd-Yusoff","doi":"10.25303/1811rjbt01010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt01010","url":null,"abstract":"Mucuna bracteata is a leguminous cover crop that is planted in Malaysian oil palm and rubber plantations. This legume can grow well locally but is unable to produce flowers. Non-flowering M. bracteata plants presumably do not perceive the flowering signals to initiate the reproductive phase due to environmental differences. This study is on cloning a putative flowering gene, CONSTANS-LIKE 2 (COL2), from leaves of M. bracteata. To understand the molecular regulation of this gene in locally grown M. bracteata, we analysed its expression profile in different tissues of M. bracteata seedlings and response to low temperature using real-time polymerase chain reaction. The MbCOL2 gene was identified to be expressed in all selected tissues; leaf, terminal bud and stem of 2 months, 6 months and 12 months-old seedlings in different patterns. The MbCOL2 expression was the highest in the leaf tissue. Meanwhile, the expression of MbCOL2 was increased due to the low temperature. Physicochemical properties of MbCOL2 and its orthologues were also defined to analyse their protein functional properties. Outputs from this study can assist to better understand the molecular regulation of growth and development in M. bracteata.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-15DOI: 10.25303/1811rjbt2330240
Vasuki Aluru, Mrinalini Menon, Omana Bindhu Sukumaran
Plant latex proteases from different species find applications in diverse industries ranging from food to medicine. Family Apocynaceae consists of species producing large quantities of milky latex. Latex is known to be a rich source of proteolytic enzymes or proteases. Proteases, mainly of the cysteine and occasionally serine type, have been characterized from the latices of different species of Apocynaceae. Many of these proteases have also demonstrated stability under a wide range of parameters including temperature, pH and presence of metal ions. The current review is an attempt to elucidate on latex proteases belonging to Apocynaceae family, highlighting those properties that offer potential for their large-scale applications in different industrial sectors.
{"title":"Biotechnological application prospects of latex proteases from Apocynaceae family","authors":"Vasuki Aluru, Mrinalini Menon, Omana Bindhu Sukumaran","doi":"10.25303/1811rjbt2330240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt2330240","url":null,"abstract":"Plant latex proteases from different species find applications in diverse industries ranging from food to medicine. Family Apocynaceae consists of species producing large quantities of milky latex. Latex is known to be a rich source of proteolytic enzymes or proteases. Proteases, mainly of the cysteine and occasionally serine type, have been characterized from the latices of different species of Apocynaceae. Many of these proteases have also demonstrated stability under a wide range of parameters including temperature, pH and presence of metal ions. The current review is an attempt to elucidate on latex proteases belonging to Apocynaceae family, highlighting those properties that offer potential for their large-scale applications in different industrial sectors.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are symbiotically associated with the roots of higher plants which enhance the overall nutritional status of plants. It is known that the overall growth and development of plants not only depend upon the performance of specific genotypes but their association is also affected by the various types of microbes. Therefore, the major aim of the study was the isolation and characterization of gene expression during the presymbiotic stage of AMF. In the present study, total RNA was extracted from spores of Rhizophagus irregularis grown under root organ culture (ROC). cDNA library was prepared and expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis was performed. Approximately 150 random clones were selected for EST sequencing analysis. Out of the 150 clones obtained, 1.5% carried inserts of the rRNA gene cluster. After excision, inserts from 72 randomly selected clones were sequenced. Database searches revealed that 74% of the clones had similarities to already known sequences. Putative genes for Ca2+-regulated symbiotic genes, cell cycle regulatory factors and precursors for lipid biosynthesis genes were discovered. A full-length mating gene was discovered using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Studies revealed the presence of a putative mating type gene in mycorrhizal species that are evident in the sexual origin of AMF.
{"title":"Analysis of express sequence tags from Arbuscular Mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) express during the pre-symbiotic stage of the fungus","authors":"Sanjeev Kumar, Alok Adholeya","doi":"10.25303/1811rjbt089095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25303/1811rjbt089095","url":null,"abstract":"Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) are symbiotically associated with the roots of higher plants which enhance the overall nutritional status of plants. It is known that the overall growth and development of plants not only depend upon the performance of specific genotypes but their association is also affected by the various types of microbes. Therefore, the major aim of the study was the isolation and characterization of gene expression during the presymbiotic stage of AMF. In the present study, total RNA was extracted from spores of Rhizophagus irregularis grown under root organ culture (ROC). cDNA library was prepared and expressed sequence tag (EST) analysis was performed. Approximately 150 random clones were selected for EST sequencing analysis. Out of the 150 clones obtained, 1.5% carried inserts of the rRNA gene cluster. After excision, inserts from 72 randomly selected clones were sequenced. Database searches revealed that 74% of the clones had similarities to already known sequences. Putative genes for Ca2+-regulated symbiotic genes, cell cycle regulatory factors and precursors for lipid biosynthesis genes were discovered. A full-length mating gene was discovered using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE). Studies revealed the presence of a putative mating type gene in mycorrhizal species that are evident in the sexual origin of AMF.","PeriodicalId":21091,"journal":{"name":"Research Journal of Biotechnology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135766479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：