Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398633
N. Razali, A. Hashim
The intermittent characteristics of wind energy seriously affect the reliability and output power of wind turbine generator (WTG). The paper outlines a method to evaluate the distribution of WTG operator's daily cash-flow by developing an algorithm based on Monte-Carlo technique. Two-parameter Weibull type probability density function (PDF) is used to model wind profile at two locations. WTG's output is obtained by using power curve while also considering the availability factor derived from the Forced Outage Rate (FOR). The daily cash-flows were obtained by calculating the difference between the revenues from sales of power at feed-in-tariff and the cost of energy. The paper contributes towards a better understanding of wind profile's effect on the expected energy production and the sensitivity of profit distribution to changes in feed-in tariff.
{"title":"Cash-flow analysis of a wind turbine operator","authors":"N. Razali, A. Hashim","doi":"10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398633","url":null,"abstract":"The intermittent characteristics of wind energy seriously affect the reliability and output power of wind turbine generator (WTG). The paper outlines a method to evaluate the distribution of WTG operator's daily cash-flow by developing an algorithm based on Monte-Carlo technique. Two-parameter Weibull type probability density function (PDF) is used to model wind profile at two locations. WTG's output is obtained by using power curve while also considering the availability factor derived from the Forced Outage Rate (FOR). The daily cash-flows were obtained by calculating the difference between the revenues from sales of power at feed-in-tariff and the cost of energy. The paper contributes towards a better understanding of wind profile's effect on the expected energy production and the sensitivity of profit distribution to changes in feed-in tariff.","PeriodicalId":211736,"journal":{"name":"2009 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environment (ICEE)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130369421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398618
T. Jalal, P. Bodger
Since its independence in 1957, Malaysia has gone a long way in developing its economy and infrastructures. As one of the fast growing developing nations, its world renowned infrastructures include the Petronas Twin Tower, SMART tunnel and Bakun hydro dam. A key component that enables this growth is its secure, affordable and reliable electricity sector. Eventhough the initial electricity facilities here was constructed by the British during colonization, Malaysia then continue to nurture its development and reliability through her national policies to ensure that it continues to support her growth and prowess. The main national policy involving the electricity sector in Malaysia is the National Energy Policy. It was formulated in 1979 to ensure efficient, secure and environmentally sustainable supplies of energy including electricity. Later other policies were also formulated to address the arising issues and concerns on the energy sector. Among them are the National Depletion Policy, the Four Fuel Diversification Policy and the Fifth Fuel Policy. This paper reviews and discusses their implementation and various impacts on the electricity sector in Malaysia.
{"title":"National Energy Policies and the electricity sector in Malaysia","authors":"T. Jalal, P. Bodger","doi":"10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398618","url":null,"abstract":"Since its independence in 1957, Malaysia has gone a long way in developing its economy and infrastructures. As one of the fast growing developing nations, its world renowned infrastructures include the Petronas Twin Tower, SMART tunnel and Bakun hydro dam. A key component that enables this growth is its secure, affordable and reliable electricity sector. Eventhough the initial electricity facilities here was constructed by the British during colonization, Malaysia then continue to nurture its development and reliability through her national policies to ensure that it continues to support her growth and prowess. The main national policy involving the electricity sector in Malaysia is the National Energy Policy. It was formulated in 1979 to ensure efficient, secure and environmentally sustainable supplies of energy including electricity. Later other policies were also formulated to address the arising issues and concerns on the energy sector. Among them are the National Depletion Policy, the Four Fuel Diversification Policy and the Fifth Fuel Policy. This paper reviews and discusses their implementation and various impacts on the electricity sector in Malaysia.","PeriodicalId":211736,"journal":{"name":"2009 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environment (ICEE)","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132315452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398671
Lili Chai, L. Chai, S. Radu, S. Napis
A cheap and locally available wood charcoal was used as the main electrode component of an air cathode MFC. The air cathode was build with fine charcoal powder and cement plaster as binder; while anode is a packed bed of charcoal granules. Mangrove estuary brackish water was inoculated in the anodic chamber as the fuel and source of exoelectrogens. The constructed fuel cell was monitored by measuring the potential. The MFC generated a stable power density at 33mW/m2 (0.5V) under load 200Ω after 72 hours operation. An open circuit voltage (OCV) of 0.7mV was obtained after 15 hours operating under open circuit. The result of power generation by the constructed fuel cell indicating that wood charcoal was able to be used as electrode in MFC and brackish water contained potential exoelectrogens. Further investigation and modification is required to increase the performance of the fuel cell.
{"title":"Performance of air-cathode microbial fuel cell with wood charcoal as electrodes","authors":"Lili Chai, L. Chai, S. Radu, S. Napis","doi":"10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398671","url":null,"abstract":"A cheap and locally available wood charcoal was used as the main electrode component of an air cathode MFC. The air cathode was build with fine charcoal powder and cement plaster as binder; while anode is a packed bed of charcoal granules. Mangrove estuary brackish water was inoculated in the anodic chamber as the fuel and source of exoelectrogens. The constructed fuel cell was monitored by measuring the potential. The MFC generated a stable power density at 33mW/m2 (0.5V) under load 200Ω after 72 hours operation. An open circuit voltage (OCV) of 0.7mV was obtained after 15 hours operating under open circuit. The result of power generation by the constructed fuel cell indicating that wood charcoal was able to be used as electrode in MFC and brackish water contained potential exoelectrogens. Further investigation and modification is required to increase the performance of the fuel cell.","PeriodicalId":211736,"journal":{"name":"2009 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environment (ICEE)","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130956538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398654
S. Gopinath
This paper presents the effectiveness of generator auxiliary system such as seal oil system, stator cooling water system and gas control system with continuous hydrogen scavenging operation for hydrogen-cooled Synchronous Generator at power plant. Effective operation of synchronous generator depends on sufficient cooling medium (hydrogen) inside the casing. Besides that, good sealing system needed to prevent hydrogen gas leakage and sufficient cooling purposes. Deionized water circulated into stator for cooling purposes with emphasized on low conductivity level for prevention of any damage to the copper strands in the stator winding.
{"title":"Effectiveness of auxiliary system monitoring & continuous hydrogen scavenging operation on hydrogen-cooled generator at power plant","authors":"S. Gopinath","doi":"10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398654","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the effectiveness of generator auxiliary system such as seal oil system, stator cooling water system and gas control system with continuous hydrogen scavenging operation for hydrogen-cooled Synchronous Generator at power plant. Effective operation of synchronous generator depends on sufficient cooling medium (hydrogen) inside the casing. Besides that, good sealing system needed to prevent hydrogen gas leakage and sufficient cooling purposes. Deionized water circulated into stator for cooling purposes with emphasized on low conductivity level for prevention of any damage to the copper strands in the stator winding.","PeriodicalId":211736,"journal":{"name":"2009 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environment (ICEE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129913635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398662
Mujibur Rahman, G. W. Soon
This paper presents the experimental investigation to determine the condensation and evaporation heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops for the flow of R22 through internally grooved copper tubes namely B16-46 and D12-52. A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the condensation and evaporation performances of the internally grooved copper tubes. Condensation tests were conducted at mass flux rates of 180 to 537 kg m−2 s−1 and the vapor qualities ranged from a nominal value of 83% at the test section inlet to 6% at the outlet. Evaporation tests were conducted at mass flux rates of 110 to 404 kg m−2 s−1 and the nominal vapor qualities at the inlet and outlet were 0 and 85%. For both the condensation and evaporation tests, the heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops are found to increase as the mass flux rate increases.
本文对R22通过B16-46和D12-52内槽铜管流动的冷凝蒸发换热系数和压降进行了实验研究。通过一系列实验研究了内槽铜管的冷凝和蒸发性能。冷凝试验在180至537 kg m−2 s−1的质量通量下进行，蒸汽质量从试验段入口的标称值83%到出口的6%不等。蒸发试验在110至404 kg m−2 s−1的质量通量下进行，入口和出口的标称蒸气质量分别为0和85%。在冷凝和蒸发试验中，传热系数和压降都随着质量流率的增加而增加。
{"title":"An experimental study on condensation and evaporation heat transfer and pressure drop in microfin copper tubes","authors":"Mujibur Rahman, G. W. Soon","doi":"10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398662","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the experimental investigation to determine the condensation and evaporation heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops for the flow of R22 through internally grooved copper tubes namely B16-46 and D12-52. A series of experiments were conducted to evaluate the condensation and evaporation performances of the internally grooved copper tubes. Condensation tests were conducted at mass flux rates of 180 to 537 kg m−2 s−1 and the vapor qualities ranged from a nominal value of 83% at the test section inlet to 6% at the outlet. Evaporation tests were conducted at mass flux rates of 110 to 404 kg m−2 s−1 and the nominal vapor qualities at the inlet and outlet were 0 and 85%. For both the condensation and evaporation tests, the heat transfer coefficients and pressure drops are found to increase as the mass flux rate increases.","PeriodicalId":211736,"journal":{"name":"2009 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environment (ICEE)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116632520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398604
A. Ikram, A. A. Rahman, N. Mostafa, A. Shamsuddin
A lab scale cyclonic combustor is in developmental stage for firing coal-biomass blends. The lab scale test rig would be used to support a study of coal-biomass co-combustion in a selected real pulverized coal, tangentially fired power plant. The conceptual design is made similar to the two-stage inverted cyclonic combustor at Cardiff University (A. Abd Rahman and N. Syred), previously used in a completed EU commissioned study on co-combustion. The design consists of two stages where the primary reactor is for fuel gasification and devolatilisation of volatile matters, followed by a secondary reactor for complete combustion of fuel. Cyclonic combustion is chosen as it can provide high turbulence during combustion, and the assumed flow path of particles mimics that of a real tangential boiler. The design would also allow the particle residence time to be in the same order to a real boiler. In order to better understand the cyclonic combustion process and optimize the rig operation, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used. At the current stage, CFD simulation of the flowpath is chosen to prove the subject as having a turbulence flow, before continuing with combustion simulation, and actual fabrication of the cyclonic combustor.
实验室规模的燃烧煤-生物质混合燃料的旋流燃烧室正处于研制阶段。实验室规模的试验台将用于支持在选定的真实煤粉切线燃烧电厂中进行煤-生物质共燃烧的研究。概念设计类似于卡迪夫大学(a . Abd Rahman和N. Syred)的两级倒置旋风燃烧器，该燃烧器先前用于完成欧盟委托的共燃烧研究。该设计包括两个阶段，其中主反应堆用于燃料气化和挥发性物质的脱挥发，其次是二级反应堆用于燃料的完全燃烧。选择旋风燃烧是因为它可以在燃烧过程中提供高湍流，并且假设的颗粒流动路径模拟了实际切向锅炉的流动路径。该设计还将允许颗粒停留时间在同一顺序，以一个真正的锅炉。为了更好地了解旋流燃烧过程并优化钻井操作，应用了计算流体动力学(CFD)。现阶段，在继续燃烧模拟和实际制造旋风燃烧室之前，选择CFD流道模拟来证明主体存在湍流流动。
{"title":"Path flow study of a lab scale cyclonic combustor for coal-biomass co-combustion","authors":"A. Ikram, A. A. Rahman, N. Mostafa, A. Shamsuddin","doi":"10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398604","url":null,"abstract":"A lab scale cyclonic combustor is in developmental stage for firing coal-biomass blends. The lab scale test rig would be used to support a study of coal-biomass co-combustion in a selected real pulverized coal, tangentially fired power plant. The conceptual design is made similar to the two-stage inverted cyclonic combustor at Cardiff University (A. Abd Rahman and N. Syred), previously used in a completed EU commissioned study on co-combustion. The design consists of two stages where the primary reactor is for fuel gasification and devolatilisation of volatile matters, followed by a secondary reactor for complete combustion of fuel. Cyclonic combustion is chosen as it can provide high turbulence during combustion, and the assumed flow path of particles mimics that of a real tangential boiler. The design would also allow the particle residence time to be in the same order to a real boiler. In order to better understand the cyclonic combustion process and optimize the rig operation, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used. At the current stage, CFD simulation of the flowpath is chosen to prove the subject as having a turbulence flow, before continuing with combustion simulation, and actual fabrication of the cyclonic combustor.","PeriodicalId":211736,"journal":{"name":"2009 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environment (ICEE)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129186772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398631
N. Atan, B. Yunus
This paper presents the implementations of a new control algorithm for a three-phase shunt active power filter to regulate load terminal voltage, eliminate harmonics, and improve the power factor in systems with an uncontrolled rectifier and an AC controller as the non-linear loads. Different methods are used to control the active power filters. The reference current to be detected from the load current and processed by the active power filter controller is obtained from two different control algorithms, namely the Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory (PQ Theory) and Synchronous Reference Frame Theory (SRF Theory). The system is modeled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink simulation package with a shunt active power filter to compensate for the harmonics current injected by the loads. It is then interfaced and verified using a Real-Time Digital Signal Processor DS1104 accompanied by an application (dSPACE) that is employed to view the simulation results and control the parameters of the simulation.
{"title":"Evaluation of reference signal estimation techniques for the control of shunt active power filter","authors":"N. Atan, B. Yunus","doi":"10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398631","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the implementations of a new control algorithm for a three-phase shunt active power filter to regulate load terminal voltage, eliminate harmonics, and improve the power factor in systems with an uncontrolled rectifier and an AC controller as the non-linear loads. Different methods are used to control the active power filters. The reference current to be detected from the load current and processed by the active power filter controller is obtained from two different control algorithms, namely the Instantaneous Reactive Power Theory (PQ Theory) and Synchronous Reference Frame Theory (SRF Theory). The system is modeled and simulated using MATLAB/Simulink simulation package with a shunt active power filter to compensate for the harmonics current injected by the loads. It is then interfaced and verified using a Real-Time Digital Signal Processor DS1104 accompanied by an application (dSPACE) that is employed to view the simulation results and control the parameters of the simulation.","PeriodicalId":211736,"journal":{"name":"2009 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environment (ICEE)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124361168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398605
A. A. Ralib, A. Nurashikin, H. Salleh
Energy harvesting devices which convert ambient energy to electrical energy has attracted a lot of attention in commercial sectors. Due to the environmental consciousness, energy harvesting devices or so called micro generators promise a cleaner environment by avoiding the usage of batteries. Piezoelectric energy harvesters are the most promising solution because they can efficiently convert mechanical strain to electrical charge without any additional power. This paper presents a comparative study of previous works on the design and fabrication techniques of piezoelectric energy harvester microgenerators. This lead to an understanding of the several crucial factors affecting the perfomance of the piezoelectric micro generators.
{"title":"Fabrication techniques and performance of piezoelectric energy harvesters","authors":"A. A. Ralib, A. Nurashikin, H. Salleh","doi":"10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398605","url":null,"abstract":"Energy harvesting devices which convert ambient energy to electrical energy has attracted a lot of attention in commercial sectors. Due to the environmental consciousness, energy harvesting devices or so called micro generators promise a cleaner environment by avoiding the usage of batteries. Piezoelectric energy harvesters are the most promising solution because they can efficiently convert mechanical strain to electrical charge without any additional power. This paper presents a comparative study of previous works on the design and fabrication techniques of piezoelectric energy harvester microgenerators. This lead to an understanding of the several crucial factors affecting the perfomance of the piezoelectric micro generators.","PeriodicalId":211736,"journal":{"name":"2009 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environment (ICEE)","volume":"174 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123510161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398636
M.I. Harun, H. Ng, S. Gan
An evaluation of the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) sub-models for in-cylinder diesel engine combustion and emission simulations was conducted using an integrated numerical model from commercial CFD software FLUENT 6.3.26. As these simulations are sensitive to user-defined empirical parameters, the main aim of this investigation is to obtain an adjusted set of model parameters in order to achieve realistic results with the current version of FLUENT. Validation of simulation results is based on matching parallel experimental data to gauge the accuracy and applicability of each sub-model used. A Lagrangian Discrete Phase Model is employed to simulate spray atomisation/breakup process. Wave model is used, and the corresponding breakup time constant value, B1 that equals to 20 produces the most accurate results. Other sub-models such as drop distortion and dynamic drag, spray wall impingement and wall film with rebounding sliding and break-up, two-way turbulence coupling, collision and coalescences are integrated to model the dynamics of fuel spray. RNG k-ε is best suited for RANS approach to capture in-cylinder turbulent flow condition. Non-premixed combustion model which adopts the PDF approach provides good prediction of the in-cylinder diesel combustion process. The rich flammability limit of 0.1 produces good agreement with the experimental data. Extended Zeldovich, Fenimore and Turbulence-Interaction are incorporated to model NOx generation. One-step Khan and Greeves model is used for soot formation and oxidation prediction. Both soot and NOx models are parametrically calibrated to give reasonable predictions of the experimental measurements.
{"title":"Evaluation of CFD sub-models for in-cylinder light-duty diesel engine simulation","authors":"M.I. Harun, H. Ng, S. Gan","doi":"10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398636","url":null,"abstract":"An evaluation of the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) sub-models for in-cylinder diesel engine combustion and emission simulations was conducted using an integrated numerical model from commercial CFD software FLUENT 6.3.26. As these simulations are sensitive to user-defined empirical parameters, the main aim of this investigation is to obtain an adjusted set of model parameters in order to achieve realistic results with the current version of FLUENT. Validation of simulation results is based on matching parallel experimental data to gauge the accuracy and applicability of each sub-model used. A Lagrangian Discrete Phase Model is employed to simulate spray atomisation/breakup process. Wave model is used, and the corresponding breakup time constant value, B1 that equals to 20 produces the most accurate results. Other sub-models such as drop distortion and dynamic drag, spray wall impingement and wall film with rebounding sliding and break-up, two-way turbulence coupling, collision and coalescences are integrated to model the dynamics of fuel spray. RNG k-ε is best suited for RANS approach to capture in-cylinder turbulent flow condition. Non-premixed combustion model which adopts the PDF approach provides good prediction of the in-cylinder diesel combustion process. The rich flammability limit of 0.1 produces good agreement with the experimental data. Extended Zeldovich, Fenimore and Turbulence-Interaction are incorporated to model NOx generation. One-step Khan and Greeves model is used for soot formation and oxidation prediction. Both soot and NOx models are parametrically calibrated to give reasonable predictions of the experimental measurements.","PeriodicalId":211736,"journal":{"name":"2009 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environment (ICEE)","volume":"5 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114126645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398681
J. Nagi, T. S. Kiong, Syed Khaleel Ahmed, F. Nagi
Calculation of reserves in an oil reservoir and the determination of its performance and economics require good knowledge of its physical properties. Accurate determination of the pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) properties such as the bubble point pressure (Pb) and the oil formation volume factor (Bob) are important in the primary and subsequent development of an oil field. This paper proposes Support Vector Machines (SVMs) as a novel machine learning technique for predicting outputs in uncertain situations using the ɛ-Support Vector Regression (ɛ-SVR) method. The objective of this research is to investigate the capability of SVRs in modeling PVT properties of crude oil systems and solving existing Artificial Neural Network (ANN) drawbacks. Three datasets used for training and testing the SVR prediction model were collected from distinct published sources. The ɛ-SVR model incorporates four input features from the datasets: (1) solution gas-oil ratio, (2) reservoir temperature, (3) oil gravity and, (4) gas relative density. A comparative study is carried out to compare ɛ-SVR performance with ANNs, nonlinear regression, and different empirical correlation techniques. The results obtained reveal that the ɛ-SVR once successfully trained and optimized is more accurate, reliable, and outperforms the other existing approaches such as empirical correlation for estimating crude oil PVT properties.
{"title":"Prediction of PVT properties in crude oil systems using support vector machines","authors":"J. Nagi, T. S. Kiong, Syed Khaleel Ahmed, F. Nagi","doi":"10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICEENVIRON.2009.5398681","url":null,"abstract":"Calculation of reserves in an oil reservoir and the determination of its performance and economics require good knowledge of its physical properties. Accurate determination of the pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) properties such as the bubble point pressure (Pb) and the oil formation volume factor (Bob) are important in the primary and subsequent development of an oil field. This paper proposes Support Vector Machines (SVMs) as a novel machine learning technique for predicting outputs in uncertain situations using the ɛ-Support Vector Regression (ɛ-SVR) method. The objective of this research is to investigate the capability of SVRs in modeling PVT properties of crude oil systems and solving existing Artificial Neural Network (ANN) drawbacks. Three datasets used for training and testing the SVR prediction model were collected from distinct published sources. The ɛ-SVR model incorporates four input features from the datasets: (1) solution gas-oil ratio, (2) reservoir temperature, (3) oil gravity and, (4) gas relative density. A comparative study is carried out to compare ɛ-SVR performance with ANNs, nonlinear regression, and different empirical correlation techniques. The results obtained reveal that the ɛ-SVR once successfully trained and optimized is more accurate, reliable, and outperforms the other existing approaches such as empirical correlation for estimating crude oil PVT properties.","PeriodicalId":211736,"journal":{"name":"2009 3rd International Conference on Energy and Environment (ICEE)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127940837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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