Revista clínica de periodoncia, implantología y rehabilitación oral最新文献

The present study evaluated the results of the post-extraction socket preservation technique using Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate with and without the use of a non-resorbable membrane. A total of 18 teeth with indication of extraction and socket preservation were selected, with 10 alveoli being treated with Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate combined with a non-resorbable membrane, and the other 8 with Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate only. The width and height of each socket was evaluated using computed tomography, prior to the extraction, and 6 months after the surgery. At the time of performing the surgical technique for installing the implants, histological specimens were taken from the implant site in order to study the graft site 6 months after the dental extraction surgery and alveoli preservation.

The use of Beta-Tricalcium Phosphate, whether a membrane is used or not, maintained the alveolar height 6 months after the extraction, while the width of the alveolus only remained in the group without membrane. Histological results showed varying amounts of bone regeneration.

The CREST syndrome is characterized by calcinosis, Raynaud's syndrome, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia. It has signs and symptoms in the stomatognathic system that deserve consideration in its treatment. The objective of this paper is to report the oral manifestations of a case of CREST syndrome and describe the prosthetic treatment performed in the Department of Oral Rehabilitation in the National University of Colombia. The case is presented of a patient female aged 42 years, diagnosed with CREST syndrome by the treating doctor. She came to the Faculty of Dentistry for restorative treatment. The prosthodontic management included metal-ceramic crowns, fixed partial denture, and removable partial denture. The results demonstrate that conventional restorative alternatives, similar to that used in a patient without this systemic condition, while maintaining strict control of it, can be recommended.

Purpose

To determine the characteristics of the caregivers, their training and role in oral health care practices of the dependent elderly in a Domiciliary Care Program, Commune of Providencia.

Method

A cross-sectional study was conducted on a randomised sample of elderly individuals, who were part of the Domiciliary Care Program in the Commune of Providencia, Santiago, Chile. A questionnaire was used to determine the caregiver characteristics, their training in oral health care, frequency of oral hygiene, and difficulties in carrying it out, as well as who performs the hygiene according to the level of dependency of the elderly person (Katz Index).

Results

Most (73.4%) of the caregivers have not received any training for oral health care. More than half (57,3%) of the caregivers have carry out the oral hygiene of an elder and the majority (82.7%) had difficulties to complete it, mostly the elder doesn’t allow other people do the hygiene. All elders with mild dependency perform their own oral hygiene but the majority of elders with severe dependency need help (7.9%) or the caregiver must do it (76.3%).

Conclusions

It is fundamental to improve caregiver training on oral health care of domiciliary dependent elderly people. When dependency increases, the role of the caregiver in oral hygiene is most important.

Aim

To evaluate the release of sodium hypochlorite from three different commercial brands of heat-polymerized acrylic resin immersed in water and submitted to mechanical or chemical polishing after disinfection with hypochlorite at different concentrations.

Material and methods

Fifty-four disk-shaped specimens (n = 18) were made for each resin (Lucitone 550, QC-20, and Classico) and assigned to two groups according to the type of polishing. Specimens were divided in three sub-groups in relation to sodium hypochlorite concentration (1%, 2.5%, and 5.25%), and the groups were immersed for 10-min periods in each sodium hypochlorite concentration. The electrochemical method used for detecting the release of sodium hypochlorite in each specimen was the cyclic voltammetry.

Results

In the specimens of Clássico resin polished mechanically and immersed in 5.25% sodium hypochlorite, as well as Lucitone and QC-20 resins immersed in 2.5%, the amounts of disinfectant solution released in the four 15-min water exchanges were higher than the four 60-min exchanges.

Conclusion

There were differences in hypochlorite release from the three commercial brands of denture-base acrylic resins subjected to mechanical polishing. However, no hypochlorite release from the same resins was observed when they were subjected to chemical polishing.

Dental implant fixation techniques are widely studied in order to reduce surgical morbidity. Computer-guided flapless surgery has been considered an efficient alternative that presents several advantages and some limitations. This technique allows the virtual planning and simulation of the prosthetic-surgical treatment that can help predict the difficulties and limitations in order to reduce possible errors. In addition to the prosthetic predictability, computer-guided surgery enhances accuracy and reduces surgical morbidity. Thus, the aim of this study was to report on a 7-year follow-up of immediately loaded implants inserted into an edentulous maxilla using virtual planning and flapless surgery.

Aim

To analyse the scientific production in therapeutic implants and periodontology in Latin American journals.

Materials and methods

A literature review that analysed scientific articles published in dental journals in the countries of the Ibero-Pan-American Federation of Periodontology during the years 2012-2014. The search for articles was made through a manual analysis via the web portal in each journal and through SciELO, RedALyC, and LiLACS data bases. The scientific productivity was determined by year, type, design, and level of evidence for each article, as well as the subject of Periodontology and/or dental implants.

Results

The analysis was performed on 505 articles over a period of 3 years, and most of them were published in three countries: 47.7% from Brazil, 14.7% in Mexico, and 8.1% in Chile. Of these, 23.9% were review articles and 43.76% had an evidence level of iv.

Conclusion

The highest productivity of publications is concentrated in journals from Brazil, Mexico, Chile, and Spain. The main theme of scientific publications referred to dental implants. The quality of publications at Latin American level is low, with a predominance of case reports and review articles (level iv), and less systematic reviews and clinical trials.

Over the last few years there has been a consensus that the approach of periodontal diseases should be accompanied by a focus on public health, since it is recognised that both gingivitis and periodontitis are major public health problems due to their high prevalence, the obvious damage caused to people, the high cost of treatment, and being preventable. Despite the absence of evidence of representative studies of prevalence of periodontitis, Chile does not escape this reality. However based on existing reports, it can be established that children have a high frequency of gingivitis that increases with age, and the general population has a high inflammatory component in their gums. Meanwhile, in adolescents there is already evidence of destruction of periodontal tissues, measured by loss of clinical attachment level, and this destruction increases significantly in adults and the elderly, and is largely responsible for the loss of teeth in the population. Its main risk indicators include age, gender, education level, socioeconomic status, access to health, and smoking. There is a relationship with chronic non-communicable diseases, and share common risk factors with these. Despite the efforts of the individual approach, there is still a high prevalence of these diseases, suggesting that the approach should be focused more towards strengthening at primary health care level. This should include interdisciplinary and between-speciality tasks, promoting healthy lifestyles, oral hygiene habits, tobacco and dietary counselling, and early detection of disease.

Background

Despite periodontal disease being highly prevalent in Chile, information from the regions is scarce and limited, particular as regards the situation in the rural population.

Objective

Given the lack of local data and the high rurality index of the Maule Region, the aim of this study was to determine the periodontal status of the 6, 12, 15, 35 to 44, and 65 to 74 year-old population that lives in the Region.

Methodology

A cross-sectional study (EpiMaule) was conducted on 2,414 individuals, grouped according to the epidemiological surveillance ages indicated by the World Health Organisation (WHO) for population studies, sex and area of study. The measurements made include the Silness-Löe bacterial plaque index (IP), Silness-Löe gingival index (IG), and the community periodontal index (IPC). The data were analysed using descriptive and analytical statistics with a significance level of 5%.

Results

The large majority of the population, including children, adults and the elderly, had moderate levels of bacterial plaque and gingival inflammation. Adolescents of 15 years showed the highest prevalence of bleeding on probing in all the ages examined. The older adults had the highest IP (1.75) and IG values among all the groups studied, mainly affecting the older ones that lived in rural areas. Males and the rural population had the highest values for IP as well as for IG (P < .05). A CPI level of 2 was most frequently detected in 77.2% of the 35 to 44 years population. On the other hand, more than one-quarter (28.8%) of the 65-74 year-old participant had probe depths ≥ 4 mm, being the age group with a high prevalence at this CPI level (P < .05).

Conclusions

The population of the Maule Region show significant differences in periodontal status, according to age, sex, and rurality, with the elderly being the most affected. These data suggest the need to implement oral health policies that differentially approach the individual needs of the population.

Aim

To determine the periodontal treatment needs of pregnant women in 2015 in the city of Frutillar, Chile.

Material and method

A descriptive observational cross-sectional study was conducted from July 2015 to October 2015 on a total of 66 pregnant women that satisfied the inclusion criteria. They were evaluated by a clinical examination by two trained examiners (Kappa 0.86). The Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) was used to determine their periodontal treatment needs. The Chi-squared statistic was used, assuming a statistical significance level of P<.05. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Frutillar Family Health Centre.

Results

Of the total of pregnant woman evaluated, 97% need periodontal treatment. The mean value using the CPITN was 2.51 (SD 1.48), with no statistically significant differences between the age.

Conclusion

The periodontal treatment needs of pregnant women in the city of Frutillar are high. The detection of periodontal disease must be an essential part of the comprehensive dental examination of the pregnant woman, in order to maintain health and prevent further complications in their pregnancy condition.

Latin America is populated by approximately 600 million inhibitants living in 20 countries, from Mexico and the Caribean in the north to Argentina and Chile in the south, and although they have a varied social and economic development, oral diseases are common and affect a significant percentage of the population. This article describes a public health strategy to control both chronic, non-communicable disease and periodontal and oral disease, based on health promotion and disease prevention outside of dental clinics.