Revista clínica de periodoncia, implantología y rehabilitación oral最新文献

The aim of this review is to describe and understand how the occlusal forces are measured and recorded using an intraoral transducer system, T-Scan^® III. An analysis was made of the accuracy and reliability of the device, using the results of recent studies found in the PubMed database using the digital method of recording occlusal indications and clinical application in the analysis of the relationships of the teeth in occlusions before and after oral rehabilitation treatments, where the balance of occlusal forces is essential for long-term success. The method used consisted of a non-systematic review in PubMed. Ten articles were found that met the inclusion criteria. After reviewing the literature, it can be concluded that the method of occlusal analysis with T-Scan^® III is suitable as a diagnostic device for measuring relative occlusal forces in both static and dynamic jaw positions. There is only one study that indicates that it is more accurate than paper recordings. However, more clinical and/or experimental studied are required for greater certainty of its incorporation into routine clinical practice in oral rehabilitation.

Periodontal diseases (gingivitis and periodontitis) are a public health problem. They are highly prevalent, they affect life quality and their treament is expensive. Their principal risk factors and indicators are shared with chronic non transsmisible diseases (NTCD). Also, the presence of periodontal disease could exacerbate or initiate the development of a NTCD. Furthemore, Periodontal treatment results in systemic inflammation reduction. According to above explained, periodontal diseases should be considered as NTCD. It is highly advisible to focus on development, building and its implementation of periodontal prevention practices and communications. Moreover, it is advisible to participate in NTCD prevention programs, which targets same periodontal diseases risk factors and indicators.

Dental erosion corresponds to the irreversible loss of tooth tissue surface due to the chemical action of acids, where bacteria are not involved. It has become a common condition worldwide, especially in children, affected by the high consumption of acidic and carbonated drinks. Within its etiology there are both intrinsic risk factors, produced by the body itself, and extrinsic, whose origin is not in the body, but are directly related to it. The aim of this article is to review the literature on the potential risk factors associated with the presence of dental erosion in children.

Aim

Describe the location of traumatic lesions of the oral mucosa that develop after the installation of complete dentures, as well as to quantify the number of post-operative controls that are required. A descriptive study was conducted by examining 84 patients who attended the dental center of Universidad de Los Andes, San Bernardo, during the period from July 2012 to July 2013. A sample of 120 edentulous patients was obtained. After the fabrication and installation of the complete dentures, at least 3 post-operative controls were performed and the location of oral lesions was recorded. Documentation of the association between the patient's clinical variables and the appearance of oral lesions during the first 3 controls was performed using a logistic regression.

Results

For maxillary dentures, 5 post-operative visits were made and 6 controls for mandible dentures. In the upper jaw the anatomical areas of higher incidence of traumatic injuries were: canine fossa (23.9%), average bridle (23.1%), and distobuccal sulcus (20.1%). In the lower jaw, the highest number of lesions were recorded on the anterior lingual flank (16.5%), anterior and posterior lingual flank (13.4%), and distobuccal sulcus (12.8%). A significant association was observed between subjects who reported consumption of cholesterol-lowering medications and the development of traumatic lesions of the oral mucosa (OR: 0.25 and 95% CI: 0.055–0.939). The installation of complete dentures does not determine that the treatment has ended. Post-operative controls are needed to assess areas of erythema and ulceration.

Implant-retained metal-acrylic hybrid prostheses provide a functional and aesthetic solution to rehabilitate severely atrophic complete arches, and are an alternative to more complex reconstructive surgeries. the prosthetic substructure must adjust passively on the implants. With the CAD-CAM technology, the manual design of the substructures, by lost wax, has been replaced by digital design. Laser sintering technology in the production of metal substructures has advantages, such as, decreased accumulation of errors, fabrication speed and design of complex geometry, according to the needs of the case.

Case report

Hybrid prostheses in the maxilla (8 implants) and jaw (Revitalize®) were planned in a patient with no teeth, using Co-Cr alloy substructures by laser sintering, which have similar long-term results as obtained with noble structures, but with lower cost and high predictability.

Conclusions

Hybrid prostheses with Co-Cr substructures using laser sintering could improve prognosis by incorporating CAD-CAM in their preparation to obtain fine adjustments.

Objective

To characterise dentists who practice in Chile, enrolled in the National Register of Individual Providers.

Material and method

Descriptive and cross-sectional study conducted with the database of the National Register of Individual Providers of the Superintendency of Health, requested through the Transparency Law.

Results

In September 2014, there were 15,901 registered dentists, of whom 54% were male, and graduated from 1945 onwards. Their mean age was 42.9 ±11.46 years. The large majority (89.6%) of Chilean dentists studied in Chile, 73% of them in traditional universities, and 7.3% of registered professionals are foreigners, most of whom studied abroad. For them, the most common route of degree equivalency is through agreements with the Chilean Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The traditional university with most graduates is the University of Chile, while Universidad Mayor is the private university with most graduates. In the last 5 years, the total number of graduates from private universities surpassed the total of graduates from traditional universities. There are 4,339 specialty records in the register, 49% of them certified in the period 2009-2013. The most common specialty is orthodontics (19.5% of the total). The most common route of certification is a university degree.

Conclusions

This study is one of the few with official, non-speculative information about dentists in Chile. We believe that the National Register of Individual Providers should improve access and registration of their data, with the purpose of properly characterising these professionals, demographically and academically.

Objective

To determine the relationship between the aesthetic self-perception of edentulous patients rehabilitated with dentures and the opinion of facial aesthetics experts.

Materials and methods

Two facial 3D photographs, without dentures and with new dentures, respectively, were taken of a convenience sample of 40 edentulous patients. The images were subsequently shown to the patients, and they assessed their satisfaction of the facial change using Likert scale question. The photographs of the patients were also shown to 5 professionals with specialties related to facial aesthetics. Facial change was evaluated using the same Likert scale as the patients. Finally, the results were compared using the non-parametric Wilcoxon test to determine any statistical differences between the preferences of patients and the experts.

Results

The perception of patients and experts are positive. Significant statistical differences were found after comparing the responses of both groups, with p=.00, with the experts being more critical in their assessment.

Conclusion

The aesthetic perception of edentulous patients rehabilitated with complete dentures and the opinion of a panel of aesthetic experts are concordant, both being positive. It is important to note that experts were more critical in their assessment.

Objective

The use of the superior rigid occlusal splint (SROS) has been used to management temporomandibular disorders and sleep bruxism for many years. These SROS could change the mandibular position leading to a more posterior position of the tongue and hyoids bone, and compromising the upper airway flow permeability and make sleep-breathing disorders worse. The aim of this study is to evaluate the linear and area changes of lumen in patients with sleep bruxism who are using a SROS, measured by lateral teleradiograph.

Methodology

The study included 20 patients, of both sexes, from the Hospital de Carabineros, Chile, who were diagnosed with probable sleep bruxism due to using and SROS. The cephalometric analysis was performed of the area and pharyngeal depth in order to measure the pharyngeal space, by obtaining a lateral teleradiograph without SROS and a second teleradiograph using SROS, at the same time, to avoid dimensional variation due to possible craniocervical positional changes.

Results

A statistical significance was found for oropharynx reduction (mean: 41.2 mm², P = .035), for the gonion linear depth (mean: 0.38 mm, P = .019), and at uvula level (mean: 1.83 mm, P = .009). No correlations were found between the increasing vertical dimensions using SROS and pharyngeal spaces.

Conclusion

The using of a superior occlusal splint (SROS) could reduce the oropharyngeal depth and space.

Squamous cell carcinoma is the most prevalent oral cancer in the population, accounting for approximately 90% of all oral cancers, with the tongue being the most common location of SCC. The aim of this study was to determine the five-year survival rate of patients diagnosed with SCC of tongue. A retrospective study was performed on 44 patients of the Universidad Mayor (Chile) diagnosed with SCC of the tongue. The survival data in relation to gender, age groups, habits, degree of histopathological differentiation, was performed using the Kaplan-Meir analysis. The overall survival rate at five years was 45.5%. The survival rate for squamous cell carcinoma of tongue in Chile is lower than the results found in other countries, such as the United States.