Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.13189/UJM.2018.061005
Saâd Benbachir, Mohamed Habachi
This paper studies the impact of the internal modelling on the calculation of expected credit loss in the framework of the international standard IFRS 9. Indeed, the probability of default of counterparty depends on the model used for the conception of the internal rating system. The multitude of probabilistic models renders uncertain and imprecise, the calculation of the expected loss for the same SMEs portfolio of a Moroccan bank, as well as the comparison of losses over time due to the non-permanence of the rating system used. As a result, the regulator will be unable to guarantee an equitable and transparent system of provisioning of the losses because of the absence of standardization of the elaboration process of the rating tool. To show this risk associated with the multitude of models, this paper studied the impact of choice of the model on the expected credit loss, by calculating of the probability of default for several types of modelling based respectively on the pure logistic regression and the logistic regression on the principal components.
{"title":"Assessing the Impact of Modelling on the Expected Credit Loss (ECL) of a Portfolio of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises","authors":"Saâd Benbachir, Mohamed Habachi","doi":"10.13189/UJM.2018.061005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJM.2018.061005","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies the impact of the internal modelling on the calculation of expected credit loss in the framework of the international standard IFRS 9. Indeed, the probability of default of counterparty depends on the model used for the conception of the internal rating system. The multitude of probabilistic models renders uncertain and imprecise, the calculation of the expected loss for the same SMEs portfolio of a Moroccan bank, as well as the comparison of losses over time due to the non-permanence of the rating system used. As a result, the regulator will be unable to guarantee an equitable and transparent system of provisioning of the losses because of the absence of standardization of the elaboration process of the rating tool. To show this risk associated with the multitude of models, this paper studied the impact of choice of the model on the expected credit loss, by calculating of the probability of default for several types of modelling based respectively on the pure logistic regression and the logistic regression on the principal components.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116915991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.13189/UJM.2018.061002
K. Trajkova, Marko Andonov, Zoran Mihajloski, Marija Kojchevska
The transformative power of economic policies in the European market increasingly brings into question the responsibility of business leaders about the effects of corporate activity on the social environment. Following the trend of achieving competitive advantage in the market and ensuring sustainable development through the production of sustainable social values, world business leaders apply the concept of social responsibility within the corporate governance. For the contemporary world, the approach represents a new model of economic democracy, whose political function is mirrored in their efforts to achieve sustainable development based on economic, environmental and social justice. The main focus of scientific interest is placed on the process of creating CSR policies determined by the EERI framework of Organizational performance as a process on organizational level and integration of CSR concept into organizational strategy. The research was conducted in 155 Macedonian companies from a deliberate target sample of companies. According to the principles of general methodology and specifics of the subject, the research was conducted on two levels: theoretical and empirical. The results of the research confirmed the significant influence of each of the dimensions of the organizational performance framework (EERI) on the process of creating CSR policies.
{"title":"Contemporary Strategic Approaches for Social Value Creation based on Dimensions of Organizational Performance","authors":"K. Trajkova, Marko Andonov, Zoran Mihajloski, Marija Kojchevska","doi":"10.13189/UJM.2018.061002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJM.2018.061002","url":null,"abstract":"The transformative power of economic policies in the European market increasingly brings into question the responsibility of business leaders about the effects of corporate activity on the social environment. Following the trend of achieving competitive advantage in the market and ensuring sustainable development through the production of sustainable social values, world business leaders apply the concept of social responsibility within the corporate governance. For the contemporary world, the approach represents a new model of economic democracy, whose political function is mirrored in their efforts to achieve sustainable development based on economic, environmental and social justice. The main focus of scientific interest is placed on the process of creating CSR policies determined by the EERI framework of Organizational performance as a process on organizational level and integration of CSR concept into organizational strategy. The research was conducted in 155 Macedonian companies from a deliberate target sample of companies. According to the principles of general methodology and specifics of the subject, the research was conducted on two levels: theoretical and empirical. The results of the research confirmed the significant influence of each of the dimensions of the organizational performance framework (EERI) on the process of creating CSR policies.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127194685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.13189/UJM.2018.061001
Albina Amin
Women entrepreneurship is the process where women run a small or medium business with different factors of production, undertake risks and provide employment to others. It plays a key role in the economic growth of Bangladesh. This paper aims to focus on the online clothing stores and boutiques of women entrepreneurs by using a purposeful sampling method where in-depth interviews were carried out over a four to five days period. It utilized a qualitative methodology by conducting interviews with nine women entrepreneurs of online clothing stores located in Dhaka city. It also explores how women are influenced by socioeconomic factors, in addition to their role as wives, mothers and homemakers. Some of the meaningful units are abstracted, which were discussed with the interviewees until a basic agreement of terms could be made. This paper is evaluating the position of women in online clothing stores, ideas of new target market and identified problems in this sector. The findings of this paper will help others to develop their business using limited resources and financial capital via technology. Moreover, this article attempts to disclose how the participation of women entrepreneurs in national and international fairs lead the country towards future growth in this sector.
{"title":"Women Entrepreneurship and SMEs of Online Clothing Business in Dhaka City","authors":"Albina Amin","doi":"10.13189/UJM.2018.061001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJM.2018.061001","url":null,"abstract":"Women entrepreneurship is the process where women run a small or medium business with different factors of production, undertake risks and provide employment to others. It plays a key role in the economic growth of Bangladesh. This paper aims to focus on the online clothing stores and boutiques of women entrepreneurs by using a purposeful sampling method where in-depth interviews were carried out over a four to five days period. It utilized a qualitative methodology by conducting interviews with nine women entrepreneurs of online clothing stores located in Dhaka city. It also explores how women are influenced by socioeconomic factors, in addition to their role as wives, mothers and homemakers. Some of the meaningful units are abstracted, which were discussed with the interviewees until a basic agreement of terms could be made. This paper is evaluating the position of women in online clothing stores, ideas of new target market and identified problems in this sector. The findings of this paper will help others to develop their business using limited resources and financial capital via technology. Moreover, this article attempts to disclose how the participation of women entrepreneurs in national and international fairs lead the country towards future growth in this sector.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126410384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.13189/ujm.2018.061003
Rara Hyeseong Jeon
{"title":"R&D Collaboration and Global Strategy in High-tech SMEs","authors":"Rara Hyeseong Jeon","doi":"10.13189/ujm.2018.061003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2018.061003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"177 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116144313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-01DOI: 10.13189/UJM.2018.061004
E. Čizmić, Senad Softić, A. Talić
The aim of the research is to determine how the Career and Entrepreneurship Opportunities Conference, as a unique combination of academic and student's entrepreneurship, content affects the students' personality development in context of their employability perception. The study was used a qualitative approach for problem introduction and mostly quantitative approach to research. Data collection was conducted by using LimeSurvey application with lasting of sixty days for sample of students population that have been participated to the conference, with the use of a special questionnaire created for this study. The populations covered by this research are all participants of the Career and Entrepreneurship Opportunities Conference in the period of 2014-2016 and it makes more than five thousand students. This research is aimed to present effects of nonconventional ways of matching between higher-education institutions and labor market in Bosnia and Herzegovina in sense of students' employability as most important matching component, using as well some good practical evidences connected to the Career and Entrepreneurship Opportunities Conference content, activities and effects.
{"title":"Impact of Event Management Outcome in a Students Employability Perception","authors":"E. Čizmić, Senad Softić, A. Talić","doi":"10.13189/UJM.2018.061004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJM.2018.061004","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is to determine how the Career and Entrepreneurship Opportunities Conference, as a unique combination of academic and student's entrepreneurship, content affects the students' personality development in context of their employability perception. The study was used a qualitative approach for problem introduction and mostly quantitative approach to research. Data collection was conducted by using LimeSurvey application with lasting of sixty days for sample of students population that have been participated to the conference, with the use of a special questionnaire created for this study. The populations covered by this research are all participants of the Career and Entrepreneurship Opportunities Conference in the period of 2014-2016 and it makes more than five thousand students. This research is aimed to present effects of nonconventional ways of matching between higher-education institutions and labor market in Bosnia and Herzegovina in sense of students' employability as most important matching component, using as well some good practical evidences connected to the Career and Entrepreneurship Opportunities Conference content, activities and effects.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127570752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.13189/ujm.2018.060901
Vukenkeng Andrew Wujung, Cornelius Mbifung Lambi, Dobdinga Cletus Fonchamnyo, Forbe Hodu Ngangnchi, Muafueshiangha Ibrahim Menkeh
Current trend in the use or misuse of environmental resources raises strong sustainability issues and the need for preservation. But, should the environment be preserved at the expense of mankind? If the term ‘sustainability’ means the total subjection of the present generation to hardship and misery in favour of the wild (nature), then, ‘sustainability’ is not sustainable. This paper investigates into the quality of life of the Erat and the Resettlement community, formerly known as Ikondo Ikondo I of the South West Region of Cameroon using survey and retrospective designs. In reporting the untold conservation story of the two communities around the Korup National Park (KNP), primary data was collected from 180 participants using 5 point Likert scale questionnaire, and analyzed using the Taylor Linearized Standard Error Correction Technique. The result supports the hypothesis that wild nature is more ‘valuable’ than humans around the KNP as the population continues to be deliberately or otherwise subjected to hardship and misery. With an overall significant result tested using the Fisher’s ratio, and while calling on the authorities to adopt measures that reduce poverty and provide social services and justice, the paper strongly advocates for a drastic shift from fortress to man-centred conservation. It is completely unacceptable that in the 21 st Century in Africa, man should be sacrificed for wild nature, no matter what, as he can conveniently live with nature. To achieve this global goal, conservation authorities should report the real impact of their activities.
{"title":"Community Life around Protected Areas in Cameroon: Conservation Story of Erat and the Resettlement Communities around the Korup National Park","authors":"Vukenkeng Andrew Wujung, Cornelius Mbifung Lambi, Dobdinga Cletus Fonchamnyo, Forbe Hodu Ngangnchi, Muafueshiangha Ibrahim Menkeh","doi":"10.13189/ujm.2018.060901","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2018.060901","url":null,"abstract":"Current trend in the use or misuse of environmental resources raises strong sustainability issues and the need for preservation. But, should the environment be preserved at the expense of mankind? If the term ‘sustainability’ means the total subjection of the present generation to hardship and misery in favour of the wild (nature), then, ‘sustainability’ is not sustainable. This paper investigates into the quality of life of the Erat and the Resettlement community, formerly known as Ikondo Ikondo I of the South West Region of Cameroon using survey and retrospective designs. In reporting the untold conservation story of the two communities around the Korup National Park (KNP), primary data was collected from 180 participants using 5 point Likert scale questionnaire, and analyzed using the Taylor Linearized Standard Error Correction Technique. The result supports the hypothesis that wild nature is more ‘valuable’ than humans around the KNP as the population continues to be deliberately or otherwise subjected to hardship and misery. With an overall significant result tested using the Fisher’s ratio, and while calling on the authorities to adopt measures that reduce poverty and provide social services and justice, the paper strongly advocates for a drastic shift from fortress to man-centred conservation. It is completely unacceptable that in the 21 st Century in Africa, man should be sacrificed for wild nature, no matter what, as he can conveniently live with nature. To achieve this global goal, conservation authorities should report the real impact of their activities.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115496353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.13189/ujm.2018.060904
Peter Woodlock, Sheen X. Liu
We examine the impact that Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m) had on pay for performance relationships for two sets of firms- those U.S. firms that qualified their CEO’s (Chief Executive Officer’s) annual bonus under Section 162(m) and those that did not take such steps during the years 1992 to 2003. We hypothesize that the link between pay and objective measures of performance would improve more for the Section 162(m) qualifying firms classified as “subjective evaluators” of CEO performance in years prior to Section 162(m). We also hypothesize no change in pay for performance for those firms that did not qualify certain of their CEO’s pay programs under Section 162(m). Our regression results are generally consistent with our hypotheses that states that observed pay for performance improvements associated with Section 162(m)’s passage were largely driven by firms that qualified their pay programs and which based their CEO’s compensation on subjective performance measures prior to the passage of Section 162(m). We also look at the benefits (in terms of tax savings) or the loss (in terms of added tax costs) incurred by companies which qualified and those that did not qualify their CEO’s annual bonus as performance based under Section 162(m). We find that the benefits from qualifying the CEO’s bonus as performance based were the highest for those companies which had used subjective criteria to evaluate a CEO’s annual performance prior to qualifying this compensation as performance based. To us, this suggests that subjective based performance measures have value to a company and that forfeiting the use of such measures requires that a benefit be received for doing so.
{"title":"The Influence of Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m) on Pay Sensitivity Estimates: The Case of Section 162(m) Qualifiers and Non-qualifiers and the Value of Subjectivity in Compensation Arrangements","authors":"Peter Woodlock, Sheen X. Liu","doi":"10.13189/ujm.2018.060904","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2018.060904","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the impact that Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m) had on pay for performance relationships for two sets of firms- those U.S. firms that qualified their CEO’s (Chief Executive Officer’s) annual bonus under Section 162(m) and those that did not take such steps during the years 1992 to 2003. We hypothesize that the link between pay and objective measures of performance would improve more for the Section 162(m) qualifying firms classified as “subjective evaluators” of CEO performance in years prior to Section 162(m). We also hypothesize no change in pay for performance for those firms that did not qualify certain of their CEO’s pay programs under Section 162(m). Our regression results are generally consistent with our hypotheses that states that observed pay for performance improvements associated with Section 162(m)’s passage were largely driven by firms that qualified their pay programs and which based their CEO’s compensation on subjective performance measures prior to the passage of Section 162(m). We also look at the benefits (in terms of tax savings) or the loss (in terms of added tax costs) incurred by companies which qualified and those that did not qualify their CEO’s annual bonus as performance based under Section 162(m). We find that the benefits from qualifying the CEO’s bonus as performance based were the highest for those companies which had used subjective criteria to evaluate a CEO’s annual performance prior to qualifying this compensation as performance based. To us, this suggests that subjective based performance measures have value to a company and that forfeiting the use of such measures requires that a benefit be received for doing so.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130638396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.13189/UJM.2018.060902
Xiangjun Feng
It is widely received that personal records are a kind of unique documentary evidence for both individual and the society. Thus, same care is required for the preservation of personal records as for public records. While personal archiving in the analogue environment has been extensively studied by scholars from different fields, the rapidly changing web environment are raising new challenges on personal information behavior, further, personal digital archiving. To effectively address these challenges, it is important to first understand what the individuals’ perception and behavior of personal digital archiving are. The proposed presentation aims to contribute to this knowledge by discussing the preliminary results of a mixed-method study on the behavior and perception of personal digital archiving of Chinese university students. More specifically, the mixed-method study is approached sequentially by first using a web-based questionnaire to investigate Chinese university students’ perception of personal digital archiving when using email and blogs, which is followed by a semi-structured interview of information professionals to solicit their opinions on the results of the web-based questionnaire and the role of information professionals for facilitating personal digital archiving. The results of this study will shed light on Chinese university students’ awareness of personal records preservation, the measures used for personal records preservation, the difficulties encountered, and responsibilities of different stakeholders (e.g., individual, web service provider, and information professionals) for personal digital archiving. This knowledge will help identify focal areas for future personal digital archiving research.
{"title":"The Behavior and Perception of Personal Digital Archiving of Chinese University Students","authors":"Xiangjun Feng","doi":"10.13189/UJM.2018.060902","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJM.2018.060902","url":null,"abstract":"It is widely received that personal records are a kind of unique documentary evidence for both individual and the society. Thus, same care is required for the preservation of personal records as for public records. While personal archiving in the analogue environment has been extensively studied by scholars from different fields, the rapidly changing web environment are raising new challenges on personal information behavior, further, personal digital archiving. To effectively address these challenges, it is important to first understand what the individuals’ perception and behavior of personal digital archiving are. The proposed presentation aims to contribute to this knowledge by discussing the preliminary results of a mixed-method study on the behavior and perception of personal digital archiving of Chinese university students. More specifically, the mixed-method study is approached sequentially by first using a web-based questionnaire to investigate Chinese university students’ perception of personal digital archiving when using email and blogs, which is followed by a semi-structured interview of information professionals to solicit their opinions on the results of the web-based questionnaire and the role of information professionals for facilitating personal digital archiving. The results of this study will shed light on Chinese university students’ awareness of personal records preservation, the measures used for personal records preservation, the difficulties encountered, and responsibilities of different stakeholders (e.g., individual, web service provider, and information professionals) for personal digital archiving. This knowledge will help identify focal areas for future personal digital archiving research.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127661194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.13189/UJM.2018.060905
P. Forrest, W. Piper
This paper explores the relationship between Marketing and Artists and proposes that it is a relationship that is beneficial to both parties. Once there was a perception that art must be non-commercial to be considered art. This does not take into account that art must be recognized and accepted by society to attain the value and recognition [1] the artist desires. We postulate that this acceptance can be gained by exposure through marketing as well as traditional artistic avenues. Examples are given of how some of the most famous art today became famous not because of the artistry, but because of an external force unrelated to the art. We examine 4 artists – Warhol, Lautrec, Rockwell and Steinlen – who are as famous, or even more famous, due to their commercial art. Examples are given of how some of the most famous art today became famous not because of the artistry but because of an external force unrelated to the art. We examine 4 artists – Warhol, Lautrec, Rockwell and Steinlen – who are as famous, or even more famous, due to their commercial art. Would Lautrec or Steinlen ever have been heard of if not for their iconic poster ads of the late 1800’s? And while Warhol and Rockwell didn’t become famous for advertising exactly, Warhol gained fame by painting a can of soup, and Rockwell was best known for his Saturday Evening Post covers. Art and marketing are natural allies.
{"title":"Marketing and Artists","authors":"P. Forrest, W. Piper","doi":"10.13189/UJM.2018.060905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/UJM.2018.060905","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the relationship between Marketing and Artists and proposes that it is a relationship that is beneficial to both parties. Once there was a perception that art must be non-commercial to be considered art. This does not take into account that art must be recognized and accepted by society to attain the value and recognition [1] the artist desires. We postulate that this acceptance can be gained by exposure through marketing as well as traditional artistic avenues. Examples are given of how some of the most famous art today became famous not because of the artistry, but because of an external force unrelated to the art. We examine 4 artists – Warhol, Lautrec, Rockwell and Steinlen – who are as famous, or even more famous, due to their commercial art. Examples are given of how some of the most famous art today became famous not because of the artistry but because of an external force unrelated to the art. We examine 4 artists – Warhol, Lautrec, Rockwell and Steinlen – who are as famous, or even more famous, due to their commercial art. Would Lautrec or Steinlen ever have been heard of if not for their iconic poster ads of the late 1800’s? And while Warhol and Rockwell didn’t become famous for advertising exactly, Warhol gained fame by painting a can of soup, and Rockwell was best known for his Saturday Evening Post covers. Art and marketing are natural allies.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122478931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-09-01DOI: 10.13189/ujm.2018.060903
Chung-Hua Shih, Ching-Chih Wu, Tung-Hsiao Yang
We analyze the information advantage of insiders and institutional investors from the efficiency of internal capital market defined in Billett and Mauer [1]. The empirical evidence shows three major findings in this paper. First, the inefficient subsidies to constrained firms have significantly negative impact on the firm’s long-term performance. In addition, the diversified firms with transfer segments, both efficient and inefficient transfer, have significantly positive effect on the firm’s performance. Second, the insiders and institutional investors of diversified firms may use similar information regarding the internal capital market because they show the similar trading behavior with respect to efficient subsidies to both constrained and non-constrained segments. Finally, the insiders play a more important role in the firms’ long-term performance. In sum, we conclude that both institutional investors and insiders have some information advantage of internal capital market. Insiders, however, have stronger impact on the diversified firms’ long-term performance.
{"title":"Diversification, Internal Capital Market, and Information Advantage","authors":"Chung-Hua Shih, Ching-Chih Wu, Tung-Hsiao Yang","doi":"10.13189/ujm.2018.060903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13189/ujm.2018.060903","url":null,"abstract":"We analyze the information advantage of insiders and institutional investors from the efficiency of internal capital market defined in Billett and Mauer [1]. The empirical evidence shows three major findings in this paper. First, the inefficient subsidies to constrained firms have significantly negative impact on the firm’s long-term performance. In addition, the diversified firms with transfer segments, both efficient and inefficient transfer, have significantly positive effect on the firm’s performance. Second, the insiders and institutional investors of diversified firms may use similar information regarding the internal capital market because they show the similar trading behavior with respect to efficient subsidies to both constrained and non-constrained segments. Finally, the insiders play a more important role in the firms’ long-term performance. In sum, we conclude that both institutional investors and insiders have some information advantage of internal capital market. Insiders, however, have stronger impact on the diversified firms’ long-term performance.","PeriodicalId":211193,"journal":{"name":"Universal journal of management","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125964969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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