Revista clínica de periodoncia, implantología y rehabilitación oral最新文献

Introduction

Premature loss of primary incisors may result in aesthetic, functional and psychologic problems. Prosthetic restoration allows replacing missing teeth, avoiding the unwanted consequences that their absence may carry.

Objective

The aim of this clinical case is to describe the technique and clinical evolution of a Denari fixed anterior prosthesis over 12 months of follow-up.

Case description

3 year-old female patient sought professional attention after the avulsion of the upper central incisors. In order to restore the natural appearance of the anterior superior area, recover oral function and intervene in the habit of tongue interposition, the treatment decided upon was a partially fixed Denari prosthesis. During the follow-up year the prosthesis was very well tolerated by the patient and without altering any adjacent soft tissues. We highlight an increase in the interincisal space, which demonstrates transversal growth.

Conclusion

A dental prosthesis in a child is a demanding task marked by the need to adapt to the continuous changes brought about by maxillofacial growth and maturation. It is in this context that the Denari prosthesis with its tube-bar system is an excellent and esthetic alternative in young patients where the prosthesis is going to remain in place for a prolonged period without interfering in the growth, development and function of the stomatognatic system.

Introduction

Despite advances in infection control and surgical techniques, surgical site infection (SSI) continues to be a cause of high morbidity and mortality.

Objectives

To determine if operating time increases the proportion of surgical site infections in clean-contaminated maxillofacial surgery.

Materials and method

This was an observational analytical study, including ASA I patients undergoing clean-contaminated maxillofacial surgery between 1997 and 2010 at the Clinical Hospital San Borja Arriarán (Santiago, Chile). The outcome variable was surgical site infection. Predictor variables were gender, age, operating time and SSI. Statistical analysis was performed using chi-squared test, Student t test, and simple logistic regression.

Results

A total of 522 patients met the inclusion criteria. The infection rate was 6.9%. Statistically significant differences were only observed in the operation time (P = .046) with an Odds ratio of 1.003 (95% CI = 1.000-1.006).

Conclusion

Significant differences in the proportion of SSI were found when operation time increased. However, this association is not clinically significant.

To perform different dental procedures it is currently necessary to make a correct assessment of periodontal biotype, using the right tools that allow its thickness to be accurately measured. The objective of this study was to evaluate different diagnostic methods and correlating them with direct measurement of width and thickness of attached gingiva in the front upper jaw area. The study included 30 periodontally healthy patients, in whom biotype identification was performed on teeth 1.1, 1.2 and 1.3, using visual parameters, direct measurement of the width and attached gingiva thickness, and transparency of the periodontal probe as an indirect method. According to the transparency of the probe, the thick biotype was the most frequent (53.3%) was observed more in men (62.5%) than women (37.50%). According to the visual parameters, thin biotype was more prevalent (56.7%) than the thick biotype (43.3%). There were no significant differences on comparing the 2 methods. The mean width of attached gingiva was 2.79 mm and a thickness of 1.06 mm, being greater in the thick biotype (width 2.94 mm and thickness 1.10) than in the thin biotype (width 2.67 mm and thickness 1.01 mm). According to the results, it can be concluded that both the visual diagnosis and transparency of the probe are valid to identify the gingival biotype. However, a lower reproducibility by visual inspection was observed, and the thin biotype showed a higher error rate.

Objective

To determine the level of knowledge of physicians from two Peruvian hospitals on the relationship between periodontal and systemic diseases.

Methods

This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted between April and May 2014 and included a total of 77 physicians, 39 from Hospital Belen de Trujillo and 38 from Hospital Victor Lazarte Echegaray (Trujillo, Peru). They were given a questionnaire that was previously submitted for validation by experts and reliability analysis (Cronbach's alpha = 0.605).

Results

The level of knowledge on periodontal disease and its relationship with diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and pregnancy was good in 57.1% and moderate in 41.6% of physicians who responded. No differences were found as regards medical specialty (P = .348) or professional experience (P = .403).

Conclusion

The results suggest that the level of knowledge on periodontal disease and its relationship with diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease and pregnancy was good in 57.1% of physicians from Victor Lazarte Echegaray and Belen hospitals in Trujillo, Peru, in 2014.

Among oral pathologies, dental caries is the one that is easy to prevent with dental hygiene measures. Since the 1990's, oral health education has aimed at instilling the habit of tooth brushing twice a day with fluoride toothpaste to prevent this disease. However, there is a need to understand the effect of the context on the expected outcomes.

Objective

This study aimed to determine the oral health practices of parents of pre-school children in an urban community of the Metropolitan Region of Chile, Lo Prado.

Method

This was a qualitative study with a descriptive design, and a non-probabilistic sample of 14 parents, using in-depth interviews.

Results

The analysis of the results was performed starting from transcription and codification of the descriptions made by the mothers, generating categories: (1) Oral health care, (2) persons in charge of teaching the tooth brushing habit, (3) use of fluoride dentifrices, (4) perception of oral health status, (5) associated positive or negative stimuli, and (6) the need for more information on oral health issues.

Conclusions

Oral health is perceived to correlate with a good appearance, and to attain it, a good oral hygiene is considered important, along with a reduction in the amount of carbohydrates ingested. Women are the ones that are socially in charge of the establishment and maintenance of this habit.

Tooth proportion, gingival zenith position, position and size of the interdental papillae, gingival biotype, amount of keratinized gingiva and smile line position were evaluated in the 6 upper front teeth in 31 Chilean dental students. The tooth proportion pattern was similar to that described previously in the literature. The zenith position showed an established pattern. A thin gingival biotype was found more frequently. Lateral incisors showed the highest amount of keratinized tissue, followed by central incisors and then the canines. The height of the papillae at the canines was higher than central incisors, while the lowest values were found in the lateral incisors. There was a predominance of a medium smile line.